U.S. patent number 3,629,880 [Application Number 04/855,965] was granted by the patent office on 1971-12-28 for apparatus for assisting invalids.
Invention is credited to Johannes Nicolaas van Rhyn.
United States Patent |
3,629,880 |
van Rhyn |
December 28, 1971 |
APPARATUS FOR ASSISTING INVALIDS
Abstract
This invention relates to an apparatus for assisting a user
thereof (particularly a person who has some disability in his legs)
to stand and comprises a framework incorporating a raisable seat
member adapted to support the seat of the user, means for raising
the seat member, and a knee support adapted to engage at about knee
height with the legs of the user.
Inventors: |
van Rhyn; Johannes Nicolaas
(Klapmuts, Cape Province, ZA) |
Family
ID: |
25561237 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/855,965 |
Filed: |
September 8, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
|
|
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Sep 10, 1968 [ZA] |
|
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68/5849 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
5/83.1; 280/250;
297/DIG.10; 297/DIG.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61G
7/1096 (20130101); A61G 7/1017 (20130101); Y10S
297/10 (20130101); A61G 2200/36 (20130101); Y10S
297/04 (20130101); A61G 2200/52 (20130101); A61G
7/1059 (20130101); A61G 5/026 (20130101); A61G
7/053 (20130101); A61G 5/1059 (20130101); A61G
7/1046 (20130101); A61G 7/1048 (20130101); A61G
2200/34 (20130101); A61G 5/023 (20130101); A61G
7/109 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61G
5/14 (20060101); A61G 5/00 (20060101); B62m
001/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;280/250,249
;297/4,5,330,427,428,DIG.10,DIG.4 ;5/81,83,86 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Betts; Kenneth H.
Claims
I claim:
1. An apparatus for assisting a user thereof to stand, which
comprises a pair of spaced-apart upwardly extending posts, a
footplate fast with said posts near their lower ends, a crossbar
between said posts towards their upper ends, a rearwardly extending
stabilizing limb mounted near the foot of each post, a rearwardly
extending cantilever arm pivotally mounted at about the same height
on each post about a substantially horizontal axis, a seat
suspended from said cantilever arms and adapted to engage the seat
of the user, means adapted to be operable by the user for raising
the cantilever arms and thereby raising said seat, forwardly
extending stabilizing arms situated on the upwardly extending
posts, and a knee support pivoted about said crossbar and adapted
to engage at about knee height with the user on raising the
cantilever arms.
2. An apparatus for assisting a user thereof to stand, which
comprises an upwardly extending framework incorporating a raisable
seat member adapted to engage the seat of the user, means for
raising said seat member, and a knee support adapted to be moveable
towards the legs of the user to engage them at about knee height on
causing the seat to be raised.
3. An apparatus for assisting a user thereof to stand, which
comprises an upwardly extending framework, a pair of raisable
cantilever arms pivotally mounted about a substantially horizontal
axis on said framework, a seat member supported from and raisable
with said cantilever arms, said seat member being adapted to engage
the seat of the user, a pivotally mounted support pad at the distal
end of each cantilever arm, said support pads being adapted to
engage under the arms of the user, and means for keeping the
support pads substantially horizontal on raising and lowering the
cantilever arms.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cantilever arms
are provided with means adapted to be operable by the user, for
raising said cantilever arms about their pivotal axis.
5. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the means for raising
the cantilever arms includes a plunger and cylinder assembly for
each arm, and hydraulic pump means incorporating a cam and follower
arrangement in which the cam is drivable by means of a chain from a
crank mounted on a cantilever arm.
6. An apparatus for assisting a user thereof to stand, which
comprises at least one upwardly extending post, a pair of
rearwardly extending stabilizing limbs mounted near the foot of
said posts, a pair of spaced-apart rearwardly extending cantilever
arms pivotally mounted about a substantially horizontal axis on
said posts, a seat member supported by said arms and adapted to
engage the seat of the user, means for raising the cantilever arms
and thereby raising the seat member, and a knee support pivotally
suspended from an axis coaxial with the pivotal axis of the
cantilever arms, said knee support having a protruding arm adapted
to engage with one of said cantilever arms on raising the
cantilever arms thereby causing the knee support to engage at about
knee height with the user.
Description
THIS INVENTION relates to apparatus for assisting invalids. It
relates in particular to a device which will enable invalids who
have some disability in their lower limbs to stand.
According to the invention, there is provided apparatus comprising
a raisable seat member adapted to support the seat of a user and a
knee support adapted to engage at or about knee height with the
legs of a user.
If desired, the seat member may be raisable by cantilever arms
pivotally mounted about a substantially horizontal axis on a
framework. The framework may comprise an upwardly extending post or
posts and a rearwardly extending chassis portion. The arms may
conveniently be mounted on the post or posts and extend rearwardly
therefrom.
The arms may be provided with means operable by the user himself
for raising or lowering them about their pivotal axis. Each means
may include a plunger and cylinder assembly for each arm, and
hydraulic pump means, operable by the user. The hydraulic pump
means may include a cam and follower arrangement, the cam being
driven by means of a chain from a crank operable by the user.
Conveniently the crank may be mounted on one of the cantilever
arms. The arms may include support pads adapted to engage with the
armpits of a user. Means may be provided for keeping these pads
substantially horizontal on raising or lowering the cantilever
arms. Lowering of the cantilever arms may be effected by the user
reversing the direction of cranking or otherwise releasing the
pressure in the hydraulic pump.
Furthermore, if desired, the knee support may be movable so that it
can move towards the legs of the patient, e.g. when the seat member
is being raised. Conveniently, the knee support will be movable in
arcuate fashion, through a vertical plane containing the pivotal
axis of the arms. The knee support may be operatively displaced
towards the knees of the user by one of the cantilever arms as said
arm raises, the knee support preferably being pivotally suspended
from an axis coaxial with the pivotal axis and having an arm
engaging with the cantilever arm.
As mentioned above, the framework may comprise an upwardly
extending post or posts and a rearwardly extending chassis portion.
It may be supported on wheels to make it mobile. Preferably a pair
of posts is provided, joined together and spaced apart by a
footplate and by a crossbar to define a rectangular main frame. The
cantilever arms may be pivoted about the crossbar. The spacing
apart of the posts is preferably greater than the distance between
an intended user's armpits. The chassis portion of the framework
preferably is in the form of a pair of rearwardly extending limbs
and each attached at one end of an upwardly extending post. Thus,
when viewed in plan view, the framework preferably is in the form
of a U-shaped bracket with the post(s) at the crossmember between
the arms of the U. A wheel may be provided at each corner of the
framework. The posts may be provided with forwardly extending
stabilizing arms to prevent the apparatus from toppling forward,
which may have a leading wheel thereon. The stabilizing arms may be
arranged so that they are retractable from a position at or near
ground level to a position lying substantially parallel to the
posts.
The pair of rearwardly extending limbs preferably are pivoted about
the posts so that they may be arranged in parallel, converging or
diverging relationship. Latching means may be provided to enable
each limb to be latched in one or more positions, or unlatched,
preferably independently of the other limb. The latching means may
comprise at least one lug and dog combination between each limb and
the main frame. For example, lugs can protrude from different
positions on the insides of the limbs and can cooperate with dogs
on the posts. A pair of levers may be cooperable with the dogs and
terminate in handles positioned conveniently for the user to
operate.
If desired, the machine may be provided with means whereby the
wheels may be driven, conveniently from crank handles. If desired,
a suitable clutch arrangement may be provided between the drive for
the wheels, and the pump means for pumping hydraulic fluid into the
hydraulic plunger and cylinder assemblies.
The invention will now be described by way of example with
reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows an oblique three-dimensional rear view of an apparatus
in accordance with the invention, with parts broken away;
FIG. 2 shows an oblique three-dimensional front view of another
apparatus in accordance with the invention; and
FIG. 3 shows an oblique front view, from the other side of the
apparatus of FIG. 2, with the arms in the fully raised
position.
In FIGS. 2 and 3, a user for the apparatus has been sketched in to
illustrate more clearly the leverage between the seat member and
knee support.
In these figures, an apparatus is shown having cantilever arms 10,
10.1. Attached to one end of each of the cantilever arms are
support pads 12, 12.1 suitably shaped to engage under the armpits
of the user. The cantilever arms 10, 10.1 are pivotably mounted
about a horizontal axis on posts 14, 14.1 and are interconnected by
means of crossbar 16.
The posts 14, 14.1 are mounted on a footplate 18 (which may be
adjustable in elevation) and supported on driving wheels 20, 20.1.
Swingably mounted about pins 22, 22.1 are rearwardly extending
limbs 24, 24.1, which are supported at their distal ends on casters
26, 26.1.
Raising and lowering of the cantilever arms 10, 10.1, as indicated
by arrow A, is effected by means of plunger and cylinder assemblies
28, 28.1, which are actuated by means of a pump assembly 30,
supplying fluid under pressure via suitable piping 31 (see FIGS. 2
and 3, the piping being omitted in FIG. 1 for simplification).
The pump 30 is operated by means of a sprocket and chain drive,
from crank handles 32, 32.1, sprockets 34, 34.1, chains 36, 36.1,
sprockets 38, 38.1, cam 40 and pump plunger actuating arm 42.
Provision is also made for driving the wheels 20, 20.1 by means of
the crank handles 32, 32.1, via sprockets 34, 34.1, chains 36,
36.1, sprockets 38, 38.1, sprockets 44, 44.1 and driving chains 46,
46.1. A suitable clutch mechanism is provided between sprockets 38
and 44, and 38.1 and 44.1. The clutch may be of the dog clutch
type.
The support pads 12, 12.1 on the cantilever arms 10, 10.1 are so
arranged so as to pivot so that they remain substantially
horizontal under control of control rods 46, 46.1 when the
cantilever arms 10, 10.1 are raised and lowered.
In FIG. 1 two half seats 48, 48.1 depend from the cantilever arms
10, 10.1. Each half seat is attaChed to a height-adjusting
mechanism comprising pawl 50, 50.1, cylinder 52, 52.1 and
cylindrical rack 54, 54.1. If desired, a full seat may be provided
instead of the two half seats (and this embodiment will be
described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3). The rack 54, 54.1
is pivotably mounted about a pin 55, 55.1 in cantilever arms 10,
10.1 so that the racks 54, 54.1 can remain substantially vertical
when the cantilever arms 10, 10.1 are raised and lowered. The half
seats are arranged so as to swivel in a substantially horizontal
plane about the racks 54, 54.1.
The rearwardly extending limbs 24, 24.1 are arranged so that they
may be latched in alternative lateral positions relative to each
other so as to afford greater mobility to the device. Mounted on
the inside of each limb 24, 24.1, and extending at different angles
therefrom, are lugs 56, 56.1, 56.2, 56.3 (only the left-hand ones
are visible in FIGS. 1 and 3, and the right-hand ones in FIG. 2).
The lugs are adapted to cooperate with dogs 58, 58.1, 58.2, 58.3.
The dogs can be moved in and out of engagement with the lugs by
means of levers 60, 60.1 extending to within easy reach of the user
and terminating in knobs 62, 62.1. Only one lever and knob is shown
in FIG. 1 for simplicity.
The apparatus further includes the knee support means generally
indicated by reference 64. It comprises a sleeve 66 pivotally
mounted about the axis of the crossbar 16. Fast with the sleeve is
a depending arm 68 having transverse padded rest 70. The support
means includes further an upwardly projecting arm 72 having an
adjusting screw 74. This screw 74 is adapted to engage with the
cantilever arm 10 when it rises in pivoting about its pivotal axis.
This urges the arm 72 upwardly in the direction of arrow B and the
padded rest 70 rearwardly to press against the legs of a user at or
below knee level, thus straightening his legs (bearing in mind that
the user's seat will be supported on the seat depending from the
cantilever arms 10, 10.1). While the user is standing the padded
rest will provide support to his legs to prevent them bending.
With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the apparatus comprises a wheeled
framework having cantilever arms 10, 10.1 pivotally mounted on
posts 14, 14.1. Rearwardly extending limbs 24, 24.1 are pivoted
about the posts 14, 14.1. The posts are supported on wheels 20,
20.1, and the limbs on casters 26, 26.1.
Extending forwardly of the posts are a pair of stabilizing arms 76,
76.1 terminating in a wheel bracket 78 from which a rotatable
caster wheel 80 depends. In an alternative embodiment (not shown)
the stabilizing arms are retractable from the position shown in
FIGS. 2 and 3 to a position substantially parallel to the posts 14,
14.1.
A knee support comprising depending arm 68 and padded rest 70 is
mounted about sleeve 66. In FIGS. 2 and 3 the seat member is
provided by a swing-type seat 82 suspended from the cantilever arms
10, 10.1 by chains 84, 84.1. To make temporary removal of one or
both sides of the seat easy, the pins 55, 55.1 of FIG. 1 are
replaced by hooks 86, 86.1. A further pair of removable chains 88,
88.1 incorporating hooks at their ends link the front corners of
the seat with eyelets 90, 90.1 on the posts 14, 14.1.
When the apparatus contains a seated person (e.g. as in FIG. 2) the
wheels 20, 20.1 and casters 26, 26.1 rest on the ground, and caster
80 is off the ground. In FIG. 2, the cantilever arms are about
midway between their lowest and highest positions and padded rest
70 does not press against the user's legs. The user's weight pulls
the chains 84, 84.1 taut, while chains 88, 88.1 hang loosely.
When the user wants to stand, he operates crank handles 32, 32.1
causing the cantilever arms to lift him under his armpits and the
padded rest to press against or below his knees. As the seat 82 is
lifted, the chains 88, 88.1 also become taut to prevent the seat
from slipping too far in an upwardly direction. Caster 80 can rest
on the ground to prevent the apparatus from toppling over.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, levers 60, 60.1 and knobs
62, 62.1 are modified, compared with the embodiment of FIG. 1, in
that they terminate on the posts 14, 14.1, but still within reach
of the user. By operating one of these levers (e.g. 62.1) a lug
56.2 can be freed from engagement with a dog 58.2, so that the
position of limb 24.1 can be adjusted.
Also, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a portion 92 of
footplate 18 can be raised or lowered by suitable means (e.g.
adjusting screws 94, 94.1) to suit the height of the user.
It is an advantage of this invention that invalids who still have
the use of the upper parts of their bodies, may now be placed in a
position to take care of themselves. In particular they should be
able to help themselves regarding their toilet, and they will also
be able to raise themselves into a standing position. They will be
able to perform manual work while standing in the apparatus at a
bench or counter or such similar position. The apparatus can be
wheeled to a bed, or chair, the arms of the chassis projecting
underneath the bed or chair (or on either side of the chair). The
cantilever arms then project over the bed or chair. The patient or
invalid can then lift himself out of the bed or chair by operating
the cantilever arms and he can then push himself along by wheeling
the carriage if he has some use of his legs, or can then be wheeled
wherever he wants to go. He can lower himself onto a chair or a
wheelchair, and he can even help himself with his own toilet.
* * * * *