U.S. patent number 3,635,406 [Application Number 05/040,800] was granted by the patent office on 1972-01-18 for one-piece spray head and core pin construction therefor.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Clayton Corporation. Invention is credited to Christian T. Scheindel.
United States Patent |
3,635,406 |
Scheindel |
January 18, 1972 |
ONE-PIECE SPRAY HEAD AND CORE PIN CONSTRUCTION THEREFOR
Abstract
A spray head for aerosols has a flow channel recessed upwardly
into the end surface of its bore; when seated on the tip of a
hollow stem, the recessed flow channel controls the rate of flow by
providing a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the spray
orifice. From the flow channel, the flow leads upward into the aft
side of a large circulation chamber; from its forward circular face
a converging spray orifice, located below center, induces vortex
circulation to produce a fine spray.
Inventors: |
Scheindel; Christian T. (Glen
Gardner, NJ) |
Assignee: |
Clayton Corporation (St. Louis,
MO)
|
Family
ID: |
21913034 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/040,800 |
Filed: |
May 27, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/490; 239/573;
239/337 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B05B
1/30 (20130101); B05B 1/3494 (20130101); B65D
83/20 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B05B
1/30 (20060101); B65D 83/16 (20060101); B05B
1/34 (20060101); B05b 001/34 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/490,579,573X,589,337X |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: King; Lloyd L.
Claims
I claim:
1. For use on an aerosol dispenser of the type having a hollow
tubular valve stem terminating in a tube tip having an annular
surface,
a one-piece spray head, comprising
a body having at its front a spray orifice, and
having within its lower end a bore of circular cross section within
which such tube tip is received,
the bore terminating upwardly in an end surface having a radially
outer portion against which a portion of such tube tip annular
surface may seat,
a flow channel recessed upwardly into said end surface commencing
inwardly of its radially outer portion and extending outward to and
forwardly along a part of such outer portion,
the flow channel having a constriction whose cross-sectional area
does not exceed that of the smallest cross section of the spray
orifice,
whereby, when such tube tip is so seated, to provide thereabove a
flow control portion of said channel, together with
a circulation chamber in the flow path from said constriction to
and immediately before the orifice.
2. A one-piece spray head as defined in claim 1,
wherein the spray orifice converges from a larger orifice inlet
portion at the circulation chamber to its said smallest cross
section outwardly thereof,
whereby its convergence aids in inducing rapid vortex flow from the
circulation chamber to and through the orifice.
3. A one-piece spray head as defined in claim 2, wherein
the spray orifice diverges forwardly of its portion of smallest
cross section,
whereby to control the angle at which spray is emitted from the
orifice.
4. For use on an aerosol dispenser of the type having a hollow
tubular valve stem terminating in a tube tip having an annular
surface,
a one-piece spray head, comprising
a body having at its front a spray orifice, and having within its
lower end
a bore of circular cross section within which such tube tip is
received,
the bore terminating upwardly in an end surface having a radially
outer portion against which a portion of such tube tip annular
surface may seat,
a flow channel recessed upwardly into said end surface commencing
inwardly of its radially outer portion and extending outward to and
forwardly along a part of such outer portion,
a throat connected to the forward end thereof and extending
upwardly, and
a circulation chamber at the upper end of said throat,
the circulation chamber having the general configuration of a disk
whose thickness tapers narrowingly upward, said circulation chamber
being positioned laterally of the body,
its thickness at its lower portion being substantially greater than
that of the throat, such excess thickness projecting forward from
the throat,
the chamber having a generally circular forward face, together
with
a spray orifice located below center of said forward face and
leading outward forwardly from the thickened lower portion of the
circulation chamber.
5. A one-piece spray head as defined in claim 4, wherein
the flow channel enters into the throat from one side of center of
said laterally positioned chamber and
the orifice joins the circular forward face at a position spacedly
to the same side of center of said face,
whereby inflow from the throat circulates first to that side of the
chamber opposite to the flow channel and thence upwardly, around
and downwardly forwardly to the region of the orifice at said first
side of center, thereby avoiding intermixing the inflow with the
vorticity induced at the orifice.
6. A one-piece spray head as defined in claim 4, wherein
the circulation chamber has side portions converging toward the
forward face.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Spray heads for single-use aerosol containers must be constructed
inexpensively, yet must in operation emit a fairly even fine spray
over a desired pattern, preferably a hollow cone. Spray heads
formed of a single piece have usually produced poor spray patterns,
with heavy droplets of liquid accumulating in some parts of the
pattern. For this reason, where a fine uniform spray is requisite,
the present commercial practice is to utilize spray nozzles formed
of two pieces, a body and an orifice insert, which so fit together
as to provide a desired pattern of small passages meeting
tangentially at the orifice.
Such construction is not possible in one-piece spray heads, which
have heretofore been constructed according to no single consistent
principle. In some such spray heads, droplets of liquid under
pressure merely splutter through a small-diameter orifice. In
others, the liquid may be forced at high speed tangentially along
the wall of what is often referred to as a swirl chamber, whose
outlet is an orifice opposite the center of the swirl chamber.
Spray orifices have been used which are straight, or which either
converge or diverge from such chamber to the atmosphere, usually
without any teaching as to why the orifice was shaped as it was, or
the effect of its shape upon the spray pattern.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a one-piece spray head, and mating
core pin construction therefor, designed to produce a uniform fine
spray pattern comparable to the spray patterns of two-piece heads.
A one-piece spray head with an orifice located at its front has
molded in its lower end a bore of circular cross section, to
receive the tip of the hollow tubular valve stem of a conventional
aerosol valve. A flow channel is recessed upwardly into the end
surface of the bore, so that when the spray head is seated on the
tube tip, its recessed channel will function as a flow control
passage whose cross-sectional area is at least as small as the
smallest cross section of the spray orifice. From this flow control
portion of the channel, the flow rises vertically in a throat, into
the rear side of a hollow circulation chamber. The chamber has the
general configuration of a tapered disk, whose thickened lower
portion projects forwardly of the throat, forming an arcuate chin.
A converging-diverging spray orifice adjacent to the chin leads
outward from below the center of the forward circular face of the
chamber.
The flow control passages and circulation chamber, with its sloping
circular front face and projecting chin, are provided by the upper
end of a principal core pin. A ridge provides the flow channel; it
leads into a tapered disklike head which provides the circulation
chamber. The converging-diverging orifice is provided by an
auxiliary core pin; a circular face on the aft end of its
converging portion is presented abuttingly against the forward
circular face on the head of the principal core pin.
In use, liquid dispensed through the valve stem is throttled at the
flow control channel. The liquid then flows within the chamber at a
slowed rate of speed in a circular path, around, forwardly and down
toward the orifice. The orifice induces high-speed vortex flow,
which breaks the liquid into a spray as it emerges from the
orifice. The outer, diverging portion of the orifice controls, to
some extent, the angle of the cone-shaped pattern in which the
spray is emitted.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a one-piece spray head
incorporating the present invention, shown in place on a hollow
tubular valve stem.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4--4 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of mating core pin
construction utilized in molding the spray head shown in the other
figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
It is conventional to seal valves in the top openings of aerosol
dispensers and leave their hollow tubular valve stems projecting
upward. Such a valve stem b is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4. It
terminates upwardly in an annular tip surface d, formed with a
bevel h at its radially outer side.
The spray head of the present invention is to be pressed onto the
valve stem b. It is molded of a conventional plastic material using
the mating core pin construction shown in FIG. 5 and described
later in the specification.
The present spray head consists solely of a one-piece body
generally designated 10. At its front 11 it has a spray orifice
generally designated 12. Within its lower surface 13, a bore 14 of
circular cross section is molded, to receive the tip of the tubular
valve stem b. The bore 14 terminates upwardly in a bore end surface
16 whose radially outer portion 17 is shaped, except as hereinafter
noted, to conform with the tip surface d and bevel h of the valve
stem b, for seating thereon as shown in FIG. 1.
Recessed upwardly into the bore end surface 16 is a flow channel
generally designated 20, best shown in FIG. 3. It is formed by a
principal core pin generally designated 50 shown in FIG. 5, to
which reference will be made hereafter. A central portion 21 of the
flow channel 20 extends across from the middle of the end surface
16 to a radially outer portion 22, which in turn extends arcuately
along a part of the radially outer portion 17, as shown in FIGS. 3
and 4, forwardly of the bore of the valve stem b. At this point it
merges into the cross section shown in FIG. 2. Here it extends
again inward substantially parallel to the central portion 21, to
join an upward extending throat portion 23 best shown in FIG.
2.
Midway between the central portion 21 and the throat portion 23,
the radially outer flow channel portion 22 is necked down to form a
flow control portion 24 of smallest cross-sectional area. When the
tip of the tube 10 is seated against the outer portion 17 of the
spray head end surface 16, this flow control portion 24 provides
the smallest cross-sectional area through which liquid to be
dispensed through the valve stem will pass; thus, the minimum area
of the spray orifice, to be described hereafter, is as large as or
larger than that of the flow control portion 24.
The throat 23 leads upward to means which causes such flow to slow
to a smoothly circulating flow. The preferred means includes a
large circulation chamber generally designated 30, seen in cross
section in FIG. 1 and from the rear in FIG. 2. The chamber 30 has
the general configuration of a tapered disk positioned upwardly of
the throat 23 and laterally of the body 10. The aft side of the
throat 23 and chamber 30 coincide and are vertical. Forwardly, the
chamber 30 has a thickened lower portion 31 which projects forward
of the throat 23 and terminates in a circular forward face 32,
presented at an angle of approximately 15.degree. from vertical.
The forward projection from the throat 23 at the underside of the
thickened lower portion 31 is referred to as a chin 33; the
circulation chamber 30 itself may be thought of as a head atop the
throat 23. When viewed from the rear, as in FIG. 2, the chamber 30
is somewhat larger than its circular forward face 32, having side
portions 34, which, like the chin portion 33, converge slightly
toward the forward face 32.
Since the disklike circulation chamber 30 is positioned laterally,
and the flow channel portion 22 enters the throat 23 from one side
of center, the inflow into and through the throat portion 23 will
be from that side of center, upward, around and across to the other
side of the circulation chamber 30. The progressive increases in
cross section, from the flow control portion 24 to the throat 23
and then to the circulation chamber 30, cause the flow to slow its
speed. The chin 33, which spaces the forward circular face 32
substantially forward of the throat portion 23, aids the
development of smooth circulating flow by minimizing interference
from inflow at the throat 23.
The spray orifice, generally designated 12, is best shown in FIG.
1. The orifice 12 has a funnellike converging portion 40, which, at
a juncture of smallest cross section 41, connects to a diverging
orifice portion 42. The converging portion 40 leads outward from
the forward face 32 of the circulation chamber 30 at its thickened
lower portion 31; the forward spacing of the face 32 relative to
the throat portion 23 permits the converging portion 40 to draw a
vortex from the slowly circulating liquid, unaffected by rough
inflow from the throat portion 23 into the circulation chamber
30.
For best results, the converging portion 40 is located as shown in
FIG. 2, below the center of the forward face 32, and with its lower
edge at the chin 33. It is positioned spacedly to that side of
center of the face 32 from which the flow channel 20 enters into
the throat 23, to further minimize any interference between the
inflow into the chamber 30 and the vortex formation within the
funnellike orifice portion 40. The low offcenter position of the
converging portion 40, when used with the tapered circulation
chamber 30, aids in inducing vortex flow at the converging orifice
portion 40.
Since the juncture 41 in the spray orifice 12 is no smaller in
cross section than the flow control portion 24 of the flow channel
20, the spray orifice 12 has no flow-restraining function. This
appears to aid it in inducing rapid vortex flow in liquid which
circulates slowly in the circulation chamber 30. As it leaves the
smallest orifice cross section, the liquid vortex breaks into a
spray. The angle of divergence of the diverging orifice portion 42
controls to some extent the angle at which spray is emitted from
the orifice 12.
In order to achieve the spray head structure so described, I
utilize the mating core pin construction shown in FIG. 5, in
connection with conventional metal mold cavity parts, not shown. A
principal core pin generally designated 50 forms all the interior
portions of the spray head which have been described above, except
the spray orifice 12 which extends forward form the forward face 32
of the circulation chamber 30. The principal core pin 50 has a
coring end 51 including a shoulder 52, here tapered corresponding
to the bevel h, which extends around approximately three-fourths of
the perimeter of the end 51. The shoulder 52 terminates in a flat
upper surface 53 which, on molding, forms the end surface 16 of the
bore 14 within the body 10.
At about center of the coring end 51 is an upward projecting ridge
portion 55, being the reverse of the central portion 21 of the flow
channel 20. The ridge portion 55 extends laterally and radially
outward from center, to merge into a forward arcuate extending flow
control ridge portion 56. As seen in FIG. 5, this arcuate portion
56 is higher than the shoulder 52. As seen in FIG. 3, it is
narrower than the combined widths of the tip surface d and bevel h
which together equal the wall thickness of the tubular valve stem
b.
The flow control ridge portion 56 leads into a neck portion 57
which arises from the pin upper surface 53, forward of the position
of the hollow in the valve stem b. Atop the neck portion 57 is a
head portion 58 having the general configuration of a tapered disk
broader at the bottom, its aft side extending straight upward. The
broader bottom part of the head portion 58 extends forwardly from
the neck portion 57, providing a projecting chin portion 59 which
slopes slightly upward and forward. At its forward side, the head
portion 58 has a circular forward face 60, which slopes slightly
aft.
Against the forward face 60 of the principal core pin 50 is
presented, during molding, the aft circular face 61 at the extreme
inner end of an auxiliary core pin generally designated 65. The
diameter of its aft circular face 61 does not exceed the radius of
the forward face 60. In position for molding, the lower edge of the
aft face 61 meets the forward face 60 at the chin portion 59,
preferably slightly to that side of center at which the flow
control ridge portion 56 enters the neck 57.
From its aft circular face 61, the auxiliary core pin 65 narrows
convergingly to a section 66 of minimum cross section, which is at
least as great as the cross section provided by the flow control
ridge portion 56 upwardly of the shoulder 52. The pin portion from
the face 61 to the minimum section 66 is referred to as its
converging portion 67. Outward of the minimum section 66, the pin
65 increases in diameter in a diverging portion 68.
As will be understood, the principal core pin 50 is supported by
conventional structure and mechanism within a conventional metal
mold cavity, not shown, shaped to provide the body 10 of the spray
head; and the auxiliary core pin 65 is positioned and supported
withdrawably in such conventional mold structure.
Utilizing one of the injection-molding plastic materials, such as
polyethylene, the auxiliary core pin 65 may be withdrawn, despite
its taper to the minimum section 66, when the plastic is still
warm, without damaging the molded shape of the converging-diverging
spray orifice 12. The tapered disc configuration of the head
portion 58 likewise permits removal of the part from the principal
core pin 50, although the chin portion 59 juts forwardly from the
neck portion 57.
* * * * *