U.S. patent number 3,624,656 [Application Number 05/051,098] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-30 for radar antenna support and drive assembly.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Invention is credited to Michael Kaschak.
United States Patent |
3,624,656 |
Kaschak |
November 30, 1971 |
RADAR ANTENNA SUPPORT AND DRIVE ASSEMBLY
Abstract
Disclosed is an assembly including a horizontally extending
radar antenna and feed horn mounting frame secured to side edges of
a rotary upper pedestal part supported and driven by a combined
bull gear and ball bearing mounted on a fixed pedestal part and
removable via the top of the assembly without disturbing such
mounting frame or the antenna and feed horn mounted thereon. Two
drive assemblies each including bearings, shafts, and pinion gears
engaging the bull gear at diametrically opposite locations and
normally driven simultaneously by separate motor means via
respective clutch means, are so mounted on the fixed pedestal part
as to permit removal and replacement of either one while rotation
of the assembly is maintained by the other. Normally retracted stud
bolts are effectuable for providing rotary locking temporary
support of the upper pedestal part by the lower pedestal part
during a removal and replacement of the combined bull gear and ball
bearing.
Inventors: |
Kaschak; Michael (Glen Burnie,
MD) |
Assignee: |
Westinghouse Electric
Corporation (Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
21969332 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/051,098 |
Filed: |
June 30, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
343/762;
343/766 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01Q
25/04 (20130101); H01Q 3/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01Q
25/00 (20060101); H01Q 25/04 (20060101); H01Q
3/04 (20060101); H01Q 3/02 (20060101); H01q
003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;343/762,763,766 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lieberman; Eli
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. A radar antenna support and drive assembly comprising,
a fixed pedestal part adapted to be mounted atop an antenna
tower,
a main-support rotary bearing removably mounted on the top of said
fixed pedestal part,
a bull gear mounted on said main-support rotary bearing,
a rotary pedestal part having a removable top cover member
removably secured to said bull gear,
a reflector and feed horn mounting frame secured to said rotary
pedestal part and without obstruction to removal of said top cover
member,
a pair of pinion drive assemblies removably secured to said fixed
pedestal part, including pinions engaging diametrically opposite
points on said bull gear, bearings, and drive shafts for such
pinions,
motor means for such drive shafts removably mounted on said fixed
pedestal part, and
normally ineffectual means for supporting and locking said rotary
pedestal part against rotation and tilt during removal of said top
cover member.
2. A radar antenna support and drive assembly comprising,
a circular fixed pedestal part having horizontally extending
assembly mounting brackets for securement to tower top members, two
oppositely arranged depending motor-drive mounting brackets
extending downwardly from the plane of such assembly mounting
brackets, an annular lubricating oil reservoir encircling a
horizontal annular bearing seat coaxial with the center of such
circular pedestal part through which a vertical axis of rotation
for the aforesaid assembly passes, and a pair of vertically
extending drive assembly accommodating bores opening upwardly into
the bottom of such oil reservoir at circumferential locations
embraced by such downwardly extending motor-drive mounting brackets
and radially outward with respect thereto,
a main-support ball bearing assembly having an inner annular race
seated on said annular bearing seat and removably secured in place
by capscrews extending downwardly from the top of such race,
an annular bull gear rotatably supported by ball bearings of said
main support ball bearing assembly and encircling said inner
annular race within said oil reservoir,
a circular rotary pedestal part having a horizontally extending
central top cover member mounted on said bull gear and secured
thereto by top-removable capscrews and a downwardly extending skirt
portion encircling the annular oil reservoir region of said fixed
pedestal part and having an outwardly extending flange at the
bottom thereof disposed above the plane of the assembly mounting
brackets of said fixed pedestal part,
said central top cover member being secured to said skirt portion
by top-removable screws and being of larger outer diameter than
that of said bull gear to permit removal of such bull gear and of
said main support ball bearing assembly upon removal of such cover
member,
a horizontally extending antenna reflector and feed horn mounting
frame secured to said skirt portion of said rotary pedestal part
for support thereon and rotation therewith about said axis of
rotation,
a pair of removable pinion drive assemblies including pinions
disposed in said oil reservoir in driving engagement with said bull
gear at diametrically opposite locations, rotary pinion drive
shafts secured to said pinions, antifriction bearing for such
shafts, and sleeves in which such bearings are mounted,
said sleeves being removably mounted in the aforesaid drive
assembly accommodating bores of said fixed pedestal part and
secured in place by bottom removable means,
a pair of drive motor means removably mounted on said motor-drive
mounting brackets, respectively,
disengageable coupling means rotarily connecting said pinion drive
shafts to the outputs of said drive motor means, respectively,
and
normally retracted stud bolt means on said assembly mounting
brackets screwable upwardly into supporting engagement with the
underside of the flange on the skirt portion of said rotary
pedestal part and into projection through openings in such flange
for locking such part against rotation and tilt during removal of
its top cover member.
3. The assembly of claim 2, including wave guide means extending
centrally upward between said motor-drive mounting brackets and
said top cover member and laterally therefrom for connection to the
feed horn on said mounting frame,
said wave guide means including a removable section permissive of
removal of said top cover member without disturbing such feed horn.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Radar antenna drive and support assemblies.
2. Description of the Prior Art
To date, insofar as applicant is aware, prior art antenna drive and
support assemblies such as employed for airport surveillance use
mounted atop support towers, are difficult to repair. In order to
replace worn driving rotary support and other moving parts of these
assemblies, considerable disassembly often is required in order to
gain access to the wornout parts, with consequent downtime periods
of nonuse of the radar equipment involving days and occasionally
even weeks. Since such downtime is extremely undesirable in view of
the reliance placed on radar surveillance for controlling traffic
flow at busy airports, serious consideration has been given to
installation of standby antenna drive and support assemblies at
certain high traffic density airports to insure against any radar
surveillance shutdown due to malfunction of the existing assemblies
at these airports. While such redundancy offers a solution to the
problem, it is objectionable at least from a cost standpoint.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accord with salient features of the present invention, all
driving, rotary support, and other moving components of the
assembly are replaceable without dismantling the antenna reflector
and feed horn and while the assembly is in place atop a support
tower.
A large diameter annular bull gear supported by an antifriction
bearing assembly mounted in a fixed pedestal part serves to turn
the mounting members on which the antenna reflector and feed horn
are disposed. Such mounting members and antenna components thereon
are so disposed as to not interfere with access to the bull gear
and bearing for replacement via a removable central top member. A
cylindrical shoulder in the fixed pedestal part aids in rapid
alignment of the bull gear bearing assembly during any replacement
installation.
The bull gear is normally driven by two diametrically opposite spur
gear pinions, either of which alone is capable of effecting bull
gear drive in event of failure or momentary replacement shutdown of
the other. During normal operation when both pinions are driving,
the torque load reactions imposed by such pinions on the bull gear
are equal and opposite and cancel out any resultant imposition of
torque load reaction on the bull gear. At the same time, wear on
either pinion and on the bull gear teeth is reduced by virtue of
the sharing of work load by the two pinions.
The two drive pinions form parts of replaceable drive assemblies
removably mounted on a fixed lower pedestal part and each of which
includes the respective pinion, its drive shaft, antifriction
bearings, and a sleeve in which such bearings are mounted. Either
such drive assembly may be removed and replaced while the other
continues in driving operation of the bull gear and its antenna
load. A drainable and refillable reservoir formed in the fixed
lower pedestal part retains lubricating oil for surround of the
bull gear and its bearing as well as the two drive pinions and
their bearings.
Two alike separately operable drive motor means, normally operated
simultaneously, are removably mounted at accessible locations on
depending motor mount bracket portions of the fixed lower pedestal
part and are operatively connected, respectively, to the shafts of
the aforesaid replaceable drive assemblies by way of respective
clutch means and self-aligning couplings. Opportunity is thus
afforded for separate replacement of either drive motor means
and/or either drive assembly while the bull gear drive is continued
by the other drive assembly and its motor means.
Provision is made for draining and reintroducing the lubricating
oil into the aforementioned reservoir during replacement of either
drive assembly.
In addition, the depending motor mount brackets of the fixed lower
pedestal part extend downwardly below radially extending shoulders
on such part which serve to mount the assembly atop a support
tower, and a central space between these motor mount brackets
accommodates a data takeoff assembly and a rotary joint and slip
ring assembly for transmission of energy to the antenna feed horn
and auxiliary devices.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above-mentioned features of the invention are more fully set
forth in conjunction with the following description of the
preferred embodiment of the invention presented in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIGS. 1 and 2 are side elevation and top views, respectively,
showing in general outline the radar antenna support and drive
apparatus of the present invention as mounted on the upper end of a
support tower;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view taken along the line
III--III in FIG. 2, showing details of the invention; and
FIG. 4 is an exploded cross-sectional elevation view showing
certain main rotary support and drive components of the FIG. 3
assembly, as removable and insertable from the top of such
assembly.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 in the drawings, the radar antenna
support and drive assembly comprises a horizontally extending frame
1 which carries the usual feed horn 2 at one end and radar
reflector 3 at the opposite end. In accord with the usual practice
constant rotation of the frame 1 about a vertical axis 4 at its
center causes the radar beam defined by reflector 3 to repeatedly
scan 360.degree. in azimuth for such purpose as aircraft
surveillance.
In accord with the invention, the antenna feed horn and reflector
mounting frame 1 is so constructed and so secured to a rotary upper
pedestal part 5 in a manner which does not obstruct access to the
top of such part, at least in the vicinity of a central circular
cover member 6 removably secured to such part 5 by machine screws
7. A suitable construction for the frame 1 may be as illustrated in
FIG. 2 which includes side members 8 spaced-apart sufficiently to
enable their disposition at opposite sides of rotary pedestal part
5 in suitable attachment thereto, preferably by means which enables
the attitude of such frame to be adjusted relative to axis 4 for
determining the elevation angle of the radar beam.
Removable waveguide components 10 extending from the center of
cover member 6 to the feed horn 2 provides for transmission of
radar energy to and from such feed horn while presenting an
insignificant degree of obstruction to accessibility of cover
member 6.
Disposed immediately beneath the circular cover member 6 is a
combined bull gear and a ball bearing assemblage 11, FIG. 3, which
is mounted on a horizontal annular shoulder 12 formed in a lower
fixed pedestal part 13 and which is located coaxially with rotary
axis 4 by a cylindrical shoulder 14 also formed in pedestal part
13.
The assemblage 11 comprises an annular bull gear 16 having teeth in
its outer periphery and constituting the outer race of an
antifriction thrust-transmitting bearing including an annular inner
race 17 and the ball bearings 18 in circumferential array between
the two races. The inner race 17 fits around cylindrical shoulder
14, seats on annular shoulder 12 and is removably secured in place
by capscrews 20 insertable and removable from the top when cover
member 6 is absent from the assembly. Bull gear 16 finds rotary
support from the ball bearings 18 and in turn supports the cover
member 6 which has an annular shoulder 22 at its under side for
precise positioning on such bull gear and is secured thereto by
capscrews 23. The outer diameter of the circular cover member 6 is
greater than the outer diameter of the bull gear 16 to permit
removal and insertion of the bull gear and ball bearing assemblage
11 via a central opening 24 in upper pedestal part 5 which becomes
open when such cover member is removed. Removal of capscrews 20
frees assemblage 11 from annular seat 12, and to assist in its
removal handles (not shown) can be secured to bull gear 16 by
several of the capscrews 23 removed from cover member 6 at the time
screws 7 are removed to permit removal of cover member 6.
In normal operation of the assembly, turning of the bull gear 16 on
the ball bearings 18 about axis 4 causes the cover member 6 to be
turned via capscrews 23, which in turn causes turning of the rotary
upper pedestal part 5 via screws 7, hence turning of the mounting
frame 1 and carrying the antenna reflector 3 and feed horn 2 with
it about such axis 4. During such rotation, the feed horn 2 is
maintained in communication with transmitting and receiving means
(not shown) via the waveguide components 10 and others (not shown)
in addition to a rotary waveguide joint 26 disposed centrally
within fixed pedestal part 13 which also accommodates data takeoff
sensor and other auxiliary equipment (not shown).
Fixed pedestal part 13 includes an annular portion 29 which is
encircled by a downwardly extending skirt portion 30 of rotary
pedestal part 5, which skirt portion includes an outwardly
extending flange 31 at its lower edge. At a number of
circumferential locations at the bottom of annular portion 29 of
fixed pedestal part 13 mounting brackets 32 FIG. 2, provide for
support of such part, hence the entire assembly, at suitable
horizontal locations at the top of a mounting tower 35, indicated
in dot-dash outline in FIGS. 1 and 2. At the same locations, and
affiliated with such mounting brackets 32 stud bolts 34, one of
which is shown in FIG. 3, are provided for support and antiturn or
tilt securement of rotary pedestal part 5 and mounting frame 1
including reflector 3 and feed horn 2 thereon, during the time that
cover member 6 is removed from such part 5 for inspection and/or
replacement of the bull gear and bearing assemblage 11. Normally,
each stud bolt is screwed deeply into the bracket to keep its
projecting stud portion disposed below the flange 31 of rotary
pedestal part 5. When brought into effectuation, a nut 36 stored on
the end of the retracted stud bolt is removed to permit such bolt
to be unscrewed upwardly from bracket 32 until its top threaded end
passes through a respective opening 37 in flange 31 and an integral
nut 39 of such bolt engages the underside of such flange for its
support. The nut 36 is then again screwed onto the upper end of the
bolt until it engages the top of flange 31 to protect pedestal part
5 and mounting frame 1 against tilt.
In accord with the invention, the bull gear 16 is normally driven
simultaneously at diametrically opposite locations by a pair of
pinions 40 rotated by matched pairs of electric motors 41, speed
reducer mechanisms 42, a self-aligning assemblage 46 including
universal joint couplings 43 and 44, and drive shafts 45; such
coupling assemblage 46 being constructed and arranged for quick
removal to provide freedom for removal of one or the other drive
shaft 45 including its pinion 40. Each such removable pinion drive
assembly includes, in addition to pinion 40 and shaft 45, ball
bearing assemblies 50 and 51 on which such shaft rotates, and a
sleeve 52 in which such bearing assemblies are mounted. Sleeves 52
fit slidably in downwardly opening bores 49 formed in the annular
portion 29 of fixed pedestal part 13. Flanges 53 formed at the
bottom end of such sleeves 52 provide for removable securement by
caPscrews to such pedestal part at a readily accessible location.
Each coupling assemblage 46 is made removable by providing
long-length splines 47 on the drive shaft 45 which permits the
lower coupling 43 to be slid free of short-length splines 48 on the
output shaft 55 of the speed reducer 42. Thus either pinion drive
assembly may be removed for replacement while the bull gear
continues to be driven by the remaining pinion drive assembly until
such replacement has been completed.
The electric motors 41 and speed reducer mechanisms 42 are
removably, secured such as by bolts to respective depending bracket
portions 57 of the fixed pedestal part 13, which portions extend
downwardly from the mounting plane defined by the tower-top-mounted
brackets 32 on such fixed pedestal part.
To provide for lubrication of all rotary components of the
assembly, including the combined bull gear and ball bearing
assemblage 11, pinions 40 in engagement with the bull gear 16, and
the ball bearing assemblies 50 and 51 for the pinion drive shafts
45, the fixed pedestal part 13 is provided with an annular
reservoir defined by inner and outer circular walls 60 and 61
coaxial with rotary axis 4 to retain lubricating oil 62; the top of
bores 49 opening upwardly into the bottom of such annular oil
reservoir. An oil plug 65 provides for draining the lubricating oil
62 from the reservoir via one of the other bore 49 and a respective
port 66 prior to removal of one or the other pinion drive assembly,
as well as for replacement of such oil upon replacement of such
drive assembly.
While the invention has been described above in conjunction with a
specific assembly, this has been by way of setting forth a
preferred embodiment of the present invention as is not to be
considered as limiting the scope of the invention except as set
forth in the following claims.
* * * * *