U.S. patent number 3,646,817 [Application Number 04/864,280] was granted by the patent office on 1972-03-07 for pipette.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Bio-Dynamics, Inc.. Invention is credited to Gerald V. Hinchman, William D. Schmitz, James L. Sommerville.
United States Patent |
3,646,817 |
Hinchman , et al. |
March 7, 1972 |
PIPETTE
Abstract
A pipette pump having two pistons therein with a smaller one of
said pistons telescoped and movable within a larger of said
pistons. The pistons are normally held in projected position by a
pair of springs one of which is much stronger than the other so
that the larger piston against which it acts is depressed after the
smaller piston. The travel of each piston is adjustable and the
pistons are both depressed by depressing a cap which is fixed to
the smaller piston.
Inventors: |
Hinchman; Gerald V.
(Indianapolis, IN), Sommerville; James L. (Indianapolis,
IN), Schmitz; William D. (Indianapolis, IN) |
Assignee: |
Bio-Dynamics, Inc.
(Indianapolis, IN)
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Family
ID: |
52596254 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/864,280 |
Filed: |
September 30, 1969 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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770663 |
Oct 25, 1968 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
73/864.17;
422/510; 73/864.18; 422/932 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01L
3/0217 (20130101); G01N 1/14 (20130101); B01L
3/0224 (20130101); B01L 2200/0689 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C01B
17/90 (20060101); C01B 17/00 (20060101); A47G
23/00 (20060101); A47G 23/02 (20060101); A61B
5/145 (20060101); A61B 5/15 (20060101); A61M
1/00 (20060101); B01L 9/00 (20060101); B01L
3/02 (20060101); A61M 5/34 (20060101); B01L
9/06 (20060101); A61M 5/315 (20060101); G01N
33/49 (20060101); G01N 33/487 (20060101); G01N
33/483 (20060101); G01n 001/19 (); B01l
003/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;73/425.6 ;141/24-27
;128/233,223 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Prince; Louis R.
Assistant Examiner: Henry, II; William A.
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.
770,663, filed Oct. 25, 1968 now abandoned.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. In a pipette pump, a housing having a chamber therein, said
chamber having an opening communicating with atmosphere and through
which air is expelled for pumping, a piston reciprocably mounted on
said housing for movement in a direction into and out of said
chamber, an O-ring of flexible resilient material, said piston
being slidable through said O-ring means mounting said O-ring on
said housing and squeezing the O-ring in sealing engagement with
said piston, said piston including a rigid member having a sleeve
thereon of extruded fluorocarbon, said sleeve being slidable
through said O-ring and in sealing engagement against said O-ring,
said sleeve having a constant external cross section taken
perpendicularly to its direction of movement into and out of said
chamber whereby said sleeve maintains its sealing engagement
against said O-ring as said piston is moved into and out of said
chamber.
2. A pipette pump comprising a housing, said housing having a
chamber therein, said chamber having an opening communicating with
atmosphere and through which air is expelled for pumping, a first
piston reciprocably mounted on said housing for movement into and
out of said chamber, and a second piston reciprocably mounted on
said first piston for movement into and out of said chamber.
3. The pipette pump of claim 2 additionally comprising a first
spring acting between said housing and said first piston, a second
spring acting between said first piston and said second piston, one
of said springs having a substantially different spring rate than
the other of said springs whereby depressing of said second piston
flexes one of said springs prior to flexing the other of said
springs.
4. The pipette pump of claim 2 additionally comprising a first
spring acting between said housing and said first piston, a second
spring acting between said first piston and said second piston,
said second piston being slidable inside of said first piston, stop
means mounted on said housing for said first and second pistons,
said first spring yieldably retaining said first piston against
said stop means, said second spring yieldably retaining said second
piston against said stop means, said second piston being movable
through a given travel in said first piston and engageable with
said first piston to move said first piston through a given travel
in said housing, said second spring having a substantially less
spring rate than said first spring whereby said second piston must
move through its entire travel in said first piston before said
first piston moves through its travel in said housing.
5. The pipette pump of claim 4 additionally comprising a first
O-ring sealingly mounted on said housing, said first piston being
slidable through said first O-ring and sealing against said first
O-ring, a second O-ring sealingly mounted on said first piston,
said second piston being slidable through said second O-ring and
sealing against said second O-ring.
6. The pipette pump of claim 5 additionally comprising a cap
threadedly secured to said second piston and slidable in said
housing, said cap projecting from said housing and providing means
for depressing said pistons.
7. The pipette pump of claim 6 additionally comprising means for
adjusting the travel of said second piston in said first piston,
said means for adjusting including an annular member threaded onto
the exterior of said second piston and engageable with said first
piston, and means for adjusting the travel of both of said pistons
in said housing, said last-mentioned means including an externally
threaded member threadedly received and threadedly adjustable
within said second piston and engageable with said first stop
means.
8. The pipette pump of claim 6 wherein said cap has a scale thereon
and said housing has an indicator marker thereon, said cap being
rotatable on said second piston to vary the extent to which said
cap is threaded on said second piston, said cap being positioned to
engage said second piston when said second piston has moved through
its entire travel in said first piston whereupon said cap can move
said first piston against the urging of said first spring.
9. The pipette pump of claim 2 additionally comprising a first
O-ring sealingly mounted on said housing, said first piston being
slidable through said first O-ring and sealing against said first
O-ring, a second O-ring sealingly mounted on said first piston,
said second piston being slidable through said second O-ring and
sealing against said second O-ring.
10. The pump of claim 9 wherein said first piston includes a rigid
member having a sleeve thereon of extruded fluorocarbon and wherein
said second piston includes a rigid member having a sleeve thereon
of extruded fluorocarbon, each of said sleeves being slidable
through a respective one of said O-rings and sealing against its
respective O-ring.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a pipette pump.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Various types of pipettes are used for medical testing and the
like. For many years glass pipettes have been known and available.
Such pipettes are emptied by the use of the finger or the mouth. In
more recent years plastic pipettes of predetermined volume capacity
have come into widespread use. The latter type of pipette in many
cases is more convenient to use than the former and also is
disposable. It is desirable, however, to provide a pipette which is
less expensive, more accurate and more convenient to use. A
representative grouping of prior art might include: U.S. Pat. Nos.
2,902,035 to Hartley; 3,062,056 to Wicoff; and 3,290,946 to
Pursell.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an improved pipette pump for use with
disposable pipettes. It may include a housing having a chamber
therein, said chamber having an opening communicating with
atmosphere and through which air is expelled for pumping, a piston
reciprocably mounted on said housing for movement into and out of
said chamber, and an O-ring sealingly mounted on said housing, said
piston being slidable through said O-ring and sealing against said
O-ring.
One object of the invention is to provide an improved pipette
pump.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved
pipette.
Another object of the invention is to provide a pipette which is
less expensive, more accurate and more convenient to use than
existing pipette pumps and to provide a pipette which is easy to
adjust with regard to liquid dispensed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a section taken axially and longitudinally of the pipette
pump of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail view similar to FIG. 1 and showing
certain of the parts illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 3 and 4 are enlarged axial sectional views of disposable
pipette tips usable with the pipette pump of the present
invention;
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary section similar to FIG. 1 of an alternative
form of the pipette pump; and
FIGS. 6 and 7 are fragmentary side elevational views of the
structure illustrated in section in FIG. 5 showing views of the
structure in generally the same operating position but with the cap
in FIG. 6 being rotated 180.degree. about its axis relative to its
position in FIG. 7 so as to show the scales on the opposite sides
of the cap.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now more particularly to the drawings, there is
illustrated a pipette pump 10 which includes a housing 11, a large
piston 12 slidably received and telescoped with the housing 11 and
a small piston 13 slidably received and telescoped within the large
piston 12. A cap 15 having internal threads 14 is threadedly
attached to the small piston 13. The housing 11 has a chamber 16
formed therein, said chamber communicating with a passage 17 which
extends through a tip mount or projection 20. The projection 20
functions to mount a pipette tip 79 or 80 (FIGS. 3 and 4) which
fits over the projection 20 and which in the case of pipette 80
abuts the radially extending surface 21 adjacent thereto. The tip
mount 20 has an outwardly opening recess 22 therein which receives
an O-ring 25. The O-ring 25, which may be formed of rubber or other
suitable sealing material, assists in providing a sealed connection
to the pipette tip so that no leakage occurs between the tip mount
20 and the pipette tip.
The large piston 12 includes a cylindrical portion 26 which is
externally covered by an extruded sleeve 27 of a fluorocarbon resin
such as Teflon fixedly secured to the cylindrical portion 26. The
Teflon sleeve 27 sealingly engages an O-ring 30 which is seated
within a recess 31. The Teflon material is slick and thus easily
slides against the O-ring 30. The base and one wall of the recess
31 are formed by the housing 11. The other wall of the recess 31 is
formed by a lower retainer 32 which squeezes against the O-ring 30
and causes it to sealingly engage the Teflon sleeve 27. The small
piston 13 includes a cylindrical rod 35 fixedly embedded within the
main body of the piston 13. The rod 35 has an extruded fluorocarbon
sleeve 36 such as Teflon fixedly received thereon. The Teflon
sleeve 36 slidably engages the O-ring 37 which is squeezed into
sealing engagement with the sleeve 36 by means of the retainer 40
in the same fashion that the retainer 32 squeezes the O-ring 30
into sealing engagement with the sleeve 27. Both O-rings 30 and 37
are formed of rubber or other suitable sealing material. It has
been found that the above mentioned extruded Teflon sleeves can be
moved through their O-rings many hundreds of thousands of times
without appreciable wear.
A compression spring 41 is received about the large piston 12 and
bears against the radially extending abutment surface 42 of the
large piston and also bears against the retainer 32. The spring 41
functions to hold the large piston 12 against a stop pin 45 which
extends completely through the housing 11. The large piston 12 has
a pair of slots 46 therein which define the limits of movement of
the large piston inside the housing 11. The large piston is shown
in its projected position, that is, with the spring 41 in its most
extended position and holding the large piston 12 with the ends 47
of the slots 46 against the pin 45. The opposite ends 50 of the
slots 46 define the other limit of travel of the large piston
12.
The limits of travel of the small piston 13 are in some cases also
determined by the pin 45 which extends through a pair of slots 55
in the opposite sidewalls of the small piston 13. Thus the slots 55
have ends 56 which are shown in engagement with the pin 45 and
which determine the limit of projection of the small piston 13. The
slots 55 also have ends 57 which determine the maximum amount of
depression of the small piston 13. Received between the small
piston and the retainer 40 is a further compression spring 60. The
compression spring 60 acts against an abutment surface 61 on the
retainer 40 and also acts against an abutment surface 62 on the
small piston 13. The spring 41 is substantially stronger than the
spring 60 and is also under a certain amount of precompression when
in the illustrated position of the figure. The relative strengths
of the springs and the precompression are such that the spring 60
is fully compressed before any compression is effected or any
additional compression is effected in the spring 41.
Threadedly received upon the external threaded surface of the small
piston 13 is an annular small piston adjustment member 70. The
small piston adjustment member 70 can be threaded rightwardly as
shown in the drawing to a position closer to the large piston. As
shown in the drawing, the annular member 70 is near its most
leftwardly adjusted position. In operation, the cap 15 is forced or
pressed rightwardly into the housing 11 and the small piston 13
moves rightwardly compressing the spring 60 until such time as the
annular member 70 contacts the abutment surface 71 of the large
piston 12. At this time, the operator experiences a substantial
stop action. Further greater pressure exerted upon the cap 15
toward depressing the cap into the housing causes the spring 41 to
be compressed and causes the large piston to be moved rightwardly
until the member 75 contacts the pin 45. The member 75 is the large
piston adjustment member. The member 75 is externally threaded and
can be adjusted to any desired position within the internal threads
78 of the small piston 13 by means of an Allen head screwdriver
being received within the Allen head recess 76 in the member
75.
In operation the present device contains all of the liquid within
the pipette tip 79 or 80. In order to attach the pipette tip to the
tip mount 20, the O-ring 25 should be lubricated with silicon
grease. The tip is then placed on the tip mount 20 by using a
general pushing and turning motion so that the recess 81 or 82
seats on the O-ring 25. In order to dispense a small volume, the
cap 15 is depressed until the first stop is felt. As suggested
above this first stop occurs when the small piston adjustment 70
engages the abutment 71 on the leftward end of the large piston 12.
The operator should not push the cap rightwardly past this point.
Next the disposable tip is placed into the liquid in a container
(not shown) and retained there while slowly allowing the cap to
return to the original illustrated position. The liquid in the
container will thereby be transferred into the disposable tip.
In order to dispense the liquid once it has been so drawn into the
disposable tip, the cap is again slowly depressed to the first stop
position. The cap is held in that position for approximately one
second and then the operator continues to depress the cap at a
moderate rate until the second stop is felt. As suggested above the
second stop will be felt when the member 75 contacts the pin 45.
This procedure will dispense the small volume for which the pipette
was calibrated. Calibration of the pipette for a specific volume
is, of course, effected by adjusting the position of the small
piston adjustment member 70 by screwing the member rightwardly or
leftwardly on the small piston 13. This may be effected by a
spanner wrench.
In order to obtain and dispense a large volume of liquid, the cap
is depressed until the second stop is felt. As mentioned, this
occurs when the member 75 contacts the pin 45. The disposable tip
is then placed into the liquid and the cap is slowly allowed to
return to the illustrated position. The liquid is then dispensed by
depressing the cap at a moderate speed until the second stop is
reached. The operator should completely depress the cap until the
second stop is reached without hesitation at the first stop.
Referring now to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 there is illustrated an
alternative form of the invention which is generally identical to
the embodiment of FIG. 1 except that the cap 100 has a threaded
recess 101 formed therein which is much deeper than the recess in
the embodiment of FIG. 1. The adjustment member 70 is eliminated so
that the cap 100 instead contacts the abutment surface 102 of the
large piston 105. The position of the cap on the small piston 106
is adjustable by rotation of the cap on the small piston so that
the threads 107 move the cap rightwardly or leftwardly relative to
the abutment surface 102. The size of the Teflon covered rod
corresponding to rod 35 is selected so as to cause one complete
360.degree. rotation of the handle 100 relative to the small piston
to produce a change in dispensed volume of a given amount.
Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be seen that housing 110 has an
indicator mark 111 thereon. Also the cap 100 has two scales 112 and
115 thereon which are located 180.degree. from one another and
which include markings which are intermediate of one another in the
axial direction. The indicator mark 111 and the scales 112 and 115
indicate a particular reading when the edge 116 is flush with a
particular mark in the scale and when the mark 111 extends
perpendicularly from the middle of the particular mark.
It will be noted from the above description that the present
invention provides a pipette pump which is less expensive. This is
true because the disposable portion of the device includes only the
tip and not the complete pump. The pump can be used repeatedly and
will have a long service life. It will also be evident from the
above description that the present invention is more accurate and
more convenient to use than existing pipette arrangements.
* * * * *