U.S. patent number 3,610,274 [Application Number 04/864,640] was granted by the patent office on 1971-10-05 for fluid logic circuit.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company. Invention is credited to Alfred Hirt, George Napoleon Levesque.
United States Patent |
3,610,274 |
Levesque , et al. |
October 5, 1971 |
FLUID LOGIC CIRCUIT
Abstract
A NOR fluid logic circuit mechanism comprising an arrangement of
diaphragm-controlled valves which have three inputs and which has a
single output. This provides effectively a three-input NOR logic
element that is preferably made of two injection molded transparent
plastic halves that are bonded to a flexible polyurethane membrane
between them, the membrane acting as a valve that opens to permit
or closes to prevent the passage of air. The proper operation of
the device can be seen visually since the area above the diaphragm
in the chambers is visible to recognize the position of the
device.
Inventors: |
Levesque; George Napoleon
(Warwick, RI), Hirt; Alfred (East Greenwich, RI) |
Assignee: |
Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing
Company (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
25343732 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/864,640 |
Filed: |
October 8, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/519; 137/864;
137/884; 251/61.1; 137/559; 137/599.07; 137/599.04; 137/601.13 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F15C
3/04 (20130101); F16K 37/0058 (20130101); Y10T
137/8359 (20150401); Y10T 137/87724 (20150401); Y10T
137/87314 (20150401); Y10T 137/7871 (20150401); Y10T
137/87499 (20150401); Y10T 137/87885 (20150401); Y10T
137/8729 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F16K
37/00 (20060101); F15C 3/04 (20060101); F15C
3/00 (20060101); F16k 037/00 (); F16k
031/145 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/559,271,599,608
;251/61.1 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Klinksiek; Henry T.
Claims
We claim:
1. A fluid control device comprising a block of material having a
top plate, a bottom plate, and nontransparent diaphragm means
disposed therebetween, said block having inlet port means for
receiving a pressurized fluid and at least one outlet port, means
defining a first flow path for pressurized fluid within one of said
plates and being formed along one face of said diaphragm means,
means defining a second flow path for pressurized fluid within said
other plate and being formed along the other face of said diaphragm
means, said first flow path passing from said inlet port means to
said outlet port with a chamber therebetween, part of said chamber
being in said top place above said diaphragm means and part of said
chamber being in said bottom plate below said diaphragm means, said
first flow path passes through that portion of said chamber that
has a ridge formed within it against which said diaphragm means may
be pressed whereby the output flow is stopped, said ridge being
relatively narrow and extending up from the bottom of said chamber
and also extending laterally across said chamber with its opposite
ends connected to the vertical walls of said chamber, the area of
the block above the chamber is transparent whereby the position of
the diaphragm may be visually observed to indicate whether the
diaphragm is resting on the ridge and showing a line thereacross
and thus whether the logic of the fluid control device is in an on
or off state.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A particular type of fluid logic element about which this invention
has been developed is fully described in the Norwood U.S. Pat. No.
3,318,329. Basically the device is a fluid control apparatus and
employs the flexible diaphragm that is interposed between a pair of
flow restrictors so as to produce signal amplification or inversion
and in which a positive fluid output signal is produced in response
to the presence or absence of a control signal. While logic systems
utilizing a valve of this particular type can be designed and built
up into a variety of configurations to provide all of the basic
logic functions, the usual approach creates an inventory problem
and is somewhat exemplified by the system that is illustrated in
the Brandenberg U.S. Pat. No. 3,407,834.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A fluid logic module is provided in the form of a three-control
input NOR gate that contains five control ridges in five valve
chambers. Supply air enters through two paths, a first path
containing a resistor from a flow restrictor and through three
chambers containing control ridges and a vent for the atmosphere
through another resistor or flow restrictor. A second path takes
air directly from the supply and passes it into an output chamber
containing a ridge and through a second chamber also containing a
ridge which vents to the atmosphere. In between these two chambers
an output port is created and ducting is provided between the
upstream side of the first chamber to the valve of the output
chamber and also from the downstream side of the third chamber to
the valve of the vent chamber. Additionally the device is
constructed in such a way that a transparent area is left above the
diaphragm chambers so that a visual indication of the position of
the valve diaphragm may be had to determine which way the circuit
is operating. By utilizing this particular mechanism additional
logic functions such as OR, AND, FLIP-FLOP, NAND, TIME DELAY,
ONE-SHOT, and exclusive OR may be provided by interconnecting this
basic unit. These basic units, therefore, may be interconnected to
execute a large variety of circuits. The assembly is preferably
made from a pair of plastic plates into which the valve chambers
are formed and to which a nontransparent diaphragm is secured. If
desired, only certain chamber areas may be selected for viewing by
providing a cover plate with window apertures to show only the
selected chambers. A color differential of the bonded surfaces may
also be used to help outline the unbonded diaphragm areas to be
viewed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the basic logic element made in
accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is an end view thereof;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view thereof;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4--4 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5--5 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the device illustrated in FIGS. 1
thru 5 but with the logic ON rather than OFF as in FIGS. 1 thru
5.
FIGS. 7 and 8 are views illustrating the masking of the input
chambers with only two windows for viewing the two output chambers;
and
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing how the individual elements
may be interconnected to provide for the more common logic
functions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 6 the arrangement is illustrated as having a
control or supply pressure P.sub.s set in two channels. The first
channel includes a free-flow connection as at 12 that leads to a
control chamber 13 having a ridge 14 therein and the flow path may
be opened or closed by a diaphragm 15. The flow path continues down
a duct or conduit 16 which has an output port 17 thence into a
second chamber 18 having a ridge 19 therein and a control diaphragm
20 to flow on the other side of the ridge 19 venting to the
atmosphere through a vent port 21. The control for this first path
consists of a resistor or flow restrictor 30 between the pressure
source P.sub.s and a second path. The second path leads from the
source of suitably restricted pressure into a first chamber 32
having a control ridge 32 therein, a second chamber 36 with a
control ridge 37, a third control chamber 40 with a control ridge
41 therein and thence to an exit resistor or flow restrictor 42.
Chambers 32, 36 and 40 have flexible diaphragms 33, 38 and 44
respectively thereacross which are arranged to seat on the ridges
32, 37, 41 respectively as the diaphragm effectively divides the
chambers in half. The upper portion of each of the chambers have
control ports 34, 39 and 43 therein that may apply pressure to the
upper side of the diaphragm. This figure depicts the logic ON and
if the two flow restrictor areas 30 and 42 are equal, the pressure
between them will be one-half the supply pressure P.sub.s. This is
great enough to maintain a closed diaphragm 20 but not enough to
close the diaphragm 15. Air, therefore, at supply pressure P.sub.s
is directed to the output 17 to act as a signal input. If one or
more of the control ports 34, 39 or 43 receives a positive pressure
signal, the flow will be blocked in the second flow path and
pressure downstream of the control ridge will bleed to the
atmosphere through the downstream flow restrictor 42. The pressure
upstream will build to the supply pressure P.sub.s and the
diaphragm 20 will open and the diaphragm 15 will close. This places
the logic in OFF. Broadly a signal to any one of the three input
ports produces zero output and conversely all inputs must be zeroed
to obtain an output. Therefore, there is diagrammed here a
three-input NOR logic element.
The arrangement which has been utilized to physically produce the
device just discussed is illustrated in FIGS. 1 thru 5. Referring
to these figures, it is seen that the basic logic block consists of
a bottom plate 45 and a top plate 46. The chambers 13 and 18 of the
first flow path are shown in FIG. 5 and it will be seen that they
are located at both the top and the bottom plate, the control
portion of the chamber being located in the top plate 46 while the
ridges 14 and 19 respectively are located in the bottom plate 45.
In a similar but opposite arrangement by referring to FIG. 4 it
will be seen that the chambers 31, 36 and 40 have their ridges 32,
37 and 41 located in the top plate 46 while the control chambers
are in the bottom plate 45 through which the control ports 34, 39
and 43 respectively pass. Between the plates 45 and 46 are a pair
of nontransparent diaphragm elements, one diaphragm element being
preferably secured to each place and bonded to the planar portions
thereof. In this fashion two input plenums are in effect created,
there being a n input plenum 11 in the bottom plate 45 and 11A in
the top plate 46, both of them being fed by an input connection
which may be a common one as shown in FIG. 6. In the bottom plate
45 there are passages created being noted that the passage duct 12
is created from the input plenum 11 to the chamber 13 and also
passage 16 and vent 21 as well as there being shown a pair of
output ports 17 for ease in assembling the circuitry into which
this logic device will be utilized. The flow restrictors or
resistors are located in the top plate 46 and in effect take the
form of small passages being indicated at 30 and 42
respectively.
The plates 45 and 46 are preferably molded from a transparent
polycarbonate type of material, for example, or any other
transparent type of material and the diaphragms which are
preferably made from 0.002 inch polyurethane is bonded to the
bottom and top plates and these bottom and top plates are held
together along the plane of the diaphragm by any suitable means. If
the diaphragm is nontransparent and the area at least above the
chambers is transparent, one can visually see the presence or
absence of input signals and a corresponding condition of the
output elements 13 and 18. As illustrative of the manner in which
this appears, FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the output elements
respectively in the OFF condition and in the ON condition. Thus in
FIG. 7 the diaphragm 15 has been pushed down by a control pressure
tightly against the ridge 14 and in FIG. 8 similarly the diaphragm
20 has been pushed down tightly against its ridge 19 so that this
condition is easily detected.
FIG. 9 illustrates some of the basic logic functions that can be
achieved by utilizing some of the basic element that has been
illustrated and described above. This has been shown schematically
and each of the lines going into the logic element represent one of
the three input signal ports 34, 39 or 43 and it will be basically
understood by those skilled in the art that by interconnecting them
in the fashion shown that the function attributed thereto by the
legends in the figure will be created. Similarly any basic logic
function can be solved by utilizing the NOR gate as the basic
device, and it is not intended that we be limited to those merely
shown in FIG. 9 by way of example.
* * * * *