U.S. patent number 3,619,537 [Application Number 05/079,919] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-09 for high-frequency heating device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Tomoyuki Hosokawa, Shigeru Kusunoki, Hazime Mori.
United States Patent |
3,619,537 |
Hosokawa , et al. |
November 9, 1971 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
HIGH-FREQUENCY HEATING DEVICE
Abstract
A high-frequency heating device in which an electromagnetic
contactor for controlling a high-voltage circuit of a
high-frequency wave oscillator is provided with a touch switch
circuit which is energized by detecting an electric variation
caused when brought into contact with a human body, and said
electromagnetic contactor is controlled when a human body touches
and leaves contact electrodes provided in said touch switch
circuit.
Inventors: |
Hosokawa; Tomoyuki (Nara,
JA), Mori; Hazime (Toyonaka, JA), Kusunoki;
Shigeru (Kyoto, JA) |
Assignee: |
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.,
Ltd. (Osaka, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
27249423 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/079,919 |
Filed: |
October 12, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
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Oct 18, 1969 [JA] |
|
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44/83415 |
Nov 20, 1969 [JA] |
|
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44/110738 |
Dec 8, 1969 [JA] |
|
|
44/98798 |
Dec 8, 1969 [JA] |
|
|
44/98799 |
Dec 29, 1969 [JA] |
|
|
45/288 |
Dec 29, 1969 [JA] |
|
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45/682 |
Dec 29, 1969 [JA] |
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45/750 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
219/723; 219/702;
200/600 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H03K
17/9645 (20130101); H05B 6/666 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H03K
17/94 (20060101); H03K 17/96 (20060101); H05B
6/76 (20060101); H05B 6/66 (20060101); H05b
009/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;219/10.55
;200/DIG.1 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Truhe; J. V.
Assistant Examiner: Jaeger; Hugh D.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A high-frequency heating device comprising a door, a handle on
said door, a high-frequency wave oscillator, an electromagnetic
contactor for controlling a high-voltage circuit of said
high-frequency-wave oscillator, and a touch switch provided on said
handle and in an exciting circuit of said electromagnetic contactor
which is controlled by said touch switch as a human body touches
and leaves said touch switch whereby said high-voltage circuit is
deactuated upon contact of the human body with said handle and
actuated upon the human body leaving contact with said handle.
2. A high-frequency heating device according to claim 1, in which
said touch switch consists of a Darlington pair having at least two
transistors; a plurality of contact electrodes with one terminal
connected to the terminals of the same polarity of said Darlington
pair and the other to the bases of the transistors constituting
said Darlington pair; a capacitor for smoothing the current
detected by said contact electrodes and amplified by said
Darlington pair; a Schmitt circuit having at least two transistors
and which reverses the on-off state of said transistors when a
voltage is applied to it; and a relay which is energized by the
current amplified by said Schmitt circuit; said Darlington pair and
Schmitt circuit amplifying electrical variations caused when a
human body is brought into contact with said contact electrodes,
thereby to energize said relay and to cut off the exciting circuit
of said electromagnetic contactor.
3. A high-frequency heating device according to claim 1, in which
said touch switch consists of a smoothing circuit comprising a
diode and capacitor inserted in the secondary of an insulating
transformer; a constant voltage element and a series circuit
including a relay coil and a transistor, connected in parallel with
said capacitor; and contact electrodes connected respectively with
the collector and base of said transistor; said contact electrode
connected to the collector of said transistor being grounded.
4. A high-frequency heating device according to claims 2 and 3, in
which each of said electrodes is disposed on each of the grips of a
door handle, said electrodes being separated from each other by a
space interposed therebetween.
5. A high-frequency heating device according to claim 1, in which
said touch switch is connected with a DC power supply comprising a
current-limiting resistor, full-wave-rectifying diodes,
constant-voltage element and smoothing capacitor which are in turn
connected with a relay in series with a Darlington pair, the base
of the forward transistor of said Darlington pair being provided
with contact electrodes.
6. A high-frequency heating device according to claim 1, in which
said touch switch consists of an AC power supply connected with the
primary winding of an insulating transformer, and a series circuit
comprising variable-impedance elements including a diode, relay and
transistor connected with the secondary winding thereof, the side
of said series circuit from which a DC current flows in being
grounded and the base of said transistor being connected with
contact electrodes.
7. A high-frequency heating device in which the exciting coil of an
electromagnetic contactor in series with a touch switch on a door
handle is connected with the power supply side of said
electromagnetic contactor for controlling a high-voltage circuit of
high-frequency oscillator; a relay coil is connected in parallel
with said series circuit; said parallel circuit is connected in
series with a second parallel circuit consisting of a normally open
contact for said relay coil and a starting switch; and the second
parallel circuit is connected through a door switch to the power
supply whereby said high-voltage circuit is deactuated upon contact
of the human body with said handle and actuated upon the human body
leaving contact with said handle.
Description
The present invention relates to a high-frequency heating device,
and its primary object is to provide a high-frequency heating
device which, provided with a contact switch in an electromagnetic
contactor circuit for detecting an electric variation caused when
brought into contact with a human body, stops the output of a
high-frequency oscillator controlled by said electromagnetic
contactor as soon as a human body touches the contact electrodes of
the touch switch, for example, in opening or closing a door,
thereby to protect the human body as well as communications
equipment.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a contact
switch which is energized without fail at a slight touch through
two contact electrodes, the contact of the human body with said
contact electrodes being detected and a corresponding voltage being
amplified by a Darlington pair and further amplified by a Schmitt
circuit to open the exciting circuit of the electromagnetic
contactor.
Another object of the present invention is to control variations in
source voltage and to provide a common circuit consisting of one of
said contact electrodes and the grounded side of the power circuit
in the above-described touch switch.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a touch
switch in which an erroneous response to the dust or vapor attached
on the contact electrodes is eliminated for stable operation and in
which the dirt and dust are easily cleaned off the electrodes.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a touch
switch which controls the exciting circuit of the electromagnetic
contactor by amplifying a slight current flowing from the earth
through the human body to the electrodes.
Still another object of the invention is to obtain the same
electrical characteristics regardless of a grounded power supply
concerning the touch switch mentioned in the foregoing
paragraph.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a
self-maintaining circuit which saves the trouble of depressing a
starting switch after carelessly touching the touch switch.
The above and other objects, features and advantages will be made
apparent by the detailed description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a main circuit of a high-frequency
heating device embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an electric circuit diagram of an embodiment of the
touch switch circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of
the above-mentioned touch switch circuit;
FIG. 4a shows a side view of a handle of an oven door provided with
the contact electrodes shown in FIGS. 2 and 3;
FIG. 4b shows a plan of the handle as shown in FIG. 4a;
FIG. 4c is a cross-sectional view of the handle in the plane B--B'
as shown in FIG. 4a;
FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram of a high-frequency heating
device showing another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of
the touch switch as shown in FIG. 5; and
FIG. 7 is an electric circuit diagram showing still another
embodiment of the high-frequency heating device according to the
present invention.
The basic circuit of the high-frequency heating device according to
the invention is shown in FIG. 1, in which the main circuit
consists of a closed circuit including the power supply terminal 1,
contact 2, contact piece 3, contact 4, the primary winding of the
transformer 5, terminal 6, contact 7, contact piece 8, contact 9,
terminal 10, door switch 11 and the power supply terminal 12.
Numeral 5 shows a boosting transformer, the secondary voltage of
which is applied to the load 14 or a high-frequency oscillator.
Numeral 13 shows a normally open switch used as a starting switch.
Numeral 15 shows a touch switch circuit which is energized by
detecting contact with a human body. Numeral 16 shows an exciting
coil of an electromagnetic contactor consisting of the contacts 2,
4, 7 and 9 and the contact pieces 3 and 8. Numeral 11 shows a door
switch which is opened as the door is opened.
Referring now to the operation of the circuit of the above
construction, the starting switch 13 is closed after closing the
door and short circuiting the door switch 11. Then a closed circuit
is formed which consists of the power terminal 1, contact 2,
exciting coil 16, touch switch 15, contact 7, terminal 6, starting
switch 13, terminal 10, door switch 11 and power supply terminal
12, thereby energizing the electromagnetic contactor and closing
the main circuit. Under these condition, even if the starting
switch 13 is opened, the main circuit is maintained closed as a
closed circuit has been formed which consists of the power supply
terminal 1, contact 2, exciting coil 16, touch switch 15, contact
7, contact piece 8, contact 9, terminal 10, door switch 11 and
power supply terminal 12. However, the main circuit is opened when
the touch switch circuit 15 is energized by being brought into
contact with a human body. After that, the main circuit is closed
again if the starting switch is depressed.
An embodiment of the touch switch circuit shown in FIG. 1 by a
block is illustrated in FIG. 2. This touch switch is energized by a
light touch on two adjacent contact pieces. An AC power supply is
connected with the diode 17, the capacitor 18, the Schmitt circuit
33 consisting of the resistors 19, 20, 22 and 23, relay 25,
transistors 21, and 24, and the Darlington pair consisting of the
transistors 27 and 28. The base of the transistor 28 is connected
with the contact electrode 32, and the collector thereof with the
contact electrode 31 through the resistor 29. The contact of the
relay 25, incidentally, is connected, as required, with the
exciting coil 16 of the electromagnetic contactor for the
high-frequency oscillator.
The source voltage is rectified and smoothed by the diode 17 and
capacitor 18, and applied to the well-known Schmitt circuit 33. The
transistor 24 in the Schmitt circuit is in an "off" state as long
as no signal is applied to it. Even in such a condition, however,
the transistor 21 is maintained conducting as a base current flows
in the closed circuit consisting of the power supply, relay 25,
resistor 20, the emitter and base of the transistor 21 and resistor
23. When the electrodes 31 and 32 are bridged by a finger or hand,
the source voltage is also applied to the resistor 29, the
resistance of the finger or hand and the resistor 30, and therefore
the small current flowing between the electrodes 31 and 32 is
amplified by the transistors 27 and 28, smoothed by the capacitor
26 and applied to the transistor 24, thereby energizing the
transistor 24. As a result, the voltage between the base and
emitter of the transistor 21 becomes almost zero, which cuts off
the transistors 21. In this way, one of the two transistors in the
Schmitt circuit is normally maintained on while the other is off,
and this state is rapidly reversed, namely, the former transistor
is turned off and the latter on when a signal is applied. It
follows therefore that, by inserting a relay coil 25 as a load of
the transistor 24, a switching operation of the electromagnetic
contactor circuit can be accomplished.
Although the surface resistance of a hand touching the electrodes
varies according to the race and the manner in which the hand is
touched, there is no problem if the circuit constant is set so as
to trigger the circuit at the maximum value of the variations. The
touch switch of the above construction is applicable to any
electrical equipment including a television set and fan as well as
a high-frequency heater, whenever required by the use of such a
device.
Another embodiment of the touch switch circuit 15 as shown in FIG.
1 is illustrated in FIG. 3. The electric circuit of this touch
switch starts a controlling operation by bridging the two contact
electrodes at a light touch. This embodiment features a stabilizing
operation despite variations in the source voltage and the direct
connection of one of the contact electrodes with the grounded side
of the power supply.
In FIG. 3, numeral 34 shows an insulating transformer for voltage
reduction, numeral 35 a diode, numeral 36 a smoothing capacitor,
numeral 37 a constant voltage element, numeral 38 relay coil,
numeral 39 a transistor, numerals 40 and 41 contact electrodes,
numeral 42 a biasing resistor and numeral 43 an AC power supply.
The primary of the insulating transformer 34 is connected across
the AC power supply 43, the secondary thereof being connected
through the diode 35 with a parallel circuit consisting of the
capacitor 36, constant voltage element 37 and the series-connected
relay coil 38 and transistor 39. The junction point between the
diode 35 and the relay coil 38 is grounded. The contact electrode
40 is connected to the grounded side of the circuit, while the
contact electrode 41 is inserted between the base and emitter of
the transistor 39.
When the electrodes 40 and 41 are bridged by a finger or hand, a
current flows in the closed circuit of the secondary side of the
transformer 34 which consists of the diode 35, contact electrode
40, surface of the finger or hand, contact electrode 41 and the
base and emitter of the transistor 39, and thereby the transistor
39 is made to conduct, causing a working current to flow in the
relay coil 38. As a consequence, the on-off control of the
electromagnetic contactor is made possible if its exciting circuit
is connected with the contact of the relay.
Further, since the positive side of the secondary is grounded, the
potential of the contact electrode 40 can be made equal to that of
the earth and therefore it is enough to insulate the other contact
electrode from the earth. This makes it possible to simplify the
construction of the contact electrodes of such an appliance as an
electronic range whose main body is grounded.
Also, since the voltage across the series circuit of the relay 38
and the transistor 39 is always maintained at a fixed level by the
constant voltage element 37, stabilized operation result regardless
of variations in the source voltage. Furthermore, the use of the
insulating transformer eliminates danger to the human body. The
arrangement of the contact electrodes as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is
exemplified in FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c. In this arrangement, false
energization due to dirt and dust or vapor adhering to the
electrodes is eliminated thereby stabilizing their operation, and
it is also easy to clean off the dirt and dust from the electrodes.
Numeral 44 shows a handle which consists of the grips 45 and 45'.
Between the grips 45 and 45' is formed the space 46. Numerals 47
and 47' show electrodes used as those shown by numerals 31 and 32
in FIG. 2 and numerals 40 and 41 in FIG. 3, which are disposed on
the lower side of the grips 45 and 45'. It is desirable that the
grips 45 and 45' be made of an insulating material such as resin,
but they may be made of a metal if they are insulated to be
utilized as the electrodes.
Another embodiment of the high-frequency heating device equipped
with a touch switch circuit is shown in FIG. 5. Contacts of an
electromagnetic contactor in series with the primary of a
high-voltage transformer constitute a main circuit, and a coil for
energizing the electromagnetic contactor in series with the relay
contacts of a touch switch constitute a touch switch circuit. The
feature of this embodiment is that when a finger or hand touches a
plate provided at a door handle or other part of the main body of
the high-frequency heating device, said relay contacts are opened
to stop the generation of a high-frequency electric wave. In this
way, the leakage of the high-frequency electric wave is prevented
at the time of opening the door, improving the safety of the
high-frequency heating device. In FIG. 5, numeral 48 shows a power
switch, numeral 49 an electromagnetic contactor, numeral 50 a high
voltage transformer, numeral 51 a coil for the electromagnetic
contactor, numeral 52 a cooking switch, numeral 53 a door switch,
numeral 54 a time switch and numeral 55 a self-maintaining relay.
The symbol A shows a touch switch control section which consists of
current-limiting resistors 56 and 58, full-rectifying diode 57,
constant-voltage varistor 59, smoothing capacitor 60, relay 61 with
the normally closed contact 61a for the touch switch, transistors
62 and 63 making up a Darlington pair, safety resistor 64 for
protecting the human body, and the touch plate 65 provided on the
door handle of the high-frequency heating device.
Assume now that, after shutting the door, the cooking switch 52 is
depressed with the door switch 53, power switch 48 and time switch
54 closed. Then, the self-maintaining relay 55 is energized and the
contact 55a is closed to achieve self-maintenance. At the same
time, the coil 51 of the electromagnetic contactor is energized and
the contacts 49a and 49b are closed. As a result, a current flows
in the high-voltage transformer 50, thereby generating a
high-frequency wave through the high-frequency wave oscillator
inserted in the secondary of the high-voltage transformer 50. At
this time, if the door handle is touched to open the door, a small
current flows through the grounded power supply, human body, plate
65, safety resistor 64, the base and emitter of transistors 62 and
63, diode 57 and the other power supply. This current is amplified
by the Darlington pair of transistors 62 and 63, causing a current
to flow through the relay 61 and open the contact 61a. As a
consequence, the coil 51 of the electromagnetic contactor is
deenergized and the contacts 49a and 49b of the electromagnetic
contactor 49 are opened, thereby stopping the generation of the
high-frequency wave. Therefore, it never happens that electric
waves leak out so long as the door remains open. In addition, when
the door is opened, the door switch 53 is opened and therefore the
current stops flowing through the self-maintaining relay 55. As a
result, the contact 55a is opened to release the self-maintained
circuit. Therefore, the high-frequency power supply cannot be
switched on unless the cooking switch 52 is depressed after closing
the door again.
As can be seen from the above description, the coil for energizing
the electromagnetic contactor which constitutes a part of the touch
switch circuit is provided independently of the main circuit which
consists of the contacts of the electromagnetic contactor in series
with the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer.
Therefore, no large current flows in the cooking switch. Also, when
the touch plate 65 located on the handle of the high-frequency
heating device is brought into contact with a finger or hand, said
relay contact is opened in such a manner as to stop the generation
of high-frequency electric waves. As a consequence, the opening of
the door always causes the power supply to be cut off, which
completely eliminates the leakage of electric waves, greatly
contributing to the safety of the device.
Another embodiment of the contact switch as shown in FIG. 5 is
illustrated in FIG. 6. This embodiment relates to a contact switch
in which, when a human body touches the electrodes, a small current
flowing from the earth through the human body to the electrodes is
amplified to energize a relay for a switching operation. With a
simple circuit arrangement, the touch switch circuit according to
this embodiment maintains the same characteristics regardless of a
grounded power supply. The primary of the insulating transformer 67
is connected between the terminals 66 and 66' of an AC power
supply, the secondary thereof being connected with a series circuit
consisting of the diode 69, relay 70 and transistor 71. The
terminal 68 of the secondary is grounded. Numeral 72 shows an
electrode connected with the base of the transistor 71. Since
either side of a pole transformer for the house-service power
supply is grounded, the problem of polarity arises for those
appliances which require frequent plug-inserting and -pulling out
operations. However, no such problem arises in the present
embodiment because it employs the insulating transformer 67 for the
power supply and also the terminal 68 is grounded. If the power
supply terminal 66 is grounded, a closed circuit is formed which
consists of a terminal 68, human body, electrode 72, base and
emitter of the transistor 71 and the terminal 68', and thereby the
transistor is turned on energizing the relay. Also, if the power
supply terminal 66' is grounded, a closed circuit is formed which
consists of the terminal 68, a human body, electrode 72, the base
and emitter of the transistor 71 and terminal 68', thereby making
the transistor conductive. Therefore, a low-cost, high-precision
touch switch free from the problem of polarity can be obtained.
An electrical circuit diagram of still another embodiment of the
high-frequency heating device according to the invention is shown
in FIG. 7. In a circuit arrangement which provides a touch switch
in addition to a circuit for opening and closing a load by means of
an electromagnetic contactor, the main circuit is cut off when a
hand or finger touches the handle for purposes other than opening
the door, and therefore a starting switch has to be inconveniently
depressed each time a continued heating operation is desired. The
present embodiment is aimed at obviating this disadvantage by
combining the starting switch with a self-maintaining relay
contact.
In FIG. 7, the main circuit consists of the power supply terminal
73, contact 74, contact piece 75, contact 76, the primary of the
transformer 77, contact 78, contact piece 79, contact 80, terminal
81, door switch 82 and power supply terminal 83. Numeral 86 shows
an exciting coil of the electromagnetic contactor, numeral 89 a
touch switch, numeral 87 a relay coil and numeral 85 a normally
open contact of said relay, the relay coil 87 and the normally open
contact 85 being interlocked with each other. Numeral 84 shows a
starting switch. Assume now that, in the above construction, the
power supply is switched on and the door is closed. Then the door
switch 82 is closed. After that, by depressing the starting switch
84, a closed circuit is formed which consists of the power supply
terminal 73, contact 74, exciting coil 86, touch switch 89,
starting switch 84, terminal 81, door switch 82 and power supply
terminal 83, whereby the electromagnetic contactor is energized,
thereby to switch on the main circuit. At this time, a voltage is
applied also to the relay coil 87 and as a result the normally open
relay contact 85 is closed. Under this condition, the main circuit
remains closed if the starting switch 84 is opened. If, however, a
hand or finger touches the door handle, the touch switch provided
on the handle is opened and the electromagnetic contactor is
deenergized, thereby opening the main circuit. But as soon as the
hand is detached from the handle to close the touch switch 89, the
main circuit is closed. In this way, this embodiment saves the
trouble of depressing the starting switch 84 again after touching
the door handle for purposes other than opening the door. This
condition continues until the door switch 82 is cut off by opening
the door, contributing to the more convenient use of a
high-frequency heating device.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described
embodiments but covers all the high-frequency heating devices which
stop oscillation of a high-frequency wave by detecting an
electrical variation caused when brought into contact with a human
body.
* * * * *