U.S. patent number 3,623,629 [Application Number 04/803,003] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-30 for tank liner.
Invention is credited to John A. Hendershot.
United States Patent |
3,623,629 |
Hendershot |
November 30, 1971 |
TANK LINER
Abstract
A corrosion-resistant and leakproof liner for tanks formed of
flexible material and suitable for use on a variety of tanks having
different sized cleanout openings. The liner has a transversely
extending tubular neck portion having transverse dimensions
corresponding to the transverse dimensions of the smallest standard
cleanout opening of a tank of a particular size. The tubular neck
portion of the liner is extended through the cleanout opening and
then overlaps the flange provided on the outer end of the cleanout
opening neck. When the transverse dimensions of the cleanout
opening are larger than the transverse dimensions of the tubular
neck portion of the liner, a lightweight support is positioned in
the cleanout opening and supports the tubular neck portion of the
liner to prevent collapse of the tubular neck portion of the liner
and maintain a cleanout opening for the tank.
Inventors: |
Hendershot; John A. (Tulsa,
OK) |
Family
ID: |
25185305 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/803,003 |
Filed: |
February 27, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/661; 383/66;
220/917; 220/62.11; 220/327 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
90/046 (20130101); Y10S 220/917 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
90/04 (20060101); B65d 025/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/63,64,18,1B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schwartz; Raphael H.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In combination with a tank having a top and bottom, a cleanout
opening in one sidewall thereof surrounded by a neck, and a
mounting flange around the outer end of the neck to mate with a
cover plate for the cleanout opening, the improvement
comprising:
a liner of flexible material suspended in the tank and covering the
sidewalls and bottom of the tank;
said liner having a tubular neck portion extending from a side
thereof through the tank cleanout opening, and having a flap on the
outer end thereof overlapping the mounting flange;
said tubular neck portion having transverse dimensions less than
the transverse dimensions of the cleanout opening neck;
said flap having dimensions such that it is of larger area than
said mounting flange and projects beyond said mounting flange in
directions away from said neck;
a support positioned in the cleanout opening neck around the
tubular neck portion of the liner and supporting that portion of
the tubular neck portion of the liner transversing the cleanout
opening neck, said support being formed of an easily worked
synthetic resin material for fitting in said cleanout opening
snugly around said tubular neck portion of said liner; and
a sheet of corrosion-resistant material positioned over the face of
the cleanout opening cover plate facing the interior of the tank
and extending between the cleanout opening cover plate and the
mounting flange.
2. The combination defined in claim 1 wherein a hem is formed
around the upper end of the liner and characterized further to
include a support tube positioned in the hem, and means suspending
the support tube from the top of the tank.
3. The combination defined in claim 1 wherein said support is
formed of styrene plastic.
4. In combination with a tank having a top and bottom, a cleanout
opening in one sidewall thereof surrounded by a neck, and a
mounting flange around the outer end of the neck to mate with a
cover plate for the cleanout opening, the improvement
comprising:
a liner of flexible material in the tank open at its upper end and
covering the sidewalls and bottom of the tank, said liner having a
tubular neck portion extending from a side thereof through the tank
cleanout opening and having a flap on the outer end thereof
overlapping the mounting flange, said tubular neck portion having
transverse dimensions less than than the transverse dimensions of
the cleanout opening neck, said liner also having a hem formed
around the upper end thereof;
a support tube positioned in said hem;
means suspending the support tube from the top of the tank and
thereby suspending the liner in the tank; and
a support positioned in the cleanout opening neck around the
tubular neck portion of the liner supporting that portion of the
tubular neck portion of the liner transversing the cleanout opening
neck.
5. In a method of lining a tank having a top and bottom, a cleanout
opening in one sidewall thereof surrounded by a neck, and a
mounting flange around the outer end of the neck to mate without a
cleanout opening cover plate, the steps of:
forming a flexible liner in a shape to cover and contact the sides
and cover the bottom of the tank and have a tubular neck portion on
one side thereof with a rectangular flap on the outer end thereof
and having transverse dimensions less than the transverse
dimensions of the cleanout opening and a length substantially equal
to the length of the cleanout opening neck;
suspending the liner in the tank with the tubular neck portion of
the liner mating with the cleanout opening;
fitting a support in the cleanout opening neck;
forming an opening through the support conforming to the transverse
dimensions of the tubular neck portion of the liner;
extending the tubular neck portion of the liner through the support
and the flap radially outward over the mounting flange;
cutting off that portion of the flap of the liner extending
radially beyond the mounting flange;
securing the cleanout opening cover plate to the mounting flange
over that portion of the tubular neck portion of the liner
overlapping the mounting flange.
6. The method defined in claim 5 wherein the liner is formed about
30 mils thick.
7. The method defined in claim 5 wherein the support is formed of
styrene plastic.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to improvements in tanks, and more
particularly to an improved liner construction and method of lining
an existing tank.
2. Description of the Prior Art
As it is well known in the art, tanks are utilized for storing a
great variety of fluids, some of which are highly corrosive. The
service life of a tank will, of course, vary with the environmental
conditions. In any event, a tank will at sometime become corroded
and develop leaks. Most tanks, particularly in the oil industry,
are relatively expensive and it has been found economical to line a
corroded tank rather than to replace the tank.
A popular method of lining a tank is to apply a coating of a
corrosion-resistant, plasticlike material on the internal surfaces
of the tank. However, this method of lining requires an extensive
amount of preparation of the tank, particularly in cleaning and
treating the internal surfaces of the tank, and results in a
relatively expensive installation.
It has also been known to support a flexible liner in an existing
tank. However, the cleanout openings in existing tanks of the same
capacity vary over a wide range, and prior to the present invention
it has been found necessary to provide a special liner for each
design of tank, making the inventory requirements for the liners
prohibitive and preventing the standardization of liner
configurations with the attendant economies in manufacture of the
liners.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention contemplates a flexible liner for a tank of a
particular rated capacity, irrespective of the size of the cleanout
opening in the tank. The flexible liner has a tubular neck portion
extending from one side thereof having transverse dimensions
corresponding to the smallest standard cleanout opening of tanks
having a rated capacity for which the liner is designed. The
tubular neck portion of the liner is extended through the cleanout
opening of the tank, and in the event the transverse dimensions of
the tubular neck portion of the liner are less than the transverse
dimensions of the cleanout opening, a lightweight support is fitted
in the cleanout opening around the neck portion of the tubular
liner to support the intermediate portion of the tubular neck
portion of the liner and retain a cleanout opening for the tank of
the minimum standard size. The neck portion of the tubular liner
overlaps the flange provided around the outer end of the cleanout
opening, and the excess material in the tubular neck portion of the
liner is cut off in such a manner that the transverse dimensions of
the free end of the tubular neck portion of the liner correspond
with the transverse dimensions of the cleanout opening flange. A
sheet of material corresponding to the liner is also preferably
placed over the face of the cleanout opening cover plate facing the
interior of the tank to completely shield the internal surfaces of
the tank from the fluid being stored in the tank.
The present invention also contemplates a method of lining an
existing tank which results in the liner construction defined in
the preceding paragraph.
An object of the invention is to extend the service life of
existing tanks.
Another object of the invention is to provide a corrosion resistant
and leakproof liner for existing tanks, irrespective of the sizes
of the cleanout openings in the tanks.
Another object of this invention is to provide a liner which may be
utilized in a variety of designs of tanks of a given rated
capacity.
A further object of this invention is to provide a versatile tank
liner which may be economically manufactured, easily installed, and
which will have a long service life.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be evident from
the following detailed description when read in conjunction with
the accompanying drawing illustrating the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a typical storage tank having the
present liner installed therein.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the liner of this invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view through an upper corner of a
tank having the present liner installed therein as taken along
lines 3--3 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view as taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view through the cleanout opening of a tank
having the present liner installed therein, as taken along lines
5--5 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 6 is an elevational view of a typical support to be employed
in the cleanout opening of a tank when installing the present liner
therein.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present liner construction will be described as being used with
storage tanks employed in the oil industry, although it will be
understood that the liner may be employed in virtually any type of
storage tank with beneficial results.
Referring to the drawings in detail, and particularly FIG. 1,
reference character 10 designates a typical oilfield storage tank
having the present liner installed therein. The tank 10 is
typically a cylindrical tank, having a top 12 and bottom 14, and is
normally a steel tank, either welded or bolted, but may also be
wooden. A cleanout opening 16 is provided in one side of the tank
10 in a position to extend through the wall of the tank from the
bottom 14. API (American Petroleum Institute) specifications
require that the cleanout opening be of a rectangular
configuration, but may be of various dimensions. For example, in a
200 barrel capacity tank, the minimum dimensions of the cleanout
opening 16 are 20 inches by 24 inches, but may be larger, such as
24 inches by 36 inches. In any event, a neck 18 normally extends
outwardly from the side of the tank 10 around the cleanout opening
16 and terminates in a mounting flange 20 on the outer end thereof.
A cover plate 22 is secured to the mounting flange 20 by bolts 24
to close off the cleanout opening 16.
The liner of this invention is illustrated in FIG. 2 in an
uninstalled, but expanded disposition and is designated by the
general reference character 26. The liner 26 is formed of a
flexible material, preferably about 30 mils thick, and is
preferably formed of a corrosion-resistant material, such as a
synthetic rubber or a thermoplastic vinyl, the formulation of the
material depending upon the service conditions being encountered.
The thickness of the liner 26 is exaggerated in the drawing for
clarity of illustration. The liner 26 comprises a tubular body
portion 28 having a diameter and height substantially corresponding
to the diameter and height of a tank 10 of a particular capacity.
In other words, the diametrical and height dimensions of liners
constructed in accordance with this invention will be standardized
with respect to the diametrical and height dimensions of the tanks
in which the liners are to be employed, there being a particular
size of liner for each tank size.
The bottom 30 of the liner 26 is closed to provide a protective
covering over the bottom 14 of the tank 10. The top of the body 28
of the liner 26 is open and the upper edge of the body 28 is lapped
or turned downwardly and sealed to the body 28 along a line 32 to
provide a hem portion 34. A plurality of circumferentially spaced
openings 36 are cut in the upper edge of the hem 34 for purposes to
be described.
A tubular neck portion 38, preferably of rectangular configuration
in cross section, extends radially outward from the side of the
liner body 28 adjacent the bottom 30 of the liner. The transverse
dimensions of the neck portion 38 correspond to the minimum
transverse dimensions of the cleanout opening which may be
encountered in a standard tank of the capacity for which the body
28 is sized. For example, for a 200 barrel tank, the transverse
dimensions of the neck portion 38 would be 20 inches by 24 inches.
The length of the tubular neck portion 38 is substantially equal to
the length of the cleanout opening neck 18 of the tank 10 in which
the liner is to be utilized. A rectangular flap 39 is formed on the
outer end of the neck portion 38 and has transverse dimensions
greater than the transverse dimensions of the flange 20 which may
be encountered.
Prior to the installation of the liner 26 in the tank 10, the inner
surfaces of the walls and the bottom 14 of the tank are preferably
cleaned and all sharp edges on such surfaces removed. Also, a
series of holes 40 are drilled through the top 12 of the tank
corresponding in number and arrangement to the openings 36 in the
hem 34 of the liner 26.
The liner 26 is then collapsed and inserted in the tank through the
cleanout opening 16. A worker can then enter the tank and thread a
tube 42 (FIGS. 3 and 4) through the hem 34 at the upper end of the
liner. The tube 42 may be a plastic tube of any particular size or
design which can be threaded into the hem 34 and the ends welded
together to form a ring. The lower end of a J-bolt 44 is then
looped under the tube 42 at each of the liner openings 36 and
extended upwardly through one of the holes 40 in the top 12 of the
tank. Another worker places a nut 46 on each of the J-bolts 44 from
the exterior of the tank. The body 28 of the liner 26 will
therefore be suspended in the tank 10.
The tubular neck portion 38 of the liner 26 is then extended
through the cleanout opening 16 of the tank. In the event the
transverse dimensions of the cleanout opening 16 correspond to the
transverse dimensions of the tubular neck portion 38, the flap 39
is simply extended radially outward over the mounting flange 20 and
cut off to be flush with the outer periphery of the mounting flange
20. However, as previously noted, the transverse dimensions of the
cleanout opening 16 are normally larger than the transverse
dimensions of the tubular neck portion 38. In this latter event, a
support 48 is placed in the cleanout opening 16 around the tubular
neck portion 38 to support the tubular neck portion 38 and still
provide a cleanout opening for the tank.
Prior to installation, the support 48 has the configuration
illustrated in FIG. 6. A bore or opening 50 is formed through the
support 48 having transverse dimensions corresponding to the
transverse dimensions of the tubular neck portion 38, and
preferably with the corners 52 of the bore 50 rounded. The overall
transverse dimension, noted as A and B in FIG. 6, of the support 48
correspond to the transverse dimensions of the largest standard
cleanout opening for the tank being lined. In the event the overall
transverse dimensions, A and B, of the support 48 are larger than
the transverse dimensions of the cleanout opening 16 of the tank
being lined, the support 48 is trimmed to the necessary extent to
fit within the cleanout opening 16 being encountered. In a
preferred form, the support 48 is made of a styrene plastic
material and is easily trimmed with a knife to fit tightly in the
cleanout opening 16.
Upon installation of the support 48, the tubular neck portion 38 is
extended through the opening 50 in the support 48 and then the flap
39 is extended radially outward over the outer face of the support
48 and over the mounting flange 20. Any excess material remaining
in the flap 39 can be easily trimmed, such that the outer edge of
the flap 39 will conform to the outer periphery of the mounting
flange 20.
To complete the lining of the tank 10, a sheet 54 of material
corresponding to the material employed in the liner 26 is placed
over the face of the cleanout cover 22 facing the interior of the
tank 10, and a spacer washer 56 is placed between the sheet 54 and
the corresponding portion of the tubular neck portion 38 in line
with the mounting flange 20; whereupon the cover plate 22 is
secured to the mounting flange 20 by the bolts 24. The tank 10 will
then be lined, with all surfaces of the tank in contact with the
fluid being stored protected by a corrosion-resistant and leakproof
material, and with a cleanout opening still provided in the tank
upon removal of the cover plate 22.
From the foregoing it will be apparent that the present invention
will increase the service life of existing tanks. The liner of this
invention may be used on a variety of tank designs to permit the
maximum standardization and minimize inventory requirements.
Installation of the lining is accomplished in a minimum of time and
with a minimum of effort.
Changes may be made in the combination or arrangement of parts or
elements, as well as the arrangement of steps or procedures, as
heretofore set forth in the specification and shown in the drawings
without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
* * * * *