U.S. patent number 3,628,487 [Application Number 05/003,756] was granted by the patent office on 1971-12-21 for hydraulically operated trim attachment for powerboats.
Invention is credited to Charles H. Bennett.
United States Patent |
3,628,487 |
Bennett |
December 21, 1971 |
HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED TRIM ATTACHMENT FOR POWERBOATS
Abstract
A powerboat including a pair of trim members hinged to the stern
of the boat and a hydraulic cylinder individual to each trim
member. Each hydraulic cylinder is constructed and arranged so that
no external hydraulic lines are needed between the boat and the
cylinder. The hydraulic pump has unique features to control volume
and pressure.
Inventors: |
Bennett; Charles H. (St. Clair
Shores, MI) |
Family
ID: |
21707431 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/003,756 |
Filed: |
January 19, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
114/287 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B63B
39/061 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B63B
39/06 (20060101); B63B 39/00 (20060101); B63b
001/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;114/66.5P,150 ;244/85
;92/92,119 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Farrell; Andrew H.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a powerboat, the combination comprising
a pair or trim members hinged to the stern of the boat, one on each
side of the centerline of the boat,
means for hinging each said trim member along its forward edge to
the boat,
and a hydraulic cylinder individual to each said trim member,
said cylinder comprising a body having a head at one end and a head
at the other end,
a piston within said body,
a shaft connected to said piston extending through said second
head,
means for connecting said shaft to said trim member,
a bracket having a surface complementary to the transom of the
boat,
means for mounting said bracket on said transom,
means interconnecting said bracket and said first-mentioned head of
said cylinder in a manner to permit limited relative movement
therebetween,
said first head having a fluid opening therein,
said bracket having a fluid opening therein,
said interconnecting means having a fluid opening providing
communication between said openings,
said interconnecting means between said bracket and said first head
comprising an integral flange,
said flange having said fluid opening therein providing
communication between the openings in said bracket and said first
head.
2. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein said bracket head
and flange are made of integral plastic.
3. The combination set forth in claim 1 including a flexible wall
within aid body of said cylinder in the end thereof opposite the
end of said piston which has said shaft extending therethrough.
4. The combination set forth in claim 3 wherein said flexible wall
is generally cylindrical in shape.
5. The combination set forth in claim 3 wherein said first head is
removable,
said flexible wall having a portion thereof adapted to be claimed
by said head against said body.
6. The combination set forth in claim 1 including controls for said
cylinder comprising a pump, a reservoir, and
an inlet extending from said reservoir to said pump,
an outlet extending from said pump,
first orifice means between said inlet and said reservoir,
second orifice means between said outlet and said reservoir.
7. The combination set forth in claim 6 including a pressure
release valve associated with said first-mentioned orifice
means.
8. For use in a powerboat, the combination comprising
a trim member adapted to be hinged to the stern of the boat,
means for hinging said trim member along its forward edge to the
boat,
and a hydraulic cylinder,
said cylinder comprising a body having a head at one end and a head
at the other end,
a piston within said body,
a shaft connected to said piston extending through said second
head,
means for connecting said shaft to said trim member,
a bracket having a surface generally complementary to the transom
of a boat,
means for mounting said bracket on said transom,
means interconnecting said bracket and said first-mentioned head of
said cylinder in a manner to permit limited relative movement
therebetween,
said first head having a fluid opening therein,
said bracket having a fluid opening therein,
said interconnecting means comprising a fluid opening providing
communication between said openings,
said interconnecting means between said bracket and said first head
comprising an integral flange,
said flange having an opening therein communicating with the
openings in said bracket and said first head.
9. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein said bracket, head
and flange are made of integral plastic.
10. The combination set forth in claim 1 including a flexible wall
within said body of said cylinder in the end thereof opposite the
end of said piston which has said shaft extending therethrough.
11. The combination set forth in claim 10 wherein said flexible
wall is generally cylindrical in shape.
12. The combination set forth in claim 10 wherein said first head
is removable,
said flexible wall having a portion thereof adapted to be clamped
by said head against said body.
13. The combination set forth in claim 1 including controls for
said cylinder comprising a pump, a reservoir, and
an inlet extending from said reservoir to said pump,
an outlet extending from said pump,
first orifice means between said inlet and said reservoir,
second orifice means between said outlet and said reservoir.
14. The combination set forth in claim 13 including a pressure
release valve associated with said first-mentioned orifice
means.
15. The combination comprising
a hydraulic cylinder,
said cylinder comprising a body having a first head at one end and
a second head at the other end,
a piston within said body,
a shaft connected to said piston extending through said second
head,
means for connecting said shaft to a work member,
a bracket having a surface generally complementary to the transom
of a boat,
means for mounting said bracket on a support,
means interconnecting said bracket and said first-mentioned heat of
said cylinder in a manner to permit limited relative movement
therebetween,
said first head having a fluid opening therein,
said bracket having a fluid opening therein,
said interconnecting means comprising a fluid opening providing
communication between said openings,
said interconnecting means between said bracket and said first head
comprising an integral flange,
said flange having an opening therein communicating with the
openings in said bracket and said first head.
16. The combination set forth in claim 15 wherein said bracket,
head and flange are made of integral plastic.
17. The combination set forth in claim 15 including a flexible wall
within said body of said cylinder in the end thereof opposite the
end of said piston which has said shaft extending therethrough.
18. The combination set forth in claim 17 wherein said flexible
wall is generally cylindrical in shape.
19. The combination set forth in claim 17 wherein said first head
is removable,
said flexible wall having a portion thereof adapted to be clamped
by said head against said body.
20. The combination set forth in claim 15 including controls for
said cylinder comprising a pump, a reservoir, and
an inlet extending from said reservoir to said pump,
an outlet extending from said pump,
first orifice means between said inlet and said reservoir,
second orifice means between said outlet and said reservoir.
21. The combination set forth in claim 20 including a pressure
release valve associated with said first-mentioned orifice
means.
22. The combination comprising
a hydraulic cylinder,
said cylinder comprising a body having a first head at one end and
a second head at the other end,
a piston within said body,
a shaft connected to said piston extending through said second
head,
means for connecting said shaft to a work member,
a bracket,
means for mounting said bracket on a support,
means interconnecting said bracket and said first-mentioned head of
said cylinder,
said first head having a fluid opening therein,
said bracket having a fluid opening therein,
said interconnecting means comprising an integral flange having a
fluid opening providing communication between said openings,
a flexible wall within said body of said cylinder in the end
thereof opposite the end of said piston which has said shaft
extending therethrough.
Description
This invention relates to boats and particularly to powerboats.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In my prior U.S. Pat. No. 3,062,167, issued Nov. 6, 1962, and No.
3,399,643, issued Sept. 3, 1968, there are disclosed and claimed
trim attachments for powerboats which comprise trim members that
are hinged to the stern of the boat and are actuated to vary the
angles thereof and thereby provide control of the attitude of the
boat. Such arrangements permit longitudinal and lateral trimming of
the boat under varying load in order to obtain optimum attitude for
movement of the boat through the water and result in greater speed
with less fuel consumption, improve visibility, and permit
adjustment to be made under varying load conditions and to be
removed in rough water.
Among the objects of the invention are to provide a hydraulically
operated trim attachment for trim members of the type shown in the
aforementioned patents which includes a novel hydraulic operating
mechanism that does not utilize external supply lines; which
utilizes a novel hydraulic cylinder structure; and which can be
operated in both fresh and salt water without damage to the trim
attachment.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A powerboat including a pair of trim members hinged to the stern of
the boat and a hydraulic cylinder individual to each trim member.
The hydraulic cylinder is constructed and arranged so that no
external hydraulic lines are needed between the boat and the
cylinder. The hydraulic pump has unique features to control volume
and pressure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a boat embodying the
invention.
FIG. 2 is a part sectional side elevational view of a portion of
the boat shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a portion of the cylinder
shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control system.
FIG. 5 is a part sectional elevational view of a portion of the
system shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 6--6 in
FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 7--7 in
FIG. 5.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a modified construction taken along
the line 8--8 in FIG. 7.
DESCRIPTION
Referring to FIG. 1, boat 10 has a pair of trim members 11 hinged
to the transom 12 in the manner disclosed and claimed in the
aforementioned U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,062,167, and 3,399,643. Each of the
trim members comprises a generally flat portion 13 having an end 14
which is hooked into the hooked end 15 of a bracket 16 to provide a
hinge. Each member further includes an upstanding flange 17. The
underside of the trim member 11 when in horizontal position is
substantially in the plane of the bottom 18 of the boat.
The angle of the trim member with respect to the boat can be varied
by use of a hydraulic cylinder 20 comprising a cylindrical body 21
having a lower head 22 integral therewith and an upper head 23 that
is threaded thereon. A piston 24 with an O-ring seal 25 is
reciprocable within the cylinder and is yieldingly urged upwardly
by a spring 26 interposed between the piston 24 and the lower head
22. Piston shaft 27 on piston 24 is pivoted to a bracket 29 on trim
member 11. A hollow tubular bag element 30 is provided above the
piston 24 and has a peripheral integral O-ring 31 (FIG. 3). The
head 23 when threaded onto the body 21 engages the O-ring to
provide a seal. The bag element 30 prevents the entry of water and
the like which might leak past the piston 24 into the hydraulic
system for operating the cylinder. The head 23 further includes an
integral projection 32 that limits the upward movement of the
piston 24. In practice, the bag element 30 is interposed in the
cylinder with a layer of grease or oil between the outer surfaces
thereof and the cylinder so that air will not be entrapped between
the outer surface thereof and the cylinder.
Head 23 includes a generally rectangular interconnecting element or
flange 33 having a fluid opening 34 therein and an integral bracket
35 which has a surface 36 for engaging the transom 12. A fluid line
37 extends through an opening 38 in the transom and is threaded
into the bracket 35 in an opening 39 which communicates with
passage 34.
Fluid can be selectively applied through line 37 to force the
piston 24 downwardly or permitted to escape through line 37 to
permit the spring 26 to force the piston upwardly. The spring
functions to hold the tabs horizontal at dockside.
In accordance with the invention, the integral interconnecting
element 33 is preferably made of plastic as is the entire head 23
and bracket 35 so that there is limited permissible movement
between the head 23 and bracket 35 permitting accommodation for
varying angles of the transom 12 as well as changes necessitated by
the sweep of the connecting axis at bracket 29 as the angle of the
trim tab is varied. A satisfactory plastic material comprises Nylon
610 made by E. I. duPont Company and incorporating glass fibers.
The cylindrical body 21, piston 24; piston shaft 27, bracket 29 and
pin are preferably made of the same material.
Referring to FIG. 4, the apparatus for controlling the flow of
fluid to the cylinders 20 comprises a pump 40 which receives fluid
from a reservoir 41 and when energized in one direction supplies
the fluid through a line 42 to solenoid-operated valves 43, 44
controlling communication between the line 42 and line 37 to each
of the cylinders. When the pump 40 is operated in one direction,
fluid is supplied to the cylinder, and when it is operated in the
opposite direction, fluid is withdrawn from the cylinders as the
piston 24 forces the fluid out of the cylinder.
As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the pump is of the well-known
gyrotor type and comprises a driven member 45 and a floating member
46. In accordance with the invention, the control of fluid from the
reservoir 41 to the inlet 47 is through an orifice 48. The outlet
of the pump has a portion thereof vented through an orifice 49 back
to the reservoir thereby controlling pressure of fluid out of the
pump.
The restricting orifice 48 on the supply side controls the volume
or flow and the orifice 49 prevents an excessive pressure. For
example, a 0.025 inch orifice on the pressure side reduces maximum
pressure from 850 to 500 pounds. The control of volume through
supply side orifice 48 enables the provision of gentle action of
the tabs.
FIG. 8 shows a different type of a restrictor relief valve 60 and
its design eliminates the need for energizing the pump to withdraw
fluid from the actuators.
In FIG. 8 there is a floating piston 62 with an orifice 62a through
it. An opening 61 extends from the pressure passage to the
reservoir. A spring 63 has an adjusting screw or stop 64. Piston 62
has a portion 62b of reduced diameter in the area which covers the
passage 61.
When pump is energized behind the piston 62 with the constricting
orifice 62a moves with the flow and it covers the passage 61 making
all of the fluid go to the actuators. When the actuators are at
their limit of stroke the fluid is slowed and the spring 63 moves
the floating piston back to at least partially open the passage 61
leading to the reservoir providing a limit on the pressure. Thus
pressure is adjustable by the setscrew 64 against the spring
63.
For retracting the actuators it is only necessary to open the
solenoid valve in the line and the fluid will pass back into the
reservoir as the spring 63 will have pushed the floating piston
back opening the passage 62.
It will be appreciated that by operating the pump in one direction
or the other, a varying inclination to the trim members can be
achieved in order to produce the desired trim of the boat as more
fully set forth in the aforementioned U.S. patents.
* * * * *