U.S. patent number 3,643,289 [Application Number 04/829,255] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-22 for infinite position hold open hinge.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Motors Corporation. Invention is credited to Thomas E. Lohr.
United States Patent |
3,643,289 |
Lohr |
February 22, 1972 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
INFINITE POSITION HOLD OPEN HINGE
Abstract
A door is pivotally mounted to a vehicle by an infinite position
hold open hinge including conventional male and female hinge
members pivotally interconnected. The female hinge member pivotally
mounts one end of a lever about an axis inboard from the hinge axis
with the other end of the lever having a depending flange with a
center arcuate surface generated about and facing away from the
hinge axis. The male hinge member mounts a plastic brake having an
arcuate surface generated about and facing the hinge axis for
engagement with the arcuate surface of the lever. A spring
extending between the female hinge member and the other end of the
lever biases the arcuate surface of the lever into frictional
engagement with the arcuate surface of the brake. The depending
flange also has lead in surfaces providing a smooth transition to
the center arcuate surface the female hinge member includes and a
stop preventing engagement of the lever the and brake when the door
is in closed position to prevent the brake from taking a permanent
set. Moving the door from closed position to open position moves
the arcuate surface of the lever along the arcuate surface of the
brake to produce a frictional drag which wedges the surfaces apart
against the action of the spring to decrease the effort of opening
the door. Moving the door from open position to closed position
moves the arcuate surface of the lever oppositely along the arcuate
surface of the brake to produce a frictional drag which wedges the
surfaces together aiding the action of the spring to increase the
effort of closing the door. When the door is in an intermediate
position between the open and closed positions, the engagement
between the arcuate surfaces of the lever and brake prevents
movement of the door toward either the open or closed positions
until a predetermined force is applied to the door.
Inventors: |
Lohr; Thomas E. (Warren,
MI) |
Assignee: |
General Motors Corporation
(Detroit, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
25253978 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/829,255 |
Filed: |
June 2, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
16/327 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05D
11/082 (20130101); E05D 11/1071 (20130101); E05Y
2900/531 (20130101); Y10T 16/54025 (20150115); E05Y
2201/21 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E05D
11/08 (20060101); E05D 11/10 (20060101); E05D
11/00 (20060101); E05d 011/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;16/142,145,180,146,140,141 ;126/191,192,194 ;16/85 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gay; Bobby R.
Assistant Examiner: Troutman; Doris L.
Claims
I claim:
1. An infinite position hold open hinge comprising, a pair of
pivotally interconnected hinge members movable between first and
second positions, a first element mounted on one member and having
an arcuate surface generated about the hinge axis, a second element
pivotally mounted to the other member for movement therewith and
movement relative thereto about an element axis independent of the
hinge axis, the second element having an arcuate surface generated
about the hinge axis and frictionally engageable with the arcuate
surface of the first element during swinging movement of the
members, means resiliently maintaining the second element in the
path of the first element, the element axis being located
circumferentially behind the arcuate surface of the second element
and the frictional drag generated between the arcuate surfaces
pivoting the second element into the first element to increase the
friction and the force required to move the members relative to
each other from the first position to the second position, the
element axis being located circumferentially ahead of the arcuate
surface of the second element and the frictional drag generated
between the arcuate surfaces pivoting the second element away from
the first element to decrease the friction and the force required
to move the members relative to each other from the second position
to the first position, the frictional engagement between the
arcuate surfaces maintaining the hinge members in any stationary
position between first and second positions.
2. An infinite position hold open hinge comprising, a pair of
pivotally interconnected hinge members movable between first and
second positions, a brake mounted on one member and having an
arcuate surface generated about the hinge axis, a lever pivotally
mounted at one end to the other member for movement about a lever
axis independent of the hinge axis, the lever having an arcuate
surface adjacent the other end generated about the hinge axis and
frictionally engageable with the arcuate surface of the brake
during swinging movement of the members, means resiliently
maintaining the other end of the lever in the path of the brake,
the lever axis being located circumferentially behind the arcuate
surface of the lever and the frictional drag generated between the
arcuate surfaces pivoting the lever about the lever axis into the
brake to increase the friction and the force required to move the
members relative to each other from the first position to the
second position, the lever axis being located circumferentially
ahead of the arcuate surface of the lever and the frictional drag
generated between the arcuate surfaces pivoting the lever about the
lever axis away from the brake to decrease the friction and the
force required to move the members relative to each other from the
second position to the first position, the frictional engagement
between the arcuate surfaces maintaining the hinge members in any
stationary position between first and second positions.
3. An infinite position hold open hinge as recited in claim 2
including means maintaining the arcuate surfaces out of frictional
engagement when the members are in one of the positions
thereof.
4. An infinite position hold open hinge comprising, a pair of
pivotally interconnected hinge members movable between first and
second positions, a brake mounted on one member and having an
arcuate surface generated about the hinge axis, a lever pivotally
mounted at one end to the other member for movement about a lever
axis independent of the hinge axis, the lever having an arcuate
surface adjacent the other end generated about the hinge axis and
frictionally engageable with the arcuate surface of the brake, one
arcuate surface having a lead in surface generated about an axis
other than the hinge axis and tangentially merging with the one
arcuate surface, a spring mounted between the lever and the other
member for resiliently maintaining the other end of the lever in
the path of the brake, the lever axis being located
circumferentially behind the arcuate surface of the lever and the
lead-in surface initially moving into engagement with the other
arcuate surface and then moving the one arcuate surface into
engagement with the other arcuate surface to generate a frictional
drag between the arcuate surfaces which swings the lever about the
lever axis into the brake to increase the friction and the force
required to move the members relative to each other from the first
position to the second position, the lever axis being located
circumferentially ahead of the arcuate surface of the lever and the
frictional drag generated between the arcuate surfaces pivoting the
lever about the lever axis away from the brake to decrease the
friction and the force required to move the members relative to
each other from the second position to the first position, the
frictional engagement between the arcuate surfaces maintaining the
hinge members in any relative stationary position, and stop means
mounted on one member and engaging the lever when the members are
in one of the positions thereof to locate the lead in surface out
of engagement with the brake.
Description
This invention relates to hold open hinges and more particularly to
infinite position hold open hinges.
The infinite position hold open hinge of this invention utilizes
the frictional engagement between mating arcuate surfaces to hold a
door in any stationary position. The arcuate surfaces are relative
to each other so that a greater force is required to close the door
than is required to open the same door.
In its preferred embodiment, the hinge includes conventional male
and female members pivotally interconnected and mounted
respectively to a vehicle body and a door. One end of the lever is
pivotally mounted inboard of the hinge axis to the female hinge
member and is biased away from the female hinge member by a spring.
The other end of the lever has a center arcuate surface generated
about and facing away from the hinge axis with a lead in surface at
either end of the center arcuate surface. A mating arcuate surface
is located on a brake mounted on the male hinge member. The spring
biases the other end of the lever away from the female hinge member
to insure engagement of the arcuate surfaces in all positions of
the door but closed position where the spring moves the lever
against a stop so that the lead in surface can be moved away from
the arcuate surface of the brake.
The pivot of the lever is such that opening the door moves the
other end of the lever along the brake causing a frictional drag
between the engaging arcuate surfaces which wedges the surfaces
apart against the action of the spring thereby reducing the
friction therebetween and the effort required to open the door.
Closing the door moves the other end of the lever oppositely along
the brake causing a frictional drag between the engaging arcuate
surfaces which wedges the surfaces together along with the action
of the spring thereby increasing the friction therebetween and the
effort required to close the door. The frictional engagement
between the arcuate surfaces holds the door in any position between
open and closed in which it is left to give the hinge an infinite
position hold open capacity.
Therefore it is an object of this invention to provide an infinite
position hold open door hinge with engaging arcuate surfaces which
wedge themselves apart as the door is moved in one direction and
which wedge themselves together as the door is moved in the
opposite direction to decrease the force required to move the door
in the one direction and increase the force required to move the
door in the other direction while also frictionally maintaining the
door in any stationary position. It is a further object of this
invention to provide such a door hinge for a vehicle body with the
door opening in the one direction and closing in the other
direction. It is another object of this invention to provide such a
hinge including male and female hinge members pivotally
interconnected with one end of a lever pivotally mounted to one
member and the other end of the lever frictionally engaging a brake
mounted on the other member. It is another object of this invention
to provide such a hinge wherein the brake and the other end of the
lever have mating arcuate surfaces generated about the hinge axis.
It is another object of this invention to provide such a hinge
wherein the arcuate surface of the lever has a lead in surface and
the hinge has a stop which permits the lead in surface to disengage
from the arcuate surface of the brake in the door closed
position.
These and further objects of this invention will become apparent
from the following detailed description and drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a partially broken-away view of a vehicle body with a
door mounted to the body by an infinite position hold open hinge
according to this invention with the door shown in closed
position;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken along the lines 2--2 of FIG. 1
with the door shown in closed position;
FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the door starting to
move from the closed position to the open position;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the door midway between
open and closed positions;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the door in the open
position; and
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the hinge when the door is in the
open position.
Referring now to FIG. 1, a conventional vehicle body 10 includes a
conventional vehicle body door 12 swingably mounted thereon by an
upper conventional hinge (not shown) and a lower infinite position
hold open hinge 14, according to this invention. As is
conventional, the axis of the hinges has a slight tilt relative to
the vertical so that the door 12 will fall back from open to closed
position.
As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the infinite position hold open
hinge 14 includes a channel-shaped male hinge member 16 bolted at
18 to the body pillar wall 20 of the vehicle body 10 and pivotally
interconnected at 22 to a channel-shaped female hinge member 24
bolted at 26 to the hinge pillar wall of the door 12. The female
hinge member 24 has on its upper and lower flanges a pair of
opposed stops 28, shown in FIGS. 3 and 7. These stops engage the
upper and lower flanges of the male hinge member 16 to halt the
swinging movement of the door 12 once the open position is
reached.
As best seen in FIG. 7 a generally pointed brake 30 is riveted at
32 to the upper flange of the male hinge member 16 with the point
of the brake facing outboard of the vehicle. The brake 30 is made
of any suitable material, such as nylon or polyurethane, which has
both a high static coefficient of friction and a low sliding
coefficient of friction. The brake 30 has an arcuate surface 34
that is generated about and faces the hinge axis 22.
A lever 36, as seen in FIG. 7, is pivotally mounted at 38 adjacent
one end to a raised step on the upper flange of the female hinge
member 24. The other end 40 of lever 36 has a depending flange 42
with a center arcuate surface 44 facing away from and generated
about the hinge axis 22 with substantially the same radius of
curvature as arcuate surface 34. The depending flange 42 also has a
lead-in surface 46 at each end of the center arcuate surface 44 of
a radius less than the radius thereof and generated about an axis
between the hinge axis 22 and the center arcuate surface 44. The
two lead-in surfaces 46 merge tangentially into the center arcuate
surface 44 to provide a smooth transition to the center arcuate
surface 44 for a purpose which will appear later.
As best seen in FIG. 7 a coil spring 48 has one end seated on an
embossed upwardly extending flange 50 of female hinge member 24.
The other end of the coil spring 48 seats on a laterally extending
tab 52 on the other end 40 of the lever 36 on the opposite side
thereof from the center arcuate surface 44. As seen in FIGS. 2
through 7, the spring 48 biases lever 36 counterclockwise about the
pivot 38 and in the closed position of the door, as shown in FIG.
2, the lever 36 engages an upwardly extending tab 54 of the upper
flange of the female hinge member 24 to limit its counterclockwise
movement.
Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3 where the door 12 is in closed
position, the door 12 is opened by swinging it counterclockwise
about the hinge axis 22 which moves the female hinge member 24 and
the lever 36 attached thereto also counterclockwise. As the door 12
swings counterclockwise, the female hinge member 24 and the lever
36 move from the position shown in FIG. 2 to the position shown in
FIG. 4 which moves the end 40 of lever 36 along the brake member
30. The relative movement causes lead-in surface 46 to pick up
arcuate surface 34 of the brake 30 and the engagement of the two
surfaces 46 and 34 as they move compresses spring 48 and pivots
lever 36 slightly clockwise about pivot 38 so that center arcuate
surface 44 will slide smoothly onto arcuate surface 34 of the brake
30. The compressed spring 48 urges the center arcuate surface 44
against arcuate surface 34 for frictional engagement
therebetween.
As the door 12 continues to open, the hinge 14 moves from the
position shown in FIG. 4 through the position shown in FIG. 5 to
the position shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 where the door 12 is in the
open position. During this door opening movement, the urging of the
compressed spring 48 insures the continued engagement of the
surfaces 34 and 44 and causes a frictional drag therebetween which
resists the movement of the door 12 and which wedges the lever 36
clockwise against the action of the spring 48 to reduce the normal
force between the two surfaces 44 and 34. The reduction in the
normal force between the surfaces 44 and 34 reduces the frictional
drag therebetween and decreases the force needed to move the door
from closed to open positions. The decrease in the normal force
continues as long as the door is moving from the position of FIG. 4
adjacent the closed position to the open position of FIG. 6 where
further opening movement is halted by the stops 28 engaging the
male hinge member 16.
As the door 12 moves from the open position of FIGS. 6 and 7 to the
closed position of FIGS. 2 and 3, the action of the hinge is
reversed. The door 12 moves clockwise from the open position with
the center arcuate surface 44 of the lever 36 engaging the arcuate
surface 34 of the brake 30 as in FIG. 6 and through the position
shown in FIG. 5 to the position shown in FIG. 4 adjacent the closed
position. During this movement, the female hinge member 24 and the
lever 36 move clockwise and the center arcuate surface 44 slides
along arcuate surface 34. During this movement the compression
spring 48 again insures the continued engagement of the surfaces 34
and 44. The engagement of the surfaces 34 and 44 causes a
frictional drag therebetween which resists the movement of the door
12 and which wedges the lever 36 counterclockwise aiding the action
of the compressed spring 48 and increasing the normal force between
the surfaces 34 and 44. The increase in the normal force between
the surfaces 34 and 44 increases the frictional drag therebetween
and increases the force needed to move the door from open to closed
positions. The increase in force required to close the door
partially compensates for the decrease in force normally required
to close the door because of the tilted hinge axis causing the door
to fall back to closed position.
Continuing the closing movement from the position shown in FIG. 4
to the position shown in FIG. 2 moves the center arcuate surface 44
along arcuate surface 34 until the lead in surface 46 moves onto
the arcuate surface 34. The lead-in surface 46 moves partially
along surface 34 as the compressed spring 48 pivots the lever 36
slightly counterclockwise against the tab 54, as shown in FIG. 2.
The tab 54 thus limits the counterclockwise movement of the lever
36 enabling the lead-in surface 46 to move away from the arcuate
surface 34 as the door 12 reaches the closed position of FIG. 2.
This prevents any set in the surfaces which might occur if the
surfaces remained engaged for any long period in any one position
such as while the door is closed.
If the movement of the female hinge portion 24 is stopped while
moving in either direction between open and closed positions, the
frictional engagement between surfaces 34 and 44 acting on the male
and female hinge members 16 and 24 will maintain the female hinge
member 24 and the door 12 in that stationary position until
movement of the door is again commenced. The position in which the
movement of the door 12 is stopped may be any position between open
and closed thereby giving the hinge 14 an infinite position hold
open capacity.
Thus, an infinite position hold open hinge, according to this
invention, utilizes the frictional engagement between a brake and a
pivotally mounted lever having engaging arcuate surfaces to require
a greater force to close the door mounted by such a hinge than is
required to open the same door and yet holds the door in any
intermediate position between open and closed position.
* * * * *