U.S. patent number 3,650,136 [Application Number 04/865,287] was granted by the patent office on 1972-03-21 for tube bending apparatus.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Pines Engineering Co., Inc.. Invention is credited to Ernest C. Sindelar.
United States Patent |
3,650,136 |
Sindelar |
March 21, 1972 |
TUBE BENDING APPARATUS
Abstract
In an apparatus for producing bends in tubing, including a
flexible mandrel movable axially into and out of one end of tubing
disposed in position on the apparatus for bending. The mandrel has
a plurality of mandrel balls universally mounted in a chain whereby
the mandrel balls are unsupported against gravity on the end of the
mandrel. A cylindrical reload member is disposed adjacent the one
end of the positioned tubing for receiving the mandrel and
orienting the mandrel balls when outside of the positioned tubing
to align the mandrel balls for insertion into the tubing.
Inventors: |
Sindelar; Ernest C. (Sugar
Grove, IL) |
Assignee: |
Pines Engineering Co., Inc.
(N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
25345138 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/865,287 |
Filed: |
October 10, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
72/150;
72/310 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21D
9/07 (20130101); B21D 9/03 (20130101); B21D
9/05 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B21D
9/00 (20060101); B21D 9/03 (20060101); B21D
9/05 (20060101); B21D 9/07 (20060101); B21d
009/05 (); B21d 005/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;72/150,310,319,387 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lanham; Charles W.
Assistant Examiner: Rogers; R. M.
Claims
I claim:
1. In an apparatus for producing bends in tubing, including a
flexible mandrel mounted on shaft means for axial reciprocating
movement into and out of one end of tubing disposed in position on
said apparatus for bending, the improvement comprising reload means
for said flexible mandrel, said reload means being disposed
adjacent said one end of said positioned tubing for orienting said
flexible mandrel when outside of the positioned tubing to align the
flexible mandrel for insertion into the tubing.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said reload means automatically
aligns the flexible mandrel as a result of retracting the mandrel
from said one end of the tubing.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said flexible mandrel is of the
type having at least one member hingedly mounted on the end of the
mandrel opposite said shaft means whereby said member is
unsupported against gravity, and said reload means comprises
support means adjacent said one end of the positioned tubing to
support said member against gravity when outside said tubing and
align the member with said one end of the positioned tubing.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said support means has means
defining a support surface for supporting said member against
gravity when outside said tubing, said surface being disposed
generally at the same level as the lower interior wall of the
positioned tubing.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said member is mounted on said
one end of the mandrel for universal movement thereabout, and said
support means has means defining an upwardly facing arcuate surface
for supporting said member against gravity when outside said
tubing, said arcuate surface having a radius of curvature
substantially the same as the interior of said tubing and being
disposed generally in line with a projection of the lower interior
arcuate wall of the positioned tubing.
6. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said member comprises a mandrel
ball mounted for universal movement on said one end of said
mandrel, and said support means comprises a cylindrical member
through which said shaft means extends, said cylindrical member
having an open end adjacent said one end of the positioned tubing
and adapted to receive said mandrel and said member when outside of
the positioned tubing.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said cylindrical member is
disposed generally coaxially with said one end of the positioned
tubing.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the interior of said
cylindrical member is of the same size as the interior of said
tubing.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said cylindrical member at said
open end is chamfered to provide a cam means to facilitate
reloading the mandrel ball thereinto on retraction from the
tubing.
10. Tube bending apparatus comprising: means defining a fixed die
adapted to receive a portion of a length of tubing; means defining
a movable die adjacent said fixed die for receiving another portion
of the length of tubing whereby movement of said movable die
relative to said fixed die will bend said another portion of the
length of tubing; means defining a flexible mandrel adapted to be
received in said another portion of the length of tubing; means for
moving said flexible mandrel along a path defined by a length of
tubing received in said dies, and operable to move said flexible
mandrel between a first position wholly withdrawn from a length of
tubing received by said dies and a second position within said
another portion of the length of tubing; and means for guiding and
supporting said flexible mandrel during movement of the same to and
from said first position up to a point of entry or exit from a
length of tubing.
Description
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the art of manufacturing tubing, and more
particularly with the bending of hollow tubing.
It has long been recognized that the bending of tubing is a
difficult operation. Solid rods can be bent with relative ease, but
when hollow tubes are bent, there is a definite tendency for a
circular cross section to become oval in the curve or bent part of
the tube. More specifically, the inner radius of the bent portion
of the tubing will wrinkle or the outer radius will form less than
a true circular arc. Both of these conditions are undesirable
because they reduce the cross sectional area of the tube through
the bend and they weaken the tubing less than the strength that is
afforded by a circular cross section.
To solve these problems of bending hollow tubing, external bending
dies have been employed to bend the tubing, with an internal
flexible mandrel positioned within the tubing at least at the bent
portion thereof. Such flexible mandrels generally consist of a
number of interconnected balls which counteract the ovaling of the
tubing. The balls are universally mounted in a chain on the end of
the mandrel which is inserted into one end of the tubing positioned
in the bending dies and, therefore, the mandrel balls are
unsupported against gravity and normally hang downwardly from the
end of the mandrel when outside of the tubing. With relatively
small diameter tubing, relatively small mandrel balls are employed
and are easily hand manipulated for insertion into the one end of
tubing disposed in position for bending. However, with large
diameter tubing, such as large diameter titanium tubes which are
used in the airline industry, large, heavy mandrel balls are
required to prevent ovaling of the large diameter tubing, and the
repositioning or reloading of the flexible mandrel into one end of
the positioned tubing is quite different and cumbersome. In fact, a
single mandrel ball for a 7-inch diameter tube, for instance, might
weigh as much as 20 lbs. In some instances, a mandrel may employ as
many as 10-15 mandrel balls. Thus, in order to reposition or reload
the flexible mandrel into the open end of the positioned tubing, a
number of workers must lift and orient the balls generally
coaxially with the positioned tubing and guide the balls into the
tubing as a reciprocating ram or piston and cylinder device moves
the flexible mandrel fully into the positioned tubing. Not only is
this procedure difficult, but it is dangerous to the workers and,
if not performed properly, could cause damage to the open end of
the positioned tubing.
The principal object, therefore, of the present invention is to
provide an improvement in an apparatus for producing bends in
tubing to eliminate the problems and difficulties inherent in
handling heavy flexible mandrels.
Another object of the invention is to provide in an apparatus for
producing bends in tubing, a reload means disposed adjacent one end
of tubing positioned on the apparatus for bending for orienting the
flexible mandrel when outside of the positioned tubing to align the
flexible mandrel for insertion into the tubing.
A further object of the invention is to provide a reload means as
set forth in the preceding paragraph which automatically aligns the
flexible mandrel for reinsertion into positioned tubing as a result
of the withdrawal of the flexible mandrel from previously bent
tubing.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a reload means
for flexible mandrels of the type having at least one member
universally mounted on the outer end of the mandrel whereby the
member is unsupported against gravity, the reload means comprising
support means adjacent the open end of the positioned tubing to
support the member against gravity when outside of the tubing and
align the member with the adjacent end of the positioned
tubing.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated herein, the flexible
mandrel is of the type which includes a plurality of mandrel balls
universally mounted on the outer end of the mandrel for insertion
into one end of positioned tubing, and the support means comprises
a cylindrical member through which the mandrel reciprocates into
and out of the positioned tubing, the cylindrical member having an
open end adjacent the inserting end of the positioned tubing and
adapted to receive the mandrel and mandrel balls when retracted
from the positioned tubing after bending. The cylindrical member is
disposed generally coaxially with the axis of the positioned tubing
and the interior of the cylindrical member is of the same size as
the interior of the tubing. Preferably, the open end of the
cylindrical member adjacent the tubing is chamfered to provide a
cam means to facilitate guiding the mandrel balls into the
cylindrical member on retraction from the bent tubing.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become
apparent from the following detailed description taken in
connection with the accompanying drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a horizontal sectional view through a length of tubing
and the dies of a bending apparatus before bending of the
tubing;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 with the parts moved to effect a
right angle bend of the tubing;
FIG. 3 is an elevational view, partially cut away and on a reduced
scale, of an apparatus for producing bends in tubing, incorporating
the reload means of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view, partially cut away, of the apparatus
shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a flexible mandrel having mandrel
balls and positioned outside of one end of the reload cylindrical
member of the present invention; and
FIG. 6 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken generally
along the line 6--6 of FIG. 4.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now in greater particularlity to the drawings, and first
to FIGS. 3 and 4 for a general understanding of the machine, there
will be seen a base, generally designated 10, which comprises
pedestal means 12 (FIG. 3) and a bed 14. A mandrel shaft or rod 16
extends substantially from end to end of the bed and is spaced
thereabove. A hydraulic operating system, generally designated 18,
including a cylinder and piston is connected to one end of the
mandrel rod 16 for effecting controlled reciprocating movement
thereof. Control can be effected by manual manipulation of valves,
but preferably is effected by automatic sequence controls within
the base, in conventional manner. Any detailed consideration
thereof is believed to be superfluous.
The end of the mandrel rod 16 opposite the hydraulic operating
system 18 is provided with an enlarged cylindrical plug 20, as best
may be seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5. A plurality of members 22
generally referred to as mandrel balls are universally connected to
one another in conventional manner, as at 23 in FIGS. 1 and 5 in a
chain and to the plug 20, the balls and plug forming a flexible
mandrel, generally designated 24 in FIG. 5, which is flexible at
least in part.
At the end of the bed 14 opposite the hydraulic operating system 18
is mounted a bending mechanism, generally designated 26. The
bending mechanism is of conventional structure and comprises a
wiper die 28 (FIGS. 1 and 2) having a semicircular groove 30 for
clamping a tube 32. The bending mechanism also includes a clamp die
34 mounted generally opposite the wiper die and is provided with a
semicircular longitudinally extending groove 36 for engaging the
tube 32. A pressure die 38 is mounted adjacent the clamp die 34.
Opposite the pressure die 38 and adjacent the wiper die 28 there is
provided a bending form, generally designated 40. This bending form
is generally circular in configuration with a tangent clamping
portion or bending die 42. As is known in the art, a
circumferential groove 44 extends around the bending form 40 and
also along the bending die 42. The bending die is arranged in
alignment with the pressure die 38 so that the tube 32 can be
clamped therebetween. The bending form 40 is mounted for pivoting
movement about an axis or pivot shaft 46. The wiper die 28 has an
arcuate edge 48 for cooperating with the bending form 40.
Before going into the details of the reload means of this
invention, specific reference now will be made to the bending
operation. First, a tube 32 is placed between the wiper die 28,
clamp die 34, pressure die 38, and bending die 42 and the dies are
brought to the position shown in FIG. 1 to clamp and hold the tube
32 therebetween. The flexible mandrel 24 is then inserted into the
end 50 of the tube 32 in the direction of arrow A (FIG. 1). The
bending form 40 (with bending die 42) and pressure die 38 are then
rotated in the direction of arrows B and C, respectively, (FIG. 2)
so as to effect a bend in the tube, a right angle bend being shown
in FIG. 2. The mandrel balls 22 prevent ovaling of the tube, as set
forth above.
The reload means of the present invention comprises a cylindrical
member 52 through which extends the mandrel rod 16, as shown best
in FIGS. 3 and 4. The cylindrical member is open ended and has an
open end 54 (FIGS. 1 and 2) adjacent the end 50 of the positioned
tube 32 and is adapted to receive the flexible mandrel 24 when
retracted from the tubing, opposite the direction of arrow A (FIG.
1), after the tubing has been bent as shown in FIG. 2. The
cylindrical member is releasably clamped in position by a clamp
means 56 (FIGS. 3, 4, and 6) and is supported on a roller 58. The
cylindrical member is disposed generally coaxially with the end 50
of the positioned tubing 32 and preferably has an interior size or
diameter the same as the size of the tubing to be bent. The open
end 54 of the cylindrical member 52 is chamfered as at 60 in FIGS.
1 and 2 to provide a cam means to facilitate guiding or reloading
the mandrel balls 22 thereinto on retraction from the tubing.
The reload tube or cylindrical member 52 is adjustable, by
releasing clamp 56, for axial movement back and forth in the
direction of arrows D (FIGS. 1 and 2). This adjustment is necessary
to maintain the open end 54 of the cylindrical member closely
adjacent the end 50 of positioned tubing due to the fact that
various lengths of tubing may be bent at various positions along
their lengths. In addition, the end 50 of any particular length of
tubing may be disposed at various axial positions relative to the
cylindrical member 52 because the bend itself may be formed at
various axial positions along the length of tubing.
Flexible mandrels of the type referred to herein actually are
flexible only in directions transverse to the mandrel rod 16. When
the mandrel balls are aligned coaxially with rod 16 as shown in
FIG. 1, the flexible mandrel may be pushed or pulled by the
reciprocating mandrel rod just as if the mandrel was an extension
of the rod. Thus, once the flexible mandrel is initially loaded
into the cylindrical member 52, and as long as the mandrel is
maintained positioned within the cylindrical member when not
inserted into positioned tubing, the mandrel will always be aligned
for reinsertion into the next length of positioned tubing. With the
open end 54 of the cylindrical member maintained closely adjacent
the end 50 of the tubing, the mandrel balls will be aligned
automatically on retraction of the mandrel from the tubing after it
has been bent, and thus reloaded for the next length of tubing to
be bent.
The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of
understanding only and no unnecessary limitations should be
understood therefrom as some modifications will be obvious to those
skilled in the art.
* * * * *