U.S. patent number 3,629,571 [Application Number 04/827,513] was granted by the patent office on 1971-12-21 for connector for chandelier trimmings.
Invention is credited to Arnold A. Schonbek.
United States Patent |
3,629,571 |
Schonbek |
December 21, 1971 |
CONNECTOR FOR CHANDELIER TRIMMINGS
Abstract
A connector for chandelier trimmings where the trimmings are
provided with circular apertures to receive the connector. The
connector is a preformed U-shaped member consisting of a bight
portion and a pair of legs which are passed through the apertures
of an adjacent pair of trimmings. The bight portion has a fixed
predetermined length to assure uniform spacing of the trimmings.
The legs have an oblong, rectangular cross section with a diagonal
only slightly smaller than the diameter of the apertures to resist
turning of the trimmings about the longitudinal axis. Such turning
is further prevented by wide shoulders on the bight portion which
overlap faces of the trimmings at opposite sides of the apertures.
Free end portions of the legs are closed into alignment with each
other when the connection is made.
Inventors: |
Schonbek; Arnold A. (Montreal,
Quebec, CA) |
Family
ID: |
5701339 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/827,513 |
Filed: |
May 26, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jun 14, 1968 [DT] |
|
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P 17 72 647.5 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
362/457; D11/93;
59/78; 63/4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
5/06 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
5/00 (20060101); F21V 5/06 (20060101); F21v
005/06 (); A44c 011/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/10,76-80,153
;63/2,3,4,29,13 ;59/78,80,82 ;2/311-339 ;46/26,29 ;74/249,250
;D2/384 ;D8/261 ;D45/16,16.1 ;D43/3 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Queisser; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Snee, III; C. E.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A chandelier trimming comprising a plurality of individual
trimmings and a plurality of connectors connecting said trimmings
together in series, said trimmings being provided with circular
apertures for reception of said connectors, and each of said
connectors comprising a preformed U-shaped member including a bight
portion of a fixed predetermined length and a pair of legs
extending laterally from said bight portion through said apertures
of an adjacent pair of said trimmings, said legs having a
rectangular cross section with a diagonal dimension which is only
slightly smaller than the diameter of said apertures whereby to
positively resist turning of the trimmings about the longitudinal
axis of the chain, said legs having free end portions outside of
said apertures which are angulated into longitudinal alignment with
each other.
2. The device as defined in claim 1 wherein the rectangular cross
section of said legs is oblong and is elongated transversely of the
legs so that the legs have a greater width than thickness.
3. The device as defined in claim 1 wherein regions of said bight
portion adjacent said legs provide wide supporting shoulders which
overlap faces of said trimmings at opposite sides of said apertures
and assist in preventing turning of the trimmings about the chain
axis.
4. The device as defined in claim 1 wherein said bight portion has
a decoratively shaped profile which contributes to structural
strengthening of the bight portion.
5. The device as defined in claim 1 wherein the rectangular cross
section of said legs provides each leg with four corner points for
engaging the aperture wall at four spaced points.
6. A connector for connecting trimmings to a chandelier frame
wherein the trimming is provided with circular aperture to receive
the connector, said connector comprising a preformed generally
U-shaped member including a bight portion of a fixed predetermined
length and a pair of legs extending laterally from said bight
portion, said bight portion gradually increasing in width from a
first leg and providing a wide supporting shoulder adjacent the
second leg, said first leg having a rectangular cross section, and
being hook-shaped to engage with a chandelier frame, said second
leg having a rectangular cross section with a diagonal dimension
which is adapted to be only slightly smaller than the aperture
diameter of said trimming.
7. The connector as defined in claim 6 wherein the rectangular
cross section of said second leg provides four corner points for
engaging the aperture wall at four spaced points.
8. A chandelier comprising a frame and trimmings suspended
therefrom, said trimmings comprising a plurality of individual
trimmings and a plurality of connectors connecting said trimmings
together in series, said trimmings being provided with circular
apertures for reception of said connectors, and each of said
connectors comprising a preformed U-shaped member including a bight
portion of a fixed predetermined length and a pair of legs
extending laterally from said bight portion through said apertures
of an adjacent pair of said trimmings, said legs having a
rectangular cross section with a diagonal dimension which is only
slightly smaller than the diameter of said apertures whereby to
positively resist turning of the trimmings about the longitudinal
axis of the chain, said legs having free end portions outside of
said apertures which are angulated into longitudinal alignment with
each other.
9. The chandelier as defined in claim 8 wherein the rectangular
cross section of said legs is oblong and is elongated transversely
of the legs so that the legs have a greater width than
thickness.
10. The chandelier as defined in claim 8 wherein regions of said
bight portion adjacent said legs provide wide supporting shoulders
which overlap faces of said trimmings at opposite sides of said
apertures and assist in preventing turning of the trimmings about
the longitudinal axis.
11. The chandelier as defined in claim 8 wherein said bight portion
has a decoratively shaped profile which contributes to structural
strengthening of the bight portion.
12. The chandelier as defined in claim 8 wherein the rectangular
cross section of said legs provides each leg with four corner
points for engaging the aperture wall at four spaced points.
13. The chandelier as defined in claim 8 wherein said frame is
formed of a material selected from the group consisting of metal
and glass.
14. A connector for suspending individual trimmings or for serially
connecting together individual trimmings of a decorative chain
wherein the trimmings are provided with circular apertures to
receive the connector, said connector comprising a preformed
U-shaped member including a bight portion of a fixed predetermined
length and a pair of legs extending laterally from said bight
portion for reception in apertures of trimmings, said legs having a
rectangular cross section with a diagonal dimension which is
adapted to be only slightly smaller than the aperture diameter,
free end portions of said legs being adapted to be angulated into
longitudinal alignment with each other, the regions of said bight
portion adjacent said legs providing wide supporting shoulders
which are adapted to overlap faces of trimmings at opposite sides
of the apertures therein.
Description
This invention relates to new and useful improvements in
chandeliers, and in particular the invention concerns itself with
an improved connector for chandelier trimmings which, being made of
glass or plastic in various shapes, are connected together in
series to form decorative trimmings of a chandelier.
In accordance with conventional practice the trimmings are provided
with circular apertures for the reception of connecting links made
of round wire which is thin and must be bent into shape while the
connection is being made. The connecting operation is performed by
hand in a difficult and tedious manner which at best does not
result in uniform spacing of the trimmings along the length of the
chain, inasmuch as the various connecting links may not be bent at
the same effective length. Moreover, the thin wire of the links can
easily become deformed during handling, installing or washing of
the chain, thus further affecting the spacing of the trimmings and
possibly causing a disconnection thereof. However, the most serious
defect of conventional connecting links is that in order to prevent
breakage of the trimmings during insertion of the links, the link
wire must be considerably smaller in diameter than the apertures in
the trimmings so that it passes through the apertures with a
substantial amount of play. As a result, the individual trimmings
are quite free to turn or twist about the longitudinal axis of the
chain so that their faces are oriented in different directions and
both the overall appearance and the light effect of the chandelier
are adversely affected.
It is, therefore, the principal object of this invention to
eliminate the above outlined disadvantages of conventional
connectors by providing an improved connector which assures uniform
spacing of the trimmings, which may be quickly and easily
installed, which is sufficiently sturdy to safeguard against
deformation or disconnection during handling or washing of the
chain and which, above all, is capable of effectively cooperating
with the apertured trimmings to prevent turning or twisting of the
latter about the axis of the chain. Also, unlike conventional wire
connectors, the connector of the invention is decoratively shaped
in order to aesthetically complement the trimmings, and such
decorative shaping of the connector also serves to contribute to
its structural strength.
Accordingly the present invention provides a chandelier trimming
comprising a plurality of individual trimmings and a plurality of
connectors connecting said trimmings together in series. The
trimmings are provided with circular apertures for reception of the
connectors, and each of the connectors comprising a preformed
U-shaped member including a bight portion of a fixed predetermined
length and a pair of legs extending laterally from the bight
portion through the apertures of an adjacent pair of trimmings. The
legs have a rectangular cross section with a diagonal dimension
which is only slightly smaller than the diameter of the apertures
whereby to positively resist turning of the trimmings about the
longitudinal axis of the trimmings. The legs have free end portions
outside of said apertures which are angulated into longitudinal
alignment with each other.
The present invention also provides a connector for suspending
individual trimmings or serially connecting together individual
trimmings of a decorative trimming wherein the trimmings are
provided with circular apertures to receive the connector. The
connector comprises a preformed U-shaped member including a bight
portion of a fixed predetermined length and a pair of legs
extending laterally from the bight portion for reception in
apertures of trimmings. The legs have a rectangular cross section
with a diagonal dimension which is adapted to be only slightly
smaller than the aperture diameter. The free end portions of the
legs are adapted to be angulated into longitudinal alignment with
each other.
In addition there is provided a chandelier comprising a frame and
trimmings suspended therefrom, said trimmings comprising a
plurality of individual trimmings and a plurality of connectors
connecting said trimmings together in series. The trimmings are
provided with circular apertures for reception of the connectors,
and each of the connectors comprising a preformed U-shaped member
including a bight portion of a fixed predetermined length and a
pair of legs extending laterally from the bight portion through the
apertures of an adjacent pair of trimmings. The legs have a
rectangular cross section with a diagonal dimension which is only
slightly smaller than the diameter of the apertures whereby to
positively resist turning of the trimmings about the longitudinal
axis of the trimmings. The legs have free end portions outside of
said apertures which are angulated into longitudinal alignment with
each other.
The connector of the present invention may also be adapted to serve
as a hook to secure the chandelier trimmings to the chandelier
frame.
With the foregoing more important object and features in view and
such other objects and features which may become apparent as this
specification proceeds, the following is a description by way of
example of certain embodiments of the present invention reference
being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters of
reference are used to designate like parts, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary view, partly in side elevation and partly
in section, showing one type of a conventional connector for two
adjacent chandelier trimmings;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing another type of a
conventional connector;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 and showing still another type
of a conventional connector;
FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the improved connector per
se;
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the connector in FIG. 4 prior
to closing of the free end portions of its legs;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the leg of
the connector in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary front elevational view of a decorative
trimming wherein the trimmings are connected together by the
improved connector of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view, partly in section,
of the subject matter shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged, fragmentary sectional detail showing the
relationship of one of the connector legs to the aperture in a
trimming;
FIG. 10 is a front elevational view of the bight of a connector
having an alternative appearance;
FIG. 11 is a front elevational view of a connector modified to
serve as a hook;
FIG. 12 is a side elevational view of the connector in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a front elevational view of a trimming connected to the
hook illustrated in FIG. 11 showing connection to a chandelier
frame; and
FIG. 14 is a side elevational view, partly in section of the
subject matter shown in FIG. 13.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings in detail, FIGS. 1, 2
and 3 respectively illustrate three different, commonly used
connectors 11, 12 and 13 which are well known in the prior art and
are employed for connecting together in series a plurality of
individual trimmings 14 into a length of decorative trimming, as in
chandeliers. The conventional connectors are made of thin wire of a
circular cross section, and the trimmings 14 are provided with
circular apertures 15 through which the connecting wire is
passed.
The conventional connector 11 in FIG. 1 consists of so-called pins
11a, 11b formed of soft round wire rods which are initially
straight and headed at one end as at 16. After the pin 11b is
passed through the aperture 15 of one of the trimmings 14, its free
end portion is coiled to form an eye 17. Similarly, after the pin
11a is passed through the aperture of the adjacent trimming, it is
bent to pass through the eye 17 and to form a closed hook 18. The
bending of the pins 11a, 11b is done manually with pliers and the
procedure is not only tedious, but involves a substantial amount of
dexterity in order to produce results which, even at best, leave
much to be desired. Thus, for example, the twisted wire form of the
connector pins detracts from the ornamental appearance of the
trimmings. Moreover, since the connector wires are bent by hand,
such bending does not always take place at the same point along the
length of the wire and the overall length of the connector is thus
subject to variation so that in the assembled trimming the spacing
of the trimmings is not uniform as is desirable for an aesthetic
appearance of the chandelier. This defect is particularly
pronounced in a chandelier of a bowl configuration where several
trimmings extend downwardly in a curved fashion to a central
pendant or finial and variations in spacing between the trimmings
produce trimmings of different lengths and consequently result in
an unbalanced drape effect of the whole chandelier. In addition
since the trimming hangs in a curved fashion and the trimmings are
neither sufficiently supported by the heads 16 of the pins 11a and
11b nor firmly held by the hinge action of the eye 17 and the hook
18, the individual trimmings tilt and expose the light source which
is within the bowl and which they are supposed to conceal.
Further, the connector pins 11a, 11b are made of soft, thin wire as
already mentioned, and as such they are subject to deformation and
possible disconnection while the decorative trimming is being
handled or washed, and here again the length of the trimming may
become inadvertently altered even if actual disconnection does not
occur.
However, the most serious defect of the conventional connector such
as the connector 11 is that in order to prevent the trimmings 14
from breaking while the connector pins 11a, 11b are being installed
and bent during the connecting procedure, the wire from which the
pins are made must be of a substantially smaller diameter than the
apertures 15 in the trimmings. Consequently, the connector wires
pass through the apertures with a large amount of clearance or play
and, as a result, the trimmings 14 are quite free to turn or twist
about the longitudinal axis. Thus, the faces of the trimmings are
not oriented in the same direction and both the ornamental
appearance and the optical properties of the trimmings are
adversely affected. This undesirable condition prevails when the
trimmings are hanging vertically and is even more apparent when
they are slanted or when they are draped to form a bowl.
The conventional connectors 12 and 13 of FIGS. 2 and 3 possess the
same disadvantages as the connector 11. The connector 12 is made of
thin round wire which is curved to pass through the apertures 15 of
the trimmings 14 so as to form a nearly closed, elongated loop,
while in the connector 13 the free end portions of the loop forming
wire are twisted together as at 19. In both instances the diameter
of the connector wire must be considerably smaller than the
apertures in the trimmings and thus the trimmings are free to turn
or twist about the longitudinal axis. Also in both instances the
manual bending of the connector wire does not assure accuracy as to
the effective length of the connectors, and thus the spacing of a
series of trimmings is not necessarily uniform so as to result in a
proper aesthetic effect and a predetermined length.
The improved connector of the invention substantially eliminates
all of the aforementioned disadvantages of prior art devices and,
above all, provides more uniform spacing of trimmings, more
positive retention thereof against twisting or turning about the
longitudinal axis and is sufficiently sturdy to reduce the
possibilities of deformation and disconnection during handling and
washing. The improved connector, designated generally by the
numeral 20, is shown by itself in FIGS. 4 and 5, while FIGS. 7 and
8 illustrate the same with trimmings 14 in an assembled chandelier
trimming.
The connector 20 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 comprises a preformed,
machinemade and accurately dimensioned metallic member which has a
U-shaped configuration and includes a central bight portion 21 and
a pair of side portions or legs 22 which project laterally
perpendicularly from the ends of the bight portion. As a
characteristic feature of the invention, the bight portion 21 is of
a fixed, predetermined length and the spacing of the legs 22 is
thus constant, so that when the legs 22 are passed through the
apertures 15 of the trimmings 14, the trimmings will be uniformly
spaced along the length of the trimming and a desired predetermined
length of trimming will be obtained.
Another characteristic feature of the invention resides in that the
legs 22, rather than being round in cross section, have an oblong,
rectangular cross section which is elongated transversely of the
legs and has a diagonal dimension only slightly smaller than the
diameter of the apertures 15 in the trimmings 14, as will be
apparent from the sectional detail of FIG. 9. Thus, each leg fits
into the aperture 15 of the trimming with only a very small
clearance, and the rectangular cross section provides the leg with
a set of four corner points 41, 42, 43, 44 for engagement with the
wall of the aperture 15 at four spaced points (see FIG. 9).
In any event, the oblong, rectangular cross section of the legs 22
fits the apertures 15 with such close tolerance as to permit free
sliding insertion of the legs in the apertures without any danger
of breaking the trimmings 14, but at the same time play is greatly
reduced and the trimmings are prevented from turning or twisting on
the legs 22 about the longitudinal axis.
After the legs 22 are passed through the apertures 15 of the
trimmings 14, their free outer end portions 22a are angulated into
longitudinal alignment with each other as will be apparent from
FIG. 8. It is to be noted that this angulation takes place across
the width of the legs where the thickness of the oblong,
rectangular cross section is smaller than the width to facilitate
such angulation or bending while the free end portions of the legs
are being closed together. However, the greater width than
thickness of the oblong, rectangular cross section effectively
resists any tendency of the legs being deformed in the plane of
their width, and thus the connector is adequately sturdy to
withstand forces encountered in handling or washing, and proper
alignment of the closed leg portions 22a is assured, especially
since the leg cross section is much larger than that of a thin
connector wire used in the already mentioned prior art devices.
FIG. 6 illustrates a preferred cross section of the leg 22 of the
connector shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As will be seen from studying
this figure the top or outer surface of each leg has an outwardly
curved surface 61 and the inner surface 62 of the leg is curved
inwardly to the edges 67 of the leg. This slightly curved
configuration adds not only to the appearance of the connector but
also increases the rigidity and stiffness of the legs of the
connector.
A further characteristic of the invention resides in the particular
arrangement of the bight portion 21 which connects the two legs 22
and is formed to possess ornamental as well as structurally
significant features. As such, the bight portion 21 may be provided
with a central ornament 25 and its end portions may be widened to
form additional ornamental regions 26 which are disposed adjacent
the legs 22. In effect, the widened ornamental regions 26
constitute shoulders which, as shown in FIG. 7, overlap the faces
of the trimmings 14 at opposite sides of the apertures 15 through
which the legs 22 extend, and thus the shoulders 26, apart from
their ornamental aspect, also serve structurally to assist in
prevention of twisting or turning of the trimmings 14 about the
longitudinal axis. Moreover, the provision of the central ornament
25 and shoulder regions 26 contributes to the material strength of
the bight portion 21 and this, coacting with the oblong,
rectangular cross section of the legs 22, results in a sturdy
connector which positively maintains the trimmings 14 at a common
attitude and proper orientation, without any axial twisting or
turning of the trimmings. The comparatively heavy cross section of
the bight substantially eliminates the possibility of the connector
bending lengthwise, a problem which has plagued the connectors of
the prior art, in particular the connector shown in FIG. 2. In
addition, of course, the ornamental regions 25, 26 on the bight
portion 21 of the connector of the present invention effectively
serve to complement the decorative effect of the whole assembly,
such as has not been obtained with the simple round wire connecting
devices of the prior art.
The ornamental appearance of the bight can of course be altered
without changing the utiliterian characteristics of the connector.
One alternative design for the bight portion of the connector is
illustrated in FIG. 10. In this design the bight has two shoulder
regions 26 and a central wider region 45 giving the bight a
somewhat elliptical shape. Such a design although perhaps not as
attractive as the connector shown in FIG. 4 could possibly be
stronger and provide greater resistance to lengthwise
deformation.
A particular problem arises at the end of a trimming where it joins
the metal frame of the chandelier. The frame of the chandelier
normally has a series of holes or rings which are adapted to
receive the hooks at the end of the trimming. This frame can be
formed from a variety of materials including metal, glass and
plastics. When the trimmings, known in the industry as drops, pear
shapes or pendeloques, are suspended vertically, one hook is used
at the upper end for suspension. When the chain is suspended in a
curve, two hooks, one at each end, are required.
The connector of the present invention can be modified to serve as
a hook. For ease of installation and, since only one end of the
hook engages with a trimming, this end only need have a shoulder
region. As will be seen from a study of FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 14,
the gradually widening ornamental bight 31 extends from a hook 32
to a shoulder 34 adjacent to the leg 33. The hook 32 can be
preformed in the shape of hook suitable for engagement with a
chandelier frame and the leg 33 may be similar to the leg 22 of the
normal connector. To assemble the unit, the leg 33 is passed
through the aperture 35 in the trimmings 36 and the shoulder 34
adjacent to the leg 33 serves to reduce twisting or turning of the
trimmings. After insertion the leg 33 is manually bent to secure
the pieces in place. The completed assembly can then be connected
to the chandelier frame 40 by means of hook 32 inserted in hole
41.
The ability of the connector to prevent axial turning or twisting
of the trimmings is important when the trimming hangs vertically,
in which event it is essential that the faces of the trimmings are
disposed in a common vertical plane. It is also important when the
trimming is draped to form a bowl-type chandelier, in which event
the faces of the trimmings should be tangential to the curvature of
the trimming, or in other words, normal to a line radiating from
the center of the bowl. However, it is particularly important in
instances where the trimming is suspended from two points in a
catenary curve and it is desired to orient the faces of the
trimmings laterally to one side of the vertical plane of the curve.
In such event the connectors will effectively prevent the trimmings
from turning downwardly under gravity and will support them in a
common vertical plane with their faces oriented to one side of that
plane in much the same manner as if the trimming was hanging
vertically.
* * * * *