U.S. patent number 3,622,813 [Application Number 05/079,437] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-23 for terminal device for piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.. Invention is credited to Osamu Kumon.
United States Patent |
3,622,813 |
Kumon |
November 23, 1971 |
TERMINAL DEVICE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMIC TRANSFORMER
Abstract
A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer of the
plate-type consists of a rectangular ring made of rubber-elastic
high-molecular material has two metallic members. The metallic
members are mounted at opposite portions of the ring so as to
contact respective input electrodes of the transformer when the
terminal device is attached to the input section of the
transformer. Input leads for the transformer will be connected to
the respective metallic members serving as interconnection between
the input electrodes and input leads. A terminal device for the
output of the ceramic transformer is attached around the output
section of the transformer so that the output can be taken out from
any point of the output section.
Inventors: |
Kumon; Osamu (Itami,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Sumitomo Electric Industries,
Ltd. (Osaka, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
27518394 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/079,437 |
Filed: |
October 9, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Oct 18, 1969 [JA] |
|
|
44/99219 |
Jan 16, 1970 [JA] |
|
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45/4374 |
Jan 16, 1970 [JA] |
|
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45/4375 |
Jan 16, 1970 [JA] |
|
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45/3780 |
Mar 3, 1970 [JA] |
|
|
45/17634 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
310/345;
310/366 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01L
41/107 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01L
41/107 (20060101); H01v 007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;310/8.1-8.3,8.7,8.9,9.1,9.3,9.4,9.5,9.6,9.8 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Duggan; D. F.
Assistant Examiner: Reynolds; B. A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer
comprising a rectangular ring (10) made of rubber-elastic
high-molecular material the inner peripheral dimension of which
corresponds substantially to the outer peripheral dimension of the
transformer, said ring having attached thereto at its opposite
portions two rectangular cylinders (11, 11') made of metal so that
when said ring is mounted around an input section of the
transformer said metal cylinders contact respective input
electrodes of the transformer, wherein said ring urges said metal
cylinders so as to make them intimately contact the respective
input electrodes.
2. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 1 wherein said ring is made of neoprene.
3. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 1 wherein the inner peripheral dimension of said
ring is made slightly smaller than the outer peripheral dimension
of the transformer.
4. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 1 wherein gridlike slits are formed on the
surface portions of said metal cylinders, whereby they come into
stable contact with the input electrodes of the transformer.
5. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer
consisting of two generally U-shaped portions (10a, 10a') and two
metal portions (12, 12') and forming a continuous rectangular ring,
the inner peripheral dimension of said ring corresponding
substantially to the outer peripheral dimension of the transformer,
wherein said metal portions are coupled to said generally U-shaped
portions such that, when said ring is mounted around an input
section of the transformer, said metal portions come into contact
with respective input electrodes of the transformer, said generally
U-shaped portions being made of rubberlike elastic high-molecular
material.
6. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 5 wherein the inner peripheral dimension of said
ring is made slightly smaller than the outer peripheral dimension
of the transformer.
7. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 5 wherein gridlike slits are formed on the
surface portions of said metal portions which come into stable
contact with the input electrode of the transformer.
8. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer
comprising a rectangular ring (10) made of rubberlike
high-molecular material the inner peripheral dimension of which
corresponds substantially to the outer peripheral dimension of the
transformer, said ring having secured thereto at its opposite
portions two metal contact members (21, 21'), each of said contact
members consisting of two discs and a short tube connecting at its
ends said two discs, wherein said tube is embedded in said ring,
and said two discs are positioned on opposite surface portions of
said ring and connected at their centers to said embedded tube so
that, when said ring is mounted around an input section of said
transformer, the inner discs of said respective contact members
come into contact with the respective input electrodes of the
transformer, whereby input lead wires can be connected to the outer
discs of said metal contact members.
9. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 8 wherein the inner discs of said contact
members are enlarged respectively in effective contact area.
10. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 8 wherein the outer discs of said contact
members are enlarged respectively in effective area so as to
strengthen urging force effecting on the inner discs.
11. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 8 wherein the inner peripheral dimension of said
ring is made slightly smaller than the outer peripheral dimension
of the transformer.
12. A terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer as
specified in claim 8 wherein gridlike slits are formed on the
surface portions of the inner metal discs of said respective
contact members.
13. A method of taking out an output of a piezoelectric ceramic
transformer from any desired surface points of an output section of
the transformer comprising the step of providing a rectangular ring
made of electrically conductive high-molecular material on any
desired surface point of the output section of the transformer,
wherein output lead wires are led from said rectangular ring and
one of the input electrodes of the transformer.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a terminal device for a piezoelectric
ceramic transformer and more particularly, to such a device which
serves also as a support for the ceramic transformer.
In general, the piezoelectric ceramic transformer known in the art
will be made by plating silver paste to form input electrodes on
opposite surfaces in one-half portion of a plate-type ceramic and
an output electrode on an end face in the other half portion, and
by effecting polarization of the ceramic through application of a
DC voltage in the thicknesswise direction to the input half section
or the one-half portion and in the lengthwise direction to the
output half section or the other half portion.
To operate the so constructed ceramic transformer, hitherto a
system has been employed in which relatively bold wires are used as
input leads and soldered directly to the input electrodes. The
input section was supported by those bold wires and the output
section was supported by a mica plate and the like.
In such conventional systems, there exist such disadvantages that,
since the lead wires are soldered to the electrodes, the stripping
off of the wires from the silver electrodes tends to occur due to
vibration to thereby result in a fatal trouble or incomplete
electrical connection, and the operating life of such a support may
also be shortened.
Further, the soldering method has the defect that resonance
frequency would deviate or output voltage decrease unless the
soldering be done at a very due point or node point and with a
proper amount of solder.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a
novel terminal device for a piezoelectric ceramic transformer.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a terminal
device for the input electrodes of the ceramic transformer which
serves also as a support thereof.
It is a related object of the present invention to provide an
output terminal device for the ceramic transformer.
It is another related object of the present invention to provide a
method of manufacturing and mounting a support to the ceramic
transformer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention resides in a terminal device used for a
piezoelectric ceramic transformer of the plate type which consists
of a rectangular ring made of rubber-elastic high-molecular
material such as neoprene.
According to the first feature of the present invention, the
rectangular ring is provided with two metallic rectangular
cylinders at opposite portions of the ring so that the cylinders
contact the respective input electrodes of the transformer when the
ring is attached to the transformer. In the second feature and
aforesaid rectangular cylinders are replaced by metallic solid
elements of the same dimension as that of the ring. In the third
feature the aforesaid rectangular cylinders are replaced by members
each of which consists of two discs and a tube connecting the discs
at the ends of the tube and is secured to that portions of the ring
so that one metallic disc faces and abuts against one input
electrode, the other disc is on the external surface of the ring
opposite to the one disc, and the tube is embedded in the ring
material and connects at its both ends with the two discs.
The present invention resides further in a terminal device for the
output of the ceramic transformer which is an electrically
conductive and elastic rectangular ring and is attached around the
output section of the transformer. By the use of this novel device
the output of the transformer can be taken out from any points of
the output section besides from the usual output end face.
The present invention provides further a method of manufacturing a
support of the ceramic transformer and of mounting the same thereto
which comprises the steps of setting a ceramic body in a metallic
mold for molding supporting rings and injecting molten rubber
material into the mold.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piezoelectric ceramic transformer
with conventional supports and electrical connection;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing vibration modes of the ceramic
transformer;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the
terminal device according to the present invention attached to the
ceramic transformer;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial side view of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
3;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the second embodiment in accordance with
the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the third embodiment according to
the present invention attached to the ceramic transformer;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment shown in
FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a metal member included in the
third embodiment shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the third
embodiment shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another modification of the
third embodiment shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing an output voltage characteristic along
the length of the ceramic transformer;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the output
terminal device according to the present invention attached to the
ceramic transformer; and
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the ceramic transformer with
attached thereto two supports manufactured in accordance with the
present invention .
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
First, in order to facilitate understanding of the present
invention and of the superiority of the present invention over the
prior art, reference will be taken to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing a
conventional system and vibration state of a ceramic
transformer.
A piezoelectric ceramic transformer (it will be abbreviated as
"PCT") shown in FIG. 1 will be made by plating silver paste to
provide input electrodes 1 and 2 on opposite surfaces in the left
half portion, as viewed in FIG. 1, of a plate-type ceramic 3 and an
output electrode 4 on an end face in the right half portion of the
ceramic body 3, and by performing polarization of the ceramic
through application of a DC voltage in the thicknesswise direction
shown by arrow d.sub.1 to an input section or to the left half
portion between points L.sub.0 and L.sub.1 and in the lengthwise
direction shown by arrow d.sub.2 to an output section or to the
right half portion between points L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 of the
ceramic body 3.
So constructed piezoelectric ceramic transformer will generate a
high AC output voltage across the output electrode 4 and one input
electrode 1 or 2 in response to application of an AC voltage across
the input electrodes from an AC source OSC through lead wires 5 and
5'. In case of the circuit connection shown in FIG. 1, the
generated AC voltage is transferred in the form of a DC voltage to
a load R.sub.L through a lead wire 8 and an output circuitry
consisting of two diodes D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 forming a voltage
doubler rectifier.
In operation, the piezoelectric ceramic transformer will preferably
be driven into a fundamental mode longitudinal vibration or into a
second higher harmonic mode longitudinal vibration. FIG. 2 shows
schematically the magnitude of displacement in the longitudinal
vibration where curve a illustrates the magnitude of displacement
in the fundamental mode vibration and curve b illustrates that in
the second higher harmonic mode vibration, the arrow depicted in
this drawing indicating the direction of displacement. Small zones
7, 7' and 7" where the displacement is substantially null represent
nodes of vibration in the fundamental or second higher harmonic
mode vibration.
The ceramic transformer of the above structure will generate
voltages higher than 10 kv. with application of a voltage of some
10 volts to the input section, so it is utilizable as a fly-back
transformer for televisions, a high-voltage source for electronic
copying machines and the like.
However, because the ceramic transformer vibrates intensively at
frequency of 20 to 60 kHz. it is important to pay attention to
mounting means for the ceramic body as well as to electrical
connecting means for the input.
Hitherto the system has been employed in which, as shown in FIG. 1,
relatively bold wires are used for the input lead wires 5 and 5'
and they are soldered directly to the input electrodes 1 and 2.
Through these bold wires 5 and 5' the input power is applied to the
transformer and by the same the input section is supported.
Further, to sustain and fix the transformer within a vacuum tube,
for example, a mica plate 6 would be mounted to the output
section.
In such a system, there exist the disadvantages such that, since
the lead wires in the input section are soldered to the input
electrodes, the stripping off of the lead wires from the silver
electrodes tends to occur due to vibration to thereby result in a
fatal trouble or incomplete electrical connection, and the
operating life of such supporting means may also be shortened.
Further, the soldering method of lead wires has the defect that the
resonance frequency could deviate or the output voltage decrease
unless the soldering be done at a due point or node point and with
a proper amount of solder.
The present invention aims to overcome the foregoing drawbacks of
the prior art, and will be explained hereinafter with reference to
FIGS. 3 through 14.
FIG. 3 shows the first embodiment T.sub.1 of the input terminal
device according to the present invention attached to the input
section of the conventional piezoelectric ceramic transformer
PCT.
Two rectangular rings 9 and 10 are made of rubber-elastic
high-molecular material such as neoprene and both function as
supports for the transformer PCT. The ring 10 has rectangular
cylinders 11 and 11' made of conductive material or of metal
plates, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which are attached to opposite
portions of the ring 10 so that, when the ring 10 is mounted around
the input section, one cylinder 11 contacts the upper input
electrode 1 and the other cylinder 11' contacts the lower input
electrode 2, as viewed in FIG. 3. Thus, the two rectangular
cylinders 11 and 11' can interconnect the input electrodes and the
corresponding external input lead wires (5 and 5' shown in FIG.
1).
As shown exaggeratedly in FIG. 4, the rectangular conductive
cylinders 11 and 11' are urged toward the ceramic body 3 by the
elasticity of the body part of the ring 10 passing therethrough, so
that the cylinders come into intimate contact with the input
electrodes 1 and 2 plated on the opposite surfaces of the ceramic
body 3, thus, complete electrical connection will result
therebetween.
As a result of using the foregoing input terminal device T.sub.1,
flexible thin wires can be used as the input lead wires 5 and 5'
and can be connected to the rectangular conductive cylinders 11 and
11' by a conventional manner or soldering.
This input terminal device T.sub.1 can be modified so as to have
more complete contacting and gripping properties by making the
inner dimension of the ring 10 slightly smaller than the peripheral
dimension of the ceramic body 3, or, as to prevent the ring 10 from
dispositioning due to vibration of the working transformer from a
proper location by forming gridlike slits on the inner contact
surfaces of the cylinders 11 and 11'.
In the state shown in FIG. 3, the rectangular elastic ring 9
supports the output section of the transformer, so that connection
of the output lead wire 8 (FIG. 1) with the output electrode 4 can
be done in a conventional manner or through soldering.
FIG. 6 shows in cross section the second embodiment T.sub.2 of the
input terminal device according to the present invention attached
to the ceramic body 3. The appearance of this device T.sub.2 will
be substantially the same as the view of the first embodiment
T.sub.1 shown in FIG. 3.
As seen from FIG. 6, this terminal device T.sub.2 consists of two
U-shaped side portions 10a and 10a' made of plastic or rubber and
two metal portions 12 and 12' made of copper, for example, and is
made in the form of a continuous rectangular ring like the ring 10
of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
Thus, the second embodiment T.sub.2 will yield substantially the
same advantages as that of the structure shown in FIGS. 3 through
5, and thin wires can be soldered to the solid metal portions 12
and 12'. Further, because the portions 12 and 12' are solid, their
self-heating owing to input current will be reduced
substantially.
FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show the third embodiment T.sub.3 of the terminal
device according to the present invention.
In this embodiment T.sub.3, the rectangular ring 10 made of
material like that of the first and second embodiments has at its
opposite portions two metallic contact members 21 and 21'. As shown
in FIGS. 8 and 9, each of the contact members consists of two metal
discs formed with a small central hole and a short metal tube
connecting the two discs at its ends.
In the completed form, as shown in FIG. 8, the short tube is
embedded in the ring material, and the two discs are leveled with
the opposite surfaces (or outer and inner surfaces) of the ring 10
and connected at their center with the embedded tube. One disc
inside the ring will contact the corresponding input electrode 1 or
2 and the other outer disc will be connected to one input lead
wire.
Similarly to the first and second embodiments, the conductive
members 21 and 21' of this device T.sub.3 are urged toward the
input electrodes by the elastic rectangular ring 10, thus, the
perfect electrical connection between the contact members and the
input electrodes is achieved. The modifications in the first
embodiment with respect to the rectangular ring 10 will also be
applied to this third embodiment.
FIG. 10 shows one modification of the third embodiment shown in
FIGS. 7 through 9.
In FIG. 10, the inner disc contacting the input electrode is
enlarged in area. That is, the inner surface portion 22, 22' of the
ring 10 including the inner disc is coated with metallic material.
This coating may be prepared by mixing, for example, carbon powder
with the ring material of that portion and by vulcanizing the same
so that the inner surface portion is changed into conductive.
Thus, the structure shown in FIG. 10 will result in a good
electrical conduction of the contact member with the input
electrode.
FIG. 11 shows another modification of the third embodiment shown in
FIGS. 7 through 9.
In FIG. 11, the effective area of the other disc is enlarged in
order to strengthen the urging force of the outer disc against the
inner disc contacting the input electrode. This urging force will
be transferred to the inner disc through the ring material
interposed therebetween, or whereby the elastic ring will cause the
inner disc to come into more intimate contact with the
corresponding input electrode.
This enlargement of the effective area of the outer disc will be
achieved by securing a larger metal plate 23, 23' to the outer
disc, or by attaching a bold lead 23, 23' wire to the outer disc so
as to run along the outer surface of the rectangular ring 10.
As will be apparent from the foregoing description with respect to
the first, second and third embodiments and their modified
structures illustrated in FIGS. 3 through 11, the input terminal
devices according to the present invention includes the elastic
rectangular ring and two metallic contact members urged by the
elastic ring as to come into intimate contact with the respective
input electrodes of the ceramic transformer, thus, the input lead
wire can be connected directly to a portion of the member remote
from the other portion contacting the input electrode, or there is
no need of soldering the input lead directly to the input
electrode.
Therefore, the present input terminal device does not cause
stripping off and wearing down of the silver input electrodes under
vibration, and there rises no disposition or shifting of the
supporting position by the use of the elastic ring.
In the prior art, the output of the piezoelectric ceramic
transformer was taken out from the output electrode 4 located at
the end face of the transformer as shown in FIG. 1. However, the
ceramic transformer has generally the output voltage distribution
characteristic shown diagrammatically in FIG. 12. That is, the
magnitude of the generated voltage is substantially constant on the
surface between points L.sub.0 and L.sub.1 or in the input section,
and increases as measurement is effected from point L.sub.1 to
point L.sub.2, then it takes the maximum value at the end point
L.sub.2 or the output end of the conventional system.
Therefore, the present invention proposes the provision of
possibility for drawing out the output from any points on the
surface of the output section other than the output end, by the use
of an electrically conductive ring made of high-molecular material
which hardly suppresses vibration of the ceramic body.
FIG. 13 shows one embodiment of the output taking-out system
according to the present invention. A ring body 20 made of
high-molecular material and having electrical conductivity is
mounted around the output section of the transformer at any
appropriate point between points L.sub.1 and L.sub.2. The output
will be transferred to a load R.sub.L ' through a lead wire 5b
connected to a portion of the conductive ring body 20. This ring
body 20 is elastic, so it does not suppress vibration really, thus,
the voltage generation characteristic deteriorates little. Further,
the present system does not require the process of attaching an
electrode to the output section surface by a conductive adhesive,
for example, so that taking-out of the output is very easily
achieved with reliable output lead connection.
As was explained with reference to FIG. 2, the piezoelectric
ceramic transformer has one or more nodes of vibration depending
upon the vibration mode.
In general, if the transformer is not supported at its node points
of vibration or at areas within .+-.0.5 mm. from the node point,
any supporting means tend to damp the vibration or may displace
from the initial set point due to vibration whereby the voltage
step-up characteristic deteriorates.
In this connection, the present invention provides a novel method
of manufacturing a support for the ceramic transformer and, at the
same time, of mounting the same to the node point.
FIG. 14 shows in perspective the ceramic transformer PCT with the
completed supports 30 and 30' manufactured and mounted in
accordance with the present invention.
First, the conventional piezoelectric ceramic transformer is
prepared having the input electrodes 1 and 2 and the output
electrodes 4 formed by plating silver paste on appropriate surface
portions of the ceramic body 3. Then, this transformer is set in a
metallic mold (not shown) for molding supports 30, 30', and molten
rubberlike material is poured into the mold. While applying
pressure the molten material is cooled, whereby the support rings
30, 30' are formed and secured around desired node areas of the
ceramic body. In the above operation, because the positions where
recesses for molding supports are formed correspond exactly to the
node points, there is no need of operation to adjust the positions
of the formed supports 30 and 30'.
In the present invention, rubberlike material is used as material
of the support, that can be molded at relatively low temperatures
(about 150.degree. C.), so that deterioration in characteristic of
the ceramic transformer due to temperature rise during a support
forming operation can be avoided, and there appears no lowering of
voltage step-up ratio and power efficiency of the transformer
through a support forming the manufacturing 8c installing
operation. high-molecular
Further, because the support is assuredly secured at the node point
around the ceramic body while cooling, it does not disposition or
displace even if a mechanical shock is subjected thereto. It will
also be apparent that the manufacturing and mounting processes are
very simple and the present method is very effective on the
property of the ceramic transformer and the manufacturing cost
thereof.
* * * * *