U.S. patent number 3,631,707 [Application Number 04/832,947] was granted by the patent office on 1972-01-04 for hemostatic clip applicator.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Edward Weck & Company, Inc.. Invention is credited to Alphonse K. Miller.
United States Patent |
3,631,707 |
Miller |
January 4, 1972 |
HEMOSTATIC CLIP APPLICATOR
Abstract
An applicator for hemostatic clips of unitary U-shaped
construction. This applicator is formed with facing recesses in the
jaws which are adapted to receive, retain and apply a hemostatic
clip. The recesses are isolated from the rearward portion of the
jaw faces by means of notches cut into the faces at the rearward
end of the recesses.
Inventors: |
Miller; Alphonse K. (Merrick,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Edward Weck & Company, Inc.
(Long Island City, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25263018 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/832,947 |
Filed: |
June 13, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/142 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
17/122 (20130101); A61B 17/128 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
17/12 (20060101); A61B 17/128 (20060101); A61B
17/122 (20060101); B21d 009/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/325,326,346 ;227/19
;29/243.56 ;72/410,409 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lanham; Charles W.
Assistant Examiner: Keenan; Michael J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A surgical instrument adapted to engage, retain and apply a
U-shaped hemostatic clip of the type having substantially parallel,
normally separated arm portions interconnected at one end thereof
and being adapted to strangulate fluid ducts in the body, said
instrument comprising:
a first elongated member formed with a handle portion and a jaw
portion;
a second elongated member formed with a handle portion and a jaw
portion;
said first elongated member being adapted to cooperate with said
second elongated member so that said jaw portions may operate upon
said hemostatic clip; and
means for pivotally connecting said first and second elongated
members together intermediate their respective handle and jaw
portions so that said handle portions may be cooperatively
manipulated to open and close said jaw portions;
said jaw portions having confronting faces, said faces being
substantially parallel when said jaws are closed, each said face
being formed with a longitudinal groove adapted to receive said arm
portions in said normally separated condition, a transverse notch
across said face rearward of said groove and extending into said
face a distance greater than the depth of said groove, and a
transverse wall at the forward end of said groove substantially
perpendicular to the plane of said face, thereby providing an
abutment for the end of one arm of said hemostatic clip when said
arm is seated within said groove, said groove being shorter than
said hemostatic clip so that upon closure of said hemostatic clip
by positive displacement of said jaw portions toward each other to
deform said hemostatic clip, the outer extremities of said arms are
displaced to a position closer together than the outer extremities
of said interconnecting end of said hemostatic clip, said
interconnecting end remaining rounded and extending substantially
normally to the plane of said face into said notch.
2. The surgical instrument recited in claim 1, wherein:
said face is further formed with a transverse notch across said
face forward of said groove and rearward of said transverse
wall.
3. The surgical instrument recited in claim 1, and further
comprising:
resilient means for biasing said handle portions a predetermined
distance apart; and
means for normally preventing said handle portions from separating
by an amount greater than said predetermined distance.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates in general to mechanisms useful in the
strangulation of flexible tubular members and more specifically is
directed toward an applicator useful with hemostatic clips of
specific configurations for the strangulation of fluid ducts such
as blood vessels in humans and animals.
DISCUSSION OF THE PRIOR ART
In the course of a surgical operation, a surgeon must often sever
one or more blood vessels, sometimes as many as several dozen. It
is necessary to provide means for closing the ends of severed
vessels, at least until the end of the operation, to stop bleeding
which could interfere with the performance of the operation as well
as preventing unnecessary risk to the patient.
Conventionally, surgeons have used ligatures or the like tied about
the individual vessels at the desired point of strangulation. This
requires great dexterity and speed in order to tie off each blood
vessel while keeping the surgery time within reasonable limits.
More recently, however, hemostatic clips which are formed from a
single strip of deformable nontoxic material into a substantially
U-shape have been used to quickly and efficiently strangulate blood
vessels and other fluid ducts. These hemostatic clips, in
conjunction with a specially constructed forceps-type applicator,
have been described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,326,216 and No. 3,363,628,
issued June 20, 1967 and Jan. 16, 1968 respectively, to Ernest C.
Wood. The invention disclosed herein is an improvement over the
hemostatic clip applicator shown in the above patents.
The jaws of the applicators disclosed in the patents referred to
above were formed with grooves having substantially perpendicular
forward ends and rearward portions which simply became gradually
shallower. The techniques required for manufacturing such devices
were necessarily complicated and relative expensive. Furthermore,
after extensive use of these prior applicators, it became apparent
that disproportionately large forces were required for the final
increment of closure of the hemostatic clip. This was traced to the
fact that a relatively large amount of the material of the clip
became crowded at the bending point due to the fact that the bend
was sharp and the structure quite small. Moreover, this fact of
crowding of material at the bend of the hemostatic clip resulted in
a certain small factor of spring action whereby the clip tended to
open slightly after the closing forces were removed. Although this
was not generally detrimental to the closure of fluid ducts, in
certain instances this slight opening prevented complete and
positive strangulation with the consequent danger that the
hemostatic clip might accidentally be removed from the duct.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is a primary object of this invention to provide an improved
hemostatic clip applicator which is simple to manufacture while
providing positive and efficient closure of the hemostatic clips
with which it is intended to operate.
Broadly speaking, the novel applicator of this invention comprises
two pivotally joined elongated members having cooperating jaw
portions on one side of the pivot and cooperating handle portions
on the opposite side. Means are provided to resiliently urge the
jaw portions away from each other between certain limits. The jaw
portions are specifically formed to receive a hemostatic clip of
generally U-shaped configuration and to tightly close the same
about a fluid duct, generally referred to herein as a blood vessel,
while avoiding the problem of crowding of the material of the clip
together at the point of bending. The results of the use of this
applicator with the hemostatic clips described and claimed in U.S.
Pat No. 3,363,628 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,326,216 are that the
hemostatic clips are properly and fully closed through the use of
reduced closing forces and with substantially no tendency to spring
open upon release of the applicator after closure. In addition, the
applicator constructed in accordance with the principles of this
invention is simpler and more economical to manufacture than are
the applicators disclosed in the above patents.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The features and advantages of this invention will be readily
understood when the detailed description thereof is read in
conjunction with the drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a hemostatic clip applicator constructed
in accordance with the principles of this invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the applicator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the jaws of the
applicator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of one of the jaws of the
applicator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a view of a portion of the resilient handle separating
means shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a magazine adapted to hold a
plurality of hemostatic clips configured to cooperate with the
applicator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4 together with a
section of the magazine of FIG. 6 showing the applicator jaws in
relation to the magazine just prior to removal of a hemostatic clip
therefrom;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 7 after removal of the
clip from the magazine showing the hemostatic clip at its initial
point of closure;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 8 showing the hemostatic
clip which has completely closed upon a blood vessel;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective of the closed blood vessel of
FIG. 9; and
FIG. 11 is a perspective of the hemostatic clip of FIG. 10 without
the blood vessel between the arms thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
With reference to the drawing and more particularly to FIGS. 1
through 5 thereof, the details of a hemostatic clip applicator
constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention are
shown. The applicator is referred to generally by reference numeral
21 and comprises elongated member 22 rotatably secured to
complementary elongated member 23 by means of pivot 24. Elongated
member 22 is formed with handle portion 25 and jaw portion 26 while
elongated member 23 is formed with similar handle portion 27 and
jaw portion 28. The respective jaw portions cooperate to engage,
retain and apply a hemostatic clip as described below. Handle
portions 25 and 27, and consequently jaw portions 26 and 28 are
forced apart within specific limits by resilient member 31 which is
secured to handle portion 23 by suitable means such as screw 32 and
is removably and slidably secured to handle member 25 by means of
hook 33. The operation of this resilient member will be discussed
in further detail below.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, it may be seen that jaws 26 and 28
are similarly constructed, having cooperative face portions, and
therefore only jaw 26 will be described in detail. Jaw 26 generally
comprises body 34 and lip 35. Lip 35 is disposed at an angle with
respect to body 34 and has parallel sides, as is best shown in FIG.
2. The face of the lip portion of jaw 26 is formed with a forward
ridge 36 and notches 37, 38 separated by land 41. Land 41 has a
groove 42 and planar surfaces 43. Although groove 42 is shown
having a V-shaped cross section, it may have any suitable cross
section to fit a specific type of hemostatic clip. It can be seen
in FIG. 3 that notches 37, 38 are deeper than groove 42. The
details of the function of this construction will be discussed
below.
The specific hemostatic clip described and claimed in U.S. Pat. No.
3,363,628 is shown in FIGS. 6 through 11. FIG. 6 shows a magazine
44 having several hemostatic clips 45 stored therein for easy
access for use with applicator 21. In FIG. 7 jaws 26 and 28 are
shown in engagement with clip 45 which is still seated in a groove
in magazine 44 just prior to removal therefrom. As the clip and
applicator are removed from magazine 44, the clip is retained
between the applicator jaws as shown in FIG. 7 due to the biasing
action of resilient member 31. The clip is then in condition to be
applied to a blood vessel for purposes of closing it to stop the
further flow of blood therethrough. In FIG. 8 the jaws of
applicator 21 are shown to have been closed slightly from the
position shown in FIG. 7. Because of the specific configuration of
the lips of the jaws and the cooperating shape of the hemostatic
clip, the previously separated ends of clip 45 have come together
to form a closed semielliptical opening between the arms of the
clip. If, prior to the initial closing step shown in FIG. 8, the
clip had been positioned around a blood vessel 46, the blood vessel
would then be fully enclosed between the arms of the hemostatic
clip as shown, and there would be no tendency, when the clip is
completely closed, for the blood vessel to slide forward within the
clip or to in any way escape from between the arms thereof. In FIG.
9, the hemostatic clip is shown completely closed about blood
vessel 46, thereby preventing further flow of blood therethrough.
Although the ends of clip 45 have again become separated, blood
vessel 46 is tightly and positively held between the straight and
nearly parallel arms of the clip.
With specific reference to FIGS. 9, 10 and 11, it is readily
apparent that rearward notches 38 in the applicator jaws cooperate
with the folded end 47 of clip 45 to allow that end to assume a
natural configuration upon complete closure of the clip. That is,
instead of forcing the clip to make a sharp, extremely tight bend
which substantially deforms and crowds the material, the inside of
the bend is allowed to remain somewhat rounded and material
deformation is significantly reduced. By allowing end 47 of the
hemostatic clip to enter notches 38 while the arms of the clip are
forced together, hemostatic clip 45 can be closed with considerably
less force than would be necessary in the absence of notches
38.
From the above description it may be seen that the applicator of
this invention causes the hemostatic clip shown in the drawing to
fully surround the blood vessel before closing upon it, and to
safely, positively and efficiently strangulate the blood vessel
with a relatively small amount of closing force while reducing any
tendency of the hemostatic clip to spring apart after the closing
force has been removed. It can readily be appreciated that the
manufacture of the lips of the applicator having a groove 42 is
greatly simplified by forming notches 37, 38 at each end of the
groove. Without such notches it would be necessary for the groove
to have at least a forward vertical wall in order to properly
engage and retain the hemostatic clip, which is provided by the
flat rearward wall of ridge 36 as shown in the drawing.
Although forward notches 37 serve to simplify the manufacture of
the applicator herein described, they are not essential to the
invention since they serve no purpose in grasping or closing
hemostatic clips. Conversely, rearward notches 38 cooperate with
groove 42 and hemostatic clip 45 to make the closure of such clips
more efficient and positive. If desired for any purpose, notches 37
may be omitted from the applicator jaws and groove 42 will then end
in a perpendicular wall at ridge 36.
The construction and function of resilient member 31 may be readily
described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 5. Resilient member 31
is shown as a spring-steel band which is fixed to handle 27 by
suitable means such as screw 32, and bears against the opposite
surface of handle 25 to force the handles apart. In order to
restrict the distance which handles 25, 27 are biased apart,
resilient member 31 is formed with an opening 51 having a
rearwardly extending slot 52, the transition between opening 51 and
slot 52 providing lateral shoulders which removably engage hook 33
on handle 25. This prevents the handles and jaws of applicator 21
from being unintentionally separated a greater distance than is
required for lips 35 to firmly engage hemostatic clip 45 in
magazine 44. The biasing action of member 31 maintains sufficient
pressure upon the clip by jaws 26, 28 so that it is retained by the
applicator after removal from the magazine. However, in order to
facilitate separation of the applicator handles by a greater
distance for such purposes as sterilizing and cleaning the jaws,
member 31 is made suitably flexible and slot 52 is appropriately
wide so that it may be opened sufficiently to allow hook 33 to pass
through it merely by substantially increasing the forces which tend
to urge the handles apart. Thus, resilient member 31 is so
constructed that, in normal operation, it urges the handles apart a
predetermined distance but prevents their unintentional separation
by a greater distance, while at the same time it permits the
handles to be further separated by the exertion of an increased
separating force causing resilient member 31 to become disengaged
from hook 33.
The foregoing is a complete description of a preferred embodiment
of a hemostatic clip applicator constructed in accordance with the
principles of this invention. It is likely that changes and
modifications will occur to those skilled in this art which are
within the inventive concepts disclosed herein.
* * * * *