U.S. patent number 3,631,286 [Application Number 05/011,735] was granted by the patent office on 1971-12-28 for electroluminescent display device with perforated electrodes.
This patent grant is currently assigned to G. T. Schjeldahl Company. Invention is credited to Donald E. Anderson, Richard L. Swisher.
United States Patent |
3,631,286 |
Anderson , et al. |
December 28, 1971 |
ELECTROLUMINESCENT DISPLAY DEVICE WITH PERFORATED ELECTRODES
Abstract
Electroluminescent device means comprising a base substrate
member having a plurality of individual electrically conductive
drive lines arranged in integral rows upon the surface of said
substrate, a film of an electroluminescent phosphor disposed on the
surface of said rows of electrically conductive drive lines, a
plurality of individual electrically conductive drive lines
arranged in integral columns upon the surface of said phosphor and
orthogonally overlying said rows at certain mutual junction areas;
and means coupling a source of electrical energy to each of said
electrically conductive drive lines in said rows and columns; said
electrically conductive columns having isolated perforate openings
formed therein at said junction areas, said openings having a large
peripheral to area ratio and being disposed along said conductors
in enclosed relationship therewithin.
Inventors: |
Anderson; Donald E.
(Northfield, MN), Swisher; Richard L. (Northfield, MN) |
Assignee: |
G. T. Schjeldahl Company
(Northfield, MN)
|
Family
ID: |
21751746 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/011,735 |
Filed: |
February 16, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
313/505;
315/169.3; 315/169.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G09F
9/33 (20130101); H05B 33/26 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G09F
9/33 (20060101); H05B 33/26 (20060101); H05b
033/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;313/108,18A,18B,109.5
;315/169,169TV |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lake; Roy
Assistant Examiner: Demeo; Palmer C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Electroluminescent means comprising:
a. a base substrate member;
b. a first plurality of individual electrically conductive drive
lines arranged in integral rows upon the surface of said
substrate;
c. a film of an electroluminescent phosphor disposed on the surface
of said rows of electrically conductive drive lines;
d. a second plurality of individual electrically conductive drive
lines arranged in integral columns upon the surface of said
phosphor, and orthogonally overlying said rows of drive lines to
form mutual junction areas; and
e. means coupling a source of electrical energy to each of said
electrically conductive drive lines in said rows and columns;
f. said electrically conductive columns having isolated perforate
openings formed therein at said junction areas, said openings
having a substantially constant transverse dimension and having a
large peripheral to area ratio with a length to width ratio of
about 6, and being disposed along said electrically conductive
drive line in enclosed relationship therewithin.
2. The electroluminescent means as defined in claim 1 being
particularly characterized in that said isolated perforate openings
are slotted openings.
3. The electroluminescent means as defined in claim 2 being
particularly characterized in that said slotted openings are in an
"0" configuration having an electrical conductor bridging the
inscribed and circumscribed area.
4. The electroluminescent means as defined in claim 1 being
particularly characterized in that the longitudinal axes of said
first plurality of electrically conductive drive lines is arranged
at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the second plurality of
electrically conductive drive lines.
Description
The present invention relates generally to electroluminescent
devices, and specifically to an electroluminescent device having a
film of an electroluminescent phosphor disposed between mutually
orthogonally arranged rows and columns of electrically conductive
drive lines, the phosphor being arranged to respond to the
occurrence of coincident electrical signals at the junction areas
between said drive lines.
Electroluminescent phosphors respond to the application of a
voltage across oppositely disposed surfaces of a phosphor film. In
these devices, the light energy is produced when voltage is applied
to opposite surfaces of the film, the response being in the form of
light of a certain predetermined wavelength.
The intensity of the light given off by the excited phosphor is
normally at its greatest level at a point along the edge of the
electrode. While electrically conductive transparent materials are
available for use in connection with these devices, certain
advantages may be achieved by utilizing opaque electrodes which are
perforated in order to provide openings therein to permit the
emission of light from the excited phosphor.
By arranging the electrically conductive drive lines in mutually
orthogonal row and column relationship, signals may be applied to
certain preselected lines so as to provide a visual readout of the
applied signals. Such devices find application in the data
processing field such as, for example, as digital display devices
and the like, and may also be utilized as the input to a light
amplifier device.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an
improved electroluminescent device which comprises an
electroluminescent phosphor sandwiched between individual
orthogonally arranged rows and columns of drive lines intersecting
at certain mutual junction areas, at least one of the drive lines
being perforated in the junction areas so as to form isolated
openings having a large peripheral to area ratio.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide an
improved electroluminescent display device or panel having an
electroluminescent phosphor disposed as a film sandwiched between
opaque mutually orthogonally disposed sets of drive lines, at least
one of the sets of drive lines having perforate slotted openings
formed therein at the junction areas established between said
orthogonally arranged drive lines.
Other and further objects of the present invention will become
apparent to those skilled in the art upon a study of the following
specification, appended claims, and accompanying drawing
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an electroluminescent display device
prepared in accordance with the present invention, and illustrating
certain of the superimposed layers in partially removed or broken
away relationship so as to illustrate each of the individual
layers;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view, on an enlarged scale, illustrating the
preferred configuration of the isolated perforate openings formed
in the opaque conductors formed in one of the sets of drive line
incorporated in the structure of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line and in the
direction of the arrows 3--3 of FIG. 1.
In accordance with the preferred modification of the present
invention, and with particular attention to the drawing, the
electroluminescent display device generally designated 10 comprises
a base substrate member 11, having arranged or disposed thereon a
plurality of individual electrically conductive drive lines 12--12,
these drive lines being arranged in integral rows upon the surface
of the substrate. An electroluminescent phosphor layer 13 is
disposed on the surface of the rows of electrically conductive
drive lines 12--12. A second plurality of individual electrically
conductive drive lines 14--14 are arranged on the surface of the
phosphor 13, these drive lines being arranged in integral columns
overlying the rows 12--12, and being disposed orthogonally thereto.
The individual drive lines form mutual junction areas, these
junction areas enclosing a layer of electroluminescent
phosphor.
The electrically conductive drive lines are preferably fabricated
from deposited layers of metal, such as, for example, silver,
copper, aluminum, or the like. These conductors may be applied by
means of evaporative depositions, sputter depositions, electrolytic
or electroless depositions, or the like. These conductors, being
opaque, would, of course, prevent the emission of light from the
excited electroluminescent phosphor. Accordingly, a plurality of
openings are formed in the drive lines 14--14, these openings being
shown in FIG. 2 as at 15. As is apparent in the figure, the
openings are isolated perforate slotted openings which are formed
at the junction areas existing between the orthogonally arranged
sets of drive lines. These openings have a large peripheral to area
ratio, so as to increase, enhance, or otherwise take advantage of
the high fields which exist at the edges of conductors, thereby
obtaining a brighter glow in the excited electroluminescent
phosphor.
Specifically, these perforate openings are in the form of an "0"
having an electrically conductive segment bridging the inscribed
area and the outer area, these bridging areas being shown at 16 and
17, for example. Thus, substantial glows are obtained adjacent the
edges of the conductors, thus contributing to a greater or enhanced
response in the electroluminescent phosphor structure.
By way of physical dimensions, one typical device fabricated in
accordance with the present invention utilized silver electrodes
having a center-to-center spacing of 20 mils, with the individual
drive lines having a width of 15 mils. The perforate slotted
openings were generally square, and were disposed at the mutual
junction points established between the individual drive line
pairs. These slots, which had a width of about 2 mils, are
preferably about 12 mils on a side. Obviously, other perforate
slotted configurations could be utilized, if desired, and depending
upon the demands of the individual device under consideration.
The substrate member 11 is fabricated from any suitable base
material such as, for example, microslide glass or the like. This
material forms an excellent substrate for evaporatively deposited
silver, copper, or aluminum. The electroluminescent layer 15 may be
prepared from any suitable electroluminescent phosphor material.
These phosphor materials are, of course, commercially available.
For the generation of light energy having a wave length of about
5,500 A. a suitable phosphor is that material designated by the
code mark EL-CB/2 available from the United Mineral & Chemical
Corp. of New York City. This material consists essentially of zinc
sulfide phosphor doped with a modest quantity of copper halide,
such as the bromide and chloride. Suitable binders are employed to
provide for a coherent film of the phosphor, binders such as
cyanoethyl starch or cyanoethyl sucrose being useful.
The electroluminescent display device of the present invention is
preferably encapsulated within a layer of transparent material such
as, for example, a layer of methyl methacrylate, epoxy, or the
like. Encapsulating materials are, of course, commercially
available.
Means are provided for coupling a source of electrical energy to
each of the electrically conductive drive lines arranged in the
rows and columns. Such means may be provided in the form of
individual lead lines or the like such as at 18 and 10 on the drive
lines 12--12, and at 20 and 21 on the drive lines 14--14. A
coincidental pulse established along lines 18 and 20 will provide
an output in the form of an excited phosphor in the mutual junction
zone existing between the appropriate drive lines as at 22.
The thicknesses of the phosphor layer 13 is preferably in the range
of between about 0.25 and 1 mil. The voltage required to excite the
phosphor is preferably in the range of between about 25 volts and
2,500 volts, it being appreciated that higher signal magnitudes may
be utilized consistent with the electrical properties and
capabilities of the phosphor and its binder substance.
While the perforated opening in the panel shown in the drawing
utilizes a specific configuration to provide bridging between the
inner circumference and outer circumference of the opening, in
certain instances, it may be possible to utilize capacitive
coupling to provide a floating internal member which is otherwise
electrically isolated from the remaining areas of the electrode.
Such a device would, of course, be constructed essentially the same
as the structure shown here, with the exception of the means for
forming the isolated internal member.
As has been indicated hereinabove, the device of the present
invention may be utilized in connection with digital data
processing systems, but may also find use in other areas. For
example, the device may be utilized as a light amplifier driver,
where the amplifier device per se changes the output of the
individual slots into a more readable or coherent light output.
Other uses, of course, exist for the structure.
* * * * *