U.S. patent number 3,640,576 [Application Number 05/044,158] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-08 for furniture construction.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Art Metal-Knoll Corporation. Invention is credited to Bruce R. Hannah, Andrew Ivar Morrison.
United States Patent |
3,640,576 |
Morrison , et al. |
February 8, 1972 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION
Abstract
An article of furniture utilizing two identical sidepiece
members and two identical stretcher members. The sidepiece and
stretcher members are laterally coupled together such that upon
pivotal movement of the stretcher members in one direction, the
sidepiece members move toward each other and can be disengaged, and
upon pivotal stretcher movement in the opposite direction, the
sidepiece members move away from each other and become locked
together. A piece of fabric is positioned between the two sidepiece
members and is tensioned by appropriate pivotal movement of the
stretcher members.
Inventors: |
Morrison; Andrew Ivar
(Brooklyn, NY), Hannah; Bruce R. (Staten Island, NY) |
Assignee: |
Art Metal-Knoll Corporation
(New York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
21930820 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/044,158 |
Filed: |
June 8, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/440.11;
297/248; 403/349; 297/448.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47C
4/028 (20130101); A47C 5/12 (20130101); A47C
4/02 (20130101); A47C 7/16 (20130101); A47C
31/023 (20130101); Y10T 403/7007 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
4/02 (20060101); A47C 5/00 (20060101); A47C
4/00 (20060101); A47C 5/12 (20060101); A47C
7/02 (20060101); A47C 7/16 (20060101); A47C
31/00 (20060101); A47C 31/02 (20060101); A47c
004/02 (); A47c 007/20 (); A47c 007/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/218,219,232,244,248,440,445,452,455-457,60 ;287/13A ;5/82 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nunberg; Casmir A.
Claims
We claim:
1. Furniture construction comprising a sidepiece member, a
stretcher member, and means laterally locking the members together
while permitting relative lateral movement of the members upon
pivotal movement of the stretcher member about an axis extending
laterally from the sidepiece member, said locking means comprising
an opening in one of the members to receive a part of the other
member, said part of said other member comprising a hub which is
received in the opening in said one member, said hub and said
opening being generally cylindrically shaped, one of the hub and
said opening including a channel in the surface thereof, at least
one projection included on the other of said hub surface and
opening surface and engaged by said channel, the channel including
a portion which is skewed with respect to a plane perpendicular to
said lateral axis so that, upon pivotal movement of the stretcher
member about said axis, the sidepiece and stretcher members undergo
said relative lateral movement.
2. Furniture construction according to claim 1, in which the
opening is in the sidepiece member, said opening being large enough
to receive two of such stretcher members positioned end to end in
order to gang together the stretcher members, with each stretcher
member laterally locked to the sidepiece member to achieve said
relative lateral movement.
3. Furniture construction according to claim 7, in which there are
two projections extending into the opening and spaced substantially
opposite each other, and there are two of such channel portions for
engaging the projections.
4. Furniture construction comprising a sidepiece member, a
stretcher member, and means laterally locking the members together
while permitting relative lateral movement of the members upon
pivotal movement of the stretcher member about an axis extending
laterally from the sidepiece member, including a second sidepiece
member, said stretcher member joining together said two sidepiece
members and coupled to each for outward relative movement of the
sidepiece members upon said pivotal movement of the stretcher
member in one direction and inward relative movement of the
sidepiece members upon said pivotal stretcher member movement in an
opposite direction, each sidepiece member including a channel
therein for retaining the side edge of a piece of fabric which is
stretched between the two sidepiece members, the fabric being
appropriately tensioned by pivotal movement of the stretcher
member.
5. Furniture construction comprising sidepiece member, a stretcher
member, and means laterally locking the members together while
permitting relative lateral movement of the members upon pivotal
movement of the stretcher member about an axis extending laterally
from the sidepiece member, including a second sidepiece member,
said stretcher member joining together said two sidepiece members
and coupled to each for outward relative movement of the sidepiece
members upon said pivotal movement of the stretcher member in one
direction and inward relative movement of the sidepiece members
upon said pivotal stretcher member movement in an opposite
direction, including another one of such stretcher members
laterally locked with two sidepiece members.
6. Furniture construction comprising a sidepiece member, a
stretcher member, and means laterally locking the members together
while permitting relative lateral movement of the members upon
pivotal movement of the stretcher member about an axis extending
laterally from the sidepiece member, including a second sidepiece
member, said stretcher member joining together said two sidepiece
members and coupled to each for outward relative movement of the
sidepiece members upon said pivotal movement of the stretcher
member in one direction and inward relative movement of the
sidepiece members upon said pivotal stretcher member movement in an
opposite direction, each sidepiece member including an opening
therein to receive a corresponding end of the stretcher member.
7. Furniture construction according to claim 6, in which each end
of the stretcher member comprises an end hub which is received in
the opening in the corresponding sidepiece member.
8. Furniture construction according to claim 7, in which each
sidepiece member includes at least one projection extending into
the opening thereof to be engaged by a portion of the stretcher
member hub that interfits therewith.
9. Furniture construction according to claim 8, in which the
interfitting portion of each hub comprises a channel in the hub
which includes a portion which is skewed with respect to a plane
perpendicular to said lateral axis.
Description
BACKGROUND AND BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to furniture construction. More
particularly, it is directed to furniture which is relatively
inexpensive to produce and which may be assembled very easily.
Furniture in accordance with the invention essentially uses only
two structural members, namely, a sidepiece member and a stretcher
member. For a chair, for example, two identical sidepiece members
and two identical stretcher members are utilized to make the basic
frame of the chair. A piece of fabric is positioned between the two
sidepiece members and is held in place by these members.
An important aspect of the invention is the coupling together of
stretcher and sidepiece members. In particular, these members are
laterally locked together so that, upon pivotal movement of the
stretcher member, the two members move relatively laterally. Thus
in the basic framework consisting of two sidepiece members coupled
together by two stretcher members, when the stretcher members are
moved pivotally in one direction, the two sidepiece members move
toward each other. In the same fashion, when the two stretcher
members are pivotally moved in the opposite direction, the two
sidepiece members move away from each other. The fabric piece,
which advantageously utilizes beading along the sides thereof, may
be easily slipped into place between the two sidepieces when they
are in positions closest to each other. (The beading on the edges
of the fabric is retained in grooves in the sidepiece members).
With the fabric in place, the stretcher members are then pivoted to
"lock" with and to move the sidepiece members away from each other
and appropriately to tension the fabric.
The entire operation of assembling a chair, consisting of engaging
the stretcher members and sidepiece members, inserting the fabric,
and pivoting the stretcher members to tension the fabric and lock
the frame pieces together, can take place in a few seconds' time.
It will be appreciated, therefore that the assembly time involved
in putting together an article of furniture, is greatly reduced
from that normally involved in conventional furniture. Ease in
assembly permits knockdown storage and shipping, and permits
assembly by unskilled personnel.
The stretcher and sidepiece members may be easily fabricated, for
example, by plastic injection molding techniques. Thus furniture in
accordance with the invention is relatively inexpensive to produce,
especially since the basic framework involves only two pieces.
The invention also involves a construction by which adjacent items
of furniture may be ganged together. Further, the invention is
suitable for many different items of furniture of different shapes,
all utilizing the basic principle of sidepiece and stretcher
members.
The invention will be more completely understood by reference to
the following detailed description of presently preferred,
representative embodiments thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are respectively top and front and side views of a
chair embodying the invention.
FIGS. 4 and 5 are similar views showing the details of construction
and the tensioning of fabric, with FIG. 5 constituting a sectional
view of the chair of FIG. 3, taken along the section 5--5.
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of part of the chair showing the details
of the coupling mechanism of stretcher and sidepiece members.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the chair of FIG. 3, taken along the
section 7--7.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of parts of two chairs ganged together
in side-by-side fashion.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the section 9--9 in FIG.
8.
FIG. 10 is a side view of a chair the same as that shown in FIGS. 1
to 3, except that the chair of FIG. 10 includes arms. FIG. 11 is a
side view of a low-back lounge embodying the invention.
FIG. 12 is a side view of a high-back lounge embodying the
invention.
FIGS. 13 and 14 are respectively side and front views of a bench
embodying the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate a side chair embodying the invention. The
chair includes two identical sidepiece members 20 and 22 that are
joined together by two identical stretcher members 24 and 26. FIG.
6 shows the stretcher member 26 in detail. A piece of fabric 28
bridges the two sidepiece members 20 and 22.
Referring to FIG. 3, the sidepiece member 20 will be described (it
should be remembered that the sidepiece member 22 is identical).
The sidepiece member constitutes a frame which includes a support
portion 20a for resting on a support surface, and front and rear
frame parts 20b and 20c which extend upwardly from the support
portion 20a. The front and rear frame parts terminate respectively
in cylindrical hub receiving portions 20d and 20e. As may be noted
from FIG. 6, the hub-receiving portion 20e is formed with a
cylindrical opening 20f therethrough and includes two projections
30 and 32 which are positioned approximately 180.degree. apart on
the cylindrical surface. The projections are typically located
midway between the two side surfaces of the hub receiving portion
20e. Referring again to FIG. 3, the two hub-receiving portions 20d
and 20e are joined together by frame structure 20g. The frame
structure 20g may be considered as a single piece, although in
fabrication it is typically formed from two distinct pieces 20g'
(lower) and 20g" (upper).
The sidepiece member 20 is typically made of plastic and is
injection molded. Because it is not possible to undercut by
injection molding techniques, the sidepiece member 20 is generally
injection molded so as to include the support portion 20a, the
front and rear frame parts 20b and 20c, the hub-receiving portions
20d and 20e and the lower frame piece 20g' (all in one injection
molding operation). The frame piece 20g" is separately injection
molded and then is joined by welding, e.g., to the remainder of the
sidepiece member. In this fashion and referring to FIGS. 4 and 6,
two grooves 34 and 36 may be formed in the sides of the frame that
constitutes the sidepiece member. The grooves 34 and 36 are used to
retain the fabric of the chair in place, as shown in FIG. 7. With
reference to that figure, the fabric is typically made of a first
piece of material 28a which is exposed to view, and an underlying
piece 28b which is used as a tension member for support purposes.
The pieces 28a and 28b are wrapped around a cord 38 along each side
thereof, and are stitched as shown at 40. Thus along the sides of
the fabric an enlargement is formed which is positioned within one
of the grooves 34 or 36 when the chair is assembled.
Referring to FIG. 6, the details of one of the stretcher members is
shown. As noted above, the stretcher members are identical.
Stretcher member 26 includes a central portion 26a which terminates
in end hubs 26b and 26c generally cylindrical in shape. The end hub
26b includes channels 42 and 44, while the other end hub 26c
includes corresponding channels 46 and 48. Taking channel 44 as
representative, it includes a first portion 44a that extends to the
outer edge of the hub and a portion 44b that extends around the
periphery of the hub for an angular segment close to 180.degree..
The channel portion 44b is skewed with respect to a plane
perpendicular to the axis of the stretcher member, as is readily
seen from FIG. 6. All the channels are so formed (see FIGS. 4 to
6). In particular, channels 44 and 48 which occupy corresponding
angular segments include channel portions 44a and 44b, 48a and 48b;
the portions 44b and 48b are skewed outwardly with respect to a
plane perpendicular to the axis of the stretcher member. Similarly,
channels 42 and 46 include channel portions 42a and 42b, 46a and
46b; the portions 42b and 46b are so skewed.
In assembling the chair shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the stretcher
members 24 and 26 are positioned so that the channel portions
corresponding to portion 44a in FIG. 6 are aligned with the
projections 30 and 32 in the sidepiece members. The sidepiece
members are then moved inwardly toward each other and, in this
angular orientation of the stretcher members, the two sidepiece
members are positioned as close to each other as they may be. At
this time, the fabric is placed within the grooves 34 and 36 in the
sidepiece members, as shown in FIG. 4. At this time the fabric is
not under tension, as shown in FIG. 4. The stretcher members 24 and
26 are then pivoted in a clockwise direction with respect to FIG.
3. The projections 30 and 32 in the sidepiece member 20, for
example, are respectively engaged within the channels 42 and 44
move within the skewed channel portions (corresponding to the
portion 44b shown in FIG. 6). Because these channels portions are
skewed, the sidepiece members and the stretcher members undergo
relative lateral movement such that the two sidepiece members 20
and 22 move away from each other. As the sidepiece members so move,
the fabric 28 is placed under appropriate tension, as shown in FIG.
5. Typically, the stretcher members 24 and 26 are pivoted so that
the projections 30 and 32 move all the way to the ends of the
skewed channel portions, locking together the stretchers and
sidepieces.
In this fashion, assembly of the chair is completed.
FIG. 8 shows the details of construction of a sidepiece member 50
used in ganging two chairs together in side-by-side fashion. The
sidepiece member is constructed in the same fashion as the
sidepiece member 20 and 22, except that it is somewhat wider in
order to produce a wider hub-receiving portion 52. Within the
hub-receiving portion 52, four projections 54, 56, 58 and 60 are
included, corresponding to the projections 30 and 32 shown in FIG.
6. In this fashion two stretchers members 62 and 64 may be
positioned in side-by-side fashion with respect to the
hub-receiving portion 52. Two side-by-side chairs are thus
produced, having fabric portions 66 and 68, the outside edges of
which are held in place by sidepiece members 70 and 72.
FIG. 10 illustrates a chair the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3,
except that arm structure 73 is included. The arm structure may be
injection molded along with the molding of the frame piece 20g"
described above.
FIG. 11 shows a low-back lounge 74 which is essentially the same as
the side chair of FIG. 3, except for the different angular
orientation of the frame parts and the height of the chair. Arm
structure 75, similar to arm structure 73 in FIG. 10 may be
employed, if desired.
FIG. 12 shows a high-back lounge 76. The high-back lounge is the
same as the low-back lounge of FIG. 11, except for the addition of
a back and neck supporting structure 78. Arms 80 may be included,
if desired.
FIGS. 13 and 14 show a bench. The bench is essentially the same as
the chair of FIGS. 1 and 3, except that the two hub-receiving
portions and stretchers are equal distances above the support
surface.
FIGS. 1 to 3 and 10 to 14 illustrate different basic shapes of
furniture that can be utilized incorporating the sidepiece and
stretcher member construction described above in detail.
In summary, the invention involves sidepiece and stretcher members
which are capable of easy fabrication and simple assembly to
complete an article of furniture. The coupling together of
stretcher and sidepiece members to provide for relative lateral
movement upon pivotal movement of the stretcher member provides a
simple technique of fabricating the chair and of tensioning the
fabric of the chair. It should be noted that skewed channel and
projection features which engage each other are susceptible of
modification. For example, the channel construction may be included
in the sidepiece member and the projections may be included on the
stretcher member. Such an alternative construction would present
some fabrication difficulties, inasmuch as it is not possible to
injection mold any undercut channels in the side piece members.
However, a thread-type construction could be employed, with the
channels cut into the sidepiece members, if desired. Further, the
sidepiece members could employ hubs extending therefrom in which
case the stretcher members would include cylindrical openings to
engage such hubs. Still further a single stretcher member could be
employed in a chair, for example, located under the seat fabric at
the junction of seat and back. Also, although grooves in the
sidepiece members have been shown for the purpose of sewing the
fabric in place, alternative methods of attachment could be
employed. As another alternative, rigid or semirigid material could
be employed in place of fabric (e.g., molded plastic for seat and
back); in such a case the channel portions might be skewed
oppositely from that shown so that pivoting of the stretcher causes
the side pieces to move toward each other, to lock the seat and
back in place.
These and other modifications will be suggested to those skilled in
the art. Accordingly, the invention should be taken to be defined
by the following claims.
* * * * *