U.S. patent number 3,644,856 [Application Number 05/121,725] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-22 for electrical switch.
Invention is credited to John M. Scott.
United States Patent |
3,644,856 |
Scott |
February 22, 1972 |
ELECTRICAL SWITCH
Abstract
An electrical switch incorporating circuit terminals and a
switch member movable thereagainst to close an electrical circuit
therebetween in which the switch member is mounted on a permanent
magnet positioned in the electrical switch in opposed polarity with
respect to a second permanent magnet whereby the repelling action
of the permanent magnets will normally hold the switch member in
spaced relation to the circuit terminals.
Inventors: |
Scott; John M. (Youngstown,
OH) |
Family
ID: |
22398421 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/121,725 |
Filed: |
March 8, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
335/207 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
36/0073 (20130101); H01H 5/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
5/00 (20060101); H01H 36/00 (20060101); H01H
5/02 (20060101); H01h 005/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;335/205,206,207 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gilheany; Bernard A.
Assistant Examiner: Envall, Jr.; R. N.
Claims
Although but one embodiment of the present invention has been
illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in
that art that various changes and modifications may be made therein
without departing from the spirit of the invention, and having thus
described my invention, what I claim is:
1. An electrical switch having spaced circuit terminals and a
movable switch member arranged to engage the same so as to close a
circuit therethrough, a pair of permanent magnets in said switch
arranged in repelling relation to one another, said switch member
being carried on one of said permanent magnets and the other
permanent magnet positioned adjacent said circuit terminals and
means for moving said permanent magnet carrying said switch member
toward said circuit terminals and the other permanent magnet.
2. The electrical switch of claim 1 wherein said means for moving
said permanent magnet carrying said switch member comprises a body
member supporting said switch member and permanent magnet.
3. The electrical switch of claim 1 wherein the permanent magnets
are elongated sections of resilient material having magnetizable
metallic powder incorporated therein.
4. The electrical switch of claim 1 wherein the switch member and
the permanent magnet carrying the same are reversed and the switch
member is normally engaging said circuit terminals.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to electrical switches of the type normally
employed to close an electrical circuit momentarily and return to
normal open circuit position.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Prior structures of this type usually employ springs for normally
maintaining the switch member in spaced relation to the contact
member or members in the switch structure.
Magnets have been incorporated in electrical switches for moving
the actual switching members as seen for example in U.S. Pat. No.
3,443,043. In U.S. Pat. No. 2,847,528 a single magnet is used to
attract an armature which, in turn is connected with a contact
through a movement of the armature and the contact away from the
magnet. In U.S. Pat. No. 3,486,144 a magnet moves back and forth
with respect to movable switch contacts to cause the same to move
into or out of engagement with one another.
This invention eliminates the springs of other means believed
necessary to hold the respective movable parts of an electrical
switch in desired position. By substituting the permanent magnets
arranged in opposed relation so that the repelling effect of the
magnetic field maintains the moveable switch members in desired
position.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An electrical switch structure incorporates circuit terminals and a
switch member movable relative thereto so that an electrical
circuit may be made upon bringing the same into contact therewith.
A permanent magnet is positioned adjacent the circuit terminals and
a secondary permanent magnet carries the switch member. The magnets
are positioned in the electrical switch in opposed polarity so that
the magnetic fields repel one another and thus normally space the
magnet carrying the switch member with respect to the circuit
terminals.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation view with parts in cross section and
parts broken away illustrating a normally open electric switch.
FIG. 2 is a horizontal section on line 2--2 of FIG. 1 and broken
lines on FIG. 2 indicate the section of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view with parts broken away and parts
in cross section illustrating a normally closed electrical switch
and
FIG. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4--4 of FIG. 3. Broken lines
in FIG. 4 indicate a section of FIG. 3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In its simplest form the electrical switch of this invention
consists of a housing 10 formed of insulated material and provided
with a cover 11 which is apertured as at 12. A pair of circuit
terminals, 13 and 14, are positioned in the opposite ends of the
housing 10 vertical portions 15 and 16 respectively thereof having
threaded openings for the reception of bolts 17 and 18
respectively. The interior configuration of the housing 10 is
preferably such that the circuit terminals 13 and 14 are held in
desired positioned by snap in relationship thereto as will be
understood by those skilled in the art and it will occur to those
skilled in the art that the bolts 17 and 18 provide means for
connecting the electrical switch in an electrical circuit to be
controlled thereby.
An elongated switch member 19 is mounted on a portion of permanent
magnet material 20 which may be an alloy with high magnetic
permeability at a low field strength and low hysteresis loss such
as alloys largely composed of nickel and iron to which copper,
molybidenum, chromium, cobalt, manganese etc., have been added.
Alternately, the permanent magnet 20 may be a section of a plastic
material loaded with a powdered alloy metals such as hereinbefore
referred to and capable of being permanently magnetized.
The switch member 19 and the permanent magnet 20 are, in turn,
carried by a movable body member 21 which has an upwardly and
outwardly extending portion 22 which acts as a button for manual
engagement. The housing 10 is formed to receive and retain a
secondary section of magnetic material 23. The permanent magnets 20
and 23 are positioned in the electrical switch with the poles in
opposed relation so that they normally repel one another and this
repelling action of the opposed magnetic fields of the magnets 20
and 23 result in normally holding the switch member 19, the
permanent magnet 20 and the body member 21 in spaced relation with
respect to the circuit terminals 13 and 14, heretofore referred.
Thus, an electric circuit connected with the switch will be open
until such time as the extension 22 is depressed manually to
overcome the repelling field of the magnets 20 and 23 and move the
switch member 19 into engagement with the circuit terminals 13 and
14 to complete an electric circuit through the switch.
It will occur to those skilled in that art that by reversing the
position of the circuit terminals and the switch member the
electric switch heretofore described in connection with FIGS. 1 and
2 of the drawings, may be normally closed and maintained in such
normally closed position by the opposed repelling forces of the
permanent magnets.
By referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings such a
modification of the invention may be seen. In FIGS. 3 and 4 a
housing 24 has a cover 25 which is apertured to permit an extension
26 on a movable body member 27 to extend therethrough so that it
may be manually engaged.
A first permanent magnet 28 is carried on the moveable body member
27 and a contact strip 29 is positioned on the moveable body member
27 so that its ends can engage spaced circuit terminals 30 and 31
respectively, extensions of which are provided with bolts 32 and 33
so that circuit wires may be connected thereto. A second permanent
magnet 34 is positioned in the housing 24 in opposed relation to
the first mentioned magnet 28 and the repelling magnetic effects of
the magnets 28 and 34 will normally hold the movable body member 27
in spaced relation to the magnet 34 and with the e contact member
29 in engagement with the circuit terminals 30 and 31. In order to
break a circuit controlled by the electric switch, manual pressure
applied to the extension 26 will move the movable body member 27
and the switch member 29 downwardly and away from the circuit
terminals 30 and 31 so as to break the circuit. Upon release, the
permanent magnets repelling effect will again close the circuit as
will be understood by those skilled in the art.
* * * * *