U.S. patent number 3,610,762 [Application Number 04/877,213] was granted by the patent office on 1971-10-05 for blender with laterally illuminated removable receptacle.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Dynamics Corporation of America. Invention is credited to William F. Dugan.
United States Patent |
3,610,762 |
Dugan |
October 5, 1971 |
BLENDER WITH LATERALLY ILLUMINATED REMOVABLE RECEPTACLE
Abstract
Means are disclosed to illuminate the contents of a vessel at
the locale of mixing in such a manner that the condition of the
mixture can be readily ascertained. The light source is positioned
outside the transparent or translucent wall of the vessel between a
pair of convolutions in the wall whereby the interface between the
liquid contents and the inner wall of the vessel is illuminated by
light that includes transmitted light, reflected light and
refracted light transmitted from the light source to, through and
in the glass or plastic wall of the vessel. Switch means are
provided to connect the light source to the power source as the
vessel is placed on the mixer base.
Inventors: |
Dugan; William F. (Simsbury,
CT) |
Assignee: |
Dynamics Corporation of America
(New York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25369485 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/877,213 |
Filed: |
November 17, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
241/101.3;
356/147; 362/89; 241/282.1; 356/427; 362/101; 366/143; 366/206;
366/205 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01F
15/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B01F
15/00 (20060101); G01n 021/06 (); G01n
021/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/2FD,2LC,2MT
;356/197 ;259/107,108 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wibert; Ronald L.
Assistant Examiner: Chew, II; Orville B.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a blender, the combination of:
a receptacle having a light transmissive vertical sidewall
encompassing a blending zone;
a source of light positioned adjacent to and concentrated in a
diametral direction upon the outside of said wall at said blending
zone;
light diffusing means between said light source and said wall
whereby diffused light is directed peripherally incident on the
interior of said receptacle, optically interacts with material to
be blended in said blending zone and is passed peripherally through
said sidewall as a combined transmitted and reflected image the
density of which is indicative of the blended condition of said
material.
2. A blender in accordance with claim 1 in which said light
transmissive wall is transparent glass.
3. A blender in accordance with claim 1 in which said light
transmissive wall is a transparent methyl methacrylate polymer
characterized by its ability to reflect light along its internal
surfaces.
4. A device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said encompassing
sidewall is provided with facets with convoluted corners causing
light rays directed through the outer surface of a facet to be
transmitted along said encompassing wall through reflection and
passed through the inner surface of another facet.
5. A blender in accordance with claim 1 in which said receptacle is
detachably supported on a base with a drive motor therein;
blending means rotatably supported within said blending zone from
the bottom of said receptacle, said blending means being releasably
coupled with said drive motor by relative vertical movement;
pressure switching means mounted in said base and connected
serially with said drive motor and said source of light and
said source of light being connected in parallel with said drive
motor.
6. A blender in accordance with claim 5 in which:
said pressure switch means is releasably engaged by said receptacle
in its working position.
7. A blender in accordance with claim 5 in which:
said source of light is supported by said motor base in an
open-sided housing; and
said light diffusing means comprises a translucent panel carried by
the open side of said housing, spaced from the side of said
receptacle.
8. A blender in accordance with claim 7 in which:
said wall of said receptacle is longitudinally convoluted; and
said translucent panel is spaced from a pair of said convolutions
with said source of light aligned with the space between said
convolutions.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO A RELATED APPLICATION
This application is related to application Ser. No. 850,183 filed
Aug. 14, 1969.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Motor-driven blenders having detachable couplings between a drive
shaft and a driven shaft are known where the driven shaft is
rotatably mounted through the bottom wall of a receptacle and
carries a cutter blade at one end for high-speed rotation within
the vessel and a detachable coupling at the other end for
engagement with a matching coupling on matching drive shaft.
Blenders of this type find extensive use in the home kitchen, and
also in laboratories, restaurants, cocktail bars because of the
speed with which a given product can be blended and the enhanced
properties of the minutely comminuted product. It is now a matter
of common knowledge that food and drinks prepared in this manner
are far more tasty and better appearing than the products of lesser
degrees of comminution or prepared by low speed mixing. Also
laboratory samples, specimens and preparations, such as emulsions
or colloidal suspensions thus processed, have enhanced properties
including not only uniform consistency and appearance but stability
of the suspension, and the speed by which a given state of
subdivision of solids is attained.
The actual required mixing time for a given composition such as a
malt or an alcoholic beverage is relatively short in most
instances, but is dependent upon the condition of the ingredients.
Thus the solids added may vary in average size, and the proportions
of the continuous and dispersed phases can vary because of
inaccuracies in following a given recipe. The blenders are used in
cabinets and on bar shelves or laboratory benches where the light
is not always best for the purpose of seeing the condition of the
mixed product. Under these conditions the vessel is often removed
and the contents inspected prematurely only to find that further
mixing is necessary. The use of a timer is not always satisfactory
because of the added necessity of setting the time thereon and the
inconsistency of the compositions to be blended, even in
compositions of the same kind. Visual observation is often
necessary to determine the condition of the mixed product and this
is not always possible when the blender is on an unlighted
shelf.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the instant invention it has been that the mere
provision of an external light source without regard to its
orientation to the mixing vessel is not sufficient to allow
examination of the condition of the product and the position of the
light source in relation to the outer surface of the blender vessel
is essentially critical to the visibility imparted to the contents.
This invention provides a light source having the rays of a light
source concentrated through a diffusion plate substantially
parallel to the outer convoluted surface of the vessel and also
positioned between a pair of convolutions so that the contents of
the vessel is subjected to light that is directly transmitted,
light than is reflected from the liquid-solid interface at the
vessel wall and light that is transmitted by total internal
reflection. By these means an easy to use blender is provided which
tells the operator at a glance the condition of the product under
preparation and the instant that uniform consistency is attained,
thereby eliminating the trial and error procedure of prior art
blenders. The invention incorporates the added factor of light
produced and transmitted in such a manner that the condition of the
comminuted product is instantly visible, and visible from the front
of the mixing vessel without the source of illumination being
located in the way of the normal movement of the mixing vessel to
and from the base.
Furthermore the invention contemplates an "ON" and "OFF" which is
actuated when the releasable drive is in engagement, which
preferably is resilient, so that the movement of the mixing vessel
operates the switch.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Illustrative embodiments of the invention are shown in the attached
drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the blender of this invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary partial sectional view taken along the
lines 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along the lines
3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of an illustrative
electrical control circuit used in the preferred embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawing, FIG. 1 shows the blender or a liquidizer
10 which comprises the receptacle 12, preferably composed of glass
or any other transparent or translucent material having optical
characteristics similar to that of the proprietary products known
as Lucite or Plexiglass (a methyl methacrylate polymer) and having
a substantially cloverleaf shaped cross section with the
longitudinal beads 13 (see FIG. 3) on its outer wall. The external
beads 13 can be omitted from the structure of the receptacle 12.
The receptacle is provided with the detachable cover 14 and the
motor base 16 supports the assembly. The motor base 16 has the
on/off toggle switch 18, mounted on the side by any suitable means.
The light assembly 20 includes the housing 22 to which the aperture
plate 24 is attached preferably by means of the screws 25 inserted
into suitable spaced bosses (not illustrated) molded into the edge
26. Other means, such as cementing, can be used to attach the
aperture plate 24. The aperture plate 24 is a diffusion plate
comprising a flat piece of ground glass, etched glass, milky glass,
pigmented or colored glass, or translucent plastic which may also
be pigmented or colored. Mounted on the liquidizer base 16 are the
radially positioned upstanding lugs or prongs 27 adapted to engage
within the bottom ends of the longitudinal recess 28 provided
within the outer wall of the receptacle 12.
The motor base 16 houses the drive motor and drive shaft assembly
(not shown) to which is attached the lower drive coupler 30 (FIG.
2) mounted on the top of the motor base 16 in a position to
automatically engage the driven coupler 32 whenever the receptacle
12 is placed on the motor base 16. The driven shaft 34 is attached
to the driven coupler 32, by any suitable means, and passes through
a central opening 36 in the base wall 37 of the receptacle 12 and
is secured thereto by means of the locknut 38 and washers 30 or
other suitable retaining means. The driven shaft 34 has the upper
shoulder 42 and the reduced end portion (not shown) which is
threaded and receives the cutter blade 44, held thereto by means of
any suitable locknut 45. Any form of detachable drive coupling can
be used in the blender of this invention which is designed to allow
the aforedescribed modes of operation and an illustrative drive
coupling is disclosed in copending application Ser. No. 850,183
filed Aug. 14, 1969.
The opening 46 is provided in the top wall 17 of the motor base 16
to accommodate the shaft portion 47 of the pressure switch 48, the
shaft being free to move in a reciprocating relationship within the
opening 46. The shaft portion 47 terminates above the top wall 17
with the head 49, preferably having a flat upper surface of greater
circumference than the shaft portion 47, and is preferably
constructed of an electrical insulating material. The guide opening
46 is so located that the circumferential flanged edge 50 of the
receptacle 12 always engages the head 49 in any position of
placement on the base (see FIG. 3). This action presses the flat
bottom 51 of the head 49 downwardly toward or against the top wall
17 of the motor base 16 and carries the shaft portion 47 downward
through the opening 46. The bottom end of the shaft portion 47 is
pivotally attached to the movable contact member 52 by any suitable
means such as the tab members 53 extending upward from opposite
edges of the movable contact member 52 and the cross pin 54
inserted through holes (not shown) in the tab member 53 and through
the bottom end of the shaft portion 47.
Direct attachment of the shaft portion 47 to the movable contact
member 52 is optional. Other means of attachment can be used such
as a C-washer engaging a circumferential slot or a retaining pin in
a transverse bore in the shaft portion 47 at a point beneath the
opening 46. These means would engage the top wall 17 and prevent
accidental displacement or removal of the switch lever
assembly.
The movable contact member 52 is conductively connected to the
hinge pin 55 at one end while its other end is connected by any
suitable means to the compression spring 56. The spring 56 is in
turn connected through an electrical insulator to the motor base
16. Mounted directly beneath the movable contact member 52 is the
fixed contact member 57 so positioned that when the receptacle 12
is placed on the motor base 16 and the coupling members are
engaged, it pushes the shaft portion 47 downward far enough to
cause the movable contact member 52 to lower and contact the fixed
contact member 57, thus closing the switch. When the receptacle 12
is removed, the spring 56 raises the movable contact member 52 and
the shaft portion 47 opens the switch before the drive is
disengaged.
The light assembly 20 includes the light source 21 capable of
emitting polychromatic light in the visual range. The light source
can be incandescent or fluorescent and is preferably a small
incandescent bulb operable on 120 volt alternating current. The
assembly is secured to the motor base 16 by suitable securing
means, such as screws 58 at the recess 59 in the bottom portion of
the light assembly 20. A white reflective surface is provided
behind the bulb and the aperture plate 24 of the light assembly 20
is substantially parallel to the plane of the outer convoluted
surface of the receptacle 12 and preferably positioned between a
pair of convolutes 15 (FIG. 3). Although various orientations of
the light assembly are possible this preferred configuration yields
the best distribution of light through the receptacle 12 and the
maximum incidence of light thereon.
Although light incident on the receptacle 12 is directed both
upwardly and downwardly from the level of the light source 21, as
indicated by the arrows 61 in FIG. 2, the major portion of the
incident light is directed substantially horizontally from the
diffusion aperture plate 24 toward the locale of mixing. Some
dispersion of light results both from the curvature of the
receptacle walls and the existence of the optional longitudinal
beads 13 causing a greater distribution of light throughout the
mixing area. Most of the light incident upon the outside surface 17
(an air-solid interface) (FIG. 3) of the receptacle 12, which is an
air-glass or air-Lucite interface in the preferred embodiment, is
transmitted directly through the receptacle while some is reflected
at this interface; a portion of the light reaches the juncture of
inside surface 19 of the receptacle 12 and the liquid contents
thereof with an angle of incidence on this inner solid-liquid
interface greater than the critical angle for that interface
resulting in the total reflection of the light from the interface;
also a portion of the light is incident on the air-solid interface
17 at an angle such that the refracted light travels along a path
similar to that indicated by the arrow 60 (FIG. 3) missing or
bypassing the solid-liquid interface 19 and striking the outside
surface of the receptacle 12 with an angle of incidence greater
than the critical angle for the solid-air interface again resulting
in total reflection. These totally reflected rays travel through
the wall of the receptacle 12 experiencing total reflections until
they strike an interface with an angle of incidence less than the
critical angle so that the light is refracted and transmitted
through the interface.
Within the receptacle 12, light is incident on the liquid or
suspension surrounding the cutter blade 44 from substantially all
directions having entered the liquid phase following a series of
total reflections, as shown by the path of the arrow 60, reflection
from the liquid-solid interface, as shown by the path of the arrow
62, or direct transmission, as shown by the path of the arrow 64.
Some of the light will thereupon be absorbed or reflected by the
liquid or suspension imparting characteristic coloring or shading
thereto and indicating to the observer whether the blending and
comminution are complete. The light is then transmitted through the
receptacle 12 in all directions so that an observer on any side of
the blender can determine the condition of its contents even in an
otherwise unlighted space.
FIG. 4 represents an illustrative and nonlimiting schematic circuit
to be used in accordance with the invention. The plug 66 is
inserted into the source of alternating current and is connected to
one terminal of the on/off toggle switch 18 by the conductor 70.
The other terminal of the the toggle switch 18 is connected to one
terminal of the pressure switch 48 by the conductor 72. The other
terminal of the pressure switch 48 is connected to one terminal of
the drive motor 68 by the conductor 74 and to one terminal of the
light source 21 by the conductor 76. The other terminal of the
drive motor 21 is connected by the conductor 78 to the other
terminal of the drive motor 68 and the conductor 80 connects the
other terminal of the drive motor 68 back to the plug 66. Thus the
switches 18 and 48 are serially connected across the source of
alternating current to the parallel combination of the drive motor
68 and the light source 21. Other switching arrangement, however,
may also be operable including the use of separate pressure
switches for the light source 21 and the drive motor 68.
When the blender of this invention is in use, the on/off toggle
switch 18 is generally left in the "on" or closed position. Unless
the receptacle 12 is in place, however, the pressure switch 48, and
accordingly the circuit, is open and the blender cannot be
operated. When the receptacle 12 is placed on the motor base 16,
the couplers 30 and 32 engage (see FIG. 2) and the pressure switch
48 is closed, completing the circuit. The drive motor 68 and the
light source 21 both begin operation so that the contents of the
receptacle 12 are simultaneously comminuted and illuminated. When
the contents of the receptacle 12 are seen to be sufficiently
blended, the receptacle 12 is lifted from the motor base 16
disengaging the couplers 30 and 32 and releasing the pressure
switch 48 opening the circuit. If desired the toggle switch 18 can
be omitted although certain electrical standards require such a
control switch for safety reasons and it may be desirable to
facilitate storage of the blender with the receptacle in place
without unplugging the blender.
* * * * *