U.S. patent number 3,620,246 [Application Number 05/001,777] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-16 for plumbing apparatus.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Behring Corporation, Ft. Lauderdale, FL. Invention is credited to William A. Shoquist.
United States Patent |
3,620,246 |
|
November 16, 1971 |
PLUMBING APPARATUS
Abstract
Plumbing apparatus for draining water from tubs and commodes or
the like in a limited vertical space and with a single sewer
connection, the apparatus including a connector having four arms,
one of which has two inlets, with a sewer drain line connected to
one arm, commode drain lines connected to two other arms, and tub
drain lines connected to the two inlets of the fourth arm.
Inventors: |
William A. Shoquist (Pompano
Beach, FL) |
Assignee: |
Behring Corporation, Ft.
Lauderdale, FL (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
21697794 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/001,777 |
Filed: |
January 9, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/357; 4/211;
4/663; 52/34; 285/133.11 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E03C
1/122 (20130101); E03C 1/01 (20130101); Y10T
137/6969 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E03C
1/01 (20060101); E03C 1/00 (20060101); E03C
1/122 (20060101); A47k 004/00 (); F16l
005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/357,362
;285/150,153,155,156 ;4/2,211,212 ;52/79,34,35 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Henry T. Klinksiek
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Settle and Oltman
Claims
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. A plumbing tree for a factory-built modular building having
frame means supporting a floor with only limited vertical space
available under the floor within the frame means, said plumbing
tree comprising a. connector means having first and second conduits
in substantial axial alignment and each lying in a plane pitched
only slightly relative to a reference plane which corresponds to
horizontal, and third and fourth conduits projecting laterally and
oppositely from said first and second conduits substantially in the
plane thereof, said second conduit having at least two inlets, and
said second, third and fourth conduits communicating into said
first conduit, b. sewer drain line means connected to said first
conduit, c. first and second tub drain line means connected
respectively to said two inlets of said second conduit and
projecting oppositely substantially parallel to said first and
second conduits, said first tub drain line being pitched
substantially the same as said second conduit, and said second tub
drain being pitched oppositely relative to said first tub drain, so
that both of said tub drains provide flow into said second conduit
and yet remain within the confines of said limited vertical space,
d. first and second commode drain line means connected respectively
to said third and fourth conduits and projecting laterally and
oppositely from said first and second conduits, e. said conduits
and said line means having a generally planar configuration to fit
within the confines of the said space within said frame means.
2. The plumbing tree as claimed in claim 1 in which one of said tub
drain line means crosses one of said third and fourth conduits or
the commode drain line means connected thereto.
3. The plumbing tree as claimed in claim 1 in which said second
conduit also has a vent opening facing at slightly less than a
right angle to the plane of said first and second conduits.
4. In a module of a building having frame means supporting a floor
with only limited vertical space under the floor within the frame
means, a plumbing tree mounted within the vertical confines of said
space under a wall and serving to drain two bathrooms on opposite
sides of said wall having two commodes generally opposite each
other on opposite sides of said wall and two tubs spaced from each
other on opposite sides of said commodes, said plumbing tree
comprising a. connector means having first and second arms in
substantial axial alignment and third and fourth arms projecting in
generally opposite directions from said first and second arms, said
first and second arms each lying in a plane pitched only slightly
relative to the horizontal plane, and said third and fourth arms
lying in the horizontal plane, b. a pair of inlets leading into
said second arm, c. first and second drain lines leading from said
tubs respectively to said two inlets of said second arm, said first
tub drain line being generally axially aligned with and pitched
substantially the same as said second arm, and said second tub
drain line being pitched oppositely relative to said first tub
drain line but only slightly pitched relative to horizontal, so
that both of said tub drain lines provide flow into said second arm
and yet remain within the confines of said vertical space below
said floor, d. first and second commode drain lines connected
respectively to said third and fourth arms and projecting laterally
and oppositely in a horizontal plane from said first and second
arms, e. a sewer drain line connected to said first arm and pitched
substantially the same as said first arm in axial alignment
therewith, f. said arms and said lines having a generally planar
configuration and lying entirely within the confines of said space
under said floor within said frame means so that said module can be
transported without interference of the plumbing tree with the
transporting means.
5. The plumbing tree as claimed in claim 4 in which said second arm
has a vent leading upward through the floor of the module, and said
bathrooms have sinks above floor level with drains leading into
said vent.
6. The plumbing tree as claimed in claim 5 in which the pitch of
said second tub drain line causes said second tub drain line to
cross over the top of said third arm.
7. The plumbing tree as claimed in claim 4 in which said inlets are
on opposite sides of said second arm in horizontal alignment and
said third and fourth arms are on opposite sides of said second arm
in horizontal alignment.
Description
Considerable effort is being put forth at the present time to
develop new ways of building homes and other buildings. One of the
promising approaches is modular construction. In this approach,
modules for homes or other buildings are built in a factory in a
completed or nearly completed condition, and are then transported
to the home site where two or more modules are assembled together
into a complete building.
In such modular construction it is desirable for all plumbing to be
located in a single module to eliminate any need for plumbing
interconnections between modules. In a particular modular home
which serves as an illustration, two bathrooms are provided in a
single module, the bathrooms being accessible from adjoining
bedrooms. The bath tubs, commodes and sinks in these two bathrooms
must have drainage plumbing, and this plumbing should connect into
a sewer drain line beneath the floor of the module. One problem is
that only a very limited vertical space is available beneath the
module. The floor of the module is supported by frame means, and
the plumbing connections must be made within the vertical limits of
the frame means, and in a particular module this vertical height is
only about 8 inches. The plumbing cannot project below the frame
means because the frame means must be mounted on a truck when the
modules are transported.
The present invention provides plumbing apparatus, in particular a
plumbing tree, which serves to drain water from tubs, commodes and
sinks of two bathrooms and empty the water into a single sewer
connection, the plumbing tree being generally planar so as to
occupy only a very limited vertical space. In a particular
embodiment, the plumbing tree includes a connector having four
arms, one of which has two inlets, with a sewer drain line
connected to one arm, commode drain lines connected to two other
arms, and tub drain lines connected to the two inlets of the fourth
arm. A vent is provided which can be connected by a vertical line
to a roof outlet and into which sink drains may empty above floor
level, but this is an optional feature. Thus, with this plumbing
tree, all drainage needed for two complete bathrooms is compacted
into a generally planar structure which meets the space limitations
of a modular building.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a
plumbing tree particularly suitable for modular homes or other
modular buildings.
Another object of the invention is to provide a plumbing tree of a
generally planar configuration.
A further object of the invention is to provide plumbing apparatus
wherein tub drain lines and commode drain lines are tied into a
main sewer drain line in direct fashion without complicated
plumbing connections.
Still another, and no less important object of the invention, is to
provide a central plumbing tree occupying only little vertical
space but fanning out to diversely located tub and commode
drains.
Other objects of this invention will appear from the following
description and appended claims, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification wherein
like reference characters designate corresponding parts in the
several views.
ON THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view of two bathrooms included in a module with
which the plumbing tree of the invention may be used;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a plumbing tree in accordance with one
embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the plumbing tree; and
FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the plumbing tree mounted beneath
the floor of a module for a modular home.
Before explaining the present invention in detail, it is to be
understood that the invention is not limited in its application to
the details of construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in
the accompanying drawings, since the invention is capable of other
embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways.
Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology
employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of
limitation.
AS SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS
The bathrooms shown in FIG. 1 are particularly suitable for use in
a module of a modular home, but the invention is not necessarily
limited to this application. These particular bathrooms include
tubs 10 and 12, commodes 14 and 16, and sinks 18 and 20. The tub
drains are 22 and 24, the commode drains are 26 and 28, and the
sink drains are at 30 and 32. In the wall 34 between the two
bathrooms, there is a vent stack 36 which exhausts at the roof of
the module. It is desired to empty all of the drains and the vent
stack into a single plumbing tree which can be located in a limited
vertical space beneath the floor of the two bathrooms.
FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 illustrate a plumbing tree which will accomplish
all of the drainage required for the bathrooms of FIG. 1. The
plumbing tree includes a connector generally designated 38 which is
of a T-Y type. The connector 38 has four arms 40, 42, 44 and 46.
The arm 40 is connected to a main sewer drain line 48. A branch
line 50 leads into the main sewer drain line 48 from a kitchen
sink, but this connection is optional and may be omitted if
desired. Where line 50 is used, a branching fitting 51 may be
inserted in line 48.
The arms 42 and 44 are side arms which form a Y, and it may be seen
that they project in generally opposite directions relative to arm
40. The arms 42 and 44 are connected respectively to commode drain
lines 52 and 54. Commode drain line 52 has a terminal elbow 55 with
a mouth 56 which turns upward and is connected to commode drain 26
of FIG. 1. Commode drain line 54 has terminal elbow 57 with a mouth
58 turned up for connection to the other commode drain 28 of FIG.
1. The mouths 56 and 58 are located approximately at the level of
the floor 60 as shown in FIG. 4. It may be seen in FIG. 4 that the
main drain line 48 has a terminal elbow 61 with a down turned
outlet 62 adapted to be connected to a main sewer line 64 shown in
dashed lines beneath the module. The mouth 62 is located
approximately at the lower boundary 66 of the frame of the module.
The entire plumbing tree fits within the vertical space between
floor 60 and frame boundary 66, and in a particular module this
distance is only about 8 inches. Thus, the plumbing tree must
provide fanned out connections to all of the drains shown in FIG. 1
and still have appropriate pitch for the various lines. For
example, the pitch of line 48 may be about one-fourth inch per foot
of length.
The arm 46 includes a T fitting 68 having two inlets 70 and 72.
Connected to the two inlets 70 and 72 respectively are two tub
drain lines 74 and 76. At the ends of the tub drain lines 74 and 76
are traps 78 and 80, and these traps have mouths 82 and 84 which
are adapted to be connected respectively to the tub drains 22 and
24. The tub drain line 74 projects away from arm 46 in general
alignment therewith, and the other tub drain line 76 projects
oppositely from line 74 generally parallel to the main sewer line
48 and crossing over sidearm 44. All of the arms and lines are
generally coplanar, but as may be seen in FIG. 4, arm 76 is pitched
oppositely relative to arm 74 to provide proper drainage from the
tub drains 22 and 24 to the inlets 70 and 72. The arms 74 and 76
may have a pitch of say one-eighth inch per foot of length by way
of example.
The T fitting 68 has a vent opening 86 which communicates through
the vent stack 36 with the vent at the roof of the module. The sink
drains 32 and 30 may empty into the vent stack 36 above the floor
60 by means of piping 31, 33 (FIG. 1).
In operation, water draining from commodes 14 and 16 passes through
drains 26 and 28 into lines 52 and 54 and from there through arms
42 and 44 to arm 40 which feeds the water to the main sewer drain
line 48. Similarly, water draining from tubs 10 and 12 passes
through drains 22 and 24 into tub drain lines 74 and 76 and from
there into T fitting 68 which is really an extension of and part of
the arm 46. The water goes from arm 46 through arm 40 and fitting
51 into the main sewer line 48. Water draining from the sinks 30
and 32 passes through pipes (not shown) above the floor into stack
36 and from there into T fitting 68. This water then flows through
arm 46, arm 40 and fitting 51 into sewer drain line 48 for
discharge to an underground sewerline. Kitchen water flows through
line 50 into fitting 51 and from there into line 48. It may be seen
that line 48, fitting 51, arm 40 and arm 46 form a main flow path,
and the other arms and lines drain into this main flow path.
Thus, the invention provides a plumbing tree for draining water
from tubs and commodes in a limited vertical space and with a
single sewer connection. The entire plumbing tree is generally
planar to accommodate the small vertical space available, and yet
adequate pitch is provided for proper drainage from distributed
drains. A vent is included, and auxiliary connections above floor
level may be accommodated.
* * * * *