U.S. patent number 3,622,926 [Application Number 05/018,941] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-23 for magnetically actuatable reed switch assembly.
Invention is credited to George Risk.
United States Patent |
3,622,926 |
Risk |
November 23, 1971 |
MAGNETICALLY ACTUATABLE REED SWITCH ASSEMBLY
Abstract
A reed switch assembly of the type comprising a pair of
spaced-apart flexible magnetically permeable electrically
conductive reeds adapted to contact each other when brought into
proximity to magnetic flux. Herein, the magnetic flux is supplied
from a permanent magnet formed of permanently magnetized particles
distributed throughout a structurally continuous flexible resinous
matrix, said permanent magnet-means being annularly C-shaped and
resiliently constrictable and being employed in the switch assembly
under conditions of unrelieved constricted stresses.
Inventors: |
Risk; George (Columbus,
NB) |
Family
ID: |
21790531 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/018,941 |
Filed: |
March 12, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
335/205;
335/303 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
36/004 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
36/00 (20060101); H01h 051/28 () |
Field of
Search: |
;335/205,206,303 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gilheany; Bernard A.
Assistant Examiner: Envall, Jr.; R. N.
Claims
I claim:
1. A magnetically actuatable reed switch assembly to control the
flow of electrical current between at least two distinctly
separated reeds, said magnetically actuatable reed switch assembly
comprising:
A. a pair of magnetically permeable flexible elongate electrically
conductive reeds disposed in substantially colinear relationship
along a longitudinal axis, said flexible reeds being normally
separated by a finite spatial gap at a first reed free end, at
least one of said reeds being sufficiently flexible that said reeds
will be brought closer together when subjected to magnetic
flux;
B. a transversely C-shaped and transversely resiliently
constrictable magnet means substantially surrounding said reeds,
said magnet means being adapted to reciprocate along the
longitudinal axis and including a first station therefor relatively
remote from the first reed free end at which first station said
reeds remain spatially separated and further including a second
station therefor located nearer to said first reed free end at
which said second station the magnetic flux of the said permanent
magnet means diminishes the interreeds spatial gap, the first and
second stations being longitudinally separated by a finite
distance, said magnet means having two transverse ends of opposite
magnetic polarities including a "North" pole and a "South" pole,
and C-shaped magnet means under conditions of unrelieved
constriction stresses being supported against the transverse floor
plate of a transversely rigidly dimensioned longitudinally
reciprocatable support means;
C. a housing surrounding said longitudinally reciprocatable support
means for the magnet means, said housing including a rearward end
and an open forward end; and
D. a pushbutton disposed within and extending forwardly from the
housing open forward end, said pushbutton extending rearwardly into
the housing and being longitudinally reciprocatably actuatably
engaged with the support means, the longitudinal reciprocatability
for the pushbutton being at least equal to said interstations
finite distance.
2. The magnetically actuatable reed switch assembly of claim 1
wherein the said pair of reeds are supported within an elongate
envelope of relatively magnetically impermeable material; wherein
the resiliently constrictable C-shaped magnet means comprises
permanently magnetized particles distributed throughout a
structurally continuous matrix of a resiliently flexible resinous
material; wherein the support means comprises a centrally open
floor plate positioned substantially normal to the longitudinal
axis and an integrally connected circular upright annular wall
portion having a uniform upright height, said annular wall having a
circular upright inside surface spaced a constant radial distance
from the longitudinal axis; wherein the constricted magnet means
has a C-shaped upright outer wall in continuous contact with the
support means upright inside surface; wherein the upright
pushbutton is tubular surrounding the longitudinal axis and
attached to the support means floor at the central opening thereof,
the pushbutton bore having an upright length exceeding the
interstations finite distance; and wherein an upright helical
spring surrounds the longitudinal axis for resiliently normally
urging the support means and the magnet means toward one
station.
3. The reed switch assembly of claim 2 wherein the major volumetric
fraction of the magnet means comprises the resinous matrix whereby
said magnet means can be readily altered in peripheral length; and
wherein the helical spring is disposed rearwardly of the magnet
means.
4. A plurality of the magnetically actuatable reed switch
assemblies of claim 3 banked together in a keyboard installation,
each of said reed switch assemblies being identical in every
structural and dimensional detail except that the gravimetric mass
for the C-shaped resiliently constrictable magnet means differs so
greatly from one reed switch assembly to the other that such
gravimetric mass differential is readily visually apparent to the
naked eye.
Description
With magnetically actuatable reed switch assemblies of the prior
art, the permanent magnet means invariably comprises magnetized
metallic particles sintered directly together, such sintered
permanent magnets being expensive to manufacture and being
exceedingly difficult to alter in size or shape. Moreover, when a
plurality of such prior art switch assemblies are banked in close
quarters, as in a keyboard installation, there is apt to be a
magnetic interference from the magnet means of neighboring switch
assemblies whereby malfunction of a given switch assembly might
result.
It is accordingly the general object of the present invention to
overcome the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art
magnetically actuatable reed switch assemblies, particularly those
that utilize sintered particles permanent magnets. These general
objects are attained by employing a novel C-shaped resiliently
constrictable magnet means comprising magnetic particles
distributed throughout a structurally continuous resinous matrix,
said C-shaped resinous magnet means being readily reduceable in
gravimetric mass appropriate to manufacturing and installation
exigencies and being utilized within the switch assembly under
conditions of unrelieved constriction stresses with a support
means.
In the drawing, wherein like characters refer to like parts in the
several views, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a representative embodiment "T" of
the magnetically actuatable reed switch assembly of the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional elevational view taken along lines 2--2 of
FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view taken along lines 3--3 of FIGS. 1
and 2.
FIG. 4 is a perspective detail view of the representative support
means for the C-shaped resiliently constrictable magnet means.
FIG. 5 is a perspective detail view of the C-shaped resiliently
constrictable magnet means employed in the switch assembly "T" of
FIGS. 1-3.
FIG. 6 is a sectional elevational view taken along lines 6--6 of
FIGS. 5 and 7.
FIG. 7 is a perspective detail view of the FIG. 5 magnet means
schematically showing alterability, e.g., shortening, of the
circumferential length thereof.
Representative reed switch assembly "T" is herein uprightly
disposed along a longitudinal axis 9, said assembly "T" comprising
a plurality of components and herein including; elongate reeds unit
30 including elongate flexible reeds 32 and 33 extending along axis
9; an external elongate housing herein including elongate tubular
casing 10 with an open forward end 13 and further including a
transversely extending rearward resinous plug 15; a C-shaped
resiliently constrictable permanent magnet means 50 substantially
surrounding axis 9 and having a pair of transversely extending ends
including a forward end 56 and a rearward end 57 of opposite
magnetic polarities, herein forward end 56 being arbitrarily
selected as "North" or "N"; a pushbutton 21 extending forwardly of
the housing forward end 13 and having spring means, e.g., 80,
whereby the pushbutton is resiliently rearwardly depressible along
axis 9, said pushbutton being longitudinally actuatably associated
with the C-shaped magnet means 50; and a transversely rigidly
dimensioned support means 25 for the C-shaped magnet means 50, the
pushbutton 21 herein being integrally connected to the support
means 25 to provide unitary component 20 of FIG. 4.
Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6. The C-shaped resiliently
constrictable magnet means 50, as shown in solid line in FIG. 5 for
its normal nonconstricted form, has a pair of free ends 51 and 52.
The cross-sectional shape as indicated in FIG. 6 is regularly
rectangular. The structural material for the magnet means comprises
magnetic particles 59, such as iron, iron oxide, nickel, etc., said
magnetic particles 59 being distributed throughout a structurally
continuous flexible resinous matrix, such as rubber. This particles
and resinous matrix type magnet structure is permanently magnetized
so that the forward end 56 thereof is of opposite magnetic polarity
to the rearward end 57, said rearward end 57 being arbitrarily
selected as "SOUTH" or "S." The C-shaped magnet means 50 is
resiliently constrictable by virtue of the flexible resinous
matrix, and as indicated in phantom line in FIG. 5, the free ends
51 and 52 might be brought closer together, even to the extent of
actual physical contact if so desired. There is, of course,
unrelieved flexural stress within magnet means 50 when made to
assume a resiliently constricted form, said magnet means having
some regular external radius r from axis 9 when in the said
artificially constricted form.
As indicated in FIG. 7, the magnet means 50, having an easily
clippable or sliceable resinous matrix as the major volumetric
proportion thereof, can be readily reduced in peripheral circular
length, appropriate to the selected dimensional requirements of the
switch "T." For example, when selecting smaller diameter reed
envelopes 31, a portion at 52 might be removed to provide a new
second free end 52C, and thus, an appropriately smaller constricted
radius r might be attained commencing from the same original size
magnet means 50. Such selectable shortening of the C-shaped magnet
means 50 also provides a convenient means for reducing the
gravimetric mass thereof appropriate to the use conditions of
switch assembly "T." For example, when a large number of switch
assemblies "T" are banked very closely together, as in a
keyboard-type installation, one or more individual switches might
misfunction because of magnetic interference from neighboring
switches. However, with the readily clippable particles and
resinous matrix magnet means 50 herein, the gravimetric mass
thereof can be easily altered in one or more of the banked
switches, whereby problems of inimical magnetic interference can be
readily corrected. As will be explained later in greater detail,
the C-shaped annular magnet means held in the said constricted
state thereof (as by support means 25) substantially surrounds and
is transverse to axis 9 and to a first flexible reed 32.
There is a pair of ferric or similar "magnetically permeable"
flexible elongate reeds 32 and 33 disposed in substantially
colinear relationship along axis 9, said flexible reeds being
separated by a finite spatial gap at the free end of one reed. At
least one of the two reeds is sufficiently flexible that said reeds
will physically contact each other (as indicated in phantom line in
FIG. 2) when subjected to magnetic flux (as when magnet means 50 is
at its rearward second station at which 29 contacts 16 as indicated
in phantom line in FIG. 2). At the forward first station for magnet
means 50 (spring 80 forces support means floor 26 against casing
neck 12 as indicated in solid line in FIG. 2), the magnet means 50
is said finite distance "FD" forwardly remote from the magnet means
second station and there is an electrically nonconductive spatial
gap between flexible reeds 32 and 33. In normal commercial practice
such reeds 32 and 33 are encased as a reeds unit 30 in an elongate
envelope 31 of glass or similar relatively "magnetically
impermeable" material. There is a flexible elongate conductor wire
34 attached to the forward end of reed 32, forwardly of envelope
31, and electrical conductor 34 extends rearwardly of housing
resinous rearward plug 15 through perforation 18 thereof. Reeds
unit 30 is uprightly supported along axis 9 by the forward contour
of housing rearward plug 15 and the rearward portion of reed 33
extends rearwardly of plug 15 through perforation 17 thereof.
As has been already alluded to, the housing has an open forward
portion 12 to slidably accommodate a pushbutton, e.g., 21, the said
housing comprising a casing portion 10 and a rearward resinous plug
portion 15. Casing 10 has two integrally connected tubular parts,
each herein circularly concentric about axis 9, and including the
major length and larger diameter body 11 with lower transverse end
14 and the minor length and smaller diameter neck 12 with upper
forward transverse end 13. Rearward plug 15 has a forward annular
extremity 16 forwardly of 14, and 29 is abuttable against 16. Plug
15 has an annular shelf 19 surrounding axis 9, and helical spring
80 surrounding axis 9 extends forwardly from 19 and bears against
magnet means rearward side 57. Thus, as pushbutton 21 (which is
longitudinally coreciprocatably attached to magnet means 50) is
moved along axis 9 relatively rearwardly of casing forward end 13
for said finite distance "FD," the magnet means 50 moves against
helical spring means 80 to the phantom line second station
whereupon the flexible reeds 32 and 33 are made to contact each
other.
While several types of support means to maintain magnet means 50 in
constricted condition might with equal facility be employed, the
support means 25 is especially advantageous, especially since it
lends itself to the FIG. 4 unitary overall combination 20 along
with pushbutton 21. Support means 25 comprises a centrally open
transverse floor plate 26 having the central opening 24. A vertical
circular wall 28 surrounding axis 9 is attached to the lower
rearward side of member 26, circular wall 28 having a rearward
lower extremity 29 annularly surrounding axis 9. Moreover, circular
wall 28 has an outside surface 28B, and has an inside surface 28A
spaced a constant radial distance r from axis 9. Thus, it can be
seen that the outside upright surface 50B of magnet means 50 is in
continuous contact with upright inside surface 28A whereby magnet
means 50 under conditions of unrelieved constriction stresses is so
supported by the transversely rigidly dimensioned circular wall 28.
Tubular pushbutton 21 has a closed forward end 23 and a
longitudinal bore 24 extending rearwardly of 23 for a distance
exceeding "FD" whereupon the rearward extremity of pushbutton 21 is
at and attached to transverse plate 26.
It can be readily appreciated from FIG. 2 that switch "T" would be
assembled in the following order; forward end 23 of unit 20 is
inserted through casing 10 commencing at 14; magnet means 50 is cut
to the proper circular peripheral length, and is then constricted
to radius r and placed within support means 25; then, forward end
23 of unit 20 is inserted forwardly along axis 9 commencing at 14;
then, spring 80 is inserted into 11 through 14; and finally plug 15
together with reeds unit 30 mounted therein is forwardly moved into
place against 14.
Having now described a representative embodiment of the
magnetically actuatable reed switch assembly, it is desired to
claim the generic and specific concepts thereof as follows.
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