U.S. patent number 3,617,056 [Application Number 05/012,273] was granted by the patent office on 1971-11-02 for inertia starter dumbbell exercising system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Southwestern Research Corporation. Invention is credited to Robert J. Herbold.
United States Patent |
3,617,056 |
Herbold |
November 2, 1971 |
INERTIA STARTER DUMBBELL EXERCISING SYSTEM
Abstract
An exercising device provided which utilizes the precession
effect exhibited by masses rotating at a relatively high angular
velocity to resist changes in orientation of the axis of rotation.
The device contains only the inertial elements which utilize a
separate electric motor unit to accelerate the mass, the inertia of
which provides the desired effect for several minutes after which
it may again easily be accelerated for further use. The
acceleration of the mass is accomplished by a clutch on the end of
the electric motor shaft which is removably engageable with a
rotatably mounted shaft which has the masses mounted thereon. Once
the shaft and the mass has been caused to rotate at the required
speed the clutch is disengaged from the rotating shaft. The shaft
and the masses are rotatably mounted in a housing with a handgrip
portion.
Inventors: |
Herbold; Robert J. (Scottsdale,
AZ) |
Assignee: |
Southwestern Research
Corporation (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
21754178 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/012,273 |
Filed: |
February 18, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/108; 74/6;
482/110; 446/233 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
21/22 (20130101); A63B 21/00196 (20130101); A63B
21/222 (20151001); A63B 21/0726 (20130101); A63B
21/06 (20130101); Y10T 74/13 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
21/00 (20060101); A63B 21/22 (20060101); A63b
011/06 (); A63b 011/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;272/84,57 ;74/6
;46/50 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Browne; William R.
Claims
I claim:
1. An exercise system including:
A. a housing;
B. handle means secured to said housing;
C. a shaft;
D. a mass affixed to and circumferentially disposed about said
shaft within said housing, said shaft and said mass being supported
by bearings for rotation within said housing, said mass and said
shaft being dynamically balanced about their axis of rotation, said
mass and said shaft being of such a size and weight as to be
manually movable during an exercise program; and
E. motive means for accelerating said mass to an angular velocity
sufficient to impart pronounced precessional resistance to change
in position of the axis of rotation of said mass and said shaft,
said motive means being removably engageable with said shaft, and
said mass comprising weights fixed to the respective ends of said
shaft.
2. The exercise system of claim 1 in which said motive means
comprises an electric motor disposed in an energizing unit housing,
said electric motor being provided with an output shaft extending
beyond said energizing unit housing, and means on the end of the
electric motor shaft in the unit housing for temporarily coupling
said motor output shaft to said mass.
3. The exercise system of claim 2 which includes switch means
responsive to the temporary coupling between said motor output
shaft and said mass for correspondingly temporarily energizing said
electric motor.
4. The exercise system of claim 1 in which said weights are
disposed in corresponding first and second portions of said
housing, said handle means connecting said first and second
portions of said housing.
Description
This invention relates to an exercise device which utilizes the
precession effect of rotating bodies to resist displacement in
position of its axis of rotation.
In the preponderance of exercise devices, the sought after exercise
is accomplished by resisting a force natural to the exercise
device, which force is inherently unidirectional. For example,
exercise utilizing weights simply consists of overcoming the force
of gravity, which force corresponds to the size of weight utilized.
While pulley systems can translate the direction of the
gravitational force, the resistive force remains fundamentally
unidirectional. The same objection may be raised with respect to
exercise devices which depend upon springs for exerting a force
against which one strives. Further, it may be noted in the case of
weights, that the force is constant although the power required to
move the weight bears a relationship to the rate of movement.
Similarly, spring-loaded exercise devices exert reasonably constant
resistance to change in position within their nominal range of
operation. It may therefore be observed that an additional
dimension may be realized by providing an exercise device in which
there is a resistance to change of position in most directions,
which resistance to change increases with he effort directed toward
effecting the change.
It is therefore a broad object of this invention to provide an
improved physical exercise system.
It is a more specific object of this invention to provide a
physical exercise system which utilizes resistance to change in
position, which resistance increases with a corresponding increase
in the effort exerted to bring about the change.
It is a still more specific object of this invention to provide an
exercise system utilizing a device which takes advantage of the
precession effect of rotating masses.
It is yet another specific object of this invention to provide a
device operating in conjunction with the force of gravity.
The manner in which these and other objects of the invention are
achieved will become more readily apparent to those conversant in
the art from a perusal of the following specification taken in
conjunction with the adjoined claims and figures of which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a self-contained exercise device
embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 2--2 of FIG.
1 to illustrate the internal structure of the exercise device of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a dumbbell exercise device
constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway view of an accessory energizing unit
for imparting angular momentum to rotating elements within the
device illustrated in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 5--5 of FIG.
3 illustrating the internal structure of the dumbbell exercise
device;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another exercise device which
utilizes the unit illustrated in FIG. 4 for bringing a mass
contained within its central structure to an angular velocity
sufficient to exhibit pronounced precession; and
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the FIG. 6 device showing the
internal structure thereof.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the instant
invention is illustrated in which the mechanism, including the
motive power source, is disposed within a central housing 1
arranged concentrically within a circular handgrip 2. The relative
placement of the housing 1 with respect to the handgrip 2 is
rigidly maintained by a plurality of spokes 3.
Referring now specifically to FIG. 2, it will be observed that an
electric motor 4 is fixed concentrically within the housing 1. The
electric motor 4 is provided with an axially extending output shaft
5 journaled in ball bearings 6 and 7. A massive weight 8 is fixed
to the shaft 5 between the bearings 6 and 7. A massive weight 8 is
fixed to the shaft 5 between the bearings 6 and 7 such that the
shaft 5 provides support for the weight 8 while permitting it free
rotation. The rotating system, comprising the rotating elements of
the electric motor 4, the shaft 5, and the massive weight 8, are
dynamically balanced with respect to the axis of rotation such that
relatively high angular velocities can be achieved and maintained
without experiencing undue vibration. The electric motor 4 is
energized from ordinary household current through conductors 9
which terminate in a plug 10 for coupling to a wall plug through a
suitable cord (not shown).
In operation, the electric motor 4 is energized by coupling the
plug 10 to a wall socket in the usual manner. The rotating system,
including the massive weight 8 then commences to rotate and
acceleration continues until an angular velocity is established at
which the electric motor is capable of making up losses but
incapable of further acceleration. This terminal velocity can be
established within the tolerance necessary by properly relating the
mass of the weight 8 to the output power capabilities of the
electric motor 4 and by adjusting other parameters in the manner
well known in the motor arts. It has been found that a terminal
velocity of approximately 10,000 r.p.m. produces sufficiently
pronounced precession to achieve the desired object although higher
speeds may easily be attained without danger if the rotating system
is properly dynamically balanced. It may be noted that a good
static balance has been demonstrated to provide satisfactory
dynamic operation within the angular velocities contemplated.
Once the desired angular velocity has been attained, it may be
either maintained by simply continuing to apply the energizing
power to the electric motor 4, or the cord (not shown) may be
detached from the plug 10 for cordless operation during which the
momentum of the rotating system maintains precession at a slightly
decreasing rate corresponding to the decrease in angular
velocity.
As the massive weight 8 rotates, the precession effect forcibly
tends to resist any change in position of the axis of rotation. It
will be observed that the configuration of the exercise device
depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 is such that if the circular handgrip 2
is grasped with both hands in the obvious manner and an attempt is
made to move the exercise device in any direction other than a
simple forward and backward motion directly along the axis of
rotation, a decided force resisting the movement will be brought
about. Hence, upward, downward and sideward movements and
combinations thereof are resisted much like the upward movement of
ordinary weights. While the weight of the exercise device is, of
course, a factor in the resistance to movement in the several
directions, the use of relatively high angular velocities
Those skilled in the art will recognize that the power necessary to
sustain a given velocity is, within limits excepting extremely high
angular velocity with correspondingly high frictional losses, very
much less than the power required to accelerate the same mass to
the nominal angular velocity. It will therefore be realized that it
would be a simple matter to provide a battery power unit with
means, such as a centrifugal switch, for shifting the source of
energy for the electric motor 4 from the line to an integral
battery pack. This may be achieved in a number of ways which are
simply design options. For example, the line may energize the
primary of a stepdown transformer within the housing 1 such that a
much lower voltage may be utilized to drive the electric motor 4
which may then be of the common AC-DC type functioning at a
voltage, for example, of 6 or 12 volts. The battery pack rating
simply corresponds. As an additional adjunct, rechargeable
batteries, such as the nickel-cadmium type, may be utilized in the
battery pack in conjunction with a charger circuit to replenish the
cells during acceleration and/or nonuse of the exercise device.
Such arrangements, again, are simply matters of design.
FIG. 3 depicts another embodiment of the invention in which the
traditional dumbbell exercise device 11, with a slightly modified
exterior shape, contains a journaled massive weight for utilizing
the previously discussed precession. The dumbbell 11, however, does
not contain an integral source for imparting kinetic energy to the
rotating mass but rather cooperates with the energizing unit 12
depicted in FIG. 4.
The internal construction of the dumbbell exercise device 11 may
best be understood with reference to FIG. 5. First and second
massive weight 13 and 14 are journaled for rotation with respective
end portions 15 and 16 of the dumbbell 11 and are locked together
by a shaft 17 extending through the handgrip portion of the
dumbbell 11. The shaft 17 is supported for rotation by bearings 19
and 20 on the handgrip side of the respective massive weight 13 and
14. It will be understood that sufficient clearance is afforded the
weights 13 and 14 and the shaft 17 for free rotation within the
bearings 19 and 20 and that the bearings 19 and 20 are adequate to
function as thrust bearings to accommodate the slight amount of
axial play in the rotating assembly.
Referring now to both FIGS. 3 and 5, it will be observed that the
first massive weight 13 is provided with a conical cavity 21 which
is utilized in a church coupling to the energizing unit 12 of FIG.
4 as will be described in further detail below.
The energizing unit 12 illustrated in FIG. 4 is utilized to bring
the rotating system of the dumbbell 11 to the desired angular
velocity after which the momentum of the rotating system is
utilized to bring about the precession effect as one exercises. The
energizing unit 12 comprises an electric motor 22 secured to a
cover plate 23 such that its output shaft projects upwardly through
the cover plate. A conical clutch member 24 is fixed to the output
shaft for engagement with the conical cavity 21 of the dumbbell 11.
A generally cylindrical housing 25 encompasses the electric motor
22 and is supported by a base 26 which provides stability for the
entire assembly.
The cover plate 23 is assembled to the housing 25 by means of a
plurality of bolts 27 which mate with corresponding threaded
borings in the top of the housing 25. The threaded borings are
limited to depth such that the bolts 27 cannot be screwed entirely
home. A plurality of springs 28 (one only shown in the cutaway view
of FIG. 4) are arranged symmetrically about the upper periphery of
the housing 25 in order to urge the cover plate 23 into a normal,
spring-loaded, upwardly biased position against the underside of
the heads of the bolts 27. The springs 28 seat in corresponding
recesses provided both in the bottom of the cover plate 23 and the
upper surface of the housing 25. Thus, it will be understood that
the normal position of the cover plate 23 is that in which upward
movement is limited by the heads of the bolts 27 and that moderate
pressure exerted downwardly on the cover plate 23 will move the
cover plate and motor 22 down until the cover plate 23 seats upon
the upper edge of the housing 25.
A normally open switch 29, which may be of the well-known
Microswitch type or an equivalent, is fixed to the base 26 with its
actuating mechanism directed upwardly such that when the cover
plate 23 and motor 22 assembly is pushed downwardly, the actuating
mechanism is operated to close the contacts. The switch 29 is wired
in series with one side of a power cord 30 to the motor 22; hence,
closing the contacts of the switch 29 will result in the
energization of the motor 22 provided the plug 31 is in
communication with a suitable power source.
In operation, the dumbbell 11 is grasped and the conical cavity 21
is pushed downwardly upon the mating conical clutch member 24 to
simultaneously depress the cover plate 23 and the motor 22 which
actuates the switch 29 and energizes the motor. The motor then
commences to rotate and the rotation is communicated to the massive
rotating assembly within the dumbbell 11 through the clutch
comprising the conical cavity 21 and the conical clutch member 24.
The dumbbell 11 is held down against the energizing unit 12 until
the desired angular velocity has been attained after which it may
be used to exercise in a manner which takes advantage of the force
of precession.
It has been found, in the case of the dumbbell exercise device 11,
that it is desirable to have at least two sizes differing both in
weight and angular momentum capacity to accommodate the various
physical capabilities encountered within an average family. It has
further been found desirable to provide a plurality of flat areas
32 on the end portions 15 and 16 of the dumbbell structure 11 to
prevent the dumbbell from rolling, particularly when the rotating
system is in motion.
FIGS. 6 and 7 depict yet another embodiment of the invention in
which, like the dumbbell of FIGS. 3 and 5, angular momentum is
imparted to a rotating mass by the energizing unit 12 of FIG. 4. As
best shown in FIG. 6, the exercise device 33 generally comprises a
centrally disposed housing 34 and outboard handgrips 35 and 36
fixed to the central housing by support structure 37 and 38. The
internal structure of the exercise device 33 is straightforward and
is best shown in FIG. 7. A massive weigh 39 is fixed to a shaft 40
for rotation within ball bearings 41 and 42. A conical cavity 43,
corresponding to the conical cavity 21 of the dumbbell 11, mates
with the conical clutch member 24 whereby angular momentum may be
imparted to the rotating system of the exercise device 33 in a
manner closely related to that utilized with the dumbbell exercise
device 11. Once the desired angular velocity is attained, the
exercise device 33 is used in a two-handed fashion in much the
manner previously described in conjunction with the integrally
powered exercise device depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2.
While the principles of the invention have now been made clear in
an illustrative embodiment, there will be immediately obvious to
those skilled in the art many modifications of structure,
arrangement, proportions, the elements, materials, and components,
used in the practice of the invention which are particularly
adapted for specific environments and operating requirements
without departing from those principles.
* * * * *