U.S. patent number 3,612,126 [Application Number 04/850,182] was granted by the patent office on 1971-10-12 for liquidizer safety clutch.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Dynamics Corporation of America. Invention is credited to Robert J. Emmons, Maurice P. Samuelian.
United States Patent |
3,612,126 |
Emmons , et al. |
October 12, 1971 |
LIQUIDIZER SAFETY CLUTCH
Abstract
Liquidizer safety ejection clutch in which a resilient element
operatively disposed between two axially engageable clutch elements
yields under the combined weight of a jar and base of a two-piece
container placed in working position to permit the clutch members
to engage yet holds the clutch elements apart under the weight of
the base alone to prevent operation of the exposed cutters when the
jar is absent from the base.
Inventors: |
Emmons; Robert J. (Manchester,
CT), Samuelian; Maurice P. (West Hartford, CT) |
Assignee: |
Dynamics Corporation of America
(New York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25307474 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/850,182 |
Filed: |
August 14, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
241/199.12;
192/130; 192/89.1; 366/205 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B02C
23/04 (20130101); A47J 43/0766 (20130101); B02C
18/12 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47J
43/07 (20060101); A47J 43/04 (20060101); B02C
18/12 (20060101); B02C 18/06 (20060101); B02C
23/04 (20060101); B02C 23/00 (20060101); B02c
018/12 (); A47j 043/042 () |
Field of
Search: |
;146/68.1,68
;259/108,DIG.26 ;192/129A,130,89 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Abercrombie; Willie G.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A liquidizer comprising:
a power unit including a housing member,
a liquidizer container including a removable base member removably
supported in weight borne relationship on the housing member for
vertical movement to and from the working position,
vertical drive and driven shafts journaled in said members in axial
alignment with each other during said vertical movement,
axially engageable clutch elements carried by said shafts for
engagement and disengagement with said movement,
means interengaging said members for urging disengagement of said
elements including
reciprocable means carried by one of said members to engage the
other of said members, and
resilient means carried by said one member urging said reciprocable
means to move said clutch members out of engagement under the
weight of the base alone.
2. The liquidizer as defined in claim 1 in which
said clutch elements have working radii greater than the distance
of vertical movement required to move them from their working
positions to a disengaged position.
3. The liquidizer as defined in claim 1 in which
one of said clutch elements has radially spaced extending flexible
teeth intermeshing with the other clutch element.
4. The liquidizer defined in claim 1 in which the drive shaft is
the armature of an electric motor, and
cut-off switch means in the electrical circuit of said motor opened
by said resilient means as the clutch members are disengaged.
5. The liquidizer as defined in claim 1 in which
one of said members having a cavity facing the other member,
said resilient means including a compression spring received
inwardly of the wall of the cavity, and
said reciprocable means including
a first sleeve interengaging the free end of the spring and said
other member,
a second sleeve carried by said one member retaining said spring
and first sleeve in engagement with each other and permitting
outward movement of the first sleeve at least the vertical distance
of movement necessary to disengage the clutch,
said spring being constructed and tensioned to extend said first
sleeve said distance under a weight load less than that of both of
the jar and base.
6. A liquidizer comprising
a power unit carrying a rotary drive clutch element at the top
thereof,
a container including disengageable jar and base members, a drive
shaft journaled in said base carrying rotatable cutters at the top
thereof receivable in the jar,
a rotary driven clutch element at the bottom of the drive shaft
axially engageable with said drive clutch element, support means on
said power unit receiving the jar and base in weight bearing
relationship upon the power unit in working position,
sleeve means reciprocably mounted on said base interengaging said
base and support means in weight bearing relationship,
resilient means interconnecting said base and sleeve means to urge
disengagement of the clutch elements under the weight of said base
alone,
the weight of said jar and base collapsing said resilient means to
engage said clutch elements.
7. The liquidizer defined in claim 6 in which said support means
includes angularly spaced L-shaped lugs having lower portions
engageable by said base and upstanding portions engageable by said
jar when said base is absent.
8. The liquidizer defined in claim 6 in which said jar is made of
ceramic, the base of plastic, and the sleeves of sheet metal.
9. A liquidizer including:
a tapered vertical jar member open at both ends and of a height
approximately twice the diameter of the bottom opening with the
area of the upper access opening being approximately one-half that
of the bottom opening,
a base member including a bottom wall and an upstanding flange
encompassing the rim of said bottom opening in rotatably sealed
relation, and depending container support flange defining a cavity
below the bottom wall,
a cutter assembly including a shaft journaled in said bottom wall
with its upper end extending above the level of said upstanding
flange and a clutch member on its lower end disposed in said
cavity,
a compression spring received inwardly of the wall of the
cavity,
a first sleeve interengaging the free end of the spring and
normally extended outwardly by said spring at the other end beyond
said support flange,
a second sleeve carried by said base member retaining said spring
and first sleeve in engagement with each other and permitting
outward movement of the first sleeve a predetermined distance,
the spring being constructed and tensioned to extend said first
sleeve said distance under a weight load less than that of both the
jar and base.
10. The liquidizer defined in claim 9 in which the area of the
upper access opening is too small to receive human hands
therethrough of a size most users have, and
said bottom opening having an area large enough to receive hands of
most users for jar cleaning purposes.
11. The liquidizer defined in claim 9 in which the diameter of the
upper access opening is approximately two and one-half inches.
12. A liquidizer including:
a tapered vertical jar member open at both ends and of a height
approximately twice the diameter of the bottom opening and having
an upper access opening of an area approximately one-half that of
the bottom opening;
a base member including a bottom wall and an upstanding flange
encompassing the rim of said bottom opening in rotatably sealed
relation, and a depending container support flange defining a
cavity below the bottom wall;
a cutter assembly including a shaft journaled in said bottom wall
with its upper end extending above the level of said upstanding
flange and a member on its lower end disposed in said cavity;
a removable cover for said access opening, said access opening
being too small to receive human hands therethrough of a size most
users have, and
resilient means within said support flange and extendable to carry
the weight of said base member when detached from said jar
member.
13. The container called for in claim 12 in which said jar member
has vertically extending convolutions which in cooperation with the
tapered sidewall directs inwardly to the center of the container
contents swirling upwardly from the cutters along the sidewall.
14. The liquidizer defined in claim 12 in which the upper access
opening is defined by an inwardly directed flange having rounded
edges, a substantially flat upper surface and a wall below it
tapering to the upper internal wall of the jar,
the upper shape of the flange increasing the difficulty of a
person's hand entering the jar and the lower shape of the flange
assisting the removal of a hand if inserted in the jar.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION
Raymond--Ser. No. 780,131, filed Nov. 29, 1968 now U.S. Pat. No.
3,540,234
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Liquidizer containers for home use are generally provided with a
vertical shaft in the bottom carrying high speed cutters with
convoluted walls tall enough thereabove to discourage a user from
manually contacting the cutters during operation.
There are two types of containers, one a molded single unit jar
with a downwardly opening cavity on the bottom concealing the
disengageable clutch mechanism, and the other a two-piece container
having a threaded connection below the level of the cutters that
are journaled in the base. When disconnected the base and upper
portions can be easily cleaned separately and different upper
portions can be used interchangeably with the base portion if
desired.
A further danger is created for the user with the two-piece
container. Not only can the user reach into the container and
contact the cutters but the base portion without the jar portion
can be left on the power unit with the clutch engaged and the
beaters exposed as a result of any one of a number of actions of
the user. The user may unthread the jar portion while retaining the
container on the power unit so that the power unit can be gripped
instead of the base portion in manually unthreading them; or, after
unthreading the two parts the base portion is put back in drive
position on the power unit for either temporary or prolonged
storage without the user disconnecting the plug-in power cord from
the house current.
In either event the speed control switch can be closed
thoughtlessly, accidentally or prankishly, and the series wound
motor which has high torque, high-speed characteristics with a fast
start can either fling the base portion as an animated missile, or
almost instantly whirl the cutters at such a speed that they are
not likely to be seen by a person reacting quickly to turn off the
motor. Also intentional use of exposed cutters for any purpose is
to be discouraged.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention means are provided to disengage liquidizer
clutch members when the protective presence of the jar portion of
the container is absent and the base portion journaling the cutters
is left in drive position with the cutters exposed. A resilient
element is employed capable of differentiating between the applied
weights of the base alone and the composite weight of the base and
jar secured together.
More particularly, resiliently extendable members disposed between
the motor housing and the container, and carried by either one or
both of them operate to displace the base and thereby disengage the
clutch members when the jar portion of the container is absent. The
extendable members are comounted as part of the clutching
arrangement so that their removal dismantles at least one of the
clutch elements. Also, they are not adversely affected if they too
are submerged in water at the time the cutters are being cleaned if
mounted on the container.
The invention is further characterized by a two part liquidizer
container having a light plastic base and preferably a jar portion
made of a ceramic, such as glass, for many advantageous reasons
including its weight factor and cleansability.
The invention further contemplates an added safety arrangement
where not only are the clutch members disengaged when the upper
container portion is absent, but the electrical power circuit to
the motor also may be interrupted.
Another object of the invention for safety reasons is the provision
of a removable upper container portion which tapers upwardly to an
opening too small for a person's hand to be received therethrough,
but with a wide opening at its lower extremity that provides easy
access for thorough cleaning when removed from the base portion.
Also the taper greatly assists circulation and return of the
contents to the center of the container when swirled up the
sidewall by the cutter action. Furthermore, convolutions on the
container wall can be greatly reduced in radial height to provide
greater capacity in the container.
These being among the objects of the invention other and further
objects and advantages will appear from the following drawing and
description relating thereto.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view partly cut away at the top of the
container of a liquidizer embodying the preferred embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the upper and
lower portions of the assembly of the two-piece container mounted
in working position on a power unit with the clutch members in
driving engagement;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the relationship and
relative positions of the base portion and power unit with the
clutch members disengaged when the upper portion of the container
is absent;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the con-joint operation
with a safety cut-off modification providing dual safety; and
FIG. 5 is a schematic of the circuit portion involved with the
embodiment of FIG. 4.
Referring now to FIG. 1 in further detail, a liquidizer is
illustrated having a power unit 10 supporting a container 11
assembly of a base member 12 removably receiving an upper or jar
portion 14 closed at the top by a closure 13.
The power unit includes a housing 16 supported on legs 18, with a
series wound motor 24 (FIG. 5) supported therein below a switch
panel platform 20 that has a collar 22 thereon. The wall 30 of the
collar (FIGS. 2 and 3) defines a cavity 28 having four angularly
spaced resilient L-shaped inserts which serve as lugs 31 which
receive the base in weight bearing and nonrotative relationship and
the upper end of the vertical motor shaft 24 is journaled in a
bearing 26 located in the center of the bottom of the recess 28.
The upper ends of the lugs 31 are beveled as at 33 to guide the
base when lowered and it will be noted that without the base 12 on
it the lower end of the jar 14 can rest on the upper ends of the
lugs within the rim of the wall 30 if it is stored alone at any
time.
The base member 12 has a depending wall 32 whose outer surface 34
is provided with eight vertical grooves to receive the lugs 31
vertically in readily releasable nonrotative engagement in that
both taper slightly in a downward direction.
The wall 32 inwardly defines a cavity 36 below the cross wall 38
having a flat surface 42 surrounding a bearing receiving opening 40
therethrough that is coaxial with the shaft 24. The sidewall 44 of
the cavity is cylindrical and is bordered by a circular groove 46
at the top thereof which receives the upper end of a helical
compression spring 48.
The cutter assembly 50 received in the opening 40 includes a sleeve
52 received through the opening 40 having a radial flange 54
adjacent its upper end that rests on the upper face of the cross
wall with a washer gasket 56 therebetween. The lower end of the
sleeve 52 receives an inverted cup member 62 thereon against the
flat surface 42 and is terminally threaded to receive a washer 68
and nut 58 thereon for holding the sleeve and cup tightly in place
in sealed relationship.
The cup member 62 is marginally provided with a flare-flange 66
whose marginal edge is located close to the cylindrical wall 44,
and a circular sleeve 69 telescopes between the flange 66 and
cylindrical wall 44. The circular sleeve has at the top thereof an
inwardly directed flange 70 which supports the lower end of the
spring 48 and engages the flange 66 for limited downward movement
and the lower end of the sleeve is provided with an outwardly
flared flange 72 which engages the bottom edge 74 of the base
member 30 when the spring 48 is compressed. A lost motion of a
predetermined distance is thus provided for the sleeve between
engagement between flanges 66 and 70 and engagement between flange
72 and said bottom edge 74. The lower face of the flange 70 is
downwardly convex and smooth to avoid marring any surface finishes
contacted by it.
Preferably, the body of the base member 12 is made of plastic
material for the sake of lightness of weight and is not too heavy
to prevent elevating the base member by the spring 48 the lost
motion distance as determined by the engagement of flanges 66 and
70. A plastic found to be suitable as an
acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)-type polymet such as the
proprietary known as Cycolac.
A sintered metal sleeve bearing 60 is press-fitted in the sleeve 52
and journals a driven shaft 76 which carries cutters 78 at the
upper end in a conventional manner with a running washer seal 80
between the bearing 60 and cutters 78. The lower end of the shaft
76 is shouldered as at 82 for axial support of the shaft and
adjacent ends of the drive and driven shafts 24 and 76 are threaded
as at 84 to receive cooperating clutch members 86 and 88,
respectively, as more particularly described in said Raymond
application, which is incorporated by reference herein.
It is sufficient at this time to note that the driven element is a
rigid member having radiating spokes 90 offset their thickness
enough that their drive faces are on true radii, and the drive
element has circular arranged axially extending resilient teeth 92
interdigitating with the spokes 90. They are axially moved into and
out of engagement with each other within the distance of said lost
motion determined flanges 70 and 72 are explained.
Surrounding the cutter assembly 50 the base member is provided with
a circular flange 94 preferably having coarse thread grooves 96
thereon mating with external thread lands 98 around the lower rim
of the jar 14 where the jar portion has its widest opening for
cleaning purposes. A gasket 100 seals the joint when the threads
are tightened.
The jar is preferably made of glass so that it can withstand being
washed in a dish washer at high temperature. It thus has
substantial weight, which when added to that of the base member
will collapse the spring 48 to permit the drive and driven members
to engage. The inner wall 102 of the jar tapers upwardly where it
terminates in an inwardly directed sharply tapered lower portion
106 of a flange 104 rounded to a flat upper surface 108 and
defining an opening 108 approximately two and one-half inches in
diameter which is too small for most hands to pass through. A snap
cap 110 of resilient material and any external design desired has
an axially directed depending flange 112 externally enlarged enough
at its lower end to interfere with the rounded flange whereby it
snaps into place with a resilient engaging relationship. The
tightness involved is less than that which would enable lifting the
jar by the cap.
Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, as already mentioned cut-off switches
have been used before that are actuated by the removal of the
liquidizer jar from the power unit. Habits have been developed of
stopping the motor merely by removing the jar without touching the
"stop" switch. A circuit embodying this is shown in FIG. 5 where
the stop switch 110, motor 24 and a cut-off switch 112 are
connected in series between two power lines L.sub.1 and L.sub.2. A
push rod 114 actuated by the presence of a jar closes the cut-off
switch which starts the motor if the stop switch is left closed.
Light pressure is generally all that is required to close the
cut-off switch.
The present invention prevents dire results occurring from this
habit. A starting of the motor by closing the cut-off switch is
prevented unless the two-piece jar is assembled and in place with
the clutch members engaged. Accordingly, the invention is adaptable
for various power units because the spring 48 has to be collapsed
to actuate the switch 112 no matter how lightly the switch is
biased, because, as shown in FIG. 3 in broken lines, and FIG. 4 in
solid lines, the push rod 114 for the switch is not actuated until
the flange 66 is forced downwardly substantially its full
distance.
Thus, whether a cut-off switch alone is used or none is used, the
base member 94 must be in place with the jar 14 on it before the
cutter assembly is driven. Therefore, one supplements the other if
both are present rather than one safety control operating in a way
by-passing the other.
Moreover, the clutch members which have a wide leverage radius that
could cause the most damage of available clutch members in flipping
or driving exposed cutters have been shown and described as
representative of other drives having smaller radii wherever the
drive elements are engaged by rectilineal movement and include
interdigitating members that might interfere momentarily. There is
no engagement unless the jar is present along with the base.
* * * * *