U.S. patent number 3,635,297 [Application Number 05/061,760] was granted by the patent office on 1972-01-18 for postage calculator.
Invention is credited to Roger F. Salava.
United States Patent |
3,635,297 |
Salava |
January 18, 1972 |
POSTAGE CALCULATOR
Abstract
A postal scale and computer for calculating the exact postage
for a parcel to be mailed according to its weight, destination zip
code, and class of handling. The computer includes a read only
memory which stores the postal zone information according to the
first three digits of the destination zip code, and the postage
rate information according to the combined parcel weight, zone and
class of handling. The computer also includes a control logic which
searches the memory, first for the proper zone as established by an
upper limit prefix for a series of zip code numbers falling within
the same zone, and secondly for the proper rate for the weight of
the parcel being mailed to the zone determined. The memory is
broken down into separate sectors, each mounted on an easily
replaceable circuit board to accommodate for changes in postal
rates and for different points of mailing origin.
Inventors: |
Salava; Roger F. (Arlington
Heights, IL) |
Family
ID: |
22037939 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/061,760 |
Filed: |
August 6, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
177/5; 235/58PS;
705/402; 705/407; 177/25.15 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G01G
19/005 (20130101); G06Q 30/04 (20130101); G01G
19/4148 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G01G
19/40 (20060101); G01G 19/00 (20060101); G01G
19/414 (20060101); G06Q 30/00 (20060101); G01g
023/42 (); G06f 015/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;235/151.33,58PS,61PS
;177/3-5,25,DIG.3,1,210 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Ward, Jr.; Robert S.
Claims
I claim:
1. A postage calculator for determining automatically the correct
postal rate for a parcel to be mailed having a scale for weighing
the parcel and comprising;
a self-contained special purpose computer for determining the
postal rate;
electrical means for converting the scale weight into digital code
for processing by the computer;
electrical input means for entering a signal corresponding to the
first three digits of the parcel mailing destination zip code for
processing by the computer; and
readout means for displaying the postal rate determined by the
computer.
2. The calculator of claim 1 wherein:
said computer contains a first memory sector which stores at a
plurality of locations the mailing zone numbers according to an
upper limit code for the first three digits or zip code prefix of
one or a group of serial zip code numbers falling within the same
zone.
3. The calculator of claim 2 including:
a control logic connected to said memory sector which successively
commands the reading of each location within the first memory
sector and commands the advancing of the address to read the next
location.
4. The calculator of claim 3 including:
electrical comparitor means interconnected with said electrical
input means, with said control logic, and with said memory sector
and operable when the signal read from the memory sector equals or
exceeds the signal corresponding to the zip code prefix to provide
an output signal to the control logic to halt the address of the
memory sector.
5. The calculator of claim 4 including:
a second memory sector interconnected with said control logic which
stores at a plurality of locations the postal rates for all
weight-zone combinations as established by the Post Office within
certain prescribed limits for parcels to be mailed by priority
mail.
6. The calculator of claim 5 including:
a third memory sector interconnected with said control logic which
stores at a plurality of locations the postal rates for all
weight-zone combinations as established by the Post Office within
certain prescribed limits for parcels to be mailed by parcel post
(4th class).
7. The calculator of claim 6 wherein each of said memory sectors
are separately mounted on an easily replaceable circuit board or
chip for accommodating changes in postal rates and for calibrating
said calculator for various points of mailing origin.
8. The calculator of claim 6 including:
binary adder means interconnected with said scale and with said
control logic and operable on a command from said control logic to
direct the reading of the postal rate from the proper memory
sector.
9. The calculator of claim 6 including:
electrical zone selector switch means interconnected with said
memory sectors and with said control logic and effective when
actuated to designate either zone or local mailing for a parcel to
be mailed and thereby cause the reading of either the zone or local
postal rates from said second or third memory sectors.
10. The calculator of claim 8 including:
electrical class selector switch means interconnected with said
binary adder and effective when actuated to designate either parcel
post or priority mail class of handling.
11. A multiple terminal postage calculator comprising:
a plurality of mailing stations, each having a scale for weighing
the parcels to be mailed;
electrical means connected to said scales for converting the weight
of a parcel into digital code;
a plurality of switch means at each mailing station for entering
the first three digits of the destination zip code, the designation
of zone or local mailing, and the class of handling;
a single central special purpose computer connected to all of said
terminals and operable to determine the proper postal rate for a
particular parcel according to its weight and designation as to
destination and class of handling; and
a multiplexing network interconnecting said computer with said
terminals and operable to direct the proper postal rate to the
proper mailing terminal.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates generally to weighing scales combined with a
computer for calculating the proper postage rate for a parcel to be
mailed according to its weight and destination zip code.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Postal scales are well known in the art and include devices of the
general type capable of calculating postage rates by volume,
weight, density, and zone. Such devices generally are complicated
electromechanical mechanisms and usually are analog in nature.
The Post Office system is essentially digital in nature. That is,
each mailing address falls within an assigned zip code area
characterized by a five digit number. The postage rate for a parcel
mailed from one point in the country to another is generally
proportional to the weight of the parcel and the distance it must
be transported. However, the postage rates established by the Post
Office are broken down, first into zones from different points of
mailing origin, and secondly into discrete weight-zone combinations
which are tabulated in printed charts.
A person using such charts to mail a parcel must determine the zone
to which the parcel is to be mailed. This is done by first
determining the destination zip code. Zip code directories are
readily available for reference. By using an official zone chart
for the point of mailing, the proper zone is determined from the
first three digits (zip code prefix) of the destination zip code.
Usually, one or a series of consecutive zip code prefixes fall
within a particular zone.
Having determined the proper destination zone, the next step is to
weigh the parcel on an acceptable scale. Noting the weight and
zone, the postage rate is read from a rate chart such as POD notice
59 dated July 14, 1969. The postage rate read may be entered on a
postal meter, or stamps of the proper denomination affixed to the
parcel.
All of the steps described above are susceptible to human
error.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a postage
calculator capable of performing automatically, quickly, and
substantially error free, many of the steps now performed manually
in the mailing of parcels.
It is a more particular object to provide a postage calculator that
includes a special purpose computer and scale that weighs a parcel
to be mailed and automatically converts the weight into a
corresponding electrical signal for processing by the computer. The
computer also includes a memory bank that stores the mailing
destination zone numbers from a particular location according to
zip code prefixes, and also stores the postal rates for all
weight-zone combinations within certain weight limits. The computer
also includes a control logic which directs the searching of the
memory, first for the proper zone number according to an upper
limit zip code prefix, and secondly for the postal rate for the
particular parcel weight, zone, and class of handling. The
calculator can also be keyed to actuate automatically a postal
meter.
The operation of the calculator requires only the following
steps:
1. Place the parcel to be mailed on the scale;
2. Enter the first three digits of the destination zip code;
3. Enter the designation for either zone or local mailing; and
4. Enter the designation for class of handling, either priority
mail, 4th class, united parcel, or other.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the external appearance of the
postage calculator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electrical input signals to the
computer section of the postage calculator;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the computer section of the
calculator;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the pulse generator of the computer
section;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the wave shapes produced by the pulse
generator of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the control logic section of the
computer;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the wave shapes and sequence of operations
of the control logic section; and
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a multiple station arrangement using a
single computer section for a plurality of scales.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The postage calculator of the present invention may have the
external appearance as shown in FIG. 1 and is designated generally
by the numeral 10. The calculator 10 comprises a main case or
housing 11, a scale 12 mounted on top of the housing 11, switches
13, 14, and 15, an indicator 16, and a numeric display 17.
The switch 13 is the zip code selector switch and may be a group of
three separate switches 18, 19, and 20 or they may be a "Touch
Tone" array which select the first three digits of the zip code
desired for a parcel to be mailed. The indicator 16 registers
directly the digits selected by the switches 18, 19, and 20.
Alternatively, the indicator 16 may be incorporated directly in
switches 18, 19, and 20, or the selection may be displayed directly
on the output display 17. The switch 14 is the zip/local selector
switch for differentiating between zone and local mailing rates.
The switch 15 is the class selector switch for differentiating
between priority mail, parcel post, and/or other mail services such
as united parcel.
Referring now to FIG. 2, the operation of the postage calculator 10
will now be described in preliminary terms. The first step is to
determine from an appropriate listing the zip code of the
destination to which the parcel is to be mailed. The first three
digits of this zip code are entered by the switches 18, 19, and 20
and the entry is checked on the indicator 16. An electrical signal
I corresponding to the position of the switches 18, 19, and 20 and
called the "Zip Code Prefix" is supplied as the first input to the
computer section 30.
If the mailing destination falls within a local zone so that zone
rates do not apply, the zip/local switch 14 is switched to the
"local" position. Otherwise, the switch 14 is switched to the "zip"
position. A second electrical signal II corresponding to one or the
other of the two selected positions and called the "zip/local"
signal is also supplied to the computer section 30.
The parcel to be mailed is placed on the scale 12 and the weight
measured by the scale is converted into a third electrical signal
III called "Scale Weight" which is supplied to the computer section
30.
The final step is to select the handling class for the parcel, that
is, priority, 4th class, or united parcel and set this selection on
the switch 15. This switch provides a fourth electrical signal IV
corresponding to the selection made and called the "priority/4th
class" signal to the computer section 30.
The computer section 30 processes the various signals supplied,
calculates the proper monetary amount for the postage, and displays
this amount to the numeric output display 17. The output from the
computer section 30 is an electrical signal V which can actuate the
display 17, or alternatively, this signal can be supplied directly
to actuate a postal meter 25.
It is assumed that the parcel being mailed has proper linear
dimensions permitted by the Post Office to be mailed without
penalty. It is also to be understood that a suitable poser supply
26 is connected to the various switches and to the scale for
providing the electrical signals in appropriate form for processing
by the computer section 30.
The postage calculator 10 eliminates the manual steps of:
1. Looking up the zone number on a zone chart corresponding to the
destination zip code;
2. Noting the weight measured by a scale; and
3. Looking up the rate for the parcel to be mailed corresponding to
the zone number and weight.
The calculator 10 performs the above functions automatically and
without error once the zip code is selected and the parcel placed
on the scale.
Referring now to FIG. 3, a more detailed description of the
computer section 30 and its operation will now be undertaken.
The computer section 30 comprises: a control logic section 31; a
memory address counter/register 32; a read only memory (ROM)
section or bank 33; a zip code comparitor 34; a zip/local zone
control 35; a Gray-to-Binary converter 36; a binary adder 37; and a
display register 38. The computer section 30 also includes the
poser supply 26 which is interconnected with all of the above
identified sections, but is not shown as so connected on the
diagram.
The control logic section 31 is connected internally to receive
input signals from the scale 12 directly and from the zip code
comparitor 34 over conduits 39 and 40, respectively, and to send
output signals to the memory address counter/register 32 over
conduits 41 and 42, to the read only memory (ROM) 33 over conduit
43, and to the display register 38 over conduit 43D. The memory
address counter/register 32 also receives input signals from the
zip/local zone control 35 over conduit 44 and from the binary adder
37 over conduit 45. The counter/register 32 sends output signals to
the (ROM) 33 over conduit 46. The (ROM) 33 provides output signals
back to the zip code comparitor 34 and zip/local zone control 35
over conduit 47 and to the display register 38 over conduit 48. The
conduit 47 branches into conduit 49 leading to the zip code
comparitor 34 and into conduit 50 leading to the zip/local zone
control 35. The Gray-to-Binary converter 36 provides output signals
to the binary adder 37 over conduit 51.
The four input connections 61, 62, 63, and 64 to the computer
section 30 are connected, respectively, to the zip code comparitor
34, the zip/local zone control 35, the Gray-to-Binary converter 36,
and the binary adder 37. The sole output conduit 65 connects the
display register 38 to numeric display 17 and/or to postal meter
25.
The operation of computer section 30 can be understood best by
first describing what the various sections identified above
contain. It should be understood that the exact circuit elements
for providing the necessary functions of the calculator 10 are not
critical for an understanding of the invention.
A parcel to be mailed must be weighed on the scale 12 and the
weight must be converted into an electrical signal in digital form
to be processed by the computer section 30. Any suitable means (not
shown) such as a photocell can be used as an electrical pickup to
detect the weight of the parcel. A number of digital codes could be
used but the most efficient digital notation for use in the present
invention is binary. However, the direct generation of the binary
code by the scale 12 would not be acceptable for the reasons
illustrated by the following table A:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE
A Decimal Number Binary code Gray code
__________________________________________________________________________
0 000 000 1 001 001 2 010 011 3 011 010 4 100 110 5 101 111 6 110
101 7 111 100
__________________________________________________________________________
It may be noted in the table above that, in the binary notation of
decimals 3 and 4 all the binary bits change. If the scale 12
alignment generating the code at the threshold between 3 and 4 is
not perfect, the output could generate 111 (decimal 7) because the
leftmost bit changes before the other bits. The use of the Gray
code in the generation of the electrical signals by the scale 12
overcomes this problem. As may be observed from the table A above,
the difference between consecutive numbers in the Gray code differ
only in one bit, thus, even with nonperfect alignment, the scale 12
could read 3 or 4 but never an extraneous number.
The direct processing of Gray code within the computer section 30
would be difficult to accomplish. Therefore, the Gray code
information from the scale 12 is transmitted over conduit 63 to the
Gray-to-Binary converter 36 where it is converted into binary form
and fed over conduit 51 to the binary adder 37. The binary adder 37
transmits the weight information in combination with classification
information over conduit 45 to the memory address counter/register
32.
The memory bank 33 contains as one sector 70 a listing of the
postal zones according to the first three digits of the zip code.
Electronically, this could be accomplished by listing the zone for
every zip code combination (000 to 999), but this would require a
large memory. This same result is achieved in the present
invention, with a substantial reduction in the size of the memory,
by listing consecutive zip codes within the same zone only by their
upper limit code.
The tables B and C set forth below illustrate how this is
accomplished. Table B reproduces a portion of a Post Office
Department Official Zone Chart for determining zones from all
postal units having zip codes 6001-60699. This zone chart lists the
first three digits (prefix) of the zip codes of the sectional
center facility of address. To determine the zone distance to a
particular post office, ascertain the zip code of the post office
to which the parcel is addressed. The first three digits of that
zip code are included in this chart, and to the right thereof the
zone.
Table C indicates how this zone information is stored
electronically in the memory 33 for comparison.
Table B Table C Post Office zone chart Memory Contents
__________________________________________________________________________
Zip code Memory Upper limit Prefixes Zone Location Zone Zip prefix
__________________________________________________________________________
006-009 8 0 8 009 010-046 5 1 5 046 047 6 2 6 047 048-098 5 3 5 098
100-129 5 4 5 129 130-132 4 5 4 132 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '
__________________________________________________________________________
Electronically, the memory 33 is searched by consecutively
addressing and then reading the sector 70 from zero until the zip
prefix read from the memory 33 is greater than or equal to the zip
prefix entered on the switch 13.
The control logic section 31 contains a pulse generator 80 which
generates a plurality of output pulses for actuating sequentially
the various sections of the computer section 30, as illustrated by
FIGS. 4 and 5. The generator 80 comprises an astable oscillator 81,
a first divide by two network 82, a second divide by two network
83, and "AND" gates 84 and 85.
The astable oscillator 81 generates a square wave output designated
"Osc." and shown on some arbitrary time base in FIG. 5. This output
signal is delivered over an output conduit 86 which branches into a
conduit 87 leading into the network 82 and into conduits 88 and 89
leading to the AND-gates 84 and 85, respectively. The network 82
divides the input signal by two and delivers a square wave output
of one-half the frequency of the input signal over a conduit 90 to
the network 83. The complement of this output signal appears at
conduit 91 and is delivered over branch conduits 92 and 93 to the
AND-gates 84 and 85, respectively. The appearance of the output
signal on conduit 90 may be observed at point A and is seen in FIG.
5 to be one-half the frequency of "Osc." in the wave designated
"A." The network 83 divides the input signal by two and delivers a
main clock output signal, designated "CLM," over a conduit 95. A
branch conduit 94 connected to conduit 95 delivers this same signal
to the AND-gate 84. The complement of the CLM signal is delivered
over a conduit 96 to the AND-gate 85.
Both of the AND-gates 84 and 85 are three-input gates and require
the coincidence of three input signals to pass an output signal.
The output of the gate 84 constitutes the advance address signal
delivered over a conduit 97 and designated "CLA." This CLA signal
is shown in FIG. 5 to be a square pulse of the same width as the
"Osc." wave but appearing at one-fourth the frequency. The output
of the gate 85 constitutes the read signal delivered over a conduit
98 and designated "CLR." This CLR signal is also shown in FIG. 5 as
a square pulse similar to the CLA pulse, but displaced in time due
to the input pulse incidence. For subsequent discussion of the
operations, the sequence of pulse delivery shall be understood to
be:
"clock," "read," and "advance."
A circuit diagram of a portion of the control logic 31 is
reproduced in FIG. 6 and its operation may be understood with
reference to the wave shape and pulse sequence diagrams shown on
FIG. 7. The logic section shown may be designated by the numeral
100 and comprises four bistable networks or flip-flops 101, 102,
103, and 104; AND-gates 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, and 110; and
OR-gates 111, 112, and 113.
Each of the flip-flops 101, 102, 103, and 104 has an input terminal
121, 122, 123, and 124, respectively, connected to receive the main
clock signals CLM. Each of the AND-gates 105 and 110 has an input
terminal 125 and 130, respectively, connected to receive the
advance address signal CLA. Each of the AND-gates 106 and 109 has
an input terminal 126 and 129, respectively, connected to receive
the read signal, CLR. The CLM, CLA, and CLR signals are reproduced
in FIG. 7 on a compressed time scale from that of FIG. 5 to
facilitate an explanation of the operation of the logic section
100.
The OR-gate 111 has input connections 40 and 66 connected to
receive signals from the zip code comparitor 34 and zip/local
selector switch 14, respectively. The output terminal 132 of the
OR-gate 111 is connected by means of branching conduits 133, 134,
and 135 to a second input terminal 136 of the flip-flop 102, to one
input terminal 137 of AND-gate 107, and through an inverter 138 to
one input terminal 139 of AND-gate 108.
The output terminal 141 of flip-flop 101 is connected to conduit
142 which branches into conduits 143 and 144 connected to second
input terminals 145 and 146, respectively, of the AND-gates 105 and
106.
One output terminal 150 of the flip-flop 102 is connected by a
conduit 151 to an input terminal of the flip-flop 103, and by
branching conduits 152, 153, and 154 to second input terminals of
the AND-gates 110 and 109. A second output terminal 155 of the
flip-flop 102 is connected by means of a conduit 156 to third input
terminals 157 and 158 of the AND-gates 105 and 106,
respectively.
One output terminal 160 of the flip-flop 103 is connected directly
to an input terminal 161 of the flip-flop 104. A second output
terminal 162 of the flip-flop 103 is connected to third input
terminals 163 and 164 of the AND-gates 110 and 109,
respectively.
One output terminal 165 of the flip-flop 104 is connected back by
means of a conduit 166 to an input terminal 167. A second output
terminal 168 is connected to one input terminal 169 of the OR-gate
113. A branch conduit 170 connects the conduit 39 to a second input
terminal 171 of the OR-gate 113. The output terminal 172 of the
OR-gate 113 is connected by conduit 173 to input terminals 174,
175, and 176 of the flip-flops 101, 102, and 103, respectively.
The output terminal 180 of the AND-gate 105 is connected to second
input terminals 181 and 182 of AND-gates 107 and 108, respectively.
The output terminal 186 of AND-gate 106 is connected by conduit 187
to one input terminal 188 of the OR-gate 112. The output terminal
of AND-gate 107 is connected to conduit 42 to supply a load address
signal to the memory address counter/register 32. The output
terminal of the AND-gate 108 is connected to conduit 41 to supply
an advance address signal to the memory address counter/register
32. The output terminal of the AND-gate 110 is connected to conduit
43D to supply a load signal to the display register 38. The output
terminal of the AND-gate 109 is connected to a second input
terminal 189 of the OR-gate 112. The output of the OR-gate 112 is
connected to conduit 43 to supply a read signal to the (ROM)
33.
When a parcel is placed on the scale 12, a "Range Bit" signal is
supplied over conduit 39 to the first input terminal of the
flip-flop 101, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7. Such a signal is
supplied only when there is a parcel on the scale 12 and its weight
falls within the calculation limits of the calculator 10. The next
clock pulse CLM supplied to the input 121 of the flip-flop 101
toggles it into operation and an output signal is transmitted to
the inputs 145 and 146 of the AND-gates 105 and 106. The output
signal of the flip-flop 101 is shown on FIG. 7 and designated,
"FF1."
Read pulses CLR are supplied to the input terminal 126 of the
AND-gate 106, and with the presence of a signal on the input
terminal 146 from flip-flop 101, an output signal is transmitted
over conduit 187 to the OR-gate 112. The OR-gate 112 supplies an
output signal to the ROM 33 directing it to read the zip-to-zone
conversion of sector 70.
"Advance address" pulses CLA are supplied to the input terminal 125
of the AND-gate 105, and with the presence of a signal on input
terminal 145 from flip-flop 101, an output signal is transmitted
over conduit 180 to the input 182 of the AND-gate 108. The AND-gate
108 retransmits the signal over conduit 41 to the advance address
counter/register 32 directing it to advance the address. The
AND-gate 105 also transmits an output signal over 180 to one input
terminal 181 of the AND-gate 107. The gate 107 does not respond
until a signal from the OR-gate 111 is supplied to the other input
terminal 137. The inverter 138 ensures that the AND-gate 108
responds when the gate 107 does not, and vice versa.
A signal corresponding to the zone for a particular zip code is
transmitted from the ROM 33 over conduits 47 and 49 to the zip code
comparitor 34. When the signal from the ROM 33 is greater than or
equal to the zip code prefix signal supplied over conduit 61, the
zip code comparitor 34 sends an output signal over conduit 40 to
the OR-gate 111. The "Comparitor" output signal is shown in FIG.
7.
The output signal from the OR-gate 111 is transmitted over conduits
133, 134, and 135 and performs three functions. For one, the signal
is transmitted through the inverter 138 to the AND-gate 108 to halt
its advance address. Secondly, the signal appearing at the input
137 together with the next CLA pulse transmitted through the
AND-gate 105 and appearing at the input 181 causes the AND-gate 107
to conduct providing an output pulse called the "load address" over
conduit 42. The load address pulse is shown in FIG. 7 and occurs at
the point in time that would have been the next advance address
pulse. Finally, the signal supplied over conduit 133 to the input
136 of flip-flop 102 together with the next CLM pulse supplied to
the input 122 toggles this circuit into conduction. The output of
the flip-flop 102 is shown in FIG. 7 and designated "FF2."
The output signal of the flip-flop 102 is transmitted over the
conduit 156 to the inputs 157 and 158 of the AND-gates 105 and 106
and thereafter blocks their operation so long as FF2 remains in a
state of conduction. The output signal is also transmitted over
conduit 152 to the inputs 153 and 154 of the AND-gates 110 and 109.
The coincidence of the next CLR pulse on the input 129 triggers the
AND-gate 109 into conduction. The output signal from the AND-gate
109 is the read ROM (Rate) pulse shown on FIG. 7. This pulse
directs the ROM 33 to read the correct monetary amount for the
particular parcel weight-zone combination as will be described more
completely hereinafter. The coincidence of the next CLA pulse on
the input 130 and the signal from FF2 causes the AND-gate 110 to
conduct and an output signal designated "load display" is supplied
over conduit 43D to the display register 38. Finally, the output
signal of the flip-flop 102 appearing at the terminal 150 is
transmitted directly to the input 151 of the flip-flop 103.
The input signal appearing on 151 together with the next CLM pulse
on input 123 toggles the flip-flop 103 into conduction. The output
signal is shown on FIG. 7 and is designated "FF3." This output
signal is supplied through terminal 162 to input terminals 163 and
164 of the AND-gates 110 and 109 thereafter blocking their
operation so long as FF3 conducts. An output signal is also
supplied through terminal 160 directly to input 161 of the
flip-flop 104. This signal together with the next CLM pulse
supplied to input 124 toggles this circuit into operation.
The output signal of the flip-flop 104 is shown on FIG. 7 and is
designated "FF4." This signal is supplied through the output
terminal 168 to the input 169 of the OR-gate 113. The OR-gate 113
conducts and supplies a master clear signal over conduit 173 to the
input terminals 174, 175, and 176 of the flip-flops 101, 102, and
103 to restore them to their original condition. An output signal
is also transmitted from the output terminal 165 of flip-flop 104
over conduit 166 back to the input 167. This signal restores the
flip-flop 104 to its original condition. This also completes the
cycle of operation for the logic section 100 and conditions it for
calculating the postage for the next parcel.
In the present design for the logic section 100, the absence of a
range bit at input conduit 39 also constitutes a clear signal which
is transmitted over conduit 170 to the second input 171 of the
OR-gate 113. The output of the OR-gate 113 in response to this
signal is the same as for the output of the flip-flop 104.
The operation of the computer section 30 and particularly that of
the control logic 31 has been described herein in some detail
because it controls the operation of the other sections of the
computer section 30. These other sections are not described herein
with the same detail but are believed to be understandable to one
skilled in the art as to their possible structure and function.
The operation of the computer section 30 thus far has been
described as to how the proper zone is determined according to the
designated zip code for a parcel to be mailed, and the weight in
binary code as measured by the scale 12. The next step for the
computer section 30 is to determine the proper postage in response
to the read ROM command using this information and from the
additional designation as to class of handling and zone or local
destination. The read only memory 33 has a second sector 71 in
which a location is reserved for each weight/zone combination for
parcel post (4th class), and a third sector 72 for the weight/zone
combinations for priority mail. Additional sectors 73, 74, etc.,
for united parcel and/or other mail services may also be included
in the ROM 33. Tables D and E below list portions of the 4th class
(parcel post) zone rates and the priority mail (heavy pieces)
rates, respectively. ##SPC1##
It should be noted that the rates set forth above are discrete for
each weight/zone combination and the total such combinations within
the weight limits tabulated is an easily manageable number. It is
preferred that the total sector 71 or 72 be mounted on an easily
replaceable circuit board so that the calculator 10 can be brought
up to date in the event the Post Office changes the rates for
either class of mail.
It is also desirable to have the sector 70 mounted on a replaceable
circuit board so that the calculator 10 can be calibrated for
different points of mailing origin throughout the country. Other
than these sectors 70, 71, and 72 etc., of the memory bank 33, the
remaining sections of the calculator 10 should be common and usable
for any point of mailing origin.
Manual actuation of the class selector switch 15 provides a signal
to the binary adder 37 over conduit 64 corresponding to the
selection of 4th class or priority mail, or other mail services.
The zone signal corresponding to the selected zip code prefix has
been read from the ROM 33 as previously described and supplied over
conduits 47 and 50 to the zip/local zone control 35 which in turn
transmits this signal over conduit 44 to the memory address
counter/register 32. The function of the binary adder 37 is to
"add" the starting location (in binary numbers) for the desired
sector 70, 71, 72, etc., of the ROM 33 to the weight binary numbers
as received from the Gray-to-Binary converter 36 and supply this
signal over conduit 45 to the counter/register 32. The sum of the
class, zone, and weight binary numbers are thus loaded into the
counter/register 32 and a signal corresponding to this total is
transmitted over conduit 46 to the ROM 33. The control logic 31
next commands the proper postage rate to be read from the ROM by a
signal transmitted over conduit 43. The postage rate as read from
the sector 71, 72, or 73, etc., is transmitted over conduit 48 to
the display register 38 which causes the proper monetary amount to
be displayed on the numeric display 17. Alternatively, or
simultaneously, the display register 38 may actuate the postal
meter 25 causing it to dispense a sticker carrying the rate so
determined.
The binary adder 37 makes efficient use of a single memory broken
into the sectors described. Depending upon the maximum weight
capability desired for the scale 12, it may be desirable to break
the ROM 33 into individual memories, but the basic technique
described would remain the same.
Manual actuation of the switch 14 provides a signal II over conduit
62 to the zip/local zone control 35 which in turn provides a signal
over conduit 44 to the memory address counter/register 32. The
signal II is also applied over conduit 66 to the second input of
the OR-gate 111. When the switch 14 is actuated for the zip
position, the computer section 30 carries out the rate calculations
as described above. When the switch 14 is actuated for the Local
position, the control 35 automatically locks the three lower order
address bits (zone bits) to 000 for the local rate. The memory 33
is then read in either sector 71, 72, or other for the
corresponding local rates which are displayed on the numeric
display 38.
The embodiment of the calculator 10 shown and described above was
for a single, self-contained unit. The principles involved may also
be applied on a "time-shared" basis to a multiple station system
200 as shown in FIG. 8. The computer section 30M is capable of
calculating the postage for a particular parcel in the manner
described in a small fraction of a second. It is therefore capable
of serving a plurality of remote stations or terminals 210, 220,
230,.... All the external elements of the calculator 10 may be
employed at each terminal 210, 220, etc., except the computer
section 30M. It is only necessary to include some type of
multiplexing device 300 to insure that the proper rate for a
particular parcel be directed to the correct terminal.
The embodiment of the postage calculator shown and described is by
way of example only, and it is to be understood that many
modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit
of the invention. The invention is not to be considered as limited
to this embodiment except insofar as the claims may be so
limited.
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