U.S. patent number 3,643,943 [Application Number 04/845,245] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-22 for exerciser with work-indicating mechanism.
Invention is credited to Curtis L. Erwin, Jr., Gene D. Fosdick.
United States Patent |
3,643,943 |
Erwin, Jr. , et al. |
February 22, 1972 |
EXERCISER WITH WORK-INDICATING MECHANISM
Abstract
Exercise apparatus such as a treadmill, rowing machine, pedaling
device or the like which includes an indicator arranged to be
driven at a rate in proportion to the degree of difficulty of the
exercise expended for recording work done. The apparatus in its
embodiment employs an operating member on which the person
exercises and adjustable controls for varying the difficulty of the
exercise. The indicator is driven by the operating member through a
drive connection, and the apparatus includes adjustment means
incorporated in the drive connection which is connected directly to
the adjustable controls so that the rate of operation of the
indicator is in proportion to the degree of difficulty of the
exercise.
Inventors: |
Erwin, Jr.; Curtis L.
(Portland, OR), Fosdick; Gene D. (Portland, OR) |
Family
ID: |
25294757 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/845,245 |
Filed: |
July 28, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/8; 482/63;
482/72; 482/54; 73/379.06; 73/379.07 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
24/00 (20130101); A61B 5/221 (20130101); A63B
22/0023 (20130101); A63B 22/0076 (20130101); A63B
2022/0082 (20130101); A63B 22/0235 (20130101); A63B
22/0605 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
5/22 (20060101); A63B 22/00 (20060101); A63B
22/02 (20060101); A63B 24/00 (20060101); A63B
69/06 (20060101); A63B 22/08 (20060101); A63B
22/06 (20060101); A63b 023/06 (); A63b 069/06 ();
A63b 069/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;272/73,72,69
;73/379 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Dror; Richard
Claims
Having thus described our invention, we claim:
1. Exercise apparatus comprising
a. an operating member arranged to be worked by a person performing
exercise functions,
b. adjustable control means arranged to vary the difficulty of the
exercise functions,
c. movable indicating means arranged to indicate the amount of
exercise expended,
d. a drive connection between said operating member and said
movable indicating means,
e. and adjustment means incorporated in said drive connection and
connected directly to said adjustable control means,
f. said adjustment means being movably set by selected positioning
of said adjustable control means and being arranged such that upon
being selectively set it varies the speed of movement of said
movable indicating means in proportion to the degree of difficulty
of exercise.
2. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 including
a. an electric circuit,
b. said movable indicating means including manually operated reset
means for repositioning said indicating means to a start
position,
c. a timer for correlating the time and work done,
d. electrically operated reset means in said circuit arranged to
reset said timer,
e. and contact means in said circuit arranged for engagement by
said movable indicating means when the latter is disposed adjacent
to its start position to energize said reset means for resetting
said movable indicating means.
3. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein said adjustment means
comprises a gear ratio mechanism.
4. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein said movable
indicating means is calibrated to show an equivalent of distance
traveled.
5. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein said movable
indicating means is calibrated to show an equivalent of calories
expended.
6. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 including
a. an electric circuit,
b. said movable indicating means comprising an electrically
operated meter in said circuit and said adjustment means comprising
electricity flow control means to said meter,
c. said meter being calibrated to show amount of work done.
7. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein
a. said operating member comprises a treadmill,
b. said adjustable control means comprising elevating mechanism
arranged to tilt the treadmill longitudinally to vary the
difficulty of exercise functions,
c. said adjustment means comprising a change ratio mechanism
operated by said elevating mechanism.
8. The exercise apparatus of claim 7 wherein
a. said elevating mechanism comprises a driven screw having
threaded connection to an end portion of said treadmill whereby to
vary the tilt of said treadmill,
b. and including a shaft connection between said driven screw and
said change ratio mechanism.
9. The exercise apparatus of claim 7 wherein
a. said elevating mechanism comprises a driven screw having
threaded connection to an end portion of said treadmill whereby to
vary the tilt of said treadmill,
b. a shaft connection between said driven screw and said change
ratio mechanism,
c. and means carried on said shaft indicating rotated positioning
thereof for designating the angle of tilt of said treadmill.
10. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein
a. said operating member comprises a rowing machine having pivoted
oarlike arms,
b. said adjustable control means comprising resistance mechanism
connected to said arms,
c. said adjustment means comprising a change ratio mechanism
operated by said resistance mechanism.
11. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein
a. said operating member comprises a rowing machine having pivoted
oarlike arms,
b. said adjustable control means comprising a plunger connected to
one of said oarlike arms and operating in a cylinder having fluid
line connections,
c. said adjustment means comprising a change ratio mechanism
operated by said resistance mechanism.
12. The exercise ratio of claim 1 wherein
a. said operating member comprises a bicycle-type pedaling
apparatus,
b. said adjustable control means comprising brake structure
connected to said pedaling apparatus,
c. said adjustment means comprising a change ratio mechanism
operated by said brake structure.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Exercising apparatus has heretofore been employed with means for
varying the degree of difficulty of the exercise. For example,
treadmills have been provided which can be elevated at one end so
that the difficulty of running thereon is dependent upon the
inclination of the treadmill. Exercise apparatus has also been
provided with indicating mechanism for showing the amount of work
done. For example, treadmills have odometers driven by the
treadmill to show how far the runner has progressed. It may be the
desire, however, of the person exercising to lessen the time
required to expend a certain amount of energy, and the energy
indicating means of the prior devices fail to show true work
expended even though there is a change in the degree of difficulty
of the exercise. For example, the odometer on a treadmill of
existing devices will register the same distance regardless of the
angle of tilt thereof. Thus, the true work expended is not
accurately measured.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is a primary objective of the present invention to
provide workout indicating mechanism for exercising apparatus which
is arranged to measure the amount of exercise expended in
proportion to the degree of difficulty of such exercise.
Another object of the invention is to provide indicating mechanism
of the type described which is applicable to different types of
exercising apparatus and which in connection with any one of the
different types of structure not only measures the energy expended
such as calories, but also has a speed of movement in proportion to
the degree of difficulty of the exercise, exemplary exercising
apparatus on which the indicating mechanism may be used comprising
treadmills, rowing machines, pedaling machines, and others.
Another object of the invention is to provide indicating mechanism
of the type described utilizing an indicator for illustrating the
energy expended, such indicator being adjustable to operate from a
set position and return to a start position and having a structural
combination of a timer arranged such that upon setting of the
exercise indicating means the timer is returned to a start
position.
The invention will be better understood and additional objects and
advantages will become apparent from the following description
taken in connection with the accompanying drawings which illustrate
preferred forms of the device.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a treadmill in combination
with which features of the present invention are embodied;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line
2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of
FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 4--4 of FIG.
1;
FIG. 5 is a wiring diagram of electrically operated apparatus which
may be used for driving a treadmill and for operating indicating
mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of an instrument
panel having indicating mechanism of the present invention
incorporated therein, said view being taken on the line 6--6 of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary plan view of a modified form of exercise
indicating means for indicating the amount of energy expended;
FIG. 8 is a top plan view, partly diagrammatic, of a rowing machine
in combination with which features of the present invention are
embodied;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line
9--9 of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view showing a valve
structure utilized in the embodiment of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of another form of exercising
apparatus in the form of a pedaling machine and showing features of
the present invention embodied therein;
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 12--12 of
FIG. 11; and
FIG. 13 is a wiring diagram of a second form of control means for
the present exercising apparatus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIGS. 1 through 6 show the invention as associated with a treadmill
10 having a base frame 12 on which an endless belt 14 operates over
end rollers 16. One of the rollers is driven by an electric motor
18 to operate the belt 14 in the direction of arrows 20, FIG. 1.
The base frame 12 has an integral upright frame 22 including
longitudinal hand rails 24 secured thereto. Frame 12 is pivotally
connected at 26 to upright lugs 27 on one end of a floor engaging
base 28. An electric motor 30 is secured on a crosspiece 32 secured
pivotally to the other end of the base 28 by end stub shafts 34.
The motor 30 has a gearbox 36 mounted thereon the mechanism of
which is driven by the output shaft of the motor. This gear
mechanism drives an upright screw 38 comprising an end support for
the treadmill capable of changing the angle of the treadmill.
The frame 12 of the treadmill has a pair of forwardly projecting
side frame portions 40, best seen in FIG. 2, between which a frame
member 42 is pivotally supported, as by means of stub shafts 44
integrated with the frame portions 40. The elevating screw 38
projects freely through the frame member 42 and has threaded
engagement with a sleeve 46 integral with a frame extension 48 in
turn integral with the frame member 42. A hub 50 has a key
connection 52 on the shaft, FIG. 3, thus providing rotation of the
hub with the shaft but permitting relative axial movement between
the hub and shaft. The hub 50 has an integral pulley which drives a
laterally extending belt 56 engageable with a pulley 58 keyed or
otherwise secured on a shaft 60 journaled in a housing 62 secured
to one forward frame portion 40. A worm gear 64 is secured on the
shaft 60 within the housing 62 and is in mesh with a pinion gear 66
on a shaft 68 also journaled in the housing 62 and projecting both
forwardly and rearwardly from the housing 62. FIG. 1, secured to
the side of the bottom frame 12 of the treadmill. An upright output
shaft 74 extends from the gear box 72 and is driven from a shaft 76
which comprises the shaft of the front roller 16. Gearbox 72 is of
a well-known construction having arrangement of gearing and change
speed construction such that upon selective rotative positioning of
shaft 68 the gear ratio drive between the shaft 76 and the shaft 74
is varied. That is, the gearing and change speed mechanism of
gearbox 72 and the operation of shaft 68 thereon is such that the
rotative speed of shaft 74 in relation to the rotative speed of
shaft 68 is increased proportionately as the treadmill is raised by
screw 38. Mechanism 72 may comprise any type of ratio change
mechanism or transmission and need not be a gearing arrangement as
described. The upper end of shaft 74 comprises the drive shaft of
an instrument 78 which shows work done. Such instrument is shown in
FIG. 6 and is mounted in an instrument panel 80, also seen in FIG.
1, secured to the upright frame 22 of the treadmill. Instrument, 78
has a pointer 82 driven by the shaft 74 but capable of being set
manually. This instrument has designations or calibrations 84, such
as calory designations, which show the extent of exercise to be
expended. In order to provide hand setting of the pointer 82 and
yet provide a driving connection with the shaft 74, such pointer is
connected to the said shaft by a friction clutch 86.
It is preferred that the designations 84 include a start position,
namely a zero position, FIG. 6, and various other increments of
work done. For example, FIG. 6 illustrates the instrument 78
divided into increments of 100 calories. The person exercising can
set the pointer to the amount of calories which he wishes to
expend, and when the pointer has returned to zero, he knows that
the amount of work desired has been done. Preferably, the pointer
is manually set in a counterclockwise direction, as designated by
the arrow 88 in FIG. 6, and returns with the shaft 74 in a
clockwise direction. The designations 84 may be in other types of
units of work expended. For example, in FIG. 7 the instrument
comprises an odometer, having distance designations 84' such as
miles or fractions thereof. Pointer 82' of the instrument 78' is
operated by the shaft 74 similar to the pointer 82 in the
embodiment of FIG. 6.
In the operation of the device, the operator sets the pointer 82 or
82' to the desired position as determined by the extent of energy
he wishes to expend. That is, the operator sets the pointer 82 to
the amount of calories he wishes to expend. The speed of movement
of the return pointer 82 is determined by the inclined position of
the treadmill since as explained hereinbefore, the change speed
gearbox 72 is arranged such that the shaft 68 controls the output
speed of shaft 74 as determined by the tilt of the treadmill. The
parts are arranged such that the more steeply that the treadmill is
inclined the faster the speed of output shaft 74. In other words,
the harder the operator works, the faster the return of pointer 82
will be and the quicker he will get done, the relationship of work
done and return speed of the pointer 82 being empirically
determined to provide substantially accurate results.
The forward end of shaft 68 which projects from housing 62, FIGS. 1
and 4, has a reversely turned pointer 90 integral therewith.
Graduations 92 are provided on a block 94 secured to the housing 62
and the pointer 90 operates thereover. By means of pointer 90 and
the graduations 92, the runner can determine the tilted position of
the treadmill and thus can set the angle of tilt as desired.
The instrument panel 80 also includes a timer 96 having a pointer
98 associated with time designations 100 which may comprise minutes
as an example.
The structure and operation of the electrical system is shown in
the wiring diagram of FIG. 5. Referring in detail to such FIG., a
pair of line wires 102 and 104 feed the system. One of the line
wires has a master switch 106 for the system therein, such switch
being located on the instrument panel 80, FIGS. 1 and 6. The
treadmill operating motor 18 is connected into the line wires by
suitable wires 107 and 108 and the treadmill elevating motor 30 is
similarly connected into the line wires 102 and 104 by wires 110
and 112, the motor 30 being a reversible-type motor and having a
reversing switch 114 in its circuit mounted on the instrument panel
80 for raising or lowering the treadmill.
The timer 96 is driven by an electric motor 116 connected to the
line wires 102 and 104 by wires 118 and 120. It is preferred that
the timer be of a construction such that it can be reset to its
start position by the actuation of a button 122 thereon, as in
common timer structure, and a solenoid 124 is included in the
circuit having an operating plunger 126 arranged to engage the
button and reset the timer upon closing of the circuit to the
solenoid. The solenoid is connected in the circuit by wires 128 and
130, the latter wire being associated with control means for the
solenoid 124. Such control means comprises a contact 132 at one
terminal end of the wire 130 and a rotatable electrical connection
133 connected to the base of a switch arm 134 having a contact end
136 arranged for engagement with the contact 132. Contact arm 134
is secured to and rotates with the pointer 82. The circuit to the
solenoid is thus closed upon engagement of the switch arm 134 with
the contact 132 but as seen in FIG. 5 contact 132 is placed such
that the circuit to the solenoid is not closed when the pointer 82
has returned to start or zero, assuming of course that the arm 134
is driven in return movement in a clockwise direction. Thus, the
timer will not be reset unless the pointer 82 travels a small
distance past the zero position or else the said pointer is rotated
counterclockwise almost a full revolution to engage the contact
132. Although the system herein shown comprises an electric
resetting of the timer, it is to be understood that such may be
accomplished by mechanical connection between the pointer 82 and
the timer.
In the use of the treadmill, the operator first closes the master
switch 106. Such closes the circuit to the treadmill motor 18 and
to the timer motor 116 and thus each of these motors is in
continuous operation until the switch 106 is again opened. Switch
114 is operated to energize the motor 30 in the desired direction
for raising or lowering the treadmill. The operator sets the
pointer 82 on the instrument 72 to a position indicating the amount
of exercise he wishes to expend. This is accomplished first by
rotating the pointer counterclockwise to a point to cause
engagement of contact 136 with contact 132 for resetting the timer
96 and then returning the pointer to the position desired. The
operator can then step on the treadmill and commence his exercise.
The rate at which the pointer 82 returns is dependent upon the
degree of difficulty of the exercise, i.e., such rate of return of
said pointer depends upon the angle of tilt of the treadmill. As
explained hereinbefore, such return of the pointer is controlled by
the speed of output shaft 74 and the speed of shaft 74 is
controlled by the speed setting of gearbox 72 as determined by the
elevation of the one end of the treadmill. The gear ratio is such
that when the treadmill is in a down or level position, the
instrument 78 shows true lineal travel of the belt 14.
FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 show a second embodiment of the invention,
wherein the principles thereof are applied to a rowing machine 140.
Only the primary elements of such rowing machine are illustrated
since such machines are of conventional construction. For the
purpose of illustration, such rowing machines have a base frame
142, a seat 144 slidable longitudinally on the frame, outrigger
frames 146 on the frame 142, and oars or arms 148 pivotally
connected to the outriggers by pivot means 150. It is desired that
the work required to pivot the arms 148 be varied, and for this
purpose fluid cylinders 152 have plunger 154 operative therein
which are integrated with rods 156. Cylinders 152 are secured to
the outriggers 146 by suitable brackets 158, and the rods 156 have
a pivot connection 160 with respective arms 148. Conduits 162 lead
from one end of the cylinders 152 and conduits 164 lead from the
opposite ends of said cylinders, the two conduits 162 and 164
leading through a valve 166 which as is apparent in FIG. 10
controls the flow between conduits 162 and 164. FIG. 10 shows the
valve in fully open position wherein fluid can flow freely through
the valve with a minimum of resistance; however, if the valve is
rotated it is apparent that the inlet of fluid from conduits 162 is
restricted an amount depending upon the position of the valve core,
the two inlets for conduits 162 having symmetrical association with
the core for equal control of the oars.
According to the present invention means are associated with the
valve 166 which upon setting of the valve changes the return speed
of exercise indicating means. More particularly, an instrument
panel 168 is secured to the frame 142 and has a timer 170, exercise
indicating means 172 such as an odometer or calorie measuring
instrument, and adjustable control means 174 for varying the degree
of difficulty of the exercise. The adjustable control means 174
comprises a shaft 176, FIG. 9, which leads upwardly from the core
of valve 166 and which is rotatable therewith. The shaft projects
through the instrument panel 168 and has an operating knob 178 at
its upper end associated with graduation marks 180 on the
instrument panel. Secured to the shaft 176 and rotatable therewith
is an arm 182 connected at its outer end to one end of a flexible
shaft 184 extending at its other end into a gearbox 186. Gearbox
186 has an input shaft 188 having a pinion gear 190 secured thereto
and engaged by a rack 192 having a pivot connection 194 at one end
with one of the arms 148 and having slidable movement through a
guide 195. Rack 192 is adapted to drive the shaft 188 in one
direction only, namely in the strike direction of the oars. The
output of gearbox 186 comprises a flexible shaft 196 which extends
to and drives the odometer 172.
The gearbox 186 is thus driven by the rack 192 upon reciprocating
movement of the one arm 148 and the output from such gearbox drives
the odometer. The flexible shaft 184 connected to the adjustable
control means 174 is arranged to change the gear ratio of the
gearbox such that upon selected positioning of the knob 178 with
the valve 166 the output of the gearbox 186 is varied. The parts
are connected and arranged such that as the valve is adjusted to
make the oars harder to pull, the ratio of the gearbox is changed
to increase the output of speed of the shaft 196. Thus, even though
the oars are operated at the same rate of speed the odometer
returns proportionately faster as the degree of difficulty of
exercise increases. The graduations 180 show set positions of the
knob 178 for controlled operation. The timer 170 of the FIG. 8
embodiment may be mechanically or electrically driven and may be
resettable by means similar to that shown in FIG. 5. The odometer
has a slip clutch connection 186 with its shaft.
FIGS. 11 and 12 show still another application of the present
invention wherein it may be associated with an exercise machine in
the form of a pedaling apparatus 200. Such machine comprises a
frame 202 supported on legs 204, a seat 206 and a handlebar
assembly 208. Such machines have bicycle pedals 210 which operate a
sprocket wheel 212 engaged by a sprocket chain 214 driving a
rearwardly disposed sprocket wheel 216. Sprocket wheel 216 drives a
shaft 218 which operates a brake 220 for controlling the degree of
difficulty of the sprocket rotation. Such brake is well known in
the art and is operated by a lever 224 pivotally connected at one
of its ends to the frame at 226 and pivotally connected at its
other end to an adjusting handle 228 movable through the frame 202
to different positions for adjusting the braking effect on the
sprocket wheel 216. Adjusting handle 228 has setting indicia 230
thereon for positioning the handle to a selected position of
braking.
Sprocket shaft 218 is connected into a gear box 232 having an
output shaft 234 which drives an odometer or other exercise
indicating means 236 on an instrument panel 238 secured to the
handlebar assembly 208. Instrument panel 238 also has a timer 240,
and the structure of such timer and odometer as well as the drive
means for the latter are of similar operation and structure to that
illustrated in the previous embodiments. Handle 228 is pivotally
connected at its inner end to a lever 244 which comprises a shaft
lever for the gearbox and the parts are arranged such that as the
adjusting handle 228 is moved inwardly to increase the resistance
of rotation to the sprocket wheel 216 the gear ratio is stepped up
to increase the speed of shaft 234 and thus the return speed of
odometer 236. Thus, the more difficult the exercise the faster the
return of the exercise indicating means 236 as in other
embodiments.
FIG. 13 illustrates an embodiment wherein the exercise indicating
means may be totally electrical in that the instrument which shows
the amount of exercise to be expended comprises a milliammeter 246
and the operating structure therefor comprises a potentiometer 248.
The circuit is similar to the circuit shown in FIG. 5 to the extent
that it has line wires 102 and 104, circuit wires 107 and 108 for
the motor 18, circuit wires 110 and 112 for the motor 30, a
reversing switch 114 in the circuit to motor 30, a motor 116 for
driving the timer 96, circuit wires 118 and 120 for the timer
motor, a timer reset button 122, a solenoid 124 which operates the
timer reset button by means of its plunger 126, circuit wires 128
and 130 for the solenoid, and the solenoid operating contact
132.
The circuit of FIG. 13, similar to FIG. 5, also has a switch arm
250 having a contact end 252 which is engageable with the contact
132 for resetting the timer. The milliammeter and potentiometer are
in series circuit with the lines 102 and 104 comprising wires 254
and 256. The shaft on which arm 250 is mounted comprises the driven
shaft from the exercise machine, such as the shaft 74 of FIG. 1, or
the shafts 196 and 234 of FIGS. 8 and 12, respectively, and it is
apparent that with a setting of the arm 250 on the potentiometer
248 a reading of resistance will appear on the milliammeter 246.
Thus, such electrical components have been adapted to the present
purpose wherein the milliammeter which will show the amount of work
to be completed will have a reading depending upon the position of
arm 250. As the arm 250 returns, the milliammeter will designate
exercise accomplished the same as a mechanical connection. Contact
132 is provided on the far side of the start or set position of the
potentiometer whereby when the system is set up for exercise the
arm 250 must be turned counterclockwise an amount sufficient to
engage the contact 132 to energize the solenoid and thus reset the
timer. After the timer has been reset, the potentiometer is
positioned to the amount of exercise desired. The milliammeter
readings may comprise distance or calories, or any other
appropriate exercise indicating means.
The circuit of FIG. 13 includes a signal 258 which may be in the
form of a bell arranged to ring when the exercise has been
completed. For this purpose, the bell is in a circuit having a wire
260 connected to wire 256 and a wire 262 terminating in a contact
264 adjacent to the start position and arranged such that when the
arm 250 has returned to a start position, the contact end 252
completes a circuit to the bell and the bell will sound until the
master switch 106 is opened.
According to the present invention there is provided in combination
with means for indicating an amount of exercise accomplished means
to vary the speed of such indicating means in proportion to the
degree of difficulty of exercise. By such means, the operator can
perform a given amount of exercise in a lesser time by increasing
the difficulty of the exercise, the indicating means showing the
extent of exercise accomplished as the latter progresses.
It is to be understood that the forms of our invention herein shown
and described are to be taken as preferred examples of the same and
that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts
may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of our
invention.
* * * * *