U.S. patent number 3,645,176 [Application Number 04/856,735] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-29 for sealing member.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Acme Highway Products Corporation. Invention is credited to William J. Berchou.
United States Patent |
3,645,176 |
Berchou |
February 29, 1972 |
SEALING MEMBER
Abstract
An elongated resilient sealing member for use in an expansion
joint comprising a top wall, a bottom wall and opposite sidewalls
forming a tubular structure. The interior of the tubular structure
is provided with a truss construction including a pair of
intersecting crossbars extending from the top wall downwardly at an
angle to either the intersections of the bottom wall with the
sidewalls or to the bottom wall at points below such intersections.
A pair of short bars extend downwardly at an angle, from the
opposite sidewalls to the intersecting crossbars. These short bars
in conjunction with the intersecting crossbars urge the bottom wall
portions of the sealing member against adjoining support surfaces
during compression to increase the interfacial surface contact area
of the sealing member with such support surfaces.
Inventors: |
Berchou; William J. (Buffalo,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Acme Highway Products
Corporation (Buffalo, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25324383 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/856,735 |
Filed: |
September 10, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
404/64 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01D
19/06 (20130101); E01C 11/106 (20130101); E04B
1/6803 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E01D
19/06 (20060101); E01D 19/00 (20060101); E04B
1/68 (20060101); E01C 11/10 (20060101); E01C
11/02 (20060101); E01c 011/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;94/18 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nackenoff; Jacob L.
Claims
I claim:
1. A sealing member comprising: an elastic body of resiliently
yieldable material having a generally V-shaped top wall, a V-shaped
bottom wall and a pair of opposite sidewalls formed integral with
said top and bottom walls forming a tubular structure; an internal
truss structure formed integral with said body and disposed within
said tubular structure; said internal truss structure being
effective to exert laterally outwardly directed forces against
portions of said bottom wall to urge said bottom wall portions
laterally outwardly for increasing the interfacial surface contact
area of said sealing member at opposite sides thereof during
compression; said top wall comprising at least a pair of sloping
portions extending from said sidewalls downwardly in a converging
relation and meeting at an apex juncture; said bottom wall
comprising a pair of sloping portions extending from said sidewalls
downwardly in a converging relation and meeting at a common
juncture to form an apex; said internal truss structure including a
pair of intersecting crossbars, each extending from the region of
the juncture between a sidewall and said bottom wall upwardly at an
angle to the opposite top wall sloping portion; said crossbars
intersecting intermediate the opposite ends thereof; and an
intermediate wall extending vertically from the intersection of
said intersecting crossbars to said bottom wall apex whereby said
bottom wall apex is restrained against excessive downward movement
during compression to facilitate lateral outward movement of said
bottom wall portions.
2. A sealing member according to claim 1 wherein said sidewalls
join said bottom wall at curved junctures.
3. A sealing member according to claim 1 wherein said intersecting
crossbars join the lower portions of said sealing member at the
junctures of said bottom wall with said sidewalls.
4. A sealing member according to claim 1 wherein said intersecting
crossbars join the lower portions of said sealing member at said
bottom wall below the junctures of said bottom wall with said
sidewalls.
5. A sealing member according to claim 1 wherein said sidewalls are
inclined downwardly in a converging relation.
6. A sealing member according to claim 1 including a pair of short
bars extending downwardly from said sidewalls at an angle in
converging relation to the lower portions of said intersecting
crossbars.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to sealing members and, more particularly,
to sealing members employed in expansion joints which are disposed
in grooves formed between pavement blocks or slabs.
In the construction of highways, bridges, sidewalks, architectural
concourses and the like in which pavement slabs of concrete or
other building materials are used, provision must be made for the
expansion and contraction of such slabs due to variations in
temperature. Conventionally, grooves are provided between adjacent
slabs to accommodate the expansion and contraction thereof. Such
grooves are sealed to preclude the entry of liquids and solid
materials therein and to prevent such foreign matter from passing
through the grooves beneath the pavement. These grooves often are
sealed by means of hollow, resilient, elastic strips which can be
compressed when the groove is contracted due to expansion of the
pavement material and which expand to seal the groove when the same
is expanded due to contraction of the pavement material.
These known seals have generally planar vertical sidewall surfaces
which are fixed in depth in accordance with a depth to width ratio
established from long term field experience and repeated condition
surveys of seal performance. This fixed depth of sidewall surface
contact remains substantially constant during use of the sealing
strip an expansion joint regardless of contraction or expansion of
the same. Of course, the sidewalls of the sealing strip can be of
any desired depth prior to insertion in the expansion joint.
However, an increase in depth means additional sidewall material
and additional support structure for maintaining the sidewalls in
their proper orientation in use, thereby adding considerably to the
costs of such sealing strips.
summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
sealing member having an area of sidewall interfacial surface
contact which increases during compression of the sealing
member.
It is another object of this invention to provide the foregoing
sealing member with a novel internal truss structure for
translating compressive forces into lateral forces urging portions
of the bottom wall of the sealing member into interfacial surface
contact with adjoining slab surfaces.
It a further object of the present invention to provide a sealing
member having a simple and novel internal truss structure for
increasing the effective sealing contact of the sealing member
during compression without a corresponding increase in materials or
internal support structure.
Generally speaking, the sealing member of the present invention, as
hereinafter described, comprises a pair of sidewalls, a top wall
and a bottom wall forming a tubular structure. Interconnected
crossbars are provided within the confines of the walls and are
formed integral therewith to form an internal truss structure of a
relatively simple design effective upon compression of the sealing
member to exert laterally outwardly directed pressures against
portions of the bottom wall for urging the same laterally against
adjoining sidewall support surfaces.
The foregoing and other objects, advantages and characterizing
features of the present invention will become clearly apparent from
the ensuing detailed description of an illustrative embodiment
thereof, taken together with the accompanying drawing wherein like
reference numerals denote like parts throughout the various
views.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES
FIG. 1 is a perspective, transverse sectional view of a sealing
member of the present invention, broken away to indicate an
indeterminate length, and shown inserted in a groove formed between
adjacent pavement slabs;
FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the sealing member of FIG.
1, showing the sealing member in a further compressed state;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the sealing member
of FIG. 1 in a still further compressed state; and
FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view of a modified sealing member
of this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF AN ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENT
Referring now in detail to the drawing, there is shown in FIG. 1 an
expansion joint comprising an elongated, resiliently yieldable
sealing member, generally designated 10, disposed in a groove
defined between opposed faces 12 of adjacent pavement slabs 14.
Sealing member 10 is shown in a slightly compressed state just
after being inserted between pavement slabs 14. The insertion of
sealing member 10 into the groove between slabs 14 is facilitated
by the application of a thin layer of a suitable lubricant-adhesive
16 to faces 12, which, when set, cements sealing member 10 in
place.
Sealing member 10 is preferably composed of a resiliently yieldable
elastomeric material, such as neoprene for example, or any other
elastic material having similar properties of durability,
sufficient compression and expansion capabilities, high abrasion
resistance and capable of withstanding temperature extremes,
sunlight, weathering, oxidation and deleterious chemicals. Sealing
member 10 is formed of a unitary, one-piece construction and can
take various outside dimensions to conform to the width of the
grooves in which it is used and can be of any length to accommodate
varying widths of pavements. Also, it should be understood that the
sealing member of this invention has general utility in various
expansion joint applications such as bridges, highways, sidewalks,
architectural concourses, and the like.
Sealing member 10 comprises sidewalls 18 and 20 which are
substantially parallel and straight from end to end. The upper
edges of sidewalls 18 and 20 are connected to a top wall having
downwardly sloping portions 22 and 24 which lead to portions 26 and
28 of increased slope forming a V-shaped recess which is so formed
that when the sides of sealing member 10 are pressed toward each
other, the top wall will fold downwardly into sealing member 10 to
avoid extending above the top surface of the adjacent pavement
slabs 14. Sloping portions 22, 24, 26 and 28 can lie in inclined
planes or they can be slightly curved within the purview of this
invention. As used herein, the terms upper, lower, top, bottom,
vertical, horizontal and the like are applied only for convenience
of description with reference to the drawing and should not be
taken as limiting the scope of this invention.
The lower edges of sidewalls 18 and 20 are connected as at
junctures 30 to a bottom wall having downwardly sloping portions 32
and 34 which extend downwardly in converging relation and meet at
juncture 36. The juncture of intersection 30 of sidewalls 18 and 20
with bottom wall portions 32 and 34 can be angularly formed rather
than curved, if desired, to form angular corners. Likewise, the
upper intersection of sidewalls 18 and 20 with the top wall can be
rounded, if desired. The top and bottom walls are integrally formed
with sidewalls 18 and 20, thus forming a tubular structure.
The interior of sealing member 10 is provided with an internal
truss structure comprising a plurality of diagonally extending
crossbars formed integral with the side, top and bottom walls and
having spaces therebetween into which said crossbars can fold when
sidewalls 18 and 20 are laterally compressed. These crossbars
include a pair of long intersecting, inclined crossbars 40 and 42
extending downwardly at an angle from sloping portions 22 and 24 of
the top wall adjacent the intersection thereof with portions 26, 28
to junctures or intersections 30 formed between sidewalls 20 and 18
and bottom wall portions 34 and 32 of the bottom wall. A pair of
short bars 44 and 46 extend downwardly at an angle in diverging
relation from the top wall adjacent crossbars 42 and 44 to
sidewalls 18 and 20 intermediate the upper and lower ends thereof.
Bar 44 is generally parallel to bar 42, and bar 46 is generally
parallel to bar 40. A pair of short bars 48 and 50 extend
downwardly at an angle in converging relation from sidewalls 18 and
20 adjacent the lower ends of bars 44 and 46 to crossbars 42 and
40. Bar 48 is generally parallel to bar 40, and bar 50 is generally
parallel to bar 42, and bars 48 and 50 intersect bars 42 and 40
approximately midway between the intersection thereof with each
other and with corners 30. The overall effect of these diagonal
crossbars is to translate downwardly directed vertical forces
acting on the top wall of sealing member 10 to laterally directed
forces acting outwardly against sidewalls 18 and 20.
An intermediate upright wall 56 is arranged approximately midway of
sidewalls 18 and 20 in substantial parallelism therewith and
extends from the juncture 36 of bottom wall portions 32 and 34
upwardly to the intersection of crossbars 40 and 42 so that
intermediate wall 56 terminates short of the top wall and leaves a
substantially triangular space therebetween into which the inner
portions of the top wall can fold when sidewalls 18 and 20 are
pressed toward each other during compression. Intermediate wall 56,
besides offering support to crossbars 40 and 42, connects the
bottom wall of sealing member 10 to the top wall through the upper
intersecting portions of crossbars 40 and 42. Consequently, when
sidewalls 18 and 20 are pressed toward each other, intermediate
wall 56 through its connection with the top wall will insure the
downward folding of the middle portions of the top wall, so that
none of the sealing member will extend above the upper surfaces of
pavement slabs 14. Intermediate wall 56 also divides the internal
truss structure of sealing member 10 into two groups thereby
providing substantially uniform action of both groups and
distributes the expansion of sealing member 10 so that outward
pressures exerted by the diagonal crossbars will be substantially
equally applied to both sidewalls 18 and 20.
The orientation of bars 48 and 50 and their intersection with long
intersecting crossbars 42 and 40 is a particularly significant
feature of this invention because such bars 48 and 50 in
conjunction with bars 40 and 42 are effective to urge bottom wall
portions 32 and 34 laterally outwardly against the opposed faces 12
of adjacent pavement slabs 14 during compression of sidewalls 18
and 20. When sidewalls 18 and 20 are pressed toward each other
during compression as shown in FIG. 2, portions 32 and 34 are
forced laterally outwardly and tend to roll progressively along
faces 12 from the upper edges of portions 32 and 34 adjacent
intersections 30 downwardly toward the lower edges thereof causing
the effective seal-contacting surface or interfacial surface
contact area of sealing member 10 to increase by migrating
downwardly along faces 12 of pavement slabs 14. As shown in FIG. 2,
the contact area between sealing member 10 and faces 12 of slabs 14
has increased downwardly below the adhesive line 16. Such
interfacial surface contact area continues to increase with
increased compression of sealing member 10 as shown in FIG. 3
Moreover, the outward lateral pressure exerted by portions 32 and
34 tends to fill any voids or cavities present in surface faces 12
of slabs 14 caused by peeling, interfacial spalling, interfacial
cavitation, or any other damaging action.
FIG. 4 illustrates another form of sealing member, generally
designated 60, of this invention and comprises sidewalls 62 and 64
which are slightly inclined downwardly in a converging relation.
The upper edges of sidewalls 62 and 64 are connected to a top wall
having downwardly sloping portions 66 and 68 leading to increased
sloping portions 70 and 72 terminating in a V-shaped recess.
Portions 66, 68, 70 and 72 can be slightly curved to form
continuous arcuate surfaces meeting at the V-shaped recess, if
desired, within the purview of this invention. The lower edges of
sidewalls 62 and 64 are connected as at rounded corners 74 to a
bottom wall having downwardly sloping portions 76 and 78 which
converge and meet at a common juncture 80. If desired, corners 74
can be angular rather than curved and the upper corners of sealing
member 60 can be curved, as desired.
The interior of sealing member 60 differs from that of the first
form described and comprises a pair of long intersecting crossbars
82 and 84 extending downwardly at an angle from sloping portions 66
and 68 of the top wall adjacent portions 70 and 72 thereof to
bottom wall portions 78 and 76 at points spaced below corners 74.
Crossbars 82 and 84 intersect intermediate their opposite ends. A
pair of short bars 86 and 88 extend downwardly at an angle in
diverging relation from the top wall adjacent bars 82 and 84 to
sidewalls 62 and 64 intermediate the upper and lower ends thereof.
A pair of short bars 90 and 92 extend downwardly at an angle in
converging relation from sidewalls 62 and 64 adjacent the lower
ends of bars 86 and 88 to intersecting crossbars 84 and 82. Bars 90
and 92 intersect bars 84 and 82 intermediate the points of
intersection thereof with each other and with wall portions 76 and
78. An intermediate upright wall 94 is arranged approximately
midway of sidewalls 62 and 64 in substantially bisecting relation
to the angle defined thereby and extends from juncture 80 of bottom
wall portions 76 and 78 upwardly to the intersection of crossbars
82 and 84 to which intermediate wall 94 adds support.
As in the form of the invention first described, when sidewalls 62
and 64 are pressed toward each other during compression of sealing
member 60, portions 76 and 78 are urged laterally outwardly against
pavement sidewall faces 12 from corners 74 downwardly, thereby
increasing the interfacial surface contact area of sealing member
60 with pavement sidewall faces 12. It will be appreciated that, as
in the form of FIG. 1, the various wall portions and internal truss
bars extend the full length of the seal.
The extension of crossbars 82 and 84 from the top wall to bottom
wall portions 78 and 76 below corners 74 facilitates and more
positively insures engagement of portions of bottom wall portions
76 and 78 with the side faces 12 of pavement slabs 14 during
compression of sealing member 60. Also, the downwardly sloping
orientation of sidewalls 62 and 64 which merge smoothly into bottom
wall portions 76 and 78 at 74 form substantially continuous
sidewall surfaces and further facilitates contact between bottom
wall portions 76 and 78 with the pavement sidewall faces 12.
From the foregoing, it is apparent that the objects of the present
invention have been fully accomplished. As a result of this
invention, an improved sealing member is provided having a novel
internal truss structure for translating compressive forces into
laterally acting forces to increase the interfacial surface contact
area between the sealing member and the adjoining slab surfaces.
This occurs upon expansion of the pavement slabs, and increases the
effective seal against the upward ingress of foreign matter between
the seal and the adjacent slab surfaces. Moreover, such increase of
the interfacial surface contact area is not accompanied by a
corresponding increase in structure or material forming the sealing
member.
Preferred forms of this invention having been disclosed in detail,
it is to be understood that this has been done by way of
illustration only.
* * * * *