U.S. patent number 3,644,919 [Application Number 05/099,632] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-22 for signalling device for indicating improper position of a skier.
Invention is credited to William R. Mathauser.
United States Patent |
3,644,919 |
Mathauser |
February 22, 1972 |
SIGNALLING DEVICE FOR INDICATING IMPROPER POSITION OF A SKIER
Abstract
A signalling device for indicating improper position of a skier
or the like comprising means attachable to the body of the skier
and including means responsive to the position of the skier
operatively connected with indicating means for causing a signal to
indicate when the skier is not in the proper position.
Inventors: |
Mathauser; William R. (Sun
Valley, ID) |
Family
ID: |
22275918 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/099,632 |
Filed: |
December 18, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/573.1;
200/DIG.2; 482/8; 434/253; 482/71; 601/33; 340/407.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
69/18 (20130101); A63C 11/00 (20130101); A63B
2071/0627 (20130101); Y10S 200/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
69/18 (20060101); A63C 11/00 (20060101); G08b
021/00 (); A63b 069/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/279 ;35/29D,29A,29R
;272/57B ;200/DIG.2 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Caldwell; John W.
Assistant Examiner: Swann, III; Glen R.
Claims
I claim:
1. A signalling device for indicating to a skier when not assuming
a correct position of the body comprising means attachable to the
lower extremities of the body and including sensing means
responsive to flexure of the joints of the lower extremities, the
sensing means being operatively connected to a signalling means for
indicating to the skier when assuming a position other than the
correct position.
2. A signalling device as in claim 1, wherein said sensing means
are positioned adjacent the feet of the skier.
3. A signalling device as in claim 2, including a source of
electrical energy, said sensing means and said signalling means
being operatively connected therewith.
4. A signalling device as in claim 3, wherein said sensing means
comprises a flexible member adapted to be mounted between the foot
of the skier and a boot worn by the skier and responsive to the
position of the skier to establish an electrical circuit between
the source of electrical energy and the signalling means.
5. A signalling device as in claim 4, wherein said sensing means
has a flexible elongate tube therein, said tube being filled with a
hydraulic fluid or the like and having an expandable portion which
is adapted to be expanded when the tube is flexed.
6. A signalling device as in claim 5, wherein a microswitch is
mounted in said sensing means adjacent said expandable portion of
said tube and is adapted to be operated by said tube when the tube
expands upon being flexed, said microswitch being operatively
connected to said source of electrical energy for establishing and
interrupting an electrical circuit between said source of energy
and said signalling means.
7. A signalling device as in claim 6, wherein said signalling means
comprises a speaker for emitting an audible signal.
8. A signalling device as in claim 6, wherein said signalling means
includes a vibrator adapted to be positioned adjacent the body of
the skier for indicating to the skier through the sense of touch
that the skier or the like is not in the proper position.
9. A signalling device as in claim 6, wherein the signalling means
comprises means for causing a mild electrical shock to be
transmitted to the skier when he is not in the proper position.
10. A signalling device as in claim 6, wherein said signalling
means comprises a speaker for emitting an audible signal, a
vibrator for signalling the skier through the sense of touch, and a
light for giving a visual signal when the skier is not in the
proper position.
11. A signalling device as in claim 10, wherein said source of
electrical energy and said speaker are mounted in an audio and
power unit, and wherein a control knob is provided on said power
unit for increasing or decreasing the volume of sound by the
speaker.
12. A signalling device as in claim 11, wherein said control knob
is operatively connected to said source of electrical energy for
selectively energizing and deenergizing said signalling device.
13. A signalling device as in claim 12, wherein said control knob
includes means for selectively energizing either said speaker or
said vibrator.
14. A signalling device as in claim 13, wherein a switch means is
provided on said audio and power unit operatively connected to said
source of energy for simultaneously energizing said speaker and
said vibrator.
15. A signalling device as in claim 14, wherein said microswitch is
adjustably positioned relative to said expandable tube whereby the
amount of expansion of said tube necessary to actuate said
microswitch may be varied to accommodate persons of different size
or different stance.
16. A signalling device as in claim 15, wherein said sensing means
and said signalling means are connected to said source of energy by
means of flexible leads or wires.
17. A signalling device as in claim 16, wherein said flexible leads
are connected to said sensing means through a bayonet-type
connection.
18. A signalling device as in claim 17, wherein said flexible
member comprises a generally tongue-shaped member adapted to be
worn between the upper front surface of the skier's foot and the
boot whereby when the skier's knees are flexed or bent properly for
skiing, the flexible member is distorted and the flexible tube is
at least partially collapsed to cause the hydraulic fluid therein
to expand the expandable portion of the tube to open the
microswitch.
19. A signalling device as in claim 17, wherein said flexible
member comprises an anklet adapted to be worn about and encircle
the ankle of the skier whereby when the skier's knees are flexed or
bent properly for skiing the flexible member is distorted and the
flexible tube is at least partially collapsed to cause the
hydraulic fluid therein to expand the expandable portion of the
tube to open the microswitch.
20. A signalling device as in claim 19, wherein said flexible tube
is positioned in the front central portion of said anklet.
21. A signalling device as in claim 1, wherein said sensing means
is positioned at the knee of the skier.
22. A signalling device as in claim 21, wherein said sensing means
includes switch means operable in response to the position or
degree of flexure of the skier's knee.
23. A signalling device as in claim 22, wherein said sensing means
is carried by upper and lower leg strap means adapted to be
adjustably positioned about the leg of the skier above and below
the knee, respectively.
24. A signalling device as in claim 23, wherein said switch means
comprises a microswitch carried by one of said leg strap means and
microswitch-actuating means carried by the other of said leg strap
means.
25. A signalling device as in claim 24, wherein said
microswitch-actuating means includes a shaft adjustably positioned
in a bracket.
26. A signalling device as in claim 25, wherein said microswitch
and said shaft are carried on respective bracket means fixed to a
respective leg strap means.
27. A signalling device as in claim 26, wherein said bracket means
fixed to said leg strap means are pivotally interconnected to one
another.
28. A signalling device as in claim 27, wherein said microswitch
and said shaft are positioned at the side of the knee.
29. A signalling device as in claim 28, wherein said signalling
means comprises a speaker for emitting an audible signal.
30. A signalling device as in claim 28, wherein said signalling
means includes a vibrator adapted to be positioned adjacent the
body of the skier for indicating to the skier through the sense of
touch that the skier is not in the proper position.
31. A signalling device as in claim 28, wherein the signalling
means comprises means for causing a mild electrical shock to be
transmitted to the skier when he is not in the proper position.
32. A signalling device as in claim 28, wherein said signalling
means comprises a speaker for emitting an audible signal, a
vibrator for signalling the skier through the sense of touch, and a
light for giving a visual signal when the skier is not in the
proper position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
As in many sports, the most common fault in skiing is improper
position, and one of the most common or basic faults in skiing is
improper position or bending of the knees. Once the skier learns to
position or bend his knees properly, the skier will progress very
rapidly in acquiring more advanced skiing skills and more
complicated maneuvers will be quickly accomplished by the skier.
Proper positioning of the knees is one of the most difficult things
for a beginning skier and even for advanced skiers to continually
keep in mind, and this is extremely important since there is no
time during actual movement on skis when the knees should become
straight or the pressure released from the ankle and the front of
the skis where it should be at all times for proper control of the
skis. Unless the skier assumes proper position and thereby
transfers his weight to the front of the skis so that the ski edges
can sufficiently grip the snow to enable the skier to control his
movements, the skier will never be able to master any of the more
complicated maneuvers in skiing; and, in fact, he will never be
able to really properly execute any of the movements of skiing.
Once the proper position of the knees is accomplished, proper
distribution of weight on the skis will follow and most of the
other skiing maneuvers will then be readily accomplished.
The present invention relates generally to a means to forcibly
bring to the attention of the skier that the proper exertion is not
being placed on the boot for the proper distribution of weight on
the skis and the attendant control of the skis accomplished
thereby.
More particularly, the present invention comprises a signalling
device for indicating when the skier is not in the proper position
and includes a very compact and lightweight self-contained unit
mountable upon the skier's body and has means for transmitting a
signal to the skier when he is not in the proper position.
Basically, the invention includes a battery powered unit having
means mounted in the boots of the skier or adjacent the knee of the
skier in a position to sense when the skier's knees are in a
particular position and arranged to transmit a signal to either an
audio unit, a visual unit or a vibrator or touch-sensing device to
indicate when the skier's knees are not in proper position. All of
the signalling devices--the audio, the visual and the touch
units--are intended to accomplish the same thing; namely, notify
the skier when he is not in the correct position. One or all of the
units can be used independently or simultaneously and can be
controlled as individual units. The purpose of providing more than
one signalling unit is to avoid the human characteristic of
becoming immune to certain sounds or signals and ignoring that
signal. By having more than one signalling unit, when the skier
becomes immune or tends to ignore one of the signalling units,
another signalling device can be selected or activated, and the
skier subjected to a different-type signal.
The signalling device is made in three basic parts which can be
offered as replaceable components without having to purchase or
replace the entire device.
To the best of applicant's knowledge, the prior art does not
disclose any signalling means for indicating when a skier is not in
the proper position. Various attempts have been made in the prior
art to enhance the control exerted by the skis by modifying the ski
construction itself, but these methods and apparatus do not help
the skier overcome improper position nor do they let him know when
he is not in the proper position so that he may correct his form in
order to become a better skier. The present invention thus provides
a unique and novel device which fulfills a long felt need in the
art; namely, to indicate to a skier when he is not in the proper
position and to thereby greatly increase the speed with which a
skier can become an accomplished skier.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to provide a means for indicating
to a skier when he is not in the proper position for skiing.
A further object is to provide a signalling device for sensing the
position of a skier and indicating or signalling to the skier when
he is not in the proper position for skiing.
Another object is to provide a signalling device adapted to be worn
by a skier and including means for sensing the position of the
skier and giving an audible signal when the skier is not in the
proper position for skiing.
Still another object is to provide a means adapted to be worn by a
skier and including means for indicating through touch when the
skier is not in the proper position for skiing.
An even further object is to provide means adapted to be worn by a
skier and including means selectively operable for indicating to
the skier by a plurality of selectively operable signalling means
when the skier is not in the proper position for skiing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 depicts a skier wearing the present invention and with his
knees properly flexed or bent for exerting the proper weight on the
front of the skis where it must be for proper control of the
skis.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of one form of the present
invention illustrating the power source and the pressure-sensitive
switch means for energizing the signalling means.
FIG. 3 is a side view in section taken along the line 3--3 of FIG.
2 of one of the pressure-sensitive switch means.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view in section of the switch means
shown in FIG. 3 illustrating greater detail of the switch
means.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second form of switch means.
FIG. 6 is a side view in section of the modification shown in FIG.
5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a skier wearing two forms of switch
means according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a third form of switch means to be
worn at the knee of the skier.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the third form of switch means
according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals refer
to like parts throughout the several views, a skier S is shown in
FIG. 1 with his knees properly flexed or bent for exerting weight
on the front of the skis where it must be for proper control of the
skis. A signalling device indicated generally at 10 is mounted on
the body of the skier and includes a small rectangular audio and
power unit 11 having a pair of flexible leads or wires 12 and 13
connected thereto and extending downwardly therefrom along the
opposite legs of the skier. The leads 12 and 13 may be suitably
positioned within the ski pants of the skier such as by taping them
to the inside surface of the pants. A pair of sensing units such as
pressure-sensitive switch means 14 and 15 are adapted to be mounted
inside the ski boots between the upper front surface of the foot
and ankle and the front of the boots, respectively, and are
operatively connected to the leads 12 and 13 and thus to the audio
and power unit 11. A suitable signalling means 16, such as a
vibrator or means for generating a mild electrical shock or the
like is connected to the power unit 11 through a retractable third
flexible lead or wire 17 to indicate to the skier through his sense
of touch when he is not in the proper position. Although the
signalling unit 16 is shown mounted to the thigh or leg of the
skier, it could equally as well be mounted to other portions of the
skier's body. A suitable visual indicating means such as a light 18
or the like (indicated in phantom lines in FIG. 2) may also be
provided connected to the audio and power unit 11 by means of a
flexible lead or wire 19. An audible signalling means such as a
speaker 20 is mounted in the audio and power unit 11 for emitting a
signal such as a buzz similar to the signal given in automobiles,
for example, when the ignition key is left in the ignition
switch.
A clip 21 or the like is fixed to the unit 11 for attaching the
unit to the belt or the like of the skier. Alternatively, the unit
11 could be worn about the neck of the skier in necklace fashion or
otherwise carried on the body, as desired.
The leads 12 and 13 are connected to the power unit through a
suitable connection such as a bayonet connection or jack 22
disposed in the top of the unit 11. A control knob 23 is mounted on
the front of the unit 11, and when the knob is turned to the left,
or in a counterclockwise direction, it increases the volume of the
signal emitted from the speaker 20; and when it is turned to the
right, or in a clockwise direction, it serves to establish
communication between the touch signal unit 16 and the
pressure-sensitive switch means 14 and 15 for causing a signal to
be transmitted to the skier through touch or the like. The knob 23
also functions as an "on-off" switch for energizing the unit and by
pushing the control knob in, the unit is switched "off" and by
pulling the control knob out, the unit is switched "on." A suitable
switch 24 is also disposed on the front of the unit 11; and when
this switch is operated, both the audio portion, including speaker
20, and the remote or touch unit 16 may be used simultaneously.
The sensing units 14 and 15 may comprise any suitable type of
switch means, such as mechanical or hydraulic and the like. In a
preferred embodiment, the sensing units comprise flexible,
generally tongue-shaped elements adapted to be mounted on the front
of the foot between the boot and the front surface of the foot of
the skier. The leads 12 and 13 are suitably connected to the
sensing units 14 and 15 as by means of a bayonet plug 25 or the
like and a position control knob 26 is mounted on the front of each
of the sensing units 14 and 15 for adjusting the amount of flexure
necessary in order to activate the switches.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, details of the sensing units 14 and
15 are shown. Each flexible, tongue-shaped sensing unit is made of
plastic or fabric or other suitable material and has a hollow
elongate opening 27 generally in the center thereof. A flexible
tube 28 is disposed within the hollow opening 27 and is filled with
a suitable hydraulic fluid 29 or the like. The upper end 30 of the
tube has a weakened section 31 which is readily expandable by the
hydraulic fluid 29 when the tongue-shaped sensing unit is flexed as
seen in FIG. 6. When the weakened section of the tube expands, it
engages a microswitch 32, opening the switch and deenergizing the
signalling unit. The microswitch 32 is reciprocally mounted in a
small hollow extension or housing 33 adjacent the upper end of the
sensing unit on the front surface thereof. The adjusting knob 26 is
connected to the microswitch 32 through a threaded shaft 34
threadably received through the housing 33 for adjusting the
position of the microswitch 32 in the housing 33 relative to the
tube 28 whereby the amount of flexure of the sensing unit and tube
28 necessary to actuate the microswitch 32 may be varied to
accommodate persons of different size or different posture so that
the unit may be adjusted to the proper position for each
individual.
A modification of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 and
is identical in every respect with the embodiment illustrated in
FIGS. 1 through 4 with the exception that the sensing unit is
embodied in an anklet 35 rather than in the tongue-shaped member 14
or 15. A foot strap 36 is secured to the anklet 35 for maintaining
the anklet in proper position about the ankle of the skier, and the
sensing unit is mounted in the front portion of the anklet 35 so
that when the knees are properly bent, the tube 28 will be at least
partially collapsed at its midpoint 37, as seen in FIG. 6, to cause
the liquid to expand the upper end 31 of the tube to operate the
microswitch.
The invention as thus far described is intended to be placed at the
front of the foot between the foot and boot when the conventional
lace-type boot is used. However, most of the newer ski boots are
hinged; and when the person wearing the boot leans forward, there
is an opening or space at the back of the boot and the microswitch
or sensing unit according to the present invention could be mounted
in this area. With the sensing unit and switch mounted in the back
of the boot, when the skier is in the proper position, the switch
would be opened and no signal would be emitted by the signalling
device. However, as soon as the skier assumes an improper position
or straightens his knees, the switch would be closed and the
signalling unit energized.
In addition to being manufactured as a separate unit adapted to be
used with conventional boots, the invention could obviously be
incorporated into the boot itself and with reference to the
embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 4, the tongue of the boot
itself could have the sensing unit therein. Moreover, the sensing
unit and switch could be positioned in other parts of the boot
sensitive to the pressure exerted thereon when the knees are flexed
to operate the signalling device.
In use, the signalling device would be attached to the skier such
as shown in FIG. 1, for example, with clip 21 hooked over the
skier's belt and sensing units 14 and 15 disposed inside the boots
on the front surface of the foot. The touch signalling unit 16
would be taped or otherwise positioned adjacent a portion of the
skier's body and the light 18 would be mounted in a position
visible to the skier, such as on the ski cap or the like. When the
skier is ready to begin a run down the ski slope, he would pull the
control knob 23 out to energize the system and adjust the control
knob for proper volume of the speaker 20 or to cut out the speaker
and energize the touch signalling unit 16. Further, the skier could
operate switch 24 so that both the speaker 20 and touch signalling
unit 16 could be used simultaneously. When the skier desires to
stand in an upright position or for some other reason desires to
deenergize the signalling device, he would simply push the control
knob 23 inwardly.
In addition to, or in lieu of the units 14, 15 or 35 worn in the
boot or at the foot of the skier, a third form of switch means 38
is illustrated in FIGS. 7 through 9. In some of the advanced skiing
positions, as for example the relatively new Jet Christie or
Low-down Christie, the skier assumes a "sitting" position as shown
in FIG. 7 with the lower portion of the skier's leg extending at
nearly a right angle from the ski. In this position, there may not
be enough flexure or the ankle or pressure at the front of the boot
to activate switch 14, 15 or 35. Accordingly, switch unit 38 is
worn at the knee of the skier where most flexure occurs. Unit 38
could obviously be used in the early or less advanced stages of
skiing since the knee is also bent then for proper control of the
skis. The switch unit 38 comprises an upper leg strap 39 adapted to
be adjustably positioned about the upper leg of the skier adjacent
the knee and made adjustable by a strap adjustment 40. A lower leg
strap 41 is similarly adjustably positioned about the lower leg of
the skier adjacent his knee and is adjustable by means of a strap
adjustment 42.
A brace or switch mounting bracket 43 is fixed to the upper leg
strap 39 as by rivets 44 or the like and extends downwardly toward
the knee, terminating at its free end at the side of the knee. A
similar bracket 45 is fixedly mounted to lower leg strap 41 as by
rivets 46 or the like and extends upwardly toward the knee,
terminating at its free end at the side of the knee and in
overlapping relationship to the free end of bracket 43. The free
ends of brackets 43 and 45 are pivotally connected as by a pivot
pin 47 or the like extended through the ends. A suitable
microswitch 48 is mounted on bracket 43 adjacent the pivot and a
flexible lead 49 extends from the switch 48 to the unit 11. A
switch engaging or actuating shaft 50 is threadably or otherwise
suitably adjustably positioned through a bracket 51 suitably fixed
on the free end of bracket 45 adjacent the pivot. A knob 52 is on
the end of shaft 50 for adjusting the position of the shaft
relative to the switch 48 to compensate for different skiers or
different positions at which it is desired the switch 48 be
actuated. When the skier's knee is properly flexed as in FIGS. 7
and 8, the shaft 50 engages the switch 48 and holds it open so that
no signal is emitted by the unit 11. If the knee is not properly
flexed, the shaft 50 moves away from switch 48, permitting the
switch to close and a signal is given to warn or indicate to the
skier that he is not in the proper position. Any suitable switch
means and actuating means therefor may be used at the knee in place
of the specific means shown. The unit 38 may be used instead of the
units 14, 15 or 35 or it may be used in conjunction therewith, as
desired. Further, the switch means 48 may be positioned on either
side of the knee and a switch may be positioned at one or both
knees, as desired.
Each of the switch means, whether worn at the ankle or at the knee,
and each of the signalling means, i.e., audio, visual and touch,
may be provided in an independent circuit so that improper flexure
of one knee will be indicated independently of the other knee. For
example, a first light of one color, such as red, could be
positioned adjacent the right eye and a second light of another
color, such as green, could be positioned adjacent the left eye so
that one or the other of the lights would be illuminated depending
upon which knee is improperly flexed. Similarly, the audio system
could include two sounds of different frequencies, one frequency
being given when one knee is improperly flexed and the other
frequency being given when the other knee is improperly flexed.
This would enable the skier to tell which knee is not properly
flexed.
As this invention may be embodied in several forms without
departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, the
present embodiment is therefore illustrative and not restrictive,
since the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims
rather than by the description preceding them, and all changes that
fall within the metes and bounds of the claims or that form their
functional as well as conjointly cooperative equivalents, are
therefore intended to be embraced by those claims.
* * * * *