U.S. patent number 3,647,354 [Application Number 04/879,031] was granted by the patent office on 1972-03-07 for fabric-treating method.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Electric Company. Invention is credited to Leopold Loeb.
United States Patent |
3,647,354 |
Loeb |
March 7, 1972 |
FABRIC-TREATING METHOD
Abstract
An improved fabric-treating method is provided which may be used
to treat fabrics with postwash treating chemicals, or to clean
previously laundered fabrics of soil and detergent left deposited
thereon, to to perform a combination of these functions. When used
solely to clean previously laundered fabrics of soil and detergent,
the fabrics are tumbled together with a quantity of water and
transfer agent. When the process is also used to treat fabrics with
postwash treating chemicals, such treating chemicals are tumbled
simultaneously with the fabrics, water and transfer agent. In each
instance, the quantity of water is sufficient only to dampen the
fabrics. The tumbling causes the water and the transfer agent to
contact the fabrics and causes soil and detergent from the fabrics
to be distributed over the combined surface areas of the fabrics
and the transfer agent. When a treating chemical is also employed,
the tumbling additionally causes the treating chemical to be
distributed over the surfaces of the fabrics. Following such
tumbling, the soiled transfer agent is separated from the fabrics,
whereby the fabrics are cleaned of soil and detergent distributed
onto the transfer agent.
Inventors: |
Loeb; Leopold (Louisville,
KY) |
Assignee: |
General Electric Company
(N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
25373293 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/879,031 |
Filed: |
November 24, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
8/158; 68/12.15;
8/137; 68/20 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
58/203 (20130101); C11D 17/047 (20130101); D06M
23/00 (20130101); D06B 5/00 (20130101); D06F
43/007 (20130101); D06F 58/30 (20200201); D06B
2700/18 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D06B
5/00 (20060101); D06M 23/00 (20060101); D06F
58/20 (20060101); D06F 43/00 (20060101); C11D
17/04 (20060101); D06l 001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;8/142,158,137
;69/23,28 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scheel; Walter A.
Assistant Examiner: Coe; Philip R.
Claims
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the
United States is:
1. In connection with a method of cleaning soil from fabrics by
tumbling together the fabrics and a dampening quantity of water,
detergent and polyethylene foam transfer agent and subsequently
separating the soiled transfer agent from the fabrics, and wherein
the fabrics after the separation of the transfer agent are in a
condition of dampness; the improvement of a method for subsequently
removing soil and detergent left deposited on the fabrics,
comprising the steps of:
tumbling together the damp fabrics and a quantity of unsoiled
transfer agent, wherein the transfer agent comprises a polyethylene
foam material having a large surface area per unit mass;
the tumbling causing the transfer agent to contact the fabrics, and
causing soil and detergent from the fabrics to be distributed over
the combined surface areas of the fabrics and the transfer agent;
and thereafter
separating the soiled transfer agent from the fabrics, whereby the
fabrics are cleaned of the soil and detergent distributed onto the
transfer agent.
2. The invention of claim 1 wherein at least one treating chemical
is simultaneously tumbled together with the fabrics and unsoiled
transfer agent, whereby the fabrics are treated with said treating
chemical while being cleaned of soil and detergent.
3. In connection with a method of cleaning fabrics in a domestic
automatic clothes dryer of the type arranged for drying fabrics by
tumbling them in an enclosure rotatable about a nonvertical axis,
and having selectively energizable means adapted to heat and
circulate a stream of moving air through the enclosure to carry
moisture away from the fabrics, the method comprising the steps of
placing the fabrics to be cleaned into the rotatable enclosure
along with a dampening quantity of water, detergent and
polyethylene foam transfer agent, rotating the enclosure with the
air heating and circulating means deactivated whereby the fabrics,
water, detergent and transfer agent are tumbled together causing
the water, the detergent and the transfer agent to contact the
fabrics, and causing soil from the fabrics to be distributed over
the combined surface areas of the fabrics and the transfer agent,
and thereafter separating the soiled transfer agent from the
fabrics which remain in a condition of dampness whereby the fabrics
are cleaned of the soil distributed onto the transfer agent, the
improvement of a method of subsequently removing soil and detergent
left deposited on the fabrics, the method comprising the steps
of:
placing the damp fabrics into the rotatable enclosure along with a
quantity of unsoiled transfer agent, wherein the unsoiled transfer
agent comprises a polyethylene foam material having a large surface
area per unit mass;
rotating the enclosure with the air heating and circulating means
substantially deactivated whereby the fabrics and transfer agent
are tumbled together;
the tumbling causing the water and the transfer agent to contact
the fabrics, and causing soil and detergent from the fabrics to be
distributed over the combined surface areas of the fabrics and the
transfer agent; and thereafter
separating the soiled transfer agent from the fabrics, whereby the
fabrics are cleaned of the soil and detergent distributed onto the
transfer agent.
4. The invention of claim 3 wherein at least one finishing chemical
is simultaneously tumbled together with the fabrics and unsoiled
transfer agent, whereby the fabrics are treated with said treating
chemical while being cleaned of soil and detergent.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an improved fabric-treating method which
may be used to treat fabrics with postwash treating chemicals, or
to clean previously laundered fabrics of soil and detergent left
deposited thereon, or to perform a combination of these
functions.
In an application Ser. No. 879,315 filed concurrently herewith by
William J. Ehner and assigned to the assignee of the instant
invention, there is disclosed a method, hereinafter called the "dry
wash" process, for cleaning soil from fabrics, which process
employs a detergent and a quantity of water limited to that needed
to only dampen the fabrics. In this regard, the dry wash method
differs completely from previously known methods of submergence
washing wherein a submergence bath of solution is required to
loosen and carry away soil from the fabrics. By the term "dampen"
is meant a wetting of the fabrics to a condition where there is
some free water present on their surfaces during the cleaning
process. The free water should be present in an amount sufficient
to give mobility to the detergent employed in the cleaning process
so that it is distributed across all of the fabric and transfer
agent surfaces. In this regard, a quantity of water equal to 50 to
150 percent of the dry weight of the fabrics has been found to be
sufficient. In accordance with the dry wash process, oleophobic
oillike materials and particular substances of the nonorganic type
may be cleaned from the fabrics by tumbling the fabrics together
with the aforedescribed limited quantity of water, and a quantity
of detergent and transfer agent. The tumbling causes the water, the
detergent and the transfer agent to contact the fabrics, and it
causes soil from the fabrics to be distributed over the combined
surface areas of the fabrics and the transfer agent. Subsequently,
the soiled transfer agent is separated from the fabrics whereby the
fabrics are cleaned of the soil distributed onto the transfer
agent.
Additionally disclosed and claimed in the aforementioned Ehner
application is an improved automatic fabric drying machine, so
modified and improved as to permit the performance of the dry wash
process therein. It is to be noted, however, that the dry wash
process characteristically is a detergent cleaning process, and
makes no provision for the treating of fabrics with postwash
treating chemicals or the subsequent cleaning of previously
laundered fabrics so as to remove soil and detergent deposited
thereon in the previous laundering process.
It is therefore an object of my invention to provide an improved
fabric-treating method which may be used to treat fabrics with
postwash treating chemicals, or to clean previously laundered
fabrics of soil and detergent left deposited thereon, or to perform
a combination of these functions.
It is a further object of my invention to provide such a
fabric-treating method which is adapted to be carried out in the
improved apparatus of Ehner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly stated, in accordance with one aspect of the present
invention, there is provided an improved fabric treating method for
removing soil and detergent left deposited on previously laundered
fabrics, comprising the steps of tumbling together the fabrics and
a quantity of water in contact with unsoiled transfer agent wherein
the water comprises a quantity sufficient only to bring the fabrics
to a condition of dampness. The tumbling causes the water and the
transfer agent to contact the fabrics, and causes soil and
detergent from the fabrics to be distributed over the combined
surface areas of the fabrics and transfer agent. Thereafter, the
soiled transfer agent is separated from the fabrics, whereby the
fabrics are cleaned of the soil and detergent distributed onto the
transfer agent.
In accordance with another aspect of my invention, an improved
fabric-treating method is provided for treating fabrics with
postwash treating chemicals, comprising the steps of tumbling the
fabrics together with a quantity of water, treating chemical and
transfer agent, wherein the water comprises a quantity sufficient
only to bring the fabrics to a condition of dampness. The tumbling
causes the water and the treating chemical to contact the fabrics
and the transfer agent and causes the treating chemical to be
distributed over the combined surface areas of the fabrics and
transfer agent. Thereafter, the soiled transfer agent may be
separated from the fabrics, whereby a quantity of the treating
chemical is left distributed on the surfaces of the fabrics.
In accordance with still another aspect of my invention, there is
provided an improved fabric-treating method which may be used to
simultaneously clean previously laundered fabrics of soil and
detergent left deposited thereon and to treat these fabrics with
postwash treating chemicals. By this method, the fabrics are
tumbled together with a quantity of water, treating chemical and
transfer agent, wherein the water comprises a quantity sufficient
only to bring the fabrics to a condition of dampness. The tumbling
causes the water and treating chemical to contact the fabrics and
the transfer agent and causes soil and detergent from the fabrics
to be distributed over the combined surface areas of the fabrics
and transfer agent while simultaneously causing the treating
chemical to be distributed across the surfaces of the fabrics.
Subsequently, the soiled transfer agent is transferred from the
fabrics, whereby a quantity of the treating chemical is left
distributed on the surface of the fabrics and the fabrics are
cleaned of the soil and detergent distributed onto the transfer
agent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing
out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as
the invention, it is believed the invention will be better
understood from the following description of the preferred
embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a clothes dryer adapted to
clean fabrics according to the method of my invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic electric circuit diagram illustrating a
control circuit for the dryer of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a sequence control chart illustrating the positions of
the switches in the circuit of FIG. 2 during the sequence of
operation of the machine of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In accordance with one primary aspect of my invention, a new and
improved fabric treating method, hereinafter called the "dry rinse"
process, is provided for cleaning and treating fabrics. The method
of my invention may be used to treat fabrics with postwash treating
chemicals or to clean previously laundered fabrics of soil and
detergent left deposited thereon, or to perform a combination of
these functions. When used to treat fabrics with postwash treating
chemicals, the method of my invention comprises the steps of
tumbling together the fabrics and a quantity of water, treating
chemical and transfer agent wherein the water comprises a quantity
sufficient only to bring the fabrics to a condition of dampness.
The tumbling causes the water and the treating chemical to contact
the fabrics and the transfer agent and causes the treating chemical
to be distributed over the combined surface areas of the fabrics
and transfer agent. Subsequently, separation of the soiled transfer
agent from the fabrics will leave a quantity of the treating
chemical distributed over the surfaces of the fabrics. Treating
chemicals of the type contemplated for use with my process may
include fabric softeners, water repellents, bacteriostats,
bacteriocides, flame retardants, etc.
When the method of my invention is used solely to clean previously
laundered fabrics of soil and detergent, the fabrics are tumbled
together with a quantity of water and transfer agent wherein the
water comprises a quantity sufficient only to bring the fabrics to
a condition of dampness. The tumbling causes the water and transfer
agent to contact the fabrics and causes soil and detergent from the
fabrics to be distributed over the combined surface areas of the
fabrics and transfer agent. Subsequently, separation of the soil
and transfer agent from the fabrics will thereby clean the fabrics
of the soil and detergent distributed onto the transfer agent.
When the method of my invention is used to simultaneously clean
previously laundered fabrics of soil and detergent left deposited
thereon and to treat the fabrics with postwash treating chemicals,
the fabrics are tumbled together with a quantity of water, treating
chemical and transfer agent and the water supplies a quantity
sufficient only to bring the fabrics to a condition of dampness.
The tumbling causes the water and the treating chemical to contact
the fabrics and transfer agent and causes both the distribution of
the chemical across the surfaces of the fabric and the distribution
of the soil and detergent from the fabric over the combined surface
areas of the fabrics and transfer agent. Subsequent separation of
the soil and transfer agent from the fabrics will leave a quantity
of the treating chemical distributed over the surfaces of the
fabrics and will clean the fabrics of the soil and detergent
distributed onto the transfer agent. It will be seen that this use
of my method is substantially similar to the above-described
fabric-treating process except that the fabrics being treated are
initially in a somewhat soiled condition, which condition is
additionally alleviated by the process here described.
It will be realized that my improved dry rinse method of treating
and cleaning fabrics does not utilize the water as a carrier to
pick up and hold soil and detergent from the fabrics and
subsequently carry these substances to drain. Rather, the dry rinse
method of my invention utilizes the water to dampen the fabrics, to
wet and loosen soil and detergent, and to give mobility to the
treating chemical thereby permitting a thorough distribution of the
soil and detergent to be effected over the combined surface areas
of the fabrics and transfer agent, and to permit a thorough
distribution of the treating chemical onto the surfaces of the
fabrics.
The quantity of water employed in my dry rinse process is ideally a
quantity sufficient only to bring the fabrics to a condition of
dampness. It will be recognized that the fabrics may already be in
a condition of dampness from having been previously laundered,
hence no water may need to be added. In other instances, a quantity
of water must be added to bring the fabrics to a condition of
dampness. By the term "dampen," I mean a wetting of the fabrics to
a condition where there is some free water present on their
surfaces during the cleaning or treating process. The free water
should be present in an amount sufficient to give mobility to the
treating chemical employed or to the soil and detergent to be
removed, so that it may be distributed across the surfaces of the
fabrics and transfer agent. A total quantity of water between 50
and 150 percent of the dry weight of the fabrics has been found
acceptable in most instances.
A number of materials may be utilized as transfer agents, it being
primarily desirable, as set out in the aforementioned Ehner
application, that the material employed have a relatively high
surface area per unit mass and that it have a compatible affinity
for the soil to be cleaned from the fabrics such that the soil can
be picked up by the transfer agent. Furthermore, the transfer agent
may be either reusable or throwaway as convenience may dictate.
Obviously, if the transfer agent is sufficiently inexpensive to be
disposed of after a single use, the problem of purging the transfer
agent of soil and detergent deposited thereon is obviated. It may
also be desirable for the transfer agent to lend itself to
automatic separation, whereby the complete dry rinse process may be
performed automatically and may also be performed automatically in
sequence with other fabric-laundering cycles such as the dry wash
process.
Materials which have been successfully tested as transfer agents
are terrycloth swatches, foamed rubber and foamed plastic blocks
and particles of various configurations, sponges and the like. A
transfer agent which appears to have particularly advantageous use
in connection with the dry wash and dry rinse processes is
polyethylene foam, as taught in two applications assigned to the
assignee of the instant invention and filed concurrently herewith,
Ser. No. 879,033 by L. A. DePas and Ser. No. 879,034 by B. D.
Henderson. As pointed out in the DePas and Henderson applications,
polyethylene foam has the advantage of being heat shrinkable,
whereby the soiled transfer agent, once separated from the fabrics,
may be significantly reduced in volume by heat shrinking to
facilitate its disposal. In connection with a 3-pound load of
cotton fabrics, for instance, one-eighth pound of polyethylene
cubes measuring one-quarter inch on each side have been used
successfully with 3 pints of water. By volume, this quantity of
transfer agent may be better visualized as approximately 2 quarts
of small, resilient foamed cubes.
The method of my invention is particularly adapted for use in an
improved domestic automatic clothes dryer of the type disclosed and
claimed in the aforementioned Ehner application. Such an improved
clothes dryer particularly features selectively energizable means
adapted to heat and circulates a stream of moving air through the
enclosure to carry away moisture from the fabrics. To better enable
one skilled in the art to understand the method of my invention,
such an improved automatic clothes-drying machine is described
below.
Referring to the drawings, and initially to FIG. 1 thereof, there
is illustrated a domestic automatic clothes dryer 10 including an
appearance and protective outer cabinet 11 having a door or closure
12 to provide access to the interior of the cabinet for loading and
unloading fabrics. Provided on the top 13 of cabinet 11 is a
control panel 14 which may, in a conventional way, include a
suitable manual control 15 connected to a control assembly 16
mounted in the panel 14. By manual setting of control 15, the
machine may be caused to start and automatically proceed through a
cycle of operation.
Within cabinet 11, there is provided a clothes-tumbling enclosure
or drum 17 mounted for rotation on a substantially horizontal axis.
Drum 17 is substantially cylindrical in shape, having a center
cylindrical wall portion 18, and outer cylindrical wall portions 19
and 20, located respectively adjacent an annular front wall 21 and
a circular rear wall 22 of the drum. Wall portions 18, 19, 20 are
substantially imperforate to enable the drum or enclosure 17 to
hold a depth of approximately 1 inch of liquid. On the interior
surface of wall portion 18 there are a plurality of
clothes-tumbling rubs 23 so that clothes are lifted up when the
drum rotates, and then permitted to tumble back down to the bottom
of the drum. The front of the drum 17 may be rotatably supported
within outer casing 11 by suitable idler wheels, one of which is
indicated by the numeral 24. These wheels are rotatably secured to
the top of the member 25 which extends up from the base 26 of the
machine. The wheels 24 are disposed beneath the drum, in contact
with portion 19, so as to support the portion 19 on each side to
provide a stable support.
The rear end of drum 17 receives its support by means of a stub
shaft 27 extending from the center of wall 22. Shaft 27 is secured
within a bearing 28 formed in a baffle structure 29 which, in turn,
is rigidly secured to the backwall 30 of the cabinet 11 by any
suitable means such as welding at a number of points 31. With the
arrangement shown the drum may rotate on a horizontal axis, with
rollers 24 providing the front support and stub shaft 27 within
bearing 28 providing the rear support.
In order to provide for the flow of a stream of drying air through
the clothes drum, it is provided with a central aperture or opening
32 in the front wall 21 and a plurality of perforations 33 in the
rear wall 22. The perforations 33 in the present case are formed to
extend around the rear wall in the annulus. The opening 32 is in
alignment with the opening in cabinet 11 covered by door 12, and
thus serves a dual purpose in that it also provides access to drum
17 for loading and unloading fabrics.
As has been stated, baffle structure 29 is rigidly secured to the
backwall 30 of cabinet 11. Baffle structure 29 also serves to
support heating means 34 which includes two resistance-type
electrical heating elements 35 and 36, appropriately insulated from
the baffle member. Elements 35 and 36 may be annular in shape so as
to be generally coextensive with perforations 33 in drum 17. A
baffle member 37 is rigidly secured to the rear wall 22 of the drum
17 outside the ring of perforations 33 and within the stationary
baffle structure 29, so that an annular air inlet 38 is defined by
baffles 29 and 37. In this manner a passage is formed for air to
enter air inlet 38 between the baffles, pass over the heating means
34, and then pass through centrally located openings 39 formed in
baffle 37 and perforations 33 into the interior of drum 17.
The front opening 32 of the drum is substantially closed by means
of a stationary bulkhead generally indicated by numeral 40.
Bulkhead 40 is made up of a number of adjacent members including
the inner surface 41 of the access door 12, a stationary frame 42
formed as a flange on front wall 43 of the cabinet, the inner
surface of an exhaust duct formed by the cooperation of member 44
and the front wall 43 of the cabinet, and an annular flange 45
mounted on the frame 42 of the front wall 43. It will be noted that
a suitable clearance is provided between the inner edge of aperture
32 and the edge of bulkhead 40 so that there is no rubbing between
the drum and the bulkhead during rotation of the drum. In order to
prevent substantial air leakage through the aperture 32, a suitable
ring seal 46 is secured to the flange 45 in sealing relationship
with the exterior surface of the drum wall 21. Door 12, whose inner
surface forms part of the bulkhead closing the opening, is mounted
on cabinet 11 so that when the door is opened fabrics may be
inserted into and removed from the drum through the door frame 42.
It will be noted that the door includes an outer, flat imperforate
section 47 and an inwardly extending hollow section 48, mounted on
the flat outer section. Hollow section 48 extends into the door
frame 42 when the door is closed, and the door surface 41 which
comprises part of the combination bulkhead 40 is actually the inner
wall of the hollow section.
The air outlet from the drum is provided by a perforated opening 49
formed in the inner wall 41 of hollow door section 48. The bottom
wall section of door 12 and the adjacent wall of door frame 42 are
provided with aligned openings 50 and 51, opening 51 providing an
entrance to a duct 52 formed by the cooperation of member 44 with
front wall 43. A lint trap 53 may be positioned in the exhaust duct
52 within opening 51 and supported by the door frame 42. Duct 52
leads downwardly and communicates with a housing 54. Housing 54
contains a blower 55 driven by motor 56 through clutch 57. The
blower draws heated air through the duct 53 and then exhausts it
from the cabinet 11 through an appropriate duct (not shown).
In addition to driving the blower, motor 56 constitutes the means
for effecting rotation of drum 17. In order to effect this
rotation, motor 56 is provided with a shaft 58 having a small
pulley 59 formed at one end thereof. A belt 60 extends around the
pulley 59 and also entirely around the wall section 18 of drum 17.
The relative circumferences of the pulley 59 and the wall section
18 cause the drum to be driven by the motor at a speed suitable to
effect tumbling of fabrics in the drum. In order to effect proper
tensioning of the belt 60, a suitable idler assembly 61 is secured
to the same support 62 which supports one end of the motor. Thus,
air is pulled through the drum and, at the same time, the fabrics
within the drum are tumbled. When the air passing through the drum
causes vaporization of the moisture from the clothes, the vapor is
carried off with the air as it passes out of the machine.
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a schematic electric
circuit diagram illustrating a basic or simplified control
arrangement for the dryer of FIG. 1. It will be understood that
many refinements such as temperature selection means,
multiple-cycle selection means, and fabric temperature or
resistance responsive control means for automatically concluding
the operation of the dryer, etc., have not been shown in the
circuit of FIG. 2 for the sake of simplicity. As shown, the entire
control system of the machine may be energized across a three-wire
power supply system which includes supply conductors 63 and 64 and
a neutral conductor 65. For domestic use, conductors 63 and 64 will
normally be connected across a 230-volt power supply, with 115
volts appearing between the neutral line 65 and each of the
conductors, and with the neutral line being at ground voltage.
Motor 56, connected between conductors 63 and 65, is a single-phase
induction motor having a main winding 66 and a start winding 67,
both connected at a common end to a conductor 68. Through a
conventional door switch 69 (which is closed when door 12 is closed
and open when the door is open) conductor 68 is connected to
conductor 65.
Start winding 67 is connected in parallel with main winding 66
under the control of a speed responsive device such as that shown
at 70, which is schematically shown as connected to rotor 71 of the
motor. The speed responsive device 70 controls a switch 72 which is
engageable with either a contact 73 or a contact 74. Switch 72 is
engaged with contact 73 when the machine is at rest, and moves into
engagement with contact 74 as the motor comes up to speed. It can
rely be seen that engagement with contact 73 connects the start
winding 67 in parallel with main winding 66, while movement of
switch 72 away from this position opens the start winding. Thus, as
rotor 71 comes up to speed, the start winding becomes deenergized
and the motor then continues to run on the main winding 66
alone.
The starting of the motor is provided by a manually operable switch
75 which may, for instance, in the structure of FIG. 1, be moved to
its closed position by depressing manual control 15. Switch 75
connects the motor to supply conductor 63 through contact 76 of a
switch 77. The switch 75 is normally biased to the open position as
shown in FIG. 2. When control 15 is depressed, assuming contacts 76
and 77 are closed, energization of the motor 56 is provided and,
within less than a second under normal circumstances, the motor
comes up to speed so that switch 72 moves from contact 73 to
contact 74. As a result of this movement of centrifugally operated
switch 72, the main winding 66 of motor 56 continues to be
energized by a bypass around switch 75 when control 15 is released
thus opening switch 75.
The switch 77 is controlled by a cam 78 which, in turn, is
controlled by a timer motor 79 of the shutoff or timing control
means. The cam 78 and timer motor 79 also are connected to manual
control 15 so that rotation of the manual control causes the cam to
rotate and close switch 77. Thereafter, the cam 78 is controlled by
the timer motor 79 and, after a predetermined period of operation
of the timer motor, the cam is effective to cause switch 77 to be
opened for terminating or interrupting the operation of the
machine.
An energizing circuit is also completed for heating means 34
through the following circuit. Starting at conductor 63, the
circuit proceeds through a switch 80 and a dryness sensing
thermostat 81 to the heater 34, and then through a conventional
safety thermostat 82, and through switches 83 and 84 to conductor
64. Switch 80 is controlled by a cam 85 which, in turn, is
controlled by timer motor 79. Switch 83 is controlled by a solenoid
86 and is normally closed when solenoid 86 is not energized. Switch
84 is centrifugally responsive to the speed of rotor 71 and is
closed only when motor 56 has come up to speed so that there can be
no energization of the heating means 34 except when motor 56 is
operating properly. Thermostat 81 is positioned so as to sense the
temperature of the fabrics within drum 17, or a temperature which
varies substantially directly with the clothes temperature. When
the clothes are at a temperature which indicates dryness,
thermostat 81 will open, deenergizing heater 34.
With the possible exception that the wall portions 18, 19 and 20 of
drum 17 are imperforate, the foregoing description substantially
sets forth the configuration and arrangement of known domestic
automatic dryers.
In order to carry out either the dry rinse method of my invention
or the dry wash process taught by Ehner in the machine of FIG. 1,
it is necessary that the means provided therein for heating and
circulating air through the enclosure be selectively energizable.
It is to be understood that during the dry rinse cleaning cycle, it
is desirable to deenergize or to substantially deactivate both the
air-heating and air-circulating means, so as to prevent undesired
evaporation of the limited amount of water used to wet the fabrics.
Therefore control means are provided which are adapted to
substantially disable the air-circulating means or blower 55 and
the heating means 34 so as to selectively permit the rotation of
the drum or enclosure 17 with or without the flow of heated air
therethrough. Such control means, in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and
2, comprises solenoid 86 connected on one side to neutral conductor
65, and on the other side through a switch 87 to conductor 63. The
switch 87 is controlled by a cam 88 which, in turn, is controlled
by timer motor 79. Solenoid 86 operates an armature 89 which, when
solenoid 86 is energized, disconnects motor 56 from blower 55 by
means of clutch 57, and which simultaneously opens switch 83. Thus,
when solenoid 86 is energized, blower 55 and heating means 34 are
deenergized.
As many best be seen in FIG. 1, clutch 57 comprises two
frictionally engageable members 90 and 91, member 90 being
connected to output shaft 58 of motor 56, and member 91 being
connected to blower 55. Members 90 and 91 are normally held in
driving engagement by means of compression spring 92. However, when
armature 89 is moved inwardly of solenoid 86 by energization of
solenoid 86, lever 93 pivoted at 94 and attached to armature 89 by
link 95 operates to move member 90 out of engagement with member
91, thereby disengaging blower 55 from motor 56.
In operation, the machine of FIG. 1 may be programmed to perform
the entire cleaning and carrier separation functions of the dry
wash and dry rinse processes, as well as a normal drying function,
or separate ones of such functions. Cams 85 and 88 may be so
designed such that during the cleaning function, switch 87 is
closed causing solenoid 86 to deenergize blower 55 and heating
means 34, while during the drying operation, switch 87 is open and
switch 80 is closed. By this arrangement, as may be better seen in
FIG. 3, the blower 55 is deenergized during cleaning but operates
continuously during drying, while the heating means 34 is
deenergized during cleaning and selectively energized during drying
under the control of sensing means 81.
In order to perform the dry rinse process of my invention in the
machine of FIG. 1, the fabrics to be cleaned or treated are placed
into drum 17 along with the aforedescribed quantity of water and
transfer agent. A treating chemical is additionally placed within
the drum if it is desired to perform a postwash treating function.
Control 15 is then moved to initiate operation of the machine in
the dry rinse mode wherein heating means 34 and blower 55 are
substantially deactivated during the rotation of drum 17. The
fabrics, water, treating chemical and transfer agent are thereby
tumbled together causing soil and detergent from the fabrics to be
distributed over the combined surface areas of the fabrics and
transfer agent, and causing the treating chemicals to be
distributed over the surfaces of the fabrics as previously
described. Following this tumbling operation, separation of the
transfer agent may be accomplished automatically during the initial
portion of the drying operation. By way of illustration, if the
transfer agent being used is 1/4-inch cubes of polyethylene foam,
such cubes are sufficiently buoyant to be carried out of drum 17 by
the initiation of air circulation therethrough, whereafter such
cubes may be caught in lint trap 53 or the like. In the
alternative, such separation may be performed manually between the
cleaning and drying operation.
From the foregoing, it should now be apparent that the method of my
invention provides a new and improved process for treating and
cleaning fabrics through tumbling contact with a transfer agent
which causes distribution of the soil and detergent onto the
combined surface areas of the transfer agent and the fabrics, and
which may also be used to distribute a postwash chemical treating
agent onto the fabrics. By such a method, the fabrics may be
cleaned of the soil and detergent deposited onto the transfer agent
by separating the transfer agent from the fabrics at the end of the
tumbling operation.
As will be evident from the foregoing description, certain aspects
of the invention are not limited to the particular details of the
examples illustrated, and it is contemplated that other
modifications or applications will appear to those skilled in the
art. It is, therefore, intended that the appended claims cover such
modifications and applications as do not depart from the true
spirit and scope of the invention.
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