U.S. patent number 3,617,727 [Application Number 04/751,578] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-02 for illuminating device with a rechargeable battery or a mains supply power source.
Invention is credited to Stanley Balfour-Lynn.
United States Patent |
3,617,727 |
Balfour-Lynn |
November 2, 1971 |
ILLUMINATING DEVICE WITH A RECHARGEABLE BATTERY OR A MAINS SUPPLY
POWER SOURCE
Abstract
This disclosure relates to an illuminating device, primarily for
use as a book reader, in which a slightly tapering transparent
sheet is illuminated edgewise by low-intensity lamps in a housing
extending along its thicker edge. The sheet is placed flat against
the book page to be read, the page being illuminated by light
internally reflected from the front surface of the transparent
sheet and being read through the transparent sheet. Circuits are
described for alternatively energizing the lamps from the mains
supply and a rechargeable battery.
Inventors: |
Balfour-Lynn; Stanley (London,
W.8., EN) |
Family
ID: |
25022631 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/751,578 |
Filed: |
August 9, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
362/20;
362/551 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21L
15/06 (20130101); B42D 9/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B42D
9/00 (20060101); F21l () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/1EI,2D,37.1,1.6R,37,2P,1.64NB ;320/11 ;315/206,363,50,51,90,92
;317/156 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Matthews; Samuel S.
Assistant Examiner: Mauro; T. A.
Claims
I claim:
1. An illuminating device comprising a generally rectangular sheet
of transparent material of which both opposite surfaces are flat
smooth and polished, said sheet tapering slightly in thickness from
one edge to a thinner opposite edge, and a housing containing at
least one low-voltage low-intensity lamp disposed along the thicker
edge of the sheet and arranged to illuminate said edge of the
sheet, the arrangement being such that the light projected into the
sheet is internally reflected from one surface thereof so that a
part of the light passes out of the sheet through the other surface
thereof, said other surface being free from obstruction so that it
can be placed flat against a surface to be illuminated with only
low light intensity sufficient to enable it to be viewed by looking
through the transparent sheet.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing is provided
with apertures to allow air to circulate therethrough to cool said
at least one lamp and the housing, light baffles preventing any
substantial amount of light from being emitted through said
apertures.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1 in combination with a stepdown
mains transformer having primary and secondary windings, a flexible
cable connecting said secondary winding to the device to provide
current for energizing said at least one lamp, a battery as an
alternative source of current for said at least one lamp, and a
relay which is assembled as a unit with the transformer and is
connected in circuit with said secondary winding and, when
energized, closes normally open contacts in the circuit to the
primary winding of the transformer, and a remote control switch
which, when closed, completes a circuit from the battery and
through the flexible cable to energize the relay, the relay
remaining energized, when said switch is reopened, so long as the
secondary current flows therethrough.
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said battery is
rechargeable and a rectifier is provided connectable in a circuit
in series with the battery and said secondary winding for charging
the battery, and the housing carries a switch for connecting said
at least one lamp across the poles of the battery.
5. A device as claimed in claim 1, in combination with a stepdown
mains transformer having a primary and a secondary winding, a
flexible cable connecting said secondary winding to the device to
provide current for energizing said at least one lamp, a
rechargeable battery in series with a charging rectifier connected
across said secondary winding in parallel with said at least one
lamp, and a relay which is assembled as a unit with the transformer
and when energized, closes normally open contacts in the circuit to
the primary winding of the transformer, a remote control switch
which, when closed, completes a circuit from the battery and
through the flexible cable to energize the relay, said relay being
connected with said secondary winding so as to remain energized,
when said switch is reopened, so long as the secondary current
flows.
6. An illuminating device as claimed in claim 4, and including
means for assisting dissipation of the heat generated by said at
least one lamp; a frame carrying said at least one lamp, a
compartment for said battery and said switch and the associated
electrical connections and forming a subassembly insertable as a
unit in said housing; means rendering opaque the edges of said
transparent sheet other than said thicker edge.
7. A device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the housing is provided
with apertures to allow cooling air to circulate therethrough, and
at least one light baffle for preventing substantial escape of
light through said apertures, said at least one baffle constituting
a reflector for directing light from said at least one lamp towards
the edge of the transparent sheet and being carried by said frame,
and wherein said one surface of the transparent sheet is formed as
a semitransparent mirror.
8. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one lamp,
a compartment for housing a battery, a control switch and the
associated electrical circuitry and connections are carried on a
frame insertable as a unit into said housing.
9. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a backplate is provided
adjacent said other surface of the transparent sheet for holding a
sheet to be illuminated close against said other surface, said
backplate being pivoted to the housing and being urged by a spring
towards said other surface of the sheet, and at least one of the
surfaces of said backplate comprising a mirror.
10. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing forms part
of a picture frame of which the transparent sheet forms the front
"glass," and means mounting a picture or the like against the rear
surface of the transparent sheet.
Description
The present invention relates to an illuminating device for
enabling books and other documents to be read or viewed in a dark
room without producing substantial illumination in the room. The
device is particularly suitable for enabling a person to read in
bed at night, for example at home or in hospitals, with the minimum
of interference with other persons sleeping or resting in the same
room.
The illuminating device according to the invention consists of a
generally rectangular sheet of transparent material of a convenient
size to cover the whole or a part of the page of a book or other
document to be read, said sheet tapering slightly in thickness from
one edge to the opposite edge, and a housing containing one or more
low voltage low-intensity lamps disposed along the thicker edge of
the sheet and arranged to illuminate said edge of the sheet, the
arrangement being such that the light projected into the sheet is
internally reflected from a surface thereof (hereinafter referred
to as the upper surface) so that at least a part of the light
passes out of the sheet through the other surface thereof
(hereinafter referred to as the lower surface) said lower surface
being free from obstruction so that it can be placed flat against
the page of the book or surface of the document to be read.
By means of this device the page can be substantially uniformly
illuminated so that it can be read by looking through the
transparent sheet, while scattered light in the room remains low.
In fact the main proportion of light which is scattered in the room
arises from reflection from the page being read, so that by keeping
the intensity of the light low and sufficient only to enable easy
reading without eye-strain the amount of scattered light can be
kept to the minimum. The edges of the sheet other than where the
light passes thereinto may be rendered opaque by painting or in any
other convenient manner in order to avoid light from leaving the
device other than through the upper and lower surfaces of the
sheet.
The lamp or lamps in the housing of the device may be energized
from the mains supply through a stepdown transformer, or they may
be energized from a battery contained in the housing or in a
separate casing.
According to the feature of the invention the device is adapted to
be energized from the mains through a stepdown transformer and also
incorporates a battery which serves the purpose of an alternative
source of electric supply when a mains supply is not available
and/or for effecting remote switching on and off of the mains
supply. Preferably the battery is of the rechargeable type and is
connected so as to be chargeable from the mains supply when the
lamps are being illuminated from the mains supply and/or when the
device is not in use but is still connected to the mains
supply.
A further feature of the invention consists in providing the device
with a mirror surface to enable it also to be used as a mirror.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood,
reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a book page
illuminating device according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a section through the housing of the device along the
line A--A of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a scrap view of the housing.
FIGS. 4 and 5 are two circuit diagrams.
FIG. 6 is a sectioned perspective view of a picture illuminating
device according to the invention.
Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the device comprises a sheet 1 of a
transparent material, conveniently a transparent plastics material
such as known under the Registered Trademark "Perspex." Along one
edge of the sheet is secured an opaque housing 2 which contains one
or more small electric lamps 9, such as lamps as used in hand
torches, for illuminating the sheet edgewise. The upper surface 1a
of the sheet slopes towards the lower surface 1b in the direction
away from the illuminated edge, and the arrangement is such that
some of the light entering the sheet will be reflected internally
from the upper surface and out through the lower surface to
illuminate the page to be read, against which the lower surface of
the sheet is laid flat when the device is in use. The other edges,
3, 4 and 3' of the sheet are rendered opaque, for example by
painting. A convenient size for the sheet is 81/2".times.5", and it
may be about 1/4" thick adjacent the housing 2 and taper to about
1/16" at its other end.
The lamps are energized from the electric mains supply through a
stepdown transformer contained in a casing 6 provided with contacts
5 for plugging it into a conventional mains lighting socket, and is
connected to the lamps 9 by a flexible cable 7, preferably provided
with plug-in connections 10,11. The housing 2 may carry an
appropriate control switch or switches 12.
In order to reduce the temperature to which the housing 2 is heated
by the heat generated by the lamp or lamps 9, the housing may be
provided with ventilating apertures 8, preferably disposed in the
wall of the housing at positions above and below the lamp or lamps
when the sheet is substantially horizontal, baffles being provided
to prevent light from the lamps passing out of the housing through
the ventilation apertures. As shown in the drawing, the baffles are
constructed as reflectors 13 to guide light from the lamps 9
towards the edge of the transparent sheet 1. Alternatively separate
reflectors for this purpose may be provided in the housing. The
housing 2 is also shown as accommodating a battery 17 in a
compartment 18 accessible by removing the end cap 2a of the
housing. The compartment 18, reflectors 13 and holders for the
lamps 9 may be assembled on a spine or frame 19 and removable as a
unit from the housing 2 for servicing or lamp replacement. The
spine or frame may be conveniently carried on the other end cap 2b
of the housing and removable therewith. The switch or switches 12,
or at least the contacts thereof, is/are preferably removable with
the spine or frame and may conveniently be mounted on the end cap
2b.
The battery 17 is preferably of the rechargeable type and connected
in a circuit so that it is rechargeable from the output of the
mains transformer. The battery can be used as an alternative source
of supply for the lamps, when a mains supply is not available. It
is desirable, if the device is to be used for reading while in bed,
and especially so if the user is a patient in a hospital, that the
lamps may be switched off without the user having to get out of bed
to switch off the mains switch in order to render the device
"safe."
One suitable form of circuit is shown in FIG. 4 in which the
battery 17 is connected in series with a diode 20 and resistor 21
across the terminals 10a, 10b into which the plug 10 at one end of
the cable 7 is inserted, the plug 11 at the other end of the cable
being inserted into the terminals 11a, 11b on the casing 6
containing the stepdown transformer 22. The lamp 9 is connectable
across the battery 17 when the switch 12 is closed.
With the circuit described, the output from the transformer 22 is
rectified by the diode 20 and charges the battery. When the switch
12 is closed the lamp 9 is illuminated from the battery,
irrespective of whether or not it is being simultaneously charged
from the mains. With the circuit described there is always the
battery charging load across the output of the transformer so that
the transformer will not overheat or burn out if the lamp is
switched off and the mains switch is left on.
FIG. 5 shows another circuit in which the battery is used for the
remote control of switching on and off of the mains supply to the
transformer. To this end the casing 6 also contains a relay 23
having normally open contacts 23a in the circuit to the primary
winding of the transformer 22 and the cable 7 contains a third wire
connecting a terminal 11c on the casing 6 to a terminal 10c on the
housing 2. The relay 23 is bridged across the terminals 11a, 11c
and is also connected in series with the secondary winding of the
transformer across the terminals 11a, 11b. Terminal 10c is
connected through a normally open contact 12a to the junction
between the diode 20 and the battery 17. Between the terminal 10a
and the other pole of the battery 17 is a normally closed contact
12b. The switch 12 has a third position in which it connects the
lamp 9 to the terminal 10b.
With the circuit of FIG. 5, by momentarily closing contact 12a the
battery 17 is connected across the relay 23 which energizes and
closes its contact 23a. The transformer is thus connected to the
mains supply and the resulting current in the secondary circuit
through the charging diode 20 and the battery 17 holds the relay 23
energized when contact 12a is opened. When the switch 12 is in its
lowermost position the lamp 9 is energized direct from the mains
and the battery is simultaneously charged. In the central position
of switch 12, only battery charging takes place and the lamp 9 is
extinguished. In the upper position of the switch 12 the lamp 9 is
energized from the battery 17 which is simultaneously being
charged. By opening contact 12b the circuit through the relay 23 is
opened and consequently its contacts 23a open and the mains supply
to the transformer is cut off. The contacts 12a, 12b, which are
conveniently pushbutton operated, thus effect remote control of the
mains supply to the transformer. When the mains supply is cut off,
and also when the device is not connected to the transformer, the
lamps 9 can still be illuminated by the battery by turning the
switch 12 to its upper position.
If a nonchargeable battery is used, the circuit may be similar to
that shown in FIG. 5 but the diode 20 and resistor 21 would then be
omitted.
In order that the lower surface of the sheet 1 may be placed flat
against the page to be read, it must be kept free from obstruction.
Even if the sheet is lifted only a short distance away from the
surface of the page the intensity of illumination of the page is
seriously reduced in view of the low intensity of the light from
the lamps. If desired the device may be provided with a clip for
clipping the device on to a page of the book. This clip may itself
comprise a backplate 14 of thin rigid material of substantially the
same size as the sheet 1 so that the page to be read is held flat
between the sheet 1 and the backplate 14. The backplate may be
pivoted to the housing 2 by pivots 15, and the sheet and backplate
may be urged together by a spring 16.
The backplate 14 may have a mirror surface, or carry a mirror, on
either or both its front and rear surfaces, so that the device can
be used as a mirror as well as a book reader. The backplate 14 may
be of sheet metal with a highly polished or plated surface.
If desired the upper surface of the sheet may be silvered or
treated to form a semitransparent mirror surface. This assists in
increasing the illumination of the page and also enables the device
to be used as a mirror.
The surfaces of the sheet 1 may be processed or coated to possess
antistatic and/or antiscratch properties.
It will be appreciated that the device, instead of being used as a
book reader, can be used for illuminating other documents or
surfaces to be viewed instead of read, such as pictures, paintings
or photographs. It is only necessary to mount the picture behind
the sheet 1. The housing containing the lamps may, as shown in FIG.
6, be constructed as part of a picture frame 24 of which the sheet
forms the front "glass" behind which the picture or photograph is
mounted. The frame may be provided with means for hanging it on a
wall or supports for standing it on a surface. The frame may
incorporate a rechargeable battery as above described, so that the
frame can be stood or hung in any desired position, and
illuminated, without it being necessary to have an electric cable
leading thereto while it is illuminated.
While particular embodiments have been described, it will be
understood that various modifications may be made without departing
from the scope of the invention. For example, instead of being made
of a transparent plastics material, the sheet 1 may be made of
glass. Moreover, the rectifier and resistor of the charging circuit
may be incorporated in the casing 6 instead of in the housing
2.
* * * * *