U.S. patent number 3,640,831 [Application Number 04/884,840] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-08 for protective body pad.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Protective Pads, Inc.. Invention is credited to Donald R. Cochren, Lawrence J. Gardner.
United States Patent |
3,640,831 |
Gardner , et al. |
February 8, 1972 |
PROTECTIVE BODY PAD
Abstract
A protective pad made up of lamination-shaped sheets of
cushioning material, each sheet having adjacent trapped air pockets
with the lamination being enclosed in a moisture impervious
envelope of latex or closely woven polyester fiber.
Inventors: |
Gardner; Lawrence J. (Dallas,
TX), Cochren; Donald R. (Richardson, TX) |
Assignee: |
Protective Pads, Inc. (Dallas,
TX)
|
Family
ID: |
25385532 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/884,840 |
Filed: |
December 15, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/72; 428/76;
428/475.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41H
1/00 (20130101); A63B 71/081 (20130101); Y10T
428/239 (20150115); Y10T 428/31739 (20150401); A63B
2071/083 (20130101); Y10T 428/234 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
71/08 (20060101); F41H 1/00 (20060101); B32b
003/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;161/43,122,127,131,135,137,68,88,92,149 ;156/197,210,213 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Powell; William A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A lightweight impact-absorbing pad for protecting a portion of
the human body comprising:
a. a plurality of flexible cushioning sheets laminated together to
form a pad generally conforming to the external shape of the
portion of the body to be protected, each of said sheets comprising
a first layer of flexible plastic material and a second layer of
plastic material bonded to said first layer and defining a
plurality of sealed air pockets therebetween;
b. a relatively rigid member of predetermined shape disposed
between two of said flexible cushioning sheets; and
c. a substantially moisture impervious envelope enclosing said
plurality of flexible cushioning sheets.
2. A pad as set forth in claim 1 wherein said envelope is closely
woven nylon.
3. A lightweight impact-absorbing pad for protecting a portion of
the human body comprising:
a. a plurality of flexible cushioning sheets laminated together to
form a pad generally conforming to the external shape of the
portion of the body to be protected, each of said cushioning sheets
comprising first and second layers of flexible plastic material,
said second layer bonded to said first layer and defining a
plurality of sealed air pockets adjacent one side of said first
layer, said pad comprising a first cushioning sheet, at least one
additional cushioning sheet laminated thereto, the first layer of
the first additional sheet being laminated to the second layer of
the adjacent first sheet, and at least a second additional
cushioning sheet, the second layer of said second additional
cushioning sheet being laminated to the second layer of the
adjacent additional cushioning sheet; and
b. an envelope enclosing said plurality of flexible cushioning
sheets, said envelope being comprised of a material which is
substantially moisture impervious and which does not react with
adhesive tape.
4. A pad as set forth in claim 3
wherein said cushioning sheets are bonded together to define a
unitary lamination.
5. A pad as set forth in claim 3 wherein said envelope is closely
woven nylon.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to protective pads suitable for use by
athletes in contact sports, or in other sports where protection of
body members against impact or abrasion injuries is desirable.
The object of this invention is to provide a novel construction for
a protective pad which produces pads which are extremely
lightweight, which have low-moisture absorption characteristics,
which have high impact absorption, which are readily fabricated
into desired shapes and configurations, and which retain their
effectiveness for a long period of time.
These objects are achieved in a pad which is made up of a
lamination of sheets, including a plurality of flexible cushioning
sheets each of which defines relatively closely spaced side by side
closed air pockets. The cushioning sheets may be bonded together
defining a unitary assembly. A relatively rigid sheet may be
included in the lamination to define a relatively inflexible pad.
The lamination is enclosed in an envelope or cover defining a
smooth outer surface for the pad.
Protective pads fabricated according to the invention are much
lighter in weight than those presently used for this purpose and
which are of comparable size. Pads fabricated according to the
invention have a much higher impact absorption than protective pads
of comparable size which are presently used. In the fabrication of
pads according to the invention, the pads are readily formed to any
desired size, shape or configuration for any desired use such as
arm pads, kidney pads, shoulder pads and other.
DRAWINGS
The novel features of the invention, as well as additional objects
and advantages thereof, will be understood more fully from the
following description when read in connection with the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a face view of a generally oval-shaped pad, such as an
arm pad;
FIG. 2 is an end view of the pad of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view of the surface of a sheet of cushion
material employed in the fabrication of the pad;
FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the cushioning sheet, as
viewed along the Line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial transverse section view of a pad as viewed
along the Line 5--5 of FIG. 1, illustrating one form of pad
lamination;
FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view similar to FIG. 5, showing
another form of pad lamination; and
FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view similar to FIG. 5
illustrating another form of envelope for a pad.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings illustrate, in outline form, a
protective pad 10 such as might be applied to the forearm for
example, the pad being generally oval shaped when viewed from one
face having straight side edges and curved ends. Viewed from one
end as in FIG. 2, the pad 10 may have a preset curvature which is
built into the pad during fabrication as will be described.
As will be described more fully, the pad 10 is built up of a
plurality of sheets or layers making up a lamination, and the
lamination is enclosed in an envelope or cover having properties to
be described. With the structure to be described, the protective
pads may be conveniently made to any shape or outline and also
conform to any desired curvature or configuration.
The principal components of the protective pads according to the
invention are a plurality of cushioning sheets 15, one of which is
illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. The cushioning sheets are made up of
two adjoining sheets of plastic film such as polyethylene film. One
sheet 16 is relatively flat or planar defining a base for the
cushioning sheet; while the other sheet 17 is formed with a
plurality of closely spaced domes or bosses 18 protruding from one
side which define recesses 19 extending from the opposite side. As
viewed in cross section in FIG. 4, the domes 18 are generally
cylindrical with flatted tops; however, domes of other shapes may
also be employed. In FIG. 3, the cushioning sheet is viewed from
the dome side; and it will be seen that the domes are closely
spaced relative to each other being disposed in an array of
adjacent rows angled 45.degree. from the horizontal as viewed in
FIG. 3. Accordingly, there is provided an array of side by side,
closely spaced recesses 19. The contiguous portions of the sheets
16 and 17, as viewed in FIG. 4, are sealed to each other so that
the recesses 19 define, with the base sheet 16, discrete chambers
or cells which are filled with air and which function as individual
pneumatic cushions.
One form of internal construction of a pad is illustrated in FIG.
5, which is a partial transverse sectional view of the pad 10
viewed along the Line 5--5 of FIG. 1. In this form, the pad is made
up of a plurality of cushioning sheets of a type illustrated in
FIGS. 3 and 4, three such sheets 21, 22 and 23 being shown by way
of example. In the fabrication of the pad 10, the three sheets
would be precut to the desired shape, and the pad would be built up
to the desired thickness by laying the precut sheets one on the
other in the desired laminar arrangement. In the assembly of the
several sheets, the lower sheet 21, as indicated in FIG. 5, is
oriented so that its base film 16 defines one outward facing
surface of the lamination and the upper sheet 23 is inverted
relative to the sheet 21 so that its base film 16 also defines an
outer face of the lamination. This arrangement is preferred so that
the relatively smooth base sheets 16 are presented as the outer
surfaces of the lamination rather than the domed sheets 17.
To complete the fabrication of the pad 10, the assembled sheets 21
to 23 are held together in any suitable manner while the assembly
is coated with a layer of latex, which defines an enclosing and
sealing envelope for the lamination of cushioning sheets. The latex
coating may be applied in any suitable manner such as by a brushing
operation or by a dipping operation. When the latex has set, the
pad is provided with a flexible, tough and moisture impervious
cover which is particularly well suited for use as an athletic
protective pad.
With this construction, it is particularly desirable that the base
sheets 16 of the outer sheets 21 and 23 present the outer surfaces
of the lamination, so that the latex material does not fill the
spaces between the adjacent domes 18 in the film 17 to impair the
cushioning effect of the corresponding cells 19.
If it is desired to fabricate a pad 10 with a built-in curvature as
illustrated in FIG. 2 for example, the pad may be built up by
stacking the several cushioning sheets 21 to 23 on an appropriately
curved form and providing a suitable adhesive cement on the
contiguous surfaces of the sheets to produce a bonded lamination.
After the adhesive has set, the lamination of sheets will retain
its predetermined shape during the application of the latex
envelope 24, or other suitable envelope or cover for the pad.
Preferably, the adhesive material is a type that remains pliable
after the setting to enhance the cushioning effect of the assembled
pad.
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 illustrating an alternative form
of pad construction wherein a relatively rigid member is included
to provide a relatively inflexible pad. In this fabrication of this
pad the lower portion of the pad section, as viewed in FIG. 6,
includes three cushioning sheets 31, 32 and 33 of the type
illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. These sheets may be stacked with the
base films 16 on the under side of the respective sheets. A rigid
plate 34, which may be fabricated of a high-impact plastic such as
polystyrene for example, is included as a sheet overlying the
cushioning sheet 33; and a cushioning sheet 35 overlies the rigid
sheet 34. The cushioning sheet 35, being the only sheet on the
upper side of the rigid sheet 34, is arranged so that its base film
16 defines the upper outer surface of the lamination.
As with the pad of FIG. 5, all of the cushioning sheets as well as
the rigid sheet 34 are preferably precut to the desired size.
Assembled sheets 32 through 35 are again held in an assembled
relation, either through a permanent adhesive bonding or by any
suitable temporary means while a latex envelope 36 is applied to
enclose and seal the lamination.
Where a curved pad is desired, the rigid plate 34 will preferably
have a preformed curvature which will then define the curvature for
the assembled pad.
In the use of a pad of the type shown in FIG. 6 as a relatively
inflexible curved thigh pad for football equipment for example, the
concave face of the pad 30 would preferably be the face 37 thereby
providing a greater number of cushioning sheets 31, 32 and 33
between the rigid sheet 34 and the leg of the athlete. The face 38
then would be the outer convex face of the pad; there being fewer
cushioning sheets, only one sheet 35 being shown, between the outer
face of the rigid sheet 34 and the pad covering 36.
FIG. 7 of the drawing is a view similar to FIG. 5 illustrating a
pad similar in construction to that of FIG. 5 including three
cushioning sheets 41, 42 and 43 of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
Only three cushioning sheets are shown for this pad, by way of
example, with the sheets 41 and 43 being the outer sheets for this
assembly. As with the construction of FIG. 5, the sheets 41 and 43
preferably have their base films 16 defining the outer faces of the
lamination to present relatively smooth surfaces to the envelope or
cover.
The envelope for the pad 40 is a fabric cover preferably made of a
closely woven fabric of polyester fiber. As viewed in FIG. 7, the
cover includes upper and lower portions 44 and 45 covering the
opposite faces of the pad 40, with the portions 44 and 45 being
joined at a sewn seam 46 extending around the periphery of the pad.
A fabric of closely woven polyester or polyamide fiber, such as
Nylon, presents a cover which is rugged and which is relatively
impervious to moisture.
Desirable features of the envelope or cover for protective pad of
the type described are that the cover material does not react in
any way to adhesive tape which is frequently used to secure the pad
to the body or clothing of the athlete, and that the cover be
sufficiently rugged to permit the repeated application of and
removal of the adhesive tape for repeated use of the pad. Pads with
envelopes or covers above described have these desired
characteristics.
A particular feature and advantage of pads according to the
invention is that they are much lighter in weight than presently
used athletic protection pads. A related advantage is that these
pads have a very low rate of moisture absorption so that the weight
of the pads does not increase for this reason.
Another particular feature and advantage of the pads constructed
according to the invention is that they have a very high impact
absorption, due to the structure which provides a multiplicity of
discrete pneumatic cushion cells which provide a high capacity for
shock absorption. Another advantage of the structure according to
the invention is that pads retain their capacity to absorb impacts
for a much longer period than do pads of other construction used
for this purpose.
Another advantage of the invention is that the pads may be
fabricated of any desired thickness, shape or contour.
Particularly, since the cushioning sheets are very flexible they
are easily shaped to the desired contour and configuration and are
readily cut to the desired size.
With the lightweight construction according to the present
invention, pads of the same size as existing pads will have better
impact absorption and therefore provide better protection for the
users. Alternatively, pads may be constructed with less weight and
bulk while providing the same degree of protection.
* * * * *