U.S. patent number 3,650,120 [Application Number 05/030,015] was granted by the patent office on 1972-03-21 for method for disposing of garbage and refuse.
Invention is credited to Richard D. Harza.
United States Patent |
3,650,120 |
Harza |
March 21, 1972 |
METHOD FOR DISPOSING OF GARBAGE AND REFUSE
Abstract
A system of disposing of garbage and refuse which comprises in
any order or sequence the steps of: wetting the refuse (if it does
not already contain significant moisture) with a freezable liquid;
compressing the moistened refuse; freezing the moistened, compacted
refuse into dense pellets of any size or shape; storing the
pellets; removal and ultimate disposal of the pellets for landfill
or otherwise through any systematic means.
Inventors: |
Harza; Richard D. (Chicago,
IL) |
Family
ID: |
21852082 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/030,015 |
Filed: |
April 20, 1970 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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677206 |
Oct 23, 1967 |
3514969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
62/62; 4/DIG.9;
100/73; 100/249; 100/315; 62/341; 100/218; 264/28 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B30B
9/3014 (20130101); B30B 9/3003 (20130101); B09B
3/0025 (20130101); B65F 2210/116 (20130101); Y10S
4/09 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B30B
9/30 (20060101); B30B 9/00 (20060101); B09B
3/00 (20060101); F25d 025/00 (); 100 () |
Field of
Search: |
;62/62,341
;99/149,192,195 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Perlin; Meyer
Assistant Examiner: Capossela; Ronald C.
Parent Case Text
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS:
The present application is a continuation-in-part of my copending
application, Ser. No. 677,206, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,514,969, filed
on Oct. 23, 1967, and entitled FREEZING APPARATUS FOR GARBAGE
DISPOSAL; and is related to Ser. No. 12,416, filed Feb. 18, 1970,
and entitled METHOD FOR GARBAGE DISPOSAL which is a continuation of
Ser. No. 824,874, filed May 15, 1969, now abandoned. Said abandoned
application is a division of U.S. Pat. No. 3,514,969.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of disposing of nominally heterogeneous refuse normally
including inedible portions comprising, in sequence, the steps of:
placing such refuse in a housing receptacle; moistening said refuse
in the event said refuse does not contain sufficient moisture to
allow adherence when frozen; compressing the refuse; freezing the
refuse so as to form a dense pellet; thereafter, automatically
transferring said pellet from said housing to frozen storage
adjacent to but separate from said housing; storing said pellet in
its dense state in said frozen storage; and mechanically
transferring said dense pellet from said frozen storage to a final
disposal destination.
2. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 1, wherein
said housing receptacle is located inside a dwelling and said
frozen storage is located outside of but adjacent to said dwelling,
including the step of automatically transferring said pellet from
said housing receptacle inside said dwelling to said frozen storage
outside said dwelling.
3. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 1, wherein
said housing receptacle is located outside of but adjacent to and
accessible from within a dwelling and said frozen storage is
located outside of but adjacent to said dwelling.
4. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 3, wherein
said step of placing refuse in a housing receptacle is performed
from outside said dwelling.
5. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 4, wherein
said step of placing refuse in a housing receptacle is also
performed from inside said dwelling.
6. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 1, wherein
said step of automatically transferring said pellet from said
housing receptacle to said frozen storage comprises the steps of
power transferring and gravitationally transferring said
pellet.
7. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 1, wherein
said step of automatically transferring said pellet from said
housing receptacle to said frozen storage comprises the step of
gravitationally transferring said pellet.
8. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 1, wherein
said step of mechanically transferring said solid pellet from said
frozen storage to said final disposal destination includes the step
of transferring said pellet to vehicular means.
9. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 1, including
the step of maintaining said pellet in a solid state throughout the
entire disposing process.
10. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 1, including
the step of continuously maintaining the environment within said
housing at a temperature below the freezing temperature of water
prior to the compression of said refuse, for pre-chilling said
refuse.
11. A method of disposing of refuse comprising, in sequence, the
steps of: placing refuse in a housing receptacle; moistening said
refuse in the event said refuse does not contain sufficient
moisture to allow adherence when frozen; compressing the refuse;
freezing the refuse so as to form a dense pellet; thereafter,
automatically transferring said pellet from said housing to frozen
storage; storing said pellet in its dense state in said frozen
storage; and mechanically transferring said dense pellet from said
frozen storage to a final disposal destination, said housing
receptacle including a trap door at its base, and said step of
automatically transferring said pellet to said frozen storage
including the steps of opening said trap door and of discharging
said pellet from said housing through said trap door.
12. A method of disposing of refuse comprising, in sequence, the
steps of; placing refuse in a housing receptacle; moistening said
refuse in the event said refuse does not contain sufficient
moisture to allow adherence when frozen; compressing the refuse;
freezing the refuse so as to form a dense pellet; thereafter,
automatically transferring said pellet from said housing to frozen
storage; storing said pellet in its dense state in said frozen
storage; and mechanically transferring said dense pellet from said
frozen storage to a final disposal destination, said step of
mechanically transferring said solid pellet from said frozen
storage to said final disposal destination including the step of
transferring said pellet to vehicular means, said frozen storage
including a freezer unit and wherein the step of mechanically
transferring said pellet from said frozen storage to said vehicular
means includes the steps of transferring said freezer unit to a
position directly above said vehicular means and gravitationally
transferring said pellet from said storage freezer unit to said
vehicular means.
13. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 12, wherein
said freezer unit includes a trap door at its base, said step of
mechanically transferring said pellet from said freezer unit to
said vehicular means including the steps of opening said trap door
and of discharging said pellet through said trap door.
14. A method of disposing of refuse comprising, in sequence, the
steps of; placing refuse in a housing receptacle; moistening said
refuse in the event said refuse does not contain sufficient
moisture to allow adherence when frozen; compressing the refuse;
freezing the refuse so as to form a dense pellet; thereafter,
automatically transferring said pellet from said housing to frozen
storage; storing said pellet in its dense state in said frozen
storage; and mechanically transferring said dense pellet from said
frozen storage to a final disposal destination, said step of
mechanically transferring said solid pellet from said frozen
storage to said final disposal destination including the step of
transferring said pellet to vehicular means, said frozen storage
including bucket means therein for supporting said pellets, and
wherein the step of mechanically transferring said pellets from
said frozen storage to said vehicular means includes the steps of
transferring said bucket means from said frozen storage to a
position directly above said vehicular means and gravitationally
transferring said pellets.
15. A method of disposing of refuse according to claim 14, wherein
said bucket means includes a trap door at its base, said step of
mechanically transferring said pellets from said frozen storage to
said vehicular means including the step of discharging said pellets
from said bucket means through said trap door.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to the disposal of refuse
or garbage, and more particularly to a system for processing,
storing, picking up, and transferring household refuse to an
ultimate destination.
Presently, when a housewife, etc., wants to dispose of refuse, she
does so in a garbage can or container located on the premises.
Because the garbage is exposed to the atmosphere, in not too long a
period after being placed in the can it begins to decay and become
rancid. As the garbage decays an offensive odor is given off
thereby, and vermin tend to collect about the garbage accompanied
by the breeding of bacteria and the possible spread of disease.
Furthermore, the refuse or garbage gathered in these cans or
containers is most commonly removed by trucks into which loose or
partially wrapped garbage is placed. Usually these trucks have an
offensive odor, and as they travel from pickup-to-pickup sometimes
lose particles of garbage on the public thoroughfares.
If the housewife is more fortunate she may have a garbage disposer
of the type which grinds the garbage into small finely cut pieces
and which then flushes these pieces into the drain pipe. This type
of garbage disposer also has its drawbacks, namely, the fact that
the disposer will not accommodate bones, stringy meat particles,
plastic, and the like, and it tends to be noisy in operation. It
also tends to overwork sewage disposal or processing plants.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is a general object of this invention to provide a
method for disposing of garbage which avoids the disadvantages of
the prior art garbage collection or disposing methods as mentioned
above.
It is a more specific object of this invention to provide a method
for processing, storing, picking up, and transferring garbage and
refuse to an ultimate destination.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a method
for compressing and freezing the refuse so as to form dense pellets
and for thereafter automatically storing the pellets and finally
removing an accumulation of these pellets from the premises.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method for
disposing of refuse which is convenient, neat, sanitary, aesthetic,
and economical.
Briefly, the method herein disclosed and claimed provides,
generally, for the steps of: compressing and freezing significantly
moist, nominally heterogeneous refuse so that the refuse forms
frozen dense pellets; automatically transferring the pellets from a
point where they were formed to a freezer storage area for storing
the pellets for an indefinite period of time; and mechanically
removing the pellets from the storage unit and transferring the
pellets to an ultimate destination such as a refuse dump or the
like.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A better understanding of the invention and its organization and
construction may be had by referring to the description below in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of which:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a garbage disposal system for
disposing of garbage and refuse;
FIG. 2 is a fragmented sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a garbage truck in combination with
a storage freezer unit for collection of the garbage and
refuse;
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of a modified storage freezer
unit;
FIG. 5 is a modified version of the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is another modified version of the system of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 7 is still another modified version of the system of FIG.
1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now to the drawings in more detail, FIG. 1 thereof shows
a system 10 for collecting and storing garbage or refuse according
to a first embodiment of the invention herein disclosed and
claimed. The system 10 includes a compressor-freezer assembly 12
contained within a housing 14 for receiving refuse which is
moistened, compressed and frozen into dense pellets 16. As
indicated in FIG. 1, the housing is positioned within a kitchen
area of a house and adjacent a wall separating the kitchen area and
the outside of the house. This allows the housewife or other member
of the family to dispose of the refuse without ever leaving the
kitchen. It is to be understood, however, that the housing 14 may
be placed in any convenient location. Also included within housing
14 and positioned below compressor-freezer assembly 12 is an
automatic transfer assembly 18 which automatically transfers the
dense pellets 16 to a transfer conveyance housing 20. The housing
20 is connected at one end to housing 14 and its other end extends
outdoors to a storage freezer assembly 22 located outside adjacent
the kitchen area, where the pellets 16 are stored for eventual
pickup as described hereinafter.
The housing 14 is rectangular in shape having side walls 23 and 24,
back wall 26, front wall (not shown), top wall 28 and base 30. The
housing also includes a loading door 32 which is hinge mounted to
the side wall 23 and may be opened as indicated in broken lines in
FIG. 1 for inserting refuse into the compressor-freezer assembly
12. A passageway (not shown) also may be included for entrance into
the housing 14 for maintenance or other reasons.
A control panel 36 is located within the housing 14, preferably
being mounted on one of the side walls therein as indicated in FIG.
1. The control panel includes the required control devices which
control the operation of the system as described hereinafter. Since
the controls do not form a part of the invention herein claimed, a
detailed description thereof will not be necessary. It is
sufficient to say that the controls, whether they be electrical,
pneumatic or hydraulic, are of the conventional type which will
automatically operate the system as described below and which are
appropriately connected to the below described elements towards
that end.
The compressor-freezer assembly 12 includes a housing 38 which is
preferably partly common with the housing 14, comprising a side
wall 40 which is parallel to and laterally spaced from side wall 23
of housing 14 and which extends from the back wall 26 to the front
wall of the housing 14. The remainder of the housing 38 consists
of: a portion of top wall 28 as seen in FIG. 1; the side wall 23
including loading door 32 of the housing 14; a portion of the back
wall 26, intermediate side wall 23 and side wall 40; a portion of
the front wall of housing 14; and a trap door 42. A compressing
mechanism 44 including a compressor head 46 is mounted from the
ceiling of the housing 38 and is shown in solid lines in a
retracted position and in dotted lines in an extended position,
i.e. in a position for compressing the refuse into a densely
compact pellet which is subsequently frozen. The compressing
mechanism is a telescoping cylinder unit preferably actuated by
hydraulic means, but which may also be actuated by electric or
pnuematic means. The compressing mechanism is energized to move
compressor head 46 from its retracted position to its extended
position when the loading door 32 is closed after previously being
opened for insertion of refuse into the housing 38. This is
accomplished by a switch (not shown) which is tripped when the door
is closed and which energizes appropriate controls within control
panel 36. The compressor head is maintained in its extended
position for approximately 30 seconds by a timing mechanism in the
control panel so that the refuse remains in its compressed state
while being frozen into a dense pellet which is accomplished by
freezer plates described below. If the refuse inserted into housing
38 does not already contain a sufficient moisture content to bind
it together when frozen, a freezable liquid such as water may also
be added for achieving such a result.
Three freezer plates 48 are included in housing 38 and are mounted
on back wall 26, side wall 40 and the front wall (not shown)
respectively. The plates are continuously chilled by conventional
freezing coils 49 mounted within the plates so as to continuously
create an atmosphere within housing 38 which will induce
solidification, or freezing, of the compressed garbage. It should
be noted, however, that occasionally the compressor-freezer
assembly 12 requires defrosting and this may be accomplished by
actuation of an appropriate switch located in control panel 36
which deenergizes the freezing coils and simultaneously therewith
energizes adjacent heating coils 49a for warming of the freezer
plates 48.
As stated above, when refuse is inserted through loading door 32
and thereafter closed, the compressor head 46 is moved to its
extended position and is so maintained for approximately 30 seconds
so that the compressed refuse may be properly solidified.
Subsequent to this compressing period and just prior to the point
when compressor head 46 is moved back to its retracted position the
trap door 42 is slideably moved from its closed position as shown
in solid lines to a retracted position as shown in dotted lines so
as to open the bottom of housing 38. This is accomplished by a
piston and cylinder assembly 50 which is connected to the trap door
42 and energized to move the trap door by appropriate control means
in the control panel 36 as described above. When the trap door 42
is in its completely retracted position the compressor head 46 of
the compressor mechanism 44 is driven downward from its compressed
position so as to force the frozen pellet 16, which is probably
frozen to the freezer plates, through the opening created by
retracted trap door 42 and thereafter onto transferring assembly 18
which will be described in more detail below. Operation of the
compressor mechanism 44 is then timed by an appropriate device in
control panel 36 to move the compressor head immediately back into
its retracted position. Simultaneously therewith operation of the
trap door 42 is timed so as to move back into its closed
position.
It is to be understood that while the preceding description
suggests that a complete pellet is made during each compaction
cycle and thereafter immediately transferred from housing 38, this
is not an essential element of the invention. In some cases the
quantity of refuse deposited within the housing at any one time may
not be sufficient to produce a pellet. In such cases, the pellet
may be formed by repeated operation of the compressor mechanism,
with each operation building up an additional quantity until the
mass of the pellet attains the desired size. In order to provide
this modified operation, the control panel would include
conventional devices including, for example, a manually actuated
switch for operating the piston and cylinder assembly only upon
creation of a pellet of desired size. A still further modification
would incorporate the concept of storing refuse prior to
compaction, which would reduce the number of compaction cycles that
would be required for attaining a pellet of desired size. In this
case, there would be control devices provided for energizing the
compressor mechanism only after there has been a desired
accumulation of refuse.
It is preferable that, prior to the compaction operation, in the
event that uncompressed refuse is being stored and between
operations of the compressor mechanism, the refuse be kept at a
reduced temperature which pre-chills the refuse prior to compaction
and prevents or at least greatly reduces decomposition activity
between compaction cycles. Pre-chilling the refuse not only
eliminates odor during storage, but also allows for a faster
compaction cycle. This is, of course, provided by the
above-described operation of freezer coils 49. It is to be
understood, however, that the invention is not limited to such
operations. Specifically, controls may be provided for operating
the freezer coils only during the compression cycle for
substantially simultaneously compressing and freezing the refuse,
or immediately after the compaction cycle, so that the refuse is
frozen substantially immediately after compression thereof.
The automatic transfer assembly 18 includes an endless conveyor
belt 52 positioned within housing 14 below trap door 42 so as to
receive a frozen pellet 16 when it is ejected from the housing 38.
The conveyor belt 52 is mounted around an assembly of shafts and
rollers 54, which are driven by a motor 56 also located within
housing 14. The motor drives the conveyor belt in a forward
direction as indicated by arrow 58 when the motor is in its
energized state. The motor is energized through an appropriate
timing mechanism within control panel 36 when the trap door 42 is
moved to its retracted position and remains energized a sufficient
time so as to allow a pellet 16 to be transferred from its initial
point on conveyor belt 52 directly below the trap door, to an
entering point within transfer conveyance housing 20 at which time
the motor 56 is de-energized stopping movement of the conveyor
belt.
The transfer conveyance housing 20 is basically an open ended
tubular structure having a top wall 60, a bottom wall 62 and two
side walls 64 (only one of the side walls being shown). One open
end of the transfer conveyance housing 20 is connected through an
opening 66 in house wall 34 and mounted to wall 24 of housing 14 so
as to co-operate with automatic transfer assembly 18 which is
partially positioned through an opening in wall 24 adjacent opening
66. The otherwise free end of transfer conveyance housing 20 is
disengageably mounted to the storage freezer assembly 22 on an
outwardly extending abutment 67 so as to encompass a trap door 68
of the storage freezer assembly as described below. The abutment is
hinge mounted to the storage freezer assembly so that it can be
moved to a retracted position during disengagement of the assembly
and conveyance housing and thereby not interfere therewith. The
transfer conveyance housing is positioned on an incline extending
downwardly from its left end to its right end as viewed in FIG. 1,
so that pellets 16 which are conveyed to opening 66 fall into the
housing 20 and thereafter, due to their own gravitational force,
slide down along bottom wall 62 and through trap door 68 into the
storage freezer assembly 22.
The storage freezer assembly 22 with exceptions described below is
preferably a conventional type freezer assembly having appropriate
freezing coils so as to maintain the temperature therein at between
0.degree. and 10.degree. Fahrenheit and includes a disconnectable
electrical cord 70. The storage freezer assembly is located outside
the home and within ten to twenty feet of the road or driveway 72
as shown in FIG. 1. It is capable of holding approximately 11/2
cubic yards storage volume and the cord 70 is connectable to an
outside convenience electric outlet 74. The storage freezer
assembly may be located as shown at ground level or in a shallow
well outside the house, either position being suitable for the
purposes herein. The storage freezer assembly has a fitting or
handle 76 at its top thereof so as to receive a crane hook, as
described hereinafter, and is so designed that the entire weight of
the fully loaded storage chamber can be lifted from this point. The
fully loaded storage chamber would weigh 1 to 2,000 pounds and
would hold from 3 to 6 months accumulation of garbage in the form
of solid pellets generated by an average five member family.
As stated above, the storage freezer assembly includes a trap door
68 which is positioned adjacent the transfer conveyance housing 20
so as to receive frozen pellets 16 therefrom. The trap door
comprises two pivotably mounted sections 79 and 80 respectively,
each of which has a respective end spring mounted to the storage
freezer assembly so as to be biased in a closed position as shown
in solid lines in FIG. 1. The force of an oncoming pellet 16 causes
the sections 79 and 80 to pivot to a position shown in dotted lines
so as to allow the pellet to enter the storage freezer assembly. A
second trap door 78 is located on the base of the storage freezer
assembly 22 and may be manually opened as described with respect to
FIG. 2 so as to allow removal of accumulated pellets 16 therefrom
for transfer to a pickup truck as described hereinafter.
The storage freezer assembly 22 is preferably a conventional type
freezer assembly. However, it should be understood that the chamber
itself can take several forms. For example, the storage chamber
could be essentially like that described above, however, also
including a huge bucket unit so that the refrigeration equipment
and the installation would remain unmoved during pickup operation.
This will be discussed in more detail with respect to FIG. 4. There
could also be several different ways of providing the refrigeration
in the storage chamber. As stated above the conventional way is to
use freezing coils as found in a conventional freezer type unit.
However, a modified type freezer unit could be provided which
includes no independent refrigeration means but rather is chilled
and kept chilled by a circulation of cold air originating in the
compressor-freezer assembly 12. This would be done by directing the
cold air from the compressor-freezer assembly through insulated
plastic tubes so as to discharge in the storage chamber, and other
tubes to pick up the return air from the storage chamber and direct
it to the compressor-freezer assembly for re-chilling purposes.
This would, of course, require circulation pumps which could easily
be mounted in housing 14.
Turning to FIG. 2, the trap door 78 is shown comprising two
sections 81 and 82 pivotably mounted to the storage freezer
assembly 22 by pivot pins 84 and 86 respectively. The two sections
when positioned as shown in FIG. 1, unobstructed by either the
ground or a locking assembly described below, will pivot around
their respective pivot pins 84 and 86, due to the force of their
own weight as well as the gravitational force exerted by pellets 16
stored thereon, so as to allow the pellets to fall therethrough and
onto the pickup truck as described hereinafter. A locking assembly
88 includes a base 90 mounted to one of the sections, for example,
section 81 and two locking bars 92 which as shown in solid lines
extend across both of the sections 81 and 82 so as to prevent them
from opening as described above. A handle 94 is also connected to
the base 90 and mechanically coupled to the locking bars 92 so as
to force the locking bars from their solid line positions to dotted
line positions as shown in FIG. 2, when the handle 94 is positioned
in its dotted position as shown. This removes the obstructing
locking bars 92 so that the doors may freely open.
Turning to FIG. 3, refuse and garbage pickup is accomplished by a
pickup type truck 100 with a crane hoist 102 attached thereto
rather than the conventional garbage truck which utilizes a
compressor unit for compressing the refuse within the truck. The
storage area of the truck is properly refrigerated and insulated by
means not shown for maintaining the pellets in their frozen state
while stored therein. The crane hoist has the capability of
extending 30 feet for transferring refuse to the truck. The garbage
collector would drive the truck 100 onto driveway 72 near the
storage freezer assembly 22; disconnect the freezer electrical
connection 70; attach a crane hook 104 of crane hoist 102 to handle
76 of the storage freezer assembly; lift the storage freezer
assembly over the body of truck 100; open the trap door 78 on the
bottom of storage freezer assembly 22; and dump the pellets 16 into
the truck. Finally, he would replace the empty storage freezer
assembly and plug connection 70 into socket 74. It is to be noted
that this same procedure would be followed whether the storage
freezer assembly 22 where positioned as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 or
located in a shallow well outside the house as discussed above. If
the storage freezer assembly 22 were of the type which is kept
chilled by a circulation of cold air from the compressor-freezer
assembly 12 as described above, the pickup procedure would be the
same except that the collector would disconnect the plastic tubes
as described above, from the storage freezer assembly rather than
to disconnect the electrical cord from its socket.
Since the storage freezer assembly is capable of holding from 3 to
6 months accumulation of garbage and refuse it is to be noted that
the pickup procedure as described above is required only once in
every 3 or 6 months rather than 27 times per 3 month period as is
required by the prior art garbage collecting systems.
While the system 10 has been described for household use it is to
be understood that the same may easily be used commercially such as
in a hospital where great quantities of refuse are accumulated
every day, and where sanitation is of utmost importance.
Turning to FIG. 4, a modified storage freezer assembly 110 is
shown. The assembly may include the conventional refrigeration
system as described above or the modified version utilizing the air
circulation system. The assembly 110 also has a trap door 112 which
is exactly the same as the trap door 68 of FIG. 1, and positioned
in the same manner. This assembly differs, however, from the
assembly 22 in that firstly, it does not have a trap door at its
base similar to trap door 78 and secondly, it does not have a
handle at its top similar to the handle 76 of assembly 22, but
rather includes a handle 114 which is used to open the top of the
freezer unit as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 4. When in its open
position, there is free access to a bucket 116 which fits snuggly
within the unit 110. The bucket 116, which is made from a
non-insulating type material so as to allow complete refrigeration
throughout the assembly 110, includes a handle 118 which serves the
same purpose as handle 76 of the storage freezer assembly 22. A
trap door 120 including a locking assembly 122 is located at the
bottom of the bucket 116 and is identical to and serves the same
purpose as trap door 78 of the assembly 22. The bucket 116 finally
includes an opening 124 therein which is located adjacent the trap
door 112 so as to allow pellets 16, which enter the trap door, to
fall within the bucket. The pickup procedure utilizing storage
freezer assembly 110 is similar to that procedure discussed above
with respect to storage freezer assembly 22 except that the freezer
assembly per se is not moved but rather is opened as shown in
dotted lines in FIG. 4, and the hook 104 of truck 100 is attached
to the handle 118 for removal of bucket 116. The remaining
procedure is exactly the same as above.
Turning to FIG. 5, a modified garbage and refuse system is shown.
Because this system includes most of the features incorporated in
the system of FIG. 1, like numbers will designate like figures.
Like the disposing system 10, system 128 includes a
compressor-freezer assembly 12 contained within a housing 14 for
receiving refuse which is compressed and frozen into solid pellets.
The housing is positioned in the kitchen area. The system 128 also
stores the pellets in the same manner as system 10 and pickup is
performed in the same way. However, unlike the disposing system 10,
system 128 does not include an automatic transfer assembly 18, but
rather utilizes an extended transfer conveyance housing 130 which
directly transfers the frozen pellets 16 from the
compressor-freezer assembly 12 to the storage freezer assembly
22.
As seen in FIG. 5, the transfer conveyance housing 130, which is
similar to the transfer conveyance housing 20 of system 10, has one
open end thereof positioned directly beneath the trap door 42 for
receiving the pellets and extends downward through the floor and
wall 34 so that its otherwise free end is mounted to the storage
freezer assembly 22 in the same manner as described above. Since
the automatic transfer assembly 18 of system 10 is not necessary to
system 128, the control devices required to operate the automatic
transfer assembly 18 are not required. When the trap door 42 is
moved to its open position the pellets 16 are forced downward in
the same manner as described above, and the pellets automatically
fall into the transfer conveyance housing 130 where, due to its
inclined position, the pellets slide down into the storage freezer
assembly 22. It is to be understood that although this modified
system has obvious advantages over the disposing system 10 the use
of this system will depend greatly on the physical layout of the
house in which it is to be installed.
Turning to FIG. 6, a second modification 150 of a garbage and
refuse system is shown. Because this system includes many of the
features incorporated in the systems of FIGS. 1 and 5, like
numerals will designate like features. Like the disposing systems
10 and 128, system 150 includes a compressor-freezer assembly 12,
located within a housing 14, for receiving refuse which is
compressed and frozen into solid block or pellets. The system 150
also stores the pellets in the same manner as systems 10 and 128
and pickup is performed in the same way. Unlike system 10, the
system 150 does not include an automatic transfer assembly 18, but
rather utilizes an extended transfer conveyance housing 130 as does
the system 128. The transfer conveyance housing 130 transfers the
frozen pellets 16 from the compressor-freezer assembly 12, to the
storage freezer assembly 22 in the same manner as described with
respect to system 128.
Unlike either of the garbage or refuse systems disclosed
hereinabove, the housing 14 of system 150 is positioned outside the
house or dwelling and mounted to wall 34 by conventional means. The
loading door 32 of the compressor-freezer assembly 12 is positioned
adjacent the wall 34 and may be opened, as indicated in FIG. 6,
from within the dwelling (kitchen area) through an opening or
cavity 152 in wall 34. In addition to loading door 32 a second
loading door 154 is provided for access into compressor-freezer
assembly 12. This door is located outside the house or dwelling so
that refuse (grass clippings, leaves, etc.) may be placed in the
compressor-freezer assembly 12 from outside thereof. The door 154
is hinge mounted to the compressor-freezer housing in the same
manner as loading door 32 and functions in the same way. A loading
hopper and screw conveyor (not shown) may be provided in addition
to or instead of door 154 to facilitate the insertion of leaves,
grass clippings and other yard refuse into the compressor-freezer
assembly.
The storage freezer assembly 22 is positioned in a shallow well
adjacent the housing 14 and is lifted from the well as indicated in
dotted lines for transferring the pellets stored therein to the
truck 100 as described hereinabove. The assembly 22 is maintained
at below freezing temperatures as previously disclosed.
Turning to FIG. 7, a third modification 160 of a garbage or refuse
system is shown. This system is identical to the system 150
discussed with respect to FIG. 6, with exceptions which will be
noted hereinafter. Therefore, like numerals will designate like
parts.
The garbage or refuse system 160 differs from the previously
described systems 10, 28 and 150, in that this system does not
require a transfer conveyance housing 20 or 130 as do the
previously mentioned systems. In addition, the system 160 does not
require an automatic transfer assembly 18 as does system 10.
Rather, the housing 14 includes, at its base, a trap door 162 which
is hinge and spring mounted at one end to the housing 14. The trap
door 162 is spring biased so as to remain closed as indicated by
solid lines shown in FIG. 7. When a pellet 16 is discharged from
the compressor-freezer assembly 12, in the same manner described
with respect to systems 10, 28 and 150, the weight of the pellet
causes the trap door 162 to pivot about its hinge and spring
connections to a position indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 7.
Like system 150, a storage freezer assembly 164 is positioned in a
shallow well adjacent to and below the housing 14. The storage
freezer assembly is identical to the previously mentioned storage
freezer assembly 22, with the following exceptions. Rather than
including a trap door 68 on one of its side walls, as does the
storage freezer assembly 22, a single section trap door 166 is
provided at the top of storage freezer assembly 164. This trap door
is spring mounted, at one side, to the top of the storage freezer
assembly and is biased so as to remain closed as indicated by solid
lines in FIG. 7. A longitudinally extending guide member 168 is
spring mounted at one end thereof to the upper left hand side of
storage freezer assembly 164 as viewed in FIG. 7. The guide member
168 is spring biased in a position extending outwardly from the
storage freezer assembly 164 at an angle approximately 30.degree.
with a horizontal plane through the storage freezer assembly.
Operationally, when a pellet is discharged through the trap door 42
of the compressor-freezer assembly, and falls onto the trap door
162, causing the trap door 162 to open, the otherwise free end of
trap door 162 comes to rest on the otherwise free end of guide
member 168. The pellet, due to gravity, drops from the housing 14
and is directed to the trap door 166 by the trap door 162 and guide
member 168. The weight of the pellet in turn causes the trap door
166 to open so as to allow the pellet to fall within the storage
freezer assembly 164. After the pellet falls within the storage
freezer assembly, as is readily apparent, the trap doors 162 and
166 return to their biased closed positions.
The procedure for transferring the pellets to truck 100 is the same
as described hereinabove. However, it is to be noted that as the
storage freezer assembly -64 is lifted upward, as indicated by
dotted lines in FIG. 7, the longitudinally extending guide member
168 comes in contact with the outwardly extending side of housing
14. Since the guide member is spring mounted to the storage freezer
assembly, it will be forced downward as indicated in dotted lines,
so as to allow the storage freezer assembly to be freely removed
from the well. It is to be finally noted that when the storage
freezer assembly is returned to its initial or grounded position,
the guide member 168 will pivot in an opposite direction from that
described above so as to allow the storage freezer assembly to be
freely placed into the well. The guide member will resume its
biased position when placed within the well so as to again
communicate with the trap door 162 when another pellet is
transferred to the storage freezer assembly.
It will be understood that, broadly speaking, "refuse" and
"garbage" are substantially synonymous and include other terms such
as "rubbish." Since the process (and the apparatus) remains the
same regardless of the specific nature of the material being
handled, it is my intention that terms such as "refuse" or
"garbage" shall be understood in their broadest senses in the
absence of something requiring more specific definition.
A summary of one method of completely disposing of garbage and
refuse according to system 10 will now be given and it is to be
understood that this summary will only generally include all of the
modifications as described above.
Garbage and refuse which is collected within the household is
inserted into the compressor-freezer assembly 12 through loading
door 32 along with a freezable liquid such as water for moistening
the refuse if the latter is necessary. When the door is closed, it
actuates a control device in control panel 36 for energizing the
compressor mechanism 44. The compressor mechanism 44 thereafter
automatically drives its compressor head 46 from a retracted
position to an extended position compressing the garbage and refuse
therein against the trap door 42. The head is maintained in that
position for approximately 30 seconds so that the garbage and
refuse may be sufficiently frozen into a pellet 16. After
approximately 30 seconds the trap door 42 is moved to its retracted
position as shown in FIG. 1, and the compressor head automatically
moved downward a sufficient distance to force the pellets 16 onto
the conveyor belt 52 of automatic transfer assembly 18. At this
time the transfer assembly is automatically energized to transfer
the pellet to the entrance of transfer conveyance housing 20 where
the pellet slides down through the housing and enters the storage
freezer assembly 22 through trap door 68 and is stored in its
frozen state within the storage freezer assembly. When the storage
freezer assembly is filled to or near its capacity, which, as
stated above, takes approximately 3 to 6 months for an average
family of five, a garbage and refuse collector utilizing a truck
100 as described above mechanically transfers the pellets from the
storage freezer assembly to the truck and thereafter, while
maintaining the pellets in their frozen state, takes them to an
area for use in a land fill operation. Although, in the past,
refuse has been used as land fill, it has been found that refuse in
the form of compressed pellets is both easier to work with and
makes a more solid land fill.
While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown, it
should be understood, of course, that the invention is not limited
thereto since many modifications may be made; and it is, therefore,
contemplated to cover by the appended claims any such modifications
that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *