U.S. patent number 3,627,959 [Application Number 05/021,111] was granted by the patent office on 1971-12-14 for magnetic latching and switching.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sage Laboratories, Inc.. Invention is credited to Harry F. Chapell.
United States Patent |
3,627,959 |
Chapell |
December 14, 1971 |
MAGNETIC LATCHING AND SWITCHING
Abstract
A door latch and magnetically actuable switch includes an
H-shaped permanent magnet and pole assembly for both latching and
switching having a first pair of pole ends that are shunted by a
striker plate of low-reluctance ferromagnetic material located in
the door when the door is closed. Opening the door removes the
shunt to actuate a magnetic switch located near a second pair of
pole ends of the permanent magnet.
Inventors: |
Chapell; Harry F. (Maynard,
MA) |
Assignee: |
Sage Laboratories, Inc.
(Natick, MA)
|
Family
ID: |
21802400 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/021,111 |
Filed: |
March 19, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/61.62;
335/205; 335/230; 219/724 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05C
19/16 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E05C
19/16 (20060101); E05C 19/00 (20060101); H01h
003/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/61.62,205,206,207
;335/205,206,207 ;219/10.55 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schaefer; Robert K.
Assistant Examiner: Ginsburg; M.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus comprising;
first and second members,
said first member being movable toward and away from said second
member,
magnetically actuable switching means and a magnetic assembly both
carried by one of said first and second members,
a magnetic flux shunting means carried by the other of said members
and having an exposed surface,
said magnetic assembly including a permanent magnet and a pair of
low-reluctance pole pieces secured to opposite ends of said
permanent magnet and extending toward both said magnetically
actuable switching means and said magnetic flux shunting means when
said first and second members are in close proximity,
said pole pieces having exposed faces positioned to contact the
exposed surface of said shunting means when said members are moved
together,
thereby completing a magnetic circuit through said permanent magnet
that results in a force sufficient to hold said members together,
and to actuate said switching means,
whereby the flux coupling to said switching means is reduced when
said members are together to thereby cause said actuation.
2. Magnetic, switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 1 wherein said first member includes a door for carrying said
magnetic flux shunting means and said second member includes a
container defining an opening to be covered by said door when
closed, said magnetically actuable switching means and said
magnetic assembly being carried by said container.
3. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 1 wherein said switching means is positioned in fixed close
relationship to said magnetic assembly.
4. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 3 wherein said switching means is positioned adjacent the end
of said pole pieces opposite to the ends having the exposed
faces.
5. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 2 wherein said magnetic flux shunting means comprises a
striker plate of low-reluctance material seated in a recess in said
door.
6. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 2 wherein said switching means comprises a magnetic reed
switch.
7. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 2 wherein said door and container comprise a microwave
oven.
8. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 2 wherein said switching means comprises a cantilevered arm
having ferromagnetic material near the free end thereof for being
attracted toward said magnetic assembly when said door is open,
and a mechanically actuated switch operated when said door is
closed and said arm is released by said magnetic assembly.
9. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 1 wherein said magnetic assembly includes an H-shaped member
with said pole pieces forming the legs of the member and the
permanent magnet forming the crossing part of the member.
10. Magnetic switching and latching apparatus in accordance with
claim 9 wherein said pole pieces extending relatively horizontally
and parallel to each other.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates in general to magnetically latching
and switching and more particularly concerns a novel system
especially useful for a microwave oven in which a magnet both
latches a door and actuates a switch.
In typical prior art microwave ovens a mechanically actuated switch
deenergizes the microwave source when the door is opened to prevent
the escape of potentially harmful radiation. Apart from cost
considerations separate latch and switch mechanisms improperly
adjusted may allow the microwave source to be energized while the
radiation seal around the door has been broken.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved door latch
and switch arrangement.
It is a further object of the invention to magnetically latch and
switch substantially simultaneously.
Still another object of the invention is to satisfy the above
object reliably, inexpensively and relatively free from
complexity.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, the latch and switch arrangement
includes a magnet preferably used for both latching and switching.
In one embodiment of the invention a permanent magnet with two pole
ends contacts the door to latch it closed. The door includes a
shunting member of low-reluctance ferromagnetic material that
bypasses flux from a magnetic flux responsive switch adjacent to
the magnet when the door is closed to deactuate the switch. Opening
the door removes the bypassing effect to actuate the switch as it
receives additional flux from the magnet.
Numerous other features, objects and advantages of the invention
will now become apparent from the following specification when read
in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the microwave oven showing the door
latch and switch according to the invention;
FIGS. 2A and 2B are top views of the magnetic latch and switch with
the door open and closed, respectively; and
FIG. 3 is a side view of an alternate embodiment for the magnetic
switch.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1 there is shown a perspective view of a
microwave oven 12 having a magnetic latch and switch actuator
according to the invention. Door 10 includes a recessed magnetic
striker plate 14. A doorjamb 22 has a surface 23 facing striker
plate 14 when the door is closed. Magnet assembly 11, which is
shown in more detail in FIGS. 2A and 2B, respectively, includes
low-reluctance pole ends 16 and 18 with respective pole faces 13
and 15 protruding slightly from surface 23 as shown in FIG. 1.
Doorjamb 22 is fabricated of a nonmagnetic, high-reluctance,
material to prevent flux loss through the oven itself. Switch 20
includes leads 26 and 27 which may connect to external circuitry
(not shown).
When door 10 is open as shown, switch 20 receives flux coupled from
magnet assembly 11. When the door is closed, striker plate 14
shunts pole faces 13 and 15 of magnet assembly 11 to deactivate
switch 20 by reducing the flux it receives.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show top views of one embodiment of a latch and
reed switch arrangement with the door in open and closed positions,
respectively. Referring in particular to FIG. 2A, there is shown an
H-shaped magnet assembly 11 including low-reluctance pole ends 16
and 18, magnet 17 and pole faces 13, 15, 19 and 21. Striker plate
14 is then away from pole faces 13 and 15. Switch 20, which is
located near pole faces 19 and 21 of magnet assembly 11, is shown
in FIG. 2A in a closed position when the door is open. The magnetic
flux between pole faces 19 and 21 flowing through switch contacts
30 and 32 and support elements 34 and 36 is large enough to keep
contacts 30 and 32 closed when plate 14 is not shunting pole faces
13 and 15. Contact arms 30 and 32 typically comprise ferromagnetic
material. Wires 35 and 37 connect contact arms 30 and 32 to
respective external leads 26 and 27.
In FIG. 2B striker plate 14 is shown shunting pole faces 13 and 15
when the door is closed to open switch 20 because the flux through
contact arms 30 and 32 is then reduced to a level insufficient to
keep them closed.
It has been found that the shape of the pole pieces 16 and 18 shown
in FIGS. 2A and 2B provides the following functions: (1) a magnetic
field in the vicinity of the switch that provides for efficient
switch closure when the door is only slightly opened. (2) isolation
between the magnet and switch so that stray magnetic leakage will
not hold the switch closed after the door is shut; and (3) a
convenient surface for the striker plate to short the magnetic
field. The invention thus assumes substantially simultaneous switch
actuation and door-opening reliability with relatively few
components.
In FIG. 3 there is shown an other embodiment of switch 20. This
variation includes an arm 45 supported at one end by support member
43, and having a ferromagnetic contact 46 affixed to the other end.
Arm 45 also includes an actuator shoulder 42 for pressing button 41
of switch 40 when the door is open as shown in FIG. 3. As with the
embodiment of FIG. 2, when the door is open, ferromagnetic contact
46 moves toward magnet assembly 11, thereby pulling arm 45 to the
left and pressing button 41. When the door is closed and striker
plate 14 shunts magnet assembly 11, contact 46 moves away from
magnet assembly 11, thereby releasing button 41.
Other variations may be practiced. For example, the magnet 17 may
be an electromagnet. Switches with different poles and throws may
be used. Also, a U-shaped magnet assembly could be used. Among the
uses of the invention, it may be used as a proximity switch in
other types of devices where accurate spacial control is
desired.
It is evident that those skilled in the art may now make numerous
uses and modifications of the specific embodiments described herein
without departing from the inventive concepts. Consequently, the
invention is to be construed as embracing each and every novel
feature and novel combination of features present in or possessed
by the apparatus and techniques herein disclosed and limited solely
by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *