U.S. patent number 3,629,875 [Application Number 05/008,509] was granted by the patent office on 1971-12-28 for portable inflatable enclosure for personal use.
Invention is credited to Doris I. Dow, Ernest P. Kollar.
United States Patent |
3,629,875 |
Dow , et al. |
December 28, 1971 |
PORTABLE INFLATABLE ENCLOSURE FOR PERSONAL USE
Abstract
Crown and base member of corresponding size and shape
peripherally connected to upper and lower ends of space-enclosing
curtain. Longitudinal pockets on curtain inflatable to erect the
enclosure and make it self-supporting. Crown or base or both may be
hollow container for water with air pump to force water up to
shower head. Other water source may be hose or external tank
pressurized by any means. Same pump may be used to inflate curtain
and pressurize water. Roof-type crown and pan-type base securable
together to form carrying case for curtain and shower accessories.
Similar enclosure used for toilet or lavatory and connected
facewise to shower enclosure, Divided and zipped wall of shower
protects lavatory room against water from shower room.
Inventors: |
Dow; Doris I. (Broomfield,
CO), Kollar; Ernest P. (North of Broomfield, CO) |
Family
ID: |
21732005 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/008,509 |
Filed: |
February 4, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
4/599; D25/19;
52/2.11; 135/96; D23/283; 4/900; 135/95; 135/902 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47K
3/325 (20130101); Y10S 135/902 (20130101); Y10S
4/90 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47K
3/28 (20060101); A47K 3/32 (20060101); A44k
003/22 (); F24h 001/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;4/145-156,116 ;52/2
;135/1A,1,2A,2,3,4,5,3A,4A,5A ;296/23 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Artis; Henry K.
Claims
We claim:
1. A portable enclosure for personal use, comprising: a
shape-retaining base member with a margin having a fixed peripheral
planform; a shape-retaining crown member with a margin having a
fixed peripheral planform corresponding in size and shape to that
of the base member; and an elongate space-enclosing flexible
curtain having a first end margin peripherally secured to the
margin of the base member and a second end margin peripherally
secured to the margin of the crown member; said curtain being
provided with a plurality of elongate pockets, each extending
substantially from end to end of said curtain and being located in
spaced parallel relation around the major portion of the periphery
of the curtain; said pockets being inflatable to serve as ribs to
stiffen said curtain and render it substantially self-supporting
and deflatable to permit compact storage thereof when not in
use.
2. An enclosure as claimed in claim 1; said curtain being formed of
translucent material to admit natural light to the enclosure.
3. An enclosure as claimed in claim 1; at least one of said members
being in the form of a peripheral frame to define an open end for
said enclosure.
4. An enclosure as claimed in claim i; said curtain comprising two
layers of flexible material arranged in face-wise relation and
bonded together along a series of spaced parallel lines to define
one of said elongate pockets between each pair of bonding
lines.
5. An enclosure as claimed in claim 1; said curtain being provided
with an opening extending along the major portion of its length to
afford ingress and egress; and fastening means to maintain said
opening closed during use.
6. An enclosure as claimed in claim 1; said base member being in
the form of a pan having an upstanding marginal edge and a
depressed central portion; and said crown member comprising a roof
having a depending marginal flange; said pan and roof being adapted
to be secured together to form a hollow carrying case to enclose
said curtain in its deflated collapsed condition.
7. An enclosure as claimed in claim 6; said curtain comprising a
plurality of elongate strips provided with slide fasteners along
their mating edges; said strips being separable along the major
portion of their lengths to facilitate folding for storage in said
carrying case.
8. An enclosure as claimed in claim 1; one of said members being in
the form of a container to store water; a shower head in said
enclosure; and conduit means extending from said container to said
shower head to supply water thereto to facilitate the use of said
enclosure as a portable shower.
9. An enclosure as claimed in claim 8; said container being
provided with a heat-absorbing external surface to heat the water
contained therein by solar radiation.
10. An enclosure as claimed in claim 8; the member formed as a
container being the base member; and means to supply air under
pressure to the interior of said container to force the water
contained therein to a height sufficient to supply said shower
head.
11. An enclosure as claimed in claim 10; the means to supply air
under pressure comprising a manually operable pump located within
the enclosure and operable by the occupant to supply additional air
during use of the shower.
12. An enclosure as claimed in claim 11; said pump being
connectable to said elongate pockets to inflate them and erect the
curtain to extended position.
13. An enclosure as claimed in claim 1; said base member being in
the form of a pan having an upstanding marginal edge and a
depressed central portion; and said crown member comprising a roof
having a depending marginal flange; said pan and roof being adapted
to be secured together to form a hollow carrying case to enclose
said curtain in its deflated collapsed condition; a shower head in
said enclosure; and means to supply water to said shower head to
facilitate the use of said enclosure as a portable shower.
14. An enclosure as claimed in claim 13; said pan comprising a
container to store water; conduit means extending from said
container to said shower head; and means to supply air under
pressure to the interior of said container to force the water
contained therein to a height sufficient to supply said shower
head.
15. An enclosure as claimed in claim 13; the major portion of the
first and second end margins of the curtain being bonded to the
margins of the pan and roof to seal the enclosure against water
leakage and to produce a unitized, self-supporting structure.
16. An enclosure as claimed in claim 15; an opening in the roof to
vent water vapor; an opening in a lower portion of the curtain to
admit fresh air; and a fine-mesh screen across the lower opening;
at least the inner face of said screen having a hydrophobic surface
to prevent outflow of water.
17. An enclosure as claimed in claim 16; a water filling fitting at
one corner of the pan extending toward the roof; and the vent
opening in the roof being in the corner thereof in registry with
the fitting to allow the fitting to project through the opening and
facilitate filling of the container when the pan and roof are
secured together; the curtain being free of the roof in said corner
to permit said projection.
18. An enclosure as claimed in claim 1; said curtain in extended
position having at least one substantially planar vertical face;
said curtain being divided vertically along a major portion of the
length of its planar face for ingress and egress; a shower head in
said enclosure; a slide fastener to close the planar face of said
curtain and prevent escape of water; a second, lavatory enclosure
similar to said first enclosure including a substantially planar
face secured in facewise juxtaposition to the first said planar
face and provided with an open section in registry with the divided
portion of said first planar face to provide a combined shower and
lavatory unit.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention lies in the field of portable enclosures for
personal use and is directed to such devices which may be readily
assembled and dismantled for storage or transportation. It is more
particularly directed to such a device which has a minimum number
of parts which may be erected very quickly with no need for special
skills or manual dexterity, and which is sufficiently rigid for
general use in camping areas while utilizing very light materials
for the major part of the structure. More specifically, it is
directed to a portable enclosure in which certain of the functional
parts also serve, when appropriately connected, as a carrying case
for the other parts of the structure as well as some or all of the
accessories used with the structure.
Many types of portable enclosures are presently in use, ranging
from conventional tents to boxlike structures made up of a
plurality of rigid plate members which must be secured together
with many fastening devices which require much skill and dexterity
in assembly. Even a simple tent structure calls for the securing of
many loose parts and is very difficult to set up without the
services of two or more persons. In addition, when these various
structures are dismantled, they are heavy and cumbersome to carry
or to store.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes these difficulties and provides a
construction which requires practically no assembly operations and
which may be erected by a single person with no difficulty.
Moreover, it is readily dismantled and packed within its own
carrying case which is easy to carry and may be stowed in a minimum
storage space.
Generally stated, the structure comprises only three principal
components, a base member, a crown member, and a curtain. One
marginal end of the curtain is peripherally secured to the margin
of the base member and the second marginal end is peripherally
secured to the margin of the crown member. A plurality of elongate
pockets are secured to the curtain, extending substantially from
end to end thereof and located in spaced parallelism around the
major part of the periphery of the curtain. A source of pressurized
air inflates the pockets and automatically erects the curtain to
form a space-enclosing tube extending from the crown to the base,
with the pockets serving as ribs and stiffening the curtain
sufficiently to make it self-supporting and resistant to light
winds or inadvertent external contacts.
While one or both of the base and crown may be simple open frames
to constitute a minimum structure which may be hung free of the
ground on any suitable support, in the preferred construction at
least the base is a closed bottom, shape-retaining member of
circular or rectangular planform suited to rest on the ground and
support the entire structure. One of the principal uses for which
the invention is intended is as a portable shower. For this use the
base takes the form of a pan having an upstanding marginal edge and
a depressed central portion provided with a drain. A shower head
within the enclosure may be supplied with water from any source,
such as a hose. In a more self-contained form, the pan is made
hollow to serve as a water container and may be pressurized by the
same pump which is used to inflate the pockets. The pump may be set
on the floor of the pan to be operated from time to time by the
occupant while he is taking a shower.
The crown member may have a closed top and depending marginal
flange to serve as a roof and complete a total enclosure. It is of
substantially the same size and shape as the pan so that when the
curtain is deflated the crown and base telescope to form a carrying
case in which the curtain is stored, together with the shower head,
pump, and other accessories. A handle is provided on the pan or
roof to facilitate handling.
The base, crown, and curtain are preferably rectangular in planform
and one face of the curtain is divided to provide ingress and
egress, the meeting edges being provided with a zipper to close the
curtain when it is being used as a shower. A similar enclosure may
be provided for use as a lavatory or toilet or dressing room. The
second enclosure has a similar zippered entrance on one face of the
curtain, and a section of the opposite side may be omitted. The two
enclosures are then secured together in facewise relation with the
open section of the second curtain in registry with the zippered
section of the first curtain, the two enclosures combining to make
a complete toilet or bathroom facility, with direct internal access
between the compartments. The zipper closure of the first curtain
prevents shower water from entering the second enclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Various other advantages and features of novelty will become
apparent as the description proceeds in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the basic enclosure erected and
ready for use;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the enclosure dismantled and
self-contained in its own carrying case;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 with parts broken away to show
additional features of construction;
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the base member of FIG.
3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view in perspective showing details of air
and water control;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a modified
construction;
FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a shower and lavatory
combination; and
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an external means for heating
water to be supplied to the enclosure of this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The enclosure is generally illustrated in FIG. 1, where it will be
seen that in its preferred form it includes three primary
components, a base member 10, a crown member 12, and a
space-enclosing curtain 14. While other suitable planforms may be
employed, the present construction has a generally rectangular
planform. The base member has a closed bottom 16 with an upstanding
peripheral margin 18 to form a pan, while the crown has a closed
top 20 with a depending peripheral flange or margin 22 to form a
roof. Curtain 14 has a first lower end margin 26 peripherally
secured to the margin 18 of the base member and a second upper end
margin 28 peripherally secured to the margin 22 of the crown
member, the curtain thus having four generally planar sides or
strips combining to enclose the space between the base member and
the crown member.
The structure is rendered substantially self-erecting and
self-supporting by the provision of a plurality of elongate pockets
on the curtain extending substantially from end to end thereof, the
pockets being inflatable to serve as ribs and stiffen the curtain.
These pockets 24 are arranged in closely spaced relation on three
of the sides 30 of the curtain, and at least a few similar pockets
are arranged at the margins of the fourth side 32 of the curtain as
shown in FIG. 1. It is presently preferred to form the pockets by
utilizing two layers of flexible material in facewise relation and
bond them together along spaced parallel bonding lines 34 as
indicated in FIG. 1. All of the pockets communicate with the end
margins of the curtain so that they may all be inflated through a
single inlet. Even though the structure is relatively rigid it is
very light and is subject to displacement by the wind or by
external contact. The roof and pan are therefore provided with
loops 36 for connection to any suitable tiedown devices.
Ingress and egress are made possible by forming the major part of
the fourth side 32 of the curtain from portions 38 and 40 which are
integral with the remainder of the curtain but separable from each
other along a vertical line provided with a zipper or other
fastening means 42 to maintain them closed during use. A pair of
similar fasteners 44 near the bottom end facilitates the
opening.
The enclosure of the invention is made truly portable by virtue of
the fact that the curtain may be folded and stored in the base
member 10, with crown member 12 being telescoped over the base
member to form the carrying case shown in FIG. 2. For this purpose
member 12 is made with the same planform as member 10, and its
margin 22 is just enough larger than margin 18 to provide a sliding
fit. A handle 46 is formed on member 10 to facilitate carrying the
packed case. For convenience in packing, the curtain is provided at
some or all of its four corners with zippers 48 extending almost
from end to end which open to divide the curtain into several
strips which are much more readily folded.
Any suitable material may be used for the structure but it is
desirable for lightness and ease of manufacture to make the curtain
of plastic sheets and the base member and crown member of molded
plastic. Both the curtain and the crown member may be translucent
to admit natural light to the enclosure.
One of the principal purposes of the enclosure is for use as a
shower in camping areas, and therefore it is preferably provided
with the additional features illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5.
Although the curtain may be fastened to the base member and crown
member by mechanical fasteners such as hooks and loops or eyes, it
is desirable to control the outflow of water when the enclosure is
used as a shower. For this purpose the upper and lower end margins
28 and 26 are bonded throughout at least a major part of their
periphery to the inner surfaces of the margins of members 12 and
10.
As seen in FIG. 3, a bracket 50 is mounted on one of the walls 30
of the curtain to support a shower head 52 provided with a valve
control handle 54. A hose 56 leads from the shower head to a source
of water supply. Soapdish 58 may be an inflated portion of the
curtain wall. A baglike waterproof sheath 60 hangs along another
curtain wall to contain a dressing robe and towel. Drain 62 is
provided in the floor of the base member to conduct wash water to
the exterior. If the water supply is to be external, as from a
hydrant or portable tank, the bottom 16 of member 10 may serve as a
reservoir for waste water or be solid or foam filled.
The self-contained character of the construction is preferably
further carried out by making base member 10 generally in the
manner illustrated in FIG. 4, where is will be seen that member 10
is provided with a floor 64 spaced above bottom 16 by ribs 66 to
form a container for storing sufficient water to supply the shower
head for one or more persons. Air under pressure is supplied to
fitting 68 to pressurize the water and force it out through fitting
70 to which hose 56 may be attached to conduct the water to the
shower head. The ribs 66 are provided with apertures 72 at their
lower edges so that all of the water will flow to the lower end of
fitting 70 as additional air is forced into the container.
If an outside supply of water is available, the lower end of hose
56 may be removed from fitting 70 and applied to fitting 74 which
passes through the curtain and may be connected to an outside
source such as line 76. When the water in the base member container
is to be used, a foot-operated air pump 78 is provided and is
connected by hose 80 to air inlet fitting 68. The same pump is
initially used to inflate the pockets and erect the enclosure by
connecting its hose 80 to the inflation fitting 82. The supply of
water in the container is replenished through fitting 84 having a
cap 86 which may be mounted flush rather than as shown.
To avoid excessive steaming up of the shower during use, the roof
20 is provided with a vent opening 88, and flap 40 is provided near
its lower end with a fresh air intake screen 90. The screen may be
made of Teflon or other hydrophobic material, or may be of any
material with a hydrophobic coating on at least its inner face to
prevent water from splashing or running out through the screen. It
will be noted that vent 88 is vertically in registry with filler
84, and that a portion of end margin 28 of the curtain is not
bonded to roof margin 22 adjacent to the vent. Thus, when the
structure is dismantled, a curtain portion is displaced inwardly
and the filler and its cap will protrude through vent 88 when the
roof and pan are telescoped. With this arrangement, the pan may be
filled whenever it is convenient while the structure is in packed
condition. The pan 10 may have a heat-absorbing external surface so
that the water contained therein may be heated by solar radiation
before the enclosure is set up.
There is always a possibility that the inflatable curtain wall will
be punctured with no facilities momentarily available to repair it.
To deal with this eventuality, sockets 92 are provided in the
corners of margins 18 and 22 of the pan and roof, and telescoping
brace rods 94, with pushbutton latches 96, are provided to be
inserted in the sockets of some or all of the corners to support
the roof until repairs are made.
A simple basic, or "minimum", enclosure is illustrated in FIG. 6.
In this construction, the base member 98 is made as a simple open
frame from rod or tubing 100. The curtain 14 may be secured to the
frame with a series of rings 102 and the frame may stand on the
ground or the entire enclosure may be supported by rings 36 from
any suitable overhead support. The roof 12 is similar to that of
FIGS. 1 and 3, but it may be replaced by an open frame similar to
base member 98.
A pair of enclosures as described above may be readily combined to
make a complete bathroom facility. As indicated schematically in
plan in FIG. 7, a first enclosure 104 having zippered flaps as
shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 may serve as a shower. A second similar
enclosure 106 may be set up with one wall in facewise adjacency to
the zippered wall of enclosure 104, and the two structures secured
together to form a compartmented shelter. Enclosure 106 is provided
with a stool 108 and a basin or vanity 110. The entry 112 is
provided with zippered flaps similar to those of enclosure 104
while its opposite wall has an uncurtained opening 114 in registry
with the flaps of enclosure 104. Thus, the two units are open to
each other but may be segregated when the shower is in use.
In FIG. 8 is shown a water container 120 supported upon a stand
122. A gas nozzle 124, suitably connected to a source of fuel 126,
is disposed within a recess formed in the bottom of the container
120. The water within the container 120 may be suitably heated upon
supplying fuel to the nozzle 124. Air pressure is supplied to the
container 120 via the tube 128 and water is conveyed from the
container by outlet tube 130. The container 120 is constructed with
a fill cap 132 to permit the filling of the container 120 with
water. The fill cap 132 preferably includes a temperature gauge
having a conductor portion 134 for indicating the temperature of
the water within the container 120. It will be appreciated that the
foot-operated air pump 78 (as shown in FIG. 5) may be connected to
the tube 128 and the outlet tube 130 may be connected with the line
76 shown in FIG. 5. It will also be appreciated that the base 10 as
shown in FIG. 4 may be constructed similar to the container 120
shown in FIG. 8 and serve as a reservoir for the water prior to
heating thereof. Understandably, the handle 136 shown in FIG. 8
would be suitably relocated, a suitable recess would be formed for
installing the flame nozzle, and the stand 122 could be dispensed
with entirely.
It will be apparent that the present invention provides a simple,
compact, and readily portable enclosure for personal use and which
may be readily duplicated to provide a complete bathroom facility
which may be set up and dismantled quickly and easily in any
suitable camping location. For example, if desired, the curtain 32
may be formed without the vent 90 and the portions 38 and 40 may be
formed of a reduced length such that the lower margin 26 of curtain
32 does not come in contact with the upper surface of the base 10.
Under these circumstances, the lower margin 26 would preferably be
reinforced or stiffened to prevent same from buckling. It will also
be understood that the bonding lines 34 may be interrupted at
predetermined locations to facilitate bending of the curtain along
predetermined lines. Additionally, it will be appreciated that the
base and crown sections 10 and 12 may be formed from the same mold
and, thus, said sections would not be telescopably mounted one
within the other. Additionally, the fitting 84 and cap 86 could be
installed adjacent the handle 46, the length of the recess formed
in the crown section 12 being suitably increased to accommodate
same if said fitting and fill cap are not mounted flush within the
base section 10. Although FIG. 3 shows the use of cylindrically
shaped telescoping brace rods 94, it will be appreciated that brace
rods rectangular in cross section could be used, such use requiring
only that the sockets 92 be formed also rectangular in cross
section. Finally, it will be understood that the second enclosure
106 as shown in FIG. 7 may be provided with zippered flaps at the
entry 112 and the opening 114 or, if desired, the opening 114 may
be provided with a removable curtain section.
* * * * *