U.S. patent number 3,615,233 [Application Number 04/845,355] was granted by the patent office on 1971-10-26 for disposable carbon dioxide absorber.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Chemetron Corporation. Invention is credited to William E. Doering, Gary K. Porter.
United States Patent |
3,615,233 |
Doering , et al. |
October 26, 1971 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
DISPOSABLE CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORBER
Abstract
A disposable carbon dioxide absorber having self-contained
valves and being designed to be used once and then disposed of in
order to eliminate certain hazards of reinfection and
cross-infection.
Inventors: |
Doering; William E. (N/A,
IL), Porter; Gary K. (N/A, PA) |
Assignee: |
Corporation; Chemetron
(IL)
|
Family
ID: |
25295050 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/845,355 |
Filed: |
July 28, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
422/117; 55/512;
55/518; 128/205.28; 128/909; 206/.7; 422/122; 96/152 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A62B
19/00 (20130101); Y10S 128/909 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A62B
19/00 (20060101); B01J 001/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;23/252,284
;128/191,202,188,142.2 ;206/.7,84 ;55/387,512,518,DIG.33 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Tayman; James H.
Claims
We claim:
1. Disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus for use in
absorbing gaseous carbon dioxide from a mixture of gases in
respiratory apparatus, said disposable carbon dioxide absorber
apparatus comprising: a canister adapted to contain carbon dioxide
absorbent material, said canister having spaced apart inlet and
outlet walls and a lateral wall between said inlet and outlet
walls; a cover for said canister, said cover being adapted to be
attached to one end of said lateral wall; an inlet fitting
integrally attached to said inlet wall to communicate with the
interior of said canister through an inlet opening in said inlet
wall; inlet check valve means arranged to permit gaseous inflow
through an inlet valve opening in said inlet fitting and to check
gaseous outflow through said inlet valve opening; an outlet fitting
integrally attached to said outlet wall to communicate with the
interior of said canister through an outlet opening in said outlet
wall; outlet check valve means arranged to permit gaseous outflow
through an outlet valve opening in said outlet fitting and checking
gaseous inflow through said outlet valve opening; retaining means
for retaining said absorbent material in spaced relation to the
respective inlet and outlet walls, said retaining means including
opposed retaining walls integrally attached to the respective inlet
and outlet walls within said canister adjacent but spaced from the
respective inlet and outlet walls, each retaining wall having a
perforated portion adapted to permit gaseous flow therethrough, one
of said inlet and outlet walls and the adjacent retaining wall
being attached to each other as part of said cover adapted to be
attached to said one end of said lateral wall and the other of said
inlet and outlet walls and the adjacent retaining wall being
attached to the opposite end of said lateral wall; and an infeed
fitting integrally attached to said outlet fitting to communicate
with said outlet fitting through an infeed opening in the lateral
wall of said outlet fitting, said infeed fitting being located
between the outlet opening in said outlet wall and said outlet
check valve.
2. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 1
wherein the retaining wall adjacent said inlet wall has a
perforated portion adapted to permit gaseous flow from said inlet
opening to said absorbent material and an imperforate portion
aligned with said inlet opening and adapted to deflect gaseous flow
from said inlet opening toward said perforated portion, and wherein
the retaining wall adjacent said outlet wall has a perforated
portion adapted to permit gaseous flow from said absorbent material
to said outlet opening and an imperforate portion aligned with said
outlet opening and adapted to deflect gaseous flow from an adjacent
portion of said porous mass toward said perforated portion.
3. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 2
wherein each retaining wall further has an imperforate margin.
4. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 1
further comprising a generally tubular inlet check valve fitting
integrally attached to said inlet fitting to communicate with said
inlet fitting through a valve opening in the lateral wall of said
inlet fitting, said inlet check valve means being arranged to
permit gaseous inflow through said inlet check valve fitting and
check gaseous outflow through said inlet check valve fitting.
5. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 4
wherein said inlet wall is formed in one piece with said inlet
fitting and with said inlet check valve fitting.
6. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 1
further comprising a generally tubular outlet check valve fitting
integrally attached to said outlet fitting to communicate with said
outlet fitting through a valve opening in the lateral wall of said
outlet fitting, said outlet check valve means being arranged to
permit gaseous outflow through said outlet check valve fitting and
to check gaseous inflow through said outlet check valve
fitting.
7. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 6
wherein said outlet wall is formed in one piece with said outlet
fitting and with said outlet check valve fitting.
8. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 6
further comprising a generally tubular inlet check valve fitting
integrally attached to said inlet fitting to communicate with said
inlet fitting through said inlet valve opening being formed in the
lateral wall of said inlet fitting and a generally tubular outlet
check valve fitting integrally attached to said outlet fitting to
communicate with said outlet fitting through said outlet valve
opening being formed in the lateral wall of said outlet fitting,
said inlet check valve means being arranged to permit gaseous
inflow through said inlet check valve fitting and check gaseous
outflow through said inlet check valve fitting, said outlet check
valve means being arranged to permit gaseous outflow through said
outlet check valve fitting and to check gaseous inflow through said
outlet check valve fitting.
9. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 8
wherein said inlet wall is formed in one piece with said inlet
fitting and with said inlet check valve fitting and said outlet
wall is formed in one piece with said outlet fitting and with said
outlet check valve fitting.
10. Disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus for use in
absorbing gaseous carbon dioxide from a mixture of gases in
respiratory apparatus, said disposable carbon dioxide absorber
apparatus comprising: a canister adapted to contain carbon dioxide
absorbent material, said canister having spaced inlet and outlet
walls; an inlet fitting integrally attached to said inlet wall to
communicate with the interior of said canister through an inlet
opening in said inlet wall; inlet check valve means arranged to
permit gaseous inflow through an inlet valve opening in said inlet
fitting and to check gaseous outflow through said inlet valve
opening; an outlet fitting integrally attached to said outlet wall
to communicate with the interior of said canister through an outlet
opening in said outlet wall; outlet check valve means permitting
gaseous outflow through an outlet valve opening in said outlet
fitting and checking gaseous inflow through said outlet valve
opening; and an infeed fitting integrally attached to said outlet
fitting to communicate with said outlet fitting through an infeed
opening in the lateral wall of said outlet fitting, said infeed
fitting being located between the outlet opening in said outlet
wall and said outlet check valve.
11. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 10
further comprising a generally tubular inlet check valve fitting
integrally attached to said inlet fitting to communicate with said
inlet fitting through said inlet valve opening being formed in the
lateral wall of said inlet fitting and a generally tubular outlet
check valve fitting integrally attached to said outlet fitting to
communicate with said outlet fitting through said outlet valve
opening being formed in the lateral wall of said outlet fitting,
said inlet check valve means being arranged to permit gaseous
inflow through said inlet check valve fitting and check gaseous
outflow through said inlet check valve fitting, said outlet check
valve means being arranged to permit gaseous outflow through said
outlet check valve fitting and to check gaseous inflow through said
outlet check valve fitting.
12. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 11
wherein said inlet wall is formed in one piece with said inlet
fitting and with said inlet check valve fitting and said outlet
wall is formed in one piece with said outlet fitting and with said
outlet check valve fitting.
13. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 11
wherein said infeed opening is located directly opposite said
outlet valve opening in the lateral wall of said outlet
fitting.
14. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 1
wherein said inlet wall and the adjacent retaining wall together
form part of a detachable cover for said canister.
15. Disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus for use in
absorbing gaseous carbon dioxide from a mixture of gases in
respiratory apparatus, said disposable carbon dioxide absorber
apparatus comprising a generally cup-shaped member adapted to
contain carbon dioxide absorbent material and a cover for said
generally cup-shaped member;
said generally cup-shaped member including a lateral wall, spaced
apart outer and inner walls attached to one end of said lateral
wall, said inner wall serving to retain said absorbent material in
spaced relation to said outer wall and having a perforated portion
adapted to permit gaseous flow therethrough, a fitting attached to
said outer wall to communicate with the space between said outer
and inner walls through an opening in said outer wall, and check
valve means permitting gaseous flow in one direction into said
fitting and checking gaseous flow in the opposite direction into
said fitting;
said cover being adapted to be attached to the opposite end of the
lateral wall of said generally cup-shaped member and including
spaced-apart outer and inner walls attached to each other as part
of said cover, said inner wall serving to retain said absorbent
material in spaced relation to said outer wall and having a
perforated portion adapted to permit gaseous flow therethrough, a
fitting attached to said outer wall to communicate with the space
between said outer and inner walls through an opening in said outer
wall, and check valve means permitting gaseous flow in one
direction through said fitting and checking gaseous flow in the
opposite direction through said fitting; the respective check valve
means being so arranged that the direction of permitted gaseous
flow into the fitting of said cover is opposite the direction of
permitted gaseous flow into the fitting of said generally
cup-shaped member, when said cover is attached to said opposite end
of the lateral wall of said generally cup-shaped member, to permit
one-way gaseous flow through said generally cup-shaped member.
16. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 15
wherein each inner wall has an imperforate portion aligned with the
opening in the associated outer wall.
17. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 16
wherein each inner wall further has an imperforate margin.
18. The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus of claim 15
wherein the check valve means of said generally cup-shaped member
permits gaseous outflow from the fitting of said generally
cup-shaped member and checks gaseous inflow to the same fitting and
wherein the check valve means of said cover permits gaseous inflow
from the fitting of said cover and checks gaseous outflow from the
same fitting.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains generally to respiratory apparatus for use
in administering anesthetic or therapeutic gases and more
particularly to a disposable carbon dioxide absorber for use in
absorbing gaseous carbon dioxide from a circulating mixture of
gases in such respiratory apparatus.
Conventionally, in the operation of respiratory apparatus for use
in administering anesthetic or therapeutic gases, a flow circuit is
established, by means of suitable conduits, between a carbon
dioxide absorber and a face mask, mouthpiece, trachial insert, or
similar breathing appliance. In the carbon dioxide absorber, the
products of exhalation pass from the breathing appliance through an
inlet check valve into a canister, which contains granular barium
hydroxide lime, soda lime, or other suitable material capable of
absorbing gaseous carbon dioxide, and return to the breathing
appliance from the canister through an outlet check valve.
Accordingly, gaseous carbon dioxide is absorbed from the
circulating mixture of gases, and the unused anesthetic or
therapeutic gases and the unused oxygen are conserved for return to
the patient. Normally, supplementary anesthetic or therapeutic
gases and form oxygen are introduced into the circulating mixture
of gases at the returning portion of the flow circuit according to
the anesthesiologist's determination of the needs of the
patient.
Carbon dioxide absorbers with disposable canisters are not new.
However, heretobefore, the inlet and outlet check valves and the
various necessary fittings to hold the canister, seal it from
atmosphere, and the like have been designed for repeated use. It is
believed that the repeated use of carbon dioxide absorber apparatus
or parts thereof, from treatment to treatment is a possible cause
of reinfection and that the repeated use of such carbon dioxide
absorber apparatus, or parts thereof, from patient to patient is a
possible cause of cross-infection. The hazards of reinfection and
cross-infection attending the repeated use of carbon dioxide
absorber apparatus, or parts thereof, may not be wholly eliminated
by cold-gas sterilization or by sterilization with other commonly
used techniques.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an important object of this invention to provide a completely
disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus and material for use
in respiratory apparatus.
It is another object of this invention to provide a carbon dioxide
inner walls designed to be used once and then disposed of in order
to eliminate the hazards of reinfection and cross-infection inner
walls attending the repeated use of carbon dioxide absorbers, or
parts thereof, in respiratory apparatus.
It is a related object of this invention to provide a disposable
carbon dioxide absorber that is lightweight, compact and
inexpensive.
It is a particular object of this invention to provide a disposable
carbon dioxide absorber apparatus having self-contained inlet and
outlet check valves and suitable absorption material.
The preceding objects may be attained in a disposable carbon
dioxide absorber apparatus comprising a canister adapted to contain
a gas permeable mass of carbon dioxide absorbent material, an inlet
fitting cemented or otherwise integrally attached to the inlet end
wall of the canister to communicate with the interior of the
canister through an inlet opening in the inlet end wall, inlet
check valve means permitting inflow of gases to the inlet fitting
and checking reverse gaseous outflow from the inlet fitting, an
outlet fitting cemented or otherwise integrally attached to the
outlet end wall of the canister to communicate with the interior of
the canister through an outlet opening in the outlet end wall, and
outlet check valve means permitting outflow of gases from the
outlet fitting and checking reverse gaseous inflow to the outlet
fitting.
The disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus further may
comprise retaining means in the form of retaining walls mounted
within the integral canister adjacent but spaced from the
respective end walls for retaining the permeable mass of absorbent
material in spaced relation to the respective end walls while
permitting gaseous flow from the inlet opening through the
absorbent material to the outlet opening. Preferably, each
retaining wall has a perforated portion and an inperforate margin,
and the retaining wall adjacent the inlet end wall has an
inperforate portion aligned with the inlet opening and adapted to
deflect gaseous flow from the inlet opening toward the perforated
portion. Additionally, an infeed stem may be integrally attached to
a lateral wall portion of the outlet fitting.
So constructed, the entire carbon dioxide absorber is designed to
be used once and then disposed of in order to eliminate the
aforementioned hazards of reinfection and cross-infection.
These and other objects, features, and advantages of this invention
will be evident from the following description, with the aid of the
attached drawings, of a preferred embodiment of this invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly broken away, showing
disposable carbon dioxide absorber apparatus embodying the
principles of this invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 2--2 of
FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrows;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 3--3 of
FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrows;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 4--4 of
FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrows;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view, analogous to FIG. 2, showing a modified
form of carbon dioxide absorber apparatus embodying the principles
of this invention; and
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 6--6 of
FIG. 5 in the direction of the arrows.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In FIGS. 1 through 4, there is shown disposable carbon dioxide
absorber apparatus, indicated generally at 10, embodying the
principles of this invention in a preferred form. The disposable
absorber 10, which is designed to have particular utility in
respiratory apparatus for use in administering anesthetic or
therapeutic gases, generally comprises a canister portion 12, which
has spaced end walls designated respectively as the inlet end wall
14 and the outlet end wall 16, an inlet fitting 18, preferably
tubular, which is cemented or otherwise integrally attached to the
inlet end wall 14 to communicate with the interior of the canister
12 through an inlet opening 20 in the inlet end wall 14, inlet
check valve means 22 permitting gaseous inflow to the inlet fitting
18 and checking reverse gaseous outflow from the inlet fitting 18,
an outlet fitting 24, preferably tubular, which is cemented or
otherwise integrally attached to the outlet end wall 16 to
communicate with the interior of the canister 12 through an outlet
opening 26 in the outlet end wall 16, and outlet check valve means
28 permitting gaseous outflow form the fitting 24 and checking
reverse gaseous inflow to the outlet fitting 24. Preferably, all of
the parts of the carbon dioxide absorber 10 (other than the
hereinafter described valve members of the check valve means 22 and
28) are made of a lightweight, inexpensive plastic material which
is chemically inert relative to the carbon dioxide absorbent
material to be used and with which the canister is filled and
relative to the various gases to be used. The entire absorber 10
and absorbent therein is designed to be used once and then disposed
of in order to eliminate the possibility of reinfection and
cross-infection attending the repeated use of carbon dioxide
absorbers or parts thereof in respiratory apparatus.
As illustrated, the canister 12 has a lateral wall 32. At least a
substantial portion 34 of the lateral wall 32, adjacent the outlet
end wall 16, is generally conically shaped and narrows toward the
outlet end wall 16. The canister 12 is adapted to contain gas
permeable mass 36 of carbon dioxide absorbent material (FIG. 2)
such as granular barium hydroxide lime. Preferably, the carbon
dioxide absorbent material contains a conventional color-changing
indicator adapted to exhibit gradual change of color-indicating
exhaustion of the capacity of the carbon dioxide absorbent material
to absorb gaseous carbon dioxide. If such a color-changing
indicator is used, at least the lateral wall 32 of the canister 12
is made of a transparent or translucent material permitting visual
access to the absorbent 36. The use of such indicators is well
known. Suitable transparent or translucent materials also are known
to the art.
Retaining means 40 are provided, in the form of retaining walls 42
and 44 mounted within the canister 12 adjacent but spaced from the
respective end walls 14 and 16, for retaining the absorbent 36 in
spaced relation to the respective end walls 14 and 16 while
permitting gaseous flow from the inlet opening 20 to the permeable
mass 36 and from the permeable mass 36 to the outlet opening 26.
Preferably, the absorbent 36 is densely packed and substantially
fills the space between the retaining walls 42 and 44. Packing of
the absorbent 36 is facilitated by the generally conical shape of
the aforementioned portion 34 of the lateral wall 32 of the
canister 12.
The retaining wall 42 has a generally annular perforated portion
46, which is adapted to permit gaseous flow from the inlet opening
20 to the absorbent material 36, and an imperforate portion 48,
which is aligned with the inlet opening 20 and adapted to deflect
gaseous flow from the inlet opening toward the perforated portion
46. The retaining wall 42 further has an imperforate margin 50. The
inlet end wall 14 and the retaining wall 42 together define a
chamber 52 within which gases flowing from the inlet opening 20 are
dispersed over the entire portion of the absorbent 36 covered by
the perforated portion 46 of the retaining wall 42. The imperforate
portion 48 of the retaining wall 42 serves to reduce channeling of
the mixture of gases through the central portion of the absorbent
mass 36 by diverting gaseous flow from the inlet opening 20 toward
the perforated portion 46 of the retaining wall 42. The imperforate
margin 50 of the retaining wall 42 serves to reduce channeling of
the mixture of gases between the porous mass 36 and the lateral
wall 32 of the canister 12. Channeling of the mixture of gases is
undesirable because it produces localized exhaustion of the
capacity of the carbon dioxide absorbent material to absorb gaseous
carbon dioxide and because it produces irregular color changes in
such color indicator as may be used.
As shown, the inlet end wall 14 and the retaining wall 42 together
form part of a detachable cover 54 for the canister 12. The cover
54 has a depending marginal flange 56. An upper portion 58 of the
lateral wall 32 of the canister 12 is generally cylindrical, rather
than generally conically shaped as the aforementioned portion 34,
and has a bead 58a adapted to be snap-fitted into a suitably formed
groove 56a in the marginal flange 56 of the cover 54. The cover 54
may be detached in order to permit the canister 12 to be filled
with the carbon dioxide absorbent material. As shown, the marginal
flange 56 of the cover 54 may be bevelled adjacent the groove 56a
to facilitate replacement of the cover 54. After the canister 12
has been filled, the cover 54 may be replaced and then cemented or
otherwise permanently secured in place.
The retaining wall 44 has a generally annular perforated portion
62, which is adapted to permit gaseous flow from the absorbent mass
36 to the outlet opening 26, and an imperforate portion 64, which
is aligned with the outlet opening 26 and adapted to deflect
gaseous flow from an adjacent portion of the absorbent 36 toward
the perforated portion 62. The retaining wall 44 further has an
imperforate margin 66. The outlet end wall 16 and the retaining
wall 44 together define a chamber 68 within which gases passing
from the absorbent 36 are directed to the outlet opening 26. The
imperforate portion 64 of the retaining wall 44 also serves to
reduce channeling of the mixture of gases through the central
portion of the absorbent material 36 by directing gaseous flow from
an adjacent portion of the absorbent mass 36 toward the perforated
portion. The imperforate margin 66 of the retaining wall 44 also
serves to reduce channeling of the mixture of gases between the
absorbent 36 and the lateral wall 32 of the canister 12.
For use, the disposable absorber 10 should be supported, preferably
in an upright position, with the inlet fitting 18 at the top, in
order to permit moisture accumulating during operation of the
respiratory apparatus to move down the outlet fitting 24 into a
conventional breathing bag attached to the outlet fitting 25
serving as a sump. The disposable absorber 10 may be supported in
an upright position by means of a conventional ring stand (not
shown) having a ring adapted to be closely fitted around the
generally cylindrical portion 58 of the lateral wall 32 of the
canister 12 such that the marginal flange 56 of the cover 54 of the
canister 12 rests upon the ring in order to prevent the disposable
absorber 10 from dropping through the ring.
An end portion 70 of the inlet fitting is internally threaded (as
shown at 70a) or otherwise adapted for attachment of a conventional
pressure gauge (not shown) of the type commonly used in respiratory
apparatus. In some instances, a sight valve or some other device
may be attached to the end portion 70 of the inlet fitting 18 in
like manner. When the end portion 70 of the inlet fitting 18 is not
used, it may be plugged as by means of a suitable externally
threaded plug (not shown).
An end portion 72 of the outlet fitting 24 is reduced in diameter
relative to the remainder of the outlet fitting 72 and if formed
with a bead 72a for attachment of a conventional collapsible
breathing bag (not shown) of the type commonly used in respiratory
apparatus. The breathing bag may be attached by means of a
conventional clamping collar (not shown) engaging the end portion
72 of the outlet fitting 24 adjacent the bead 72a.
An inlet check valve fitting 80 is cemented or otherwise integrally
attached to the inlet fitting 18 to communicate with the inlet
fitting 18 through a valve opening 82 in the lateral wall 84 of the
inlet fitting 18. As shown, the fitting 80 is cemented or otherwise
integrally attached to a generally tubular flange 18a formed on the
inlet fitting 18 at the outer margin of the valve opening 82. The
inlet check valve means 22 is arranged to permit gaseous inflow
through the fitting 80 and check reverse gaseous outflow through
the fitting 80. As shown, the inlet check valve means 22 comprises
a crossmember 86, which extends across the flow path through the
fitting 80, and a valve member 88, which is made of soft rubber or
other flexible resilient material and is supported in the flow path
through the fitting 80 by means of the crossmember 86. The valve
member 88 has a disc portion 90 which seats against an inwardly
facing generally annular valve seat 92 flush with the crossmember
86 in the flow path through the fitting 80, and a stem portion 94,
which is disposed axially with respect to the disc portion 90 and
is pulled through a suitable opening 96 in the cross member 86. A
flared boss 98, which is formed on the stem portion 94 and is
spaced from the disc portion 90 approximately by the thickness of
the crossmember 86, is adapted to be compressed so as to pass
through the opening 96, when the stem portion 94 is pulled through
the opening 96. The boss 98 serves to secure the valve member 88 to
the crossmember 86. As shown, the valve seat 92 is constituted by a
generally annular member 100 formed in one piece with crossmember
86 and cemented or otherwise integrally attached with the fitting
80.
An outlet check valve fitting 110 is cemented or otherwise
integrally attached to the outlet fitting 24 to communicate with
the outlet fitting 24 through a valve opening 112 in the lateral
wall 114 of the outlet fitting 24. As shown, the fitting 110 is
cemented or otherwise integrally attached to a generally tubular
flange 24a formed on the outlet fitting 24 at the outer margin of
the valve opening 112. The outlet check valve means 28 is arranged
to permit gaseous outflow through the fitting 110 and to check
reverse gaseous inflow through the fitting 110. As shown, the
outlet check valve means 28 comprises a crossmember 116, which
extends across the flow path through the fitting 110, and a valve
member 118, which is similar to the valve member 88 and is
supported in the flow path through the fitting 110 by means of the
crossmember 116. The valve member 118 has a disc portion 120, which
seats against an outwardly facing generally annular valve seat 122
flush with the crossmember 116 in the flow path through the fitting
110, and a stem portion 124, which is disposed axially with respect
to the disc portion 120 and is pulled through a suitable opening
126 in the crossmember 116. A flared boss 128, which is formed on
the stem portion 124 and is spaced from the disc portion 120
approximately by the thickness of the crossmember 116, is adapted
to be compressed so as to pass through the opening 126 when the
stem portion 124 is pulled through the opening 126. The boss 128
serves to secure the valve member 118 to the crossmember 116. As
shown, the valve seat 122 is constituted by a generally annular
member 130 formed in one piece with the crossmember and cemented or
otherwise integrally attached within the fitting 110.
A generally tubular infeed fitting 140 is cemented or otherwise
integrally attached to the outlet fitting 24 to communicate with
the outlet fitting 24 through an infeed opening 142 in the lateral
wall 114 of the outlet fitting 24. Preferably the infeed opening
142 is located directly opposite the aforementioned valve opening
112, as shown, in order to facilitate thorough mixing of gases from
the infeed fitting 140 with gases from the outlet opening 26.
In preparation of the disposable carbon dioxide absorber 10 for
use, suitable connections are made to other parts (not shown) of
the respiratory apparatus. As mentioned, a pressure gauge may be
attached to the end portion 70 of the inlet fitting 18, and a
breathing bag may be attached to the end portion 72 of the outlet
fitting 24. Suitable flexible corrugated conduits or the like may
be used to connect the inlet check valve fitting 80 and the outlet
check valve fitting 110 to a face mask, mouthpiece, trachial
insert, or similar breathing appliance, and to connect the infeed
fitting 140 to a source of anesthetic or therapeutic gases mixed
with oxygen. The carbon dioxide absorber 10 is supported in an
upright position, as mentioned, in order to permit the breathing
bag to serve as a sump for moisture accumulating during operation
of the respiratory apparatus and dripping down the outlet fitting
24.
As mentioned, the disposable carbon dioxide absorber 10 is designed
to be used once and then disposed of in order to eliminate the
hazards of reinfection and cross-infection attending the repeated
use of carbon dioxide absorbers dioxide parts absorbers in
respiratory apparatus. Thus, the disposable carbon dioxide absorber
10 may be used to advantage in conjunction with other disposable
parts in respiratory apparatus.
In FIGS. 5 and 6 there is shown a disposable carbon dioxide
absorber apparatus, indicated generally at 10', embodying the
principles of this invention in a modified form. In FIGS. 5 and 6,
primed reference numerals are used to indicate parts and features
corresponding to like-numbered parts and features in FIGS. 1
through 4.
In the disposable carbon dioxide absorber 10', the inlet end wall
14' of the canister 12', the inlet fitting 18', and the inlet check
valve fitting 80' are formed either in one piece, as shown or in
two half-sections or otherwise integrally attached together, and
the outlet end wall 16' of the canister 12', the outlet fitting
24', and the outlet check valve fitting 110' similarly are formed
either in one piece, as shown, or in two half-sections cemented or
otherwise integrally attached together. The inner margin of the
opening between the inlet fitting 18' and the fitting 80' is
flattened so as to constitute the valve seat 92' for the disc
portion 90' of the valve member 88' of the inlet check valve means
22'. As shown, the crossmember 86' holding the stem portion 94' of
the valve member 88' is formed in one piece with the inlet fitting
18' and the fitting 80'. The outer margin of the opening between
the outlet fitting 24' and the fitting 110' is flattened so as to
constitute the valve seat 122' for the disc portion 120' of the
valve member 118' of the outlet check valve means 28'. As shown,
the crossmember 116' holding the stem portion 124' of the valve
member 118' is formed in one piece with the outlet fitting 24' and
the fitting 110'.
The retaining wall 42' is cemented or otherwise integrally attached
to the inlet end wall 14' of the canister 12' at a shouldered
portion 140 spaced radially inwardly from the outer margin of the
inlet end wall 14' so as to eliminate the need for an imperforate
margin on the retaining wall 42'. The retaining wall 44' is
cemented to otherwise integrally attached to the outlet end wall
16' of the canister 12' at a shouldered portion 142 spaced radially
inwardly from the outer margin of the outlet end wall 16' so as to
eliminate the need for an imperforate margin on the retaining wall
44'.
The inlet check valve fitting 80' and the outlet check valve
fitting 110' are oriented so as to be declined, as shown, when the
disposable carbon dioxide absorber 10' is upright. Such declination
of the fittings 80' and 110' facilitates attachment of conduits
when the disposable carbon dioxide absorber 10' is attached to an
overhead operating room unit or the like. In order to substantially
prevent leakage of moisture into the outlet check valve fitting
110', an annular shielding washer 144 is cemented or otherwise
integrally attached to the outlet fitting 24' at a shouldered
portion 146 between the retaining wall 44' and the fitting 110'.
The shielding washer 142 shields the fitting 110' and causes large
droplets of moisture to drop to the sump attached to the outlet
fitting 24' without running down the outlet fitting 24'.
In other respects, the disposable carbon dioxide absorber 10' of
FIGS. 5 and 6 is substantially similar to the carbon dioxide
absorber 10 of FIGS. 1 through 4.
Modifications and improvements within the scope of this invention
as best defined in the appended claims may be suggested to those
skilled in the art.
* * * * *