U.S. patent number 3,638,832 [Application Number 05/002,612] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-01 for automatic slowdown and cutoff system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Aerotron, Inc.. Invention is credited to Roy A. Parker, Charles R. Sauber.
United States Patent |
3,638,832 |
Sauber , et al. |
February 1, 1972 |
AUTOMATIC SLOWDOWN AND CUTOFF SYSTEM
Abstract
A system for dispensing a precise quantity of a fluid. When
power is applied to a motor, the motor drives a pump to dispense
fluid at a relatively high rate. However, in response to an
indication that a quantity of fluid, slightly less than the desired
quantity, has been dispensed, power to the motor is substantially
reduced. This slows the dispensing rate so that power may be
removed from the motor and the pump stopped when precisely the
desired quantity of fluid has been dispensed.
Inventors: |
Sauber; Charles R. (Raleigh,
NC), Parker; Roy A. (Fayetteville, NC) |
Assignee: |
Aerotron, Inc. (Raleigh,
NC)
|
Family
ID: |
21701601 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/002,612 |
Filed: |
January 13, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/16; 222/63;
222/17 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B67D
7/28 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B67D
5/28 (20060101); B67D 5/08 (20060101); B67d
005/30 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/14,16,17,19,20,76
;141/128 ;177/122,123,164 ;318/272,277 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Scherbel; David A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a fluid-dispensing system having pump means driven by a motor
and signaling means indicating the operation of the pump means: the
improvement comprising an automatic slowdown and cutoff system
including a control module having means for presetting a
predetermined quantity of fluid to be dispensed from said pump
means, means for providing power to said motor to pump fluid at a
predetermined rate of flow, means responsive to signals from said
pump means for indicating a first condition of said pump means,
said first condition being the dispensing of a quantity of fluid
which is less than said predetermined quantity by a precise amount,
means for reducing the power to said motor to reduce the flow rate
of said pump means when said first condition occurs, said means for
reducing the power to said pump means including a cyclic power
source, means responsive to the indication of said first condition
for cutting off said power for a selected portion of each source
cycle, and means responsive to a second condition of said pump
means for terminating power thereto, said second condition being
the dispensing of said predetermined quantity of fluid.
2. The structure of claim 1 in which said means for cutting off
said power for a selected portion of each source cycle includes
trigger means operative when fired to apply a cutoff bias to said
power, means normally preventing the potential applied to said
trigger means from exceeding its firing threshold, and means
responsive to said first condition for permitting said trigger
means to fire at a selected point of said source cycle.
3. The structure of claim 1 in which said condition-indicating
means is a counter including means for presetting said counter to
indicate a predetermined quantity of fluid to be dispensed, and
means responsive to the dispensing of said fluid for decrementing
said counter.
4. The structure of claim 3 in which said counter includes a
plurality of stages, and means operative when said counter stages
are set to indicate said first condition for passing a signal
through said counter to energize said power-reducing means.
5. The structure of claim 4 including means operative when said
counter stages are set to indicate all values between said first
condition and zero for maintaining said power-reducing means
energized.
6. The structure of claim 4 including means operative when all of
said counter stages are reset to zero for passing a signal through
said counter to energize said power-terminating means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to a system for controlling the
dispensing of a fluid, and more particularly to a system for
automatically reducing the rate at which the last bit of a selected
quantity of fluid is dispensed so that cutoff may be effected at
the precise quantity desired.
There are numerous applications in the sale of fluid substances and
in industrial processes where a requirement exists to provide a
precise quantity of a fluid. In the past, the fluid-dispensing
operations for these applications have generally been manually
controlled. However, the precision which can be obtained with
manual operation is somewhat limited and, as labor costs increase,
the tendency has been to automate such dispensing operations
wherever possible.
An example of a partially automated fluid-dispensing system is
provided in copending applications, Ser. No. 852,848 entitled "A
system for Remotely Controlling and Monitoring Fuel Dispensing
Pumps" filed on behalf of Charles R. Sauber on Aug. 25, 1969 and
assigned to the assignee of the instant application. In this system
an operator at a central station controls the turning on of a
fluid-dispensing pump at a remote location, while the purchaser at
the remote location controls the actual amount of fuel delivered.
The pump is automatically turned off under control of the control
station when the purchaser stops dispensing fuel. This system could
be fully automated by requiring the purchaser to only place the
nozzle of the fuel pump in his gas tank and specify the amount of
fuel which he desires. The operator at the central station would
then set the system to dispense the specified amount of fuel and
turn the pump on. The pump would be turned off when the desired
amount of fuel has been dispensed.
However, in this and most other practical applications, the pump
runs at relatively high speed during most of the dispensing
operation in order to permit the desired amount of fuel to be
delivered within a reasonable time. However, with the pump running
at this high speed, it is difficult to instantaneously stop the
pump when it has delivered precisely the desired amount of fuel. In
order to overcome this problem, some prior art systems have
utilized a valve, such as a solenoid valve, in the fuel line. This
valve is energized to slow down the flow of fuel when a
predetermined amount of fuel, generally slightly less than the
desired amount, has been dispensed. This permits the last small
amount of the fuel to be dispensed at a slow rate so that cutoff
may be had at precisely the desired quantity.
The above-described solution to the slowdown cuts problem
accomplishes the desired result. However, it requires the use of
relatively expensive valves which are subject to maintenance and
replacement problems. Further, the installation of such a valve
within the plumbing of the fuel dispenser is difficult and
expensive.
A requirement therefore, exists for a fluid-dispensing system which
permits the fluid to be dispensed at high speed until most of a
desired amount of fluid has been dispensed, and that cuts down the
dispensing speed for the last bit of fluid so that cutoff may be
effected when precisely the desired amount of fluid has been
dispensed. Such a system should be relatively easy and inexpensive
to install, should be long lived, and should be relatively
maintenance free. Since the above requirements cannot be met by a
system utilizing electromechanical valves, these requirements would
seem to dictate the use of a fully electronic system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore, a primary object of this invention to provide an
improved fluid-dispensing system.
A more specific object of this invention is to provide a system for
dispensing a precise amount of fluid while permitting the
dispensing operation to be completed within a reasonable time.
A still more specific object of this invention is to provide a
dispensing system of the type indicated above which dispenses most
of the fluid at a relatively high rate, but cuts back to a low
dispensing rate for the last bit of fluid so that cutoff may be
easily effected at precisely the desired amount.
Another object of this invention is to provide an automatic
fluid-dispensing slowdown and cutoff system, of the type indicated
above, which is relatively easy and inexpensive to install, operate
and maintain.
In accordance with these objects this invention provides an
electronic automatic slowdown and cutoff system which comprises a
controlling module and at least one controlled module. At the
controlled module there is a motor-driven device, such as a pump,
for dispensing a fluid. The controlling module has a means
responsive to the operation of the fluid-dispensing device for
indicating a condition thereof such as, for example, the quantity
or dollar value of the fluid dispensed. The system also includes a
first means responsive to an indication of a first condition of the
device from the indicating means for reducing the average power
applied to the motor, thereby reducing the speed of the motor, and
thus the rate at which fluid is dispensed; and a second means
responsive to the indication of a second condition of the device,
such as the dispensing of the desired amount of fluid, from the
indicating means for terminating power to the motor, and thus
terminating the fluid-dispensing operation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the
invention will be apparent from the following more particular
description of a preferred embodiment of the invention as
illustrated in the accompanying solitary view which is a semiblock
schematic diagram of an illustrative embodiment of the automatic
slowdown and cutoff system according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawing, it is seen that the system for the
illustrative embodiment of the invention is a fuel-dispensing
system of the general type shown and described in the
before-mentioned copending patent application. The system of this
invention includes three major units; a control module 10, an
automatic slowdown module 12, and a pump station 14. One or more
additional pump stations 14' may also be provided. The relative
locations of the various units are not critical; however, in most
applications, the control module and automatic slowdown module
would be situated at a centralized point with the pump stations
being remotely located.
In operation, a purchaser at a pump station contacts the operator
at the control station module through an intercom system, or some
other standard communications device, and specifies the amount of
fuel which he desires. The particular means utilized to convey this
information does not form part of the present invention. The amount
of fuel specified by the purchaser may be in gallons, or some other
unit of measure, but, more usually, it is specified as a dollar
amount.
The operator at the control module adjusts dials 16A, 16B, and 16C
on a control console to set the amount specified by the purchaser
into counter stages 18A, 18B, and 18C respectively. Each counter
stage includes a dial portion 20 having 10 conductive points, a
conductive arm 22, and a counter stage control circuit 24. The
control circuits may be of any standard type. For example, they may
comprise a relay coil which is effective, each time it is
energized, to step the corresponding arm 22 of the stage is
positioned on the zero conductive point.
If control module 10 is being utilized to control more than one
pump station, the operator would then set switches 30 and 32 to the
appropriate position for the selected pump station and then close
pump-on switch 34. For applications where modules 10 and 12 are at
the same central control location, switches 30 and 32 may be ganged
so that both switches are transferred in a single operation. The
closing of switch 34 permits a low-voltage DC potential, for
example +24 volts, to be applied from source terminal 36, through
power-on indicator lamp 38, now-closed switch 34, line 39, normally
closed contact 40' of relay coil 40, and relay coil 42 to ground.
The energizing of coil 42 closes normally open contact 42'. This
closes a circuit from AC potential source 44 through line 46, triac
device 48, line 50, switch 32, and pump motor 52 to ground. Pump
motor 52 is in this manner energized to drive pump 54 permitting
the desired fuel-dispensing operation to be performed.
In addition to the path-containing triac device 48, there are also
two high-impedance paths between lines 46 and 50. The first of
these paths includes a small resistor 56 and a low-value capacitor
58. The function of this path is to serve as a surge suppressor.
The second path includes a resistor 60 and a low-value capacitor 62
which are connected together through two parallel paths. One of
these paths is through normally closed contact 64' of relay coil
64, and the other path is through potentiometer 66. When contact
64' is closed, potentiometer 66 is effectively shorted out of the
circuit. Under this condition, the potential which is developed
across capacitor 62 never reaches a level which is sufficient to
trigger diode 68, and triac 48, therefore, remains conductive
during the entire AC cycle. The power supplied to pump motor 52
under this condition of operation is sufficient to cause the motor
to operate at a relatively high speed.
As each unit of fuel is pumped by pump 54, a standard telemeter
device associated with the pump generates a pulse signal on line
70. If it is assumed that counter stages 18 are counting in units
of 1 cent, then a pulse would appear on line 70 for each 1 cent's
worth of fuel which is pumped. Each pulse on line 70 is applied
through switch 30 and line 72 to energize units counter stage
control 24A to step stage 18A down one unit. Every 10th pulse of
line 72 is passed through control 24A and line 74 to decrement
stage 18B. Similarly, every 10th pulse on line 74 is passed through
control circuit 24B and line 76 to decrement counter stage 18C.
The above sequence of operations continue until counter stage 18C
has been counted down to zero, counter stage 18B has been counted
down to zero, and counter stage 18A has been counted down to a
value of 5 cents. From the drawing, it is seen that, at this time,
the positive voltage on line 39 is applied to a circuit which
includes the zero contact point on dial 20C, arm 22C, line 78, the
zero contact point on dial 20B, arm 22B, line 80, arm 22A, the five
contact point on dial 20A, line 82, resistors 84 and 86, and relay
coil 64 to ground. Since contact points 4, 3, 2 and 1 on dial 20A
are also connected to line 82, coil 64 remains energized until
precisely the desired amount of fuel has been dispensed. The
energizing of relay coil 64 opens normally closed contact 64'. This
removes the short circuit across potentiometer 66, increasing the
total resistance of the path containing this element by an amount
which is dependent on the setting of the potentiometer arm. This
increase is effective to cause the potential developed across
capacitor 62 to be sufficient to fire diode 68 at some
predetermined point in each AC half cycle, thus causing triac 48 to
be cut off for a portion of each AC cycle. Since only a portion of
each AC half cycle is now applied to pump motor 52, the average
power delivered to the motor is significantly reduced, causing the
motor to run at a slower speed. This reduces the rate at which fuel
is pumped so that cutoff may more easily be effected at precisely
the desired quantity. The average power supplied to the motor in
its slowed-down condition, and thus its speed, may be controlled by
adjusting potentiometer 66.
When arm 22A reaches the zero contact point on dial 20A, the
positive DC potential on line 80 is removed from line 82 and
applied instead through relay coil 40 to ground. The energizing of
relay coil 40 opens normally closed contact 40', thus cutting off
power to relay coil 42. This releases normally opened contact 42',
thus terminating power to both automatic slowdown module 12 and
pump motor 52. At the reduced speed that the pump is operating,
virtually no fuel is pumped between the time that the last pulse is
generated by the telemeter device and the time the motor is cut
off. A system for dispensing a precise quantity of fuel is thus
provided. The operation is completed by the operator opening
pump-on switch 34. This restores the system to its initial
condition in preparation for the next fuel-dispensing request.
While in the drawing, control module 10 and slowdown module 12 have
been shown as being shared by a number of pump stations 14, and
14', thus permitting only a single pump station to be operated at
any given time, it is apparent that a separate control and slowdown
module could be provided for each pump so as to permit the pumps to
be operated simultaneously. Further, while it has been assumed that
modules 10 and 12 are located physically remote from pumps 14, it
is apparent that a system operator could be eliminated if a control
module and slowdown module were provided at the pump, with the
purchaser himself setting the desired amounts into counter stages
18, and operating pump-on switch 34 with a key, credit card reader,
or other suitable security device. It is also apparent that the
fluid being dispensed need not be fuel, but might instead be for
example a chemical utilized in an industrial process. In such an
application, counter stages 18 might be set under computer rather
than under manual control. Other substitutions in the specific
elements shown in the drawing, such as, for example, the use of
electronic rather than electromechanical switches, might be also
made while still remaining within the scope of the invention.
Thus, while the invention has been particularly shown and described
with reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be
understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other
changes in form and details may be made therein without departing
from the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *