U.S. patent number 3,603,631 [Application Number 04/819,545] was granted by the patent office on 1971-09-07 for push to release latch friction type.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Electric Company. Invention is credited to Frederick M. White.
United States Patent |
3,603,631 |
White |
September 7, 1971 |
PUSH TO RELEASE LATCH FRICTION TYPE
Abstract
A push release latch particularly adapted for use on appliance
cabinets and the like having first and second members movable
toward each other to a closed position and away from each other to
an open position, is provided comprising a first latch element
carried by the first member, and a second latch element carried by
the second member. At least one of the latch elements is adapted
for rotation relative to the other latch element between a latched
position and an unlatched position. At least one of the latch
elements has a cam means associated therewith for rotating at least
one of the latch elements toward the unlatched position when the
members are moved toward each other from the closed position. By
this arrangement, the members may be released by the latch from the
closed position by moving the members toward each other from the
closed position.
Inventors: |
White; Frederick M.
(Louisville, KY) |
Assignee: |
General Electric Company
(N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
25228435 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/819,545 |
Filed: |
April 28, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
292/220;
292/DIG.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05C
19/022 (20130101); Y10S 292/04 (20130101); Y10T
292/1052 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
D06F
37/00 (20060101); D06F 37/28 (20060101); E05C
19/02 (20060101); E05C 19/00 (20060101); E05c
013/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;292/DIG.4,76,91,220,214,17 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Moore; Richard E.
Claims
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the
United States is:
1. A push release latch for first and second members movable toward
each other to a closed position and away from each other to an open
position, comprising:
a first latch element carried by the first member;
a second latch element carried by the second member;
at least one of said latch elements adapted for rotation relative
to the other latch element between a latched position and an
unlatched position;
cam means associated with said latch elements for rotating said one
latch element toward said unlatched position when the members are
moved toward each other from the closed position;
whereby the members may be released by the latch from the closed
position by moving the members toward each other from the closed
position; and
a rotation control means, associated with the latch element adapted
for rotation, to require rotation of said latch element to a
position intermediate said latched and unlatched positions and a
return rotation to said latched position before said latch element
may be rotated to said unlatched position;
whereby the members may not be released by the latch from the
closed position for movement to the open position until said latch
element adapted for rotation has been rotated to said intermediate
position, has been returned to said latched position, and has been
rotated to said unlatched position by moving the members toward
each other from the closed position.
2. A push release latch for first and second members movable toward
each other to a closed position and away from each other to an open
position, comprising:
a first latch element carried by the first member and adapted for
rotation relative to the first member between a latched position
and an unlatched position;
a second latch element secured to the second member;
biasing means adapted to bias said first latch element toward said
latched position;
at least one of said latch elements having a cam means associated
therewith for rotating said first latch element relative to said
second latch element toward said unlatched position when the
members are moved toward each other from the closed position;
whereby the members may be released by the latch from the closed
position by moving the members toward each other from the closed
position; and
a rotation control means associated with said first latch element
to require rotation of said first latch element to a position
intermediate said latched and unlatched positions and a return
rotation to said latched position before said first latch element
may be rotated to said unlatched position;
whereby the members may not be released by the latch from the
closed position for movement to the open position until said first
latch element has been rotated to said intermediate position, has
been returned to said latched position, and has been rotated to
said unlatched position by movement of the members toward each
other from the closed position.
3. The invention of claim 2 wherein:
said first latch element includes a strike projecting from said
first member;
said second latch element includes a catch spring adapted to engage
said strike in the closed position; and
said cam means includes at least one cam surface formed on said
strike.
4. The invention of claim 3 wherein:
said rotation control means includes a first stop, a second stop
and a follower;
said follower and said first stop being operable to limit the
rotation of said first latch element to a position intermediate
said latched and unlatched positions; and
said follower and said second stop being operable to limit the
rotation of said first latch element to said unlatched
position.
5. The invention of claim 4 wherein said rotation control means
additionally includes a first cam and a second cam, said first cam
and said second cam being operable to alternatively cause said
follower to cooperate with said first stop and said second stop on
subsequent rotations of said first latch element toward said
unlatched position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to push release latches and, more
particularly, to a push-to-release latch for a closure which may be
unlatched by pushing the closure beyond the normally closed
position.
It is desirable in many cabinet applications, such as automatic
clothes dryer cabinets, to provide the cabinet closure with a latch
mechanism which may be readily opened by an operator whose hands
are occupied with clothes or other materials. A variety of
push-to-release latch arrangements have been proposed by the prior
art for this purpose. However, most of these devices are of a
complex design employing a multiplicity of intricate latch mounting
and operation parts. A number of these devices further make no
provision for the problem of overclosure which occurs when the
closure is forced into a latching configuration with sufficient
force to cause the latch to go over center, whereupon the closure
is, in the same operation, both latched and unlatched leaving it
free to be moved to the open position.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a
push-to-release latch of simple construction which is easy to
operate and which will releasably retain the closure in a latched
configuration despite any overclosure action which may occur in
latching.
It is a further object of my invention to provide such a
push-to-release latch which is well suited for service on appliance
and other cabinets.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly stated, in accordance with one aspect of the present
invention, there is provided a push release latch for first and
second members movable toward each to a closed position and away
from each other to an open position. The latch comprises a first
latch element carried by the first member and a second latch
element carried by the second member. At least one of the latch
elements is adapted for rotation relative to the other latch
element between a latched position and an unlatched position. At
least one of the latch elements has a cam means associated
therewith rotating at least one of the latch elements toward the
unlatched position when the members are moved toward each other
from the closed position. By this arrangement, the members may be
released by the latch from the closed position by moving the
members toward each other from the closed position.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing
out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as
the invention, it is believed that the invention will be better
understood from the following description of the preferred
embodiment taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a clothes dryer incorporating the
preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating portions of
both latch elements of my invention in a normally closed
configuration;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating certain
details of the first latch element of my invention in a latched
configuration;
FIG. 4 is a rear elevational view of the first latch element in the
configuration of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the first latch element of FIG. 4 and of
the second latch element in engagement therewith;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6--6 of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view similar to FIG. 2 of the
first latch element of my invention in the unlatched position;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the first
latch element with its follower engaging a first stop;
FIG. 9 is a rear elevational view similar to FIG. 4 illustrating
the first latch element in the configuration of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the first latch element of FIG. 9 and
of the second latch element in engagement therewith;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line 11--11 of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary perspective view similar to FIG. 8
illustrating the first latch element in a latched position with the
follower positioned for a subsequent rotation to the unlatched
position;
FIG. 13 is a fragmentary perspective view similar to FIG. 12
illustrating the first latch element in the unlatched position with
the follower engaging a second stop;
FIG. 14 is a rear elevational view of the first latch element in
the configuration of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the first latch element of FIG. 14 and
the second latch element in engagement therewith; and
FIG. 16 is a fragmentary perspective view similar to FIG. 13
illustrating the first latch element in a transition step between
the unlatched position of FIG. 13 and the latched position of FIG.
3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings, and initially to FIG. 1 thereof,
there is illustrated an automatic clothes dryer 10 having a
tumbling basket 11 arranged for rotation about the horizontal axis.
The basket 11 is mounted within an outer cabinet 12, and a door or
closure 13 is provided on the cabinet for access to the interior of
the basket. During the operation of the machine 10 warm dry air is
blown into the basket 11 through an opening 14 in a rear bulkhead
closing the back of the basket. After passing through the basket
and extracting moisture from the clothes therein, this air is then
discharged into an exhaust opening 15 through a passageway 16 in
the door 13. It will be understood that the dryer is provided with
suitable air moving and heater means for creating this flow of warm
dry air.
Door 13 may comprise an assembly of an outer door panel 17 and an
inner door panel or first member 18 secured together with
appropriate fasteners (not shown). The door 13 is hinged along a
vertical axis by means of hinges 19 secured to inner door panel or
first member 18 and to a front cabinet panel or second member 20.
To facilitate continuity in describing my invention in conjunction
with later figures in which only the first member 18 of door 13 is
illustrated, it should be understood that reference to movement of
first member 18 necessarily implies integral movement of door 13,
of which first member 18 is a part. Member 18 is movable toward
member 20 to a closed position and away from member 20 to the open
position of FIG. 1. In order to hold the door 13 in the closed
position during operation of the dryer 10, a push release latch is
provided comprising a first latch element 21 carried by first
member 18 and a second latch element 22 carried by the second
member 20.
As will be explained in detail in conjunction with later figures,
at least one of the latch elements 21 and 22 is adapted for
rotation relative to the other latch element between a latched
position and an unlatched position. Furthermore, at least one of
the latch elements 21 and 22 has a cam means associated therewith
for rotating at least one of the latch elements toward the
unlatched position when members 18 and 20 are moved toward each
other from the closed position. By this arrangement, members 18 and
20 may be released by the latch from the closed position by moving
the members 18 and 20 toward each other from the closed
position.
To provide a clearer understanding of the structure and operation
of my latch, reference is made to FIG. 2 which illustrates members
18 and 20 in the closed position and latch elements 21 and 22 in
the latched position. The first latch element 21 includes a strike
23 which projects from member 18. The second latch element 22
includes a catch spring 24 secured within a cavity 25 defined by
wall 26 and other walls (not shown) which are integral with second
member 20. Catch spring 24 is substantially C-shaped, the outer
legs of which converge to produce a restricted opening 27 and then
diverge to produce a smooth entrance to the restricted opening
27.
Strike 23 comprises a thin circular portion 28 disposed adjacent to
and parallel with first member 18 and a projecting portion 29 which
extends from the circular portion 28 in a plane perpendicular
thereto. Projecting portion 29 narrows from a region 30 of
relatively large cross-sectional area to a region 31 of constant,
relatively small cross-sectional area. From region 31, projecting
portion 29 widens to form an enlarged sector 32 and terminates
forming a blunt-pointed or rounded tip 33.
As is readily apparent, the strike 23, and particularly the
projecting portion 29 thereof is of complex configuration. Each of
the various formations thereon has a specific purpose.
Blunt-pointed or rounded end 33 enables the projection of enlarged
sector 32 through restricted opening 27 when door 13 moves from the
open position of FIG. 1 to the closed position of FIG. 2. Enlarged
sector 32 cooperates with restricted opening 27 to hold door 13 in
the closed position. Although restricted opening 27 is smaller than
enlarged sector 32 and will thereby normally serve to hold strike
23 in the latched position, should a child be trapped within the
dryer 10, an outward force on door 13 from the interior of the
cabinet 12 will cause strike 23 to disengage catch spring 24
permitting door 13 to be moved to the open position. It should be
understood, however, that this method of unlatching, wherein strike
23 is forcefully withdrawn from catch spring 24, is not the normal
mode of unlatching movement, but is provided as a safety
precaution.
As will be explained in greater detail in conjunction with later
figures, normal unlatching is accomplished by causing strike 23 to
rotate, thereby aligning the plane of projecting portion 29 with
restricted opening 27 whereby the projecting portion 29 and
enlarged sector 32 no longer restrictively engage catch spring 24
and may be withdrawn therefrom with minimal force. To provide for
such strike rotation, cam surfaces 34 and 35 are formed between
regions 30 and 31 on strike 23. Cam surfaces 34 and 35 are inclined
from the plane of projecting portion 29 and are adapted to
cooperate with restricted opening 27 such that when members 18 and
20 are moved toward each other from the closed position, strike 23
is caused to rotate in the direction of arrow 36 toward the
unlatched position.
The portion of the first latch element 21 illustrated in FIG. 2 is
only that portion which projects from first member 18. In order to
support strike 23 for rotation, a shaft portion 37 of strike 23
extends through an opening in first member 18 and into the inner
door chamber defined by the inner and outer door panels 17 and 18
as shown in FIG. 3. Associated with shaft portion 37 is a rotation
control means 38 which is adapted to require a specific sequence of
strike rotation before the strike 23 may assume the unlatched
position. Such rotation control means is desirable in order to
provide for the problem of "overclosure" which may occur when
member 18 is moved toward member 20 with such closure force as to
cause enlarged sector 32 to project through restricted opening 27
and also to cause cam surfaces 34 and 35 to engage the catch spring
whereupon strike 23 is rotated toward the unlatched position. Such
"overclosure," unless provided for with specific strike rotation
control means, may result in the door 13 latching and unlatching in
the same closure movement.
Rotation control means 38 operates to require rotation of strike 23
in the direction of arrow 36 to a position intermediate the latched
and unlatched positions, and a return rotation to the latched
position before the strike 23 is released by the rotation control
means for subsequent rotation to the unlatched position. By such an
arrangement, should overclosure occur, rotation control means 38
will permit rotation of strike 23 only so far as the intermediate
position, and will require a return rotation to the latched
position before the door may be opened. A subsequent movement of
member 18 toward member 20 is then required to rotate the strike to
the unlatched position thereby releasing the door 13 for movement
to the open position.
Rotation control means 38, as seen in FIG. 3, comprises an arm 39
secured to shaft portion 37 for rotation therewith, a first cam 40
carried by the arm 39, and a second cam 41 supported from the first
member 18. A cam follower 42 is pivotally mounted about shaft
portion 37 at one end 43 thereof and is engageable with first and
second stops 45 and 46 at the other end 44 thereof. Intermediate
its ends, 43 and 44, cam follower 42 rests on first cam 40 between
end surfaces 47 and 48. Resilient means comprising a compression
coil spring 49 operates between a spring slip 50 secured to shaft
portion 37 and the end 43 of follower 42, to bias follower 42
toward arm 39. This resilient mounting of follower 42 permits its
movement along cam surface 40 from a first position engaging end
surface 47 to a second position engaging end surface 48.
A biasing means is preferably provided to bias strike 23 toward its
latched position. Such biasing means may comprise a torsion spring
or the like, but is shown in FIG. 3 as comprising a weight 51
secured to arm 39 and positioned relative to shaft portion 37 so as
to exert a torque in the opposite direction of arrow 36. The
rotation of arm 39 in the direction opposite arrow 36 by weight 51
is limited by a stop 52 secured to first member 18.
In an analogous fashion to the operation of stop 52 which limits
the rotation of arm 39 in one direction, rotation control means 38
operates to provide two alternatively operable stops 45 and 46 to
limit the rotation of arm 39 in the other direction. To understand
the operation of stops 45 and 46, it is important to understand the
relative positions of "heights" of cams 40 and 41, stops 45 and 46,
and end surfaces 47 and 48. Referring to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 in
conjunction with FIG. 3, and particularly to FIG. 5, it will be
seen that the "lowest" position occupied by follower 42 is when
follower 44 engages end surface 47 of cam 40, the follower in this
position fitting into the deep recess at the left-hand end of the
cam (as viewed in FIG. 3). By the term "lowest" is meant the
position wherein follower 44 most nearly lies parallel to arm 39.
In this lowest position, rotation of arm 39 by strike 23 in the
direction of arrow 36 will cause follower 42 to engage the
cup-shaped end portion of stop 45, which is positioned at the same
height above or outward from first member 18 as is follower end 44.
The next highest stable position that may be assumed by follower 42
is adjacent end section 48 of first cam 40, the follower in that
position having ridden out of the recess in the cam 40 and onto the
raised section adjacent stop 48. The highest position which
follower 40 may assume, as will be illustrated in later figures, is
atop second cam 41. It will be seen that stop 46 and end surfaces
47 and 48 extend upwardly or outwardly to a position above the
aforedescribed highest position assumed by follower 42.
Before describing the operation of the rotation control means 38,
reference is made to FIG. 7 which illustrates the unlatched
position of my latch. In the unlatched position, strike 23 has
rotated from the latched position of FIG. 2 in the direction of
arrow 36 a total of 90.degree.. Such rotation serves to align the
plane of projecting portion 29 with restricted opening 27 and to
alleviate the restrictive frictional latching engagement between
catch spring 24 and enlarged sector 32. In this position, a
resilient gasket (not shown) which may be positioned between
members 18 and 20 to provide an air seal therebetween and which is
normally compressed when members 18 and 20 are moved to the closed
position will urge member 18 to move away from member 20 toward the
open position.
Turning now to the operation of my device and beginning with the
closed position illustrated in FIGS. 2-6, when members 18 and 20
are moved toward each other from the closed position, strike 23 and
attached arm 39 will be rotated in the direction of arrow 36 by the
engagement between catch spring 24 and cam surfaces 34 and 35. As
arm 39 rotates, follower end 44 engages stop 45. Continued rotation
of arm 39 causes follower 42 to move along first cam 40 to a
position adjacent end surface 48 as illustrated in FIGS. 8-11. When
this position has been attained, strike 23 is prevented from
rotating further in the direction of arrow 36 by the engagement of
end surface 48 with the follower 42 which is being held by stop 45.
The position of FIGS. 8-11 is intermediate to the latched and
unlatched positions; yet, as is seen in FIG. 11, enlarged sector 32
is retained within catch spring 24 and door 13 is therefore held
closed.
At this point, it is important to note the operational movement of
stop 45 as is best illustrated by comparing its position in FIGS. 5
and 10. Stop 45 comprises a resilient arm 53 secured at one end
through a spacer 54 to first member 18. In the transition between
the positions of FIGS. 5 and 10, stop 45 arches upwardly while
still retaining follower end 44.
When the force tending to move member 18 toward member 20 is
released, catch spring 24 disengages cam surfaces 34 and 35, and
weight 51 causes arm 39 and strike 23 to rotate in the direction
opposite arrow 36. During such counterrotation, follower end 44
disengages stop 45 yet remains positioned on first cam 40 adjacent
end surface 48. The extent of counterrotation is limited by stop
52, and the first latch element 21 comes to rest in the position of
FIG. 12. As follower end 44 no longer engages stop 45, the stop 45
and resilient arm 53 return to their normal horizontal position as
illustrated in FIG. 5.
In the position of FIG. 12, the first latch element 21 is "cocked"
for unlatching. Any subsequent movement of member 18 toward member
20 will result in follower end 44 passing "above" or out of range
of stop 45 which will permit strike 23 to rotate completely to the
unlatched position of FIG. 7. It is the function of the rotation
control means 38 to operate as aforedescribed to require this
"cocking" of the first latch element 21 before unlatching may be
accomplished in order to provide for the problem of overclosure.
For example, should overclosure occur, door 13 and first latch
element 21 will be moved from the open position of FIG. 1 through
the closed position of FIG. 2 to the intermediate position of FIG.
8 whereupon strike rotation will be terminated by first stop 45 as
aforedescribed, and the first latch element 21 will then
counterrotate to the position of FIG. 12. Here the requirement of
"cocking" the first latch element 21 prohibits the complete
unlatching of door 13 during overclosure.
Therefore, it will be understood that the position of FIG. 12 may
be achieved either by the steps of normal closure followed by
manual movement of member 18 toward member 20, or by the single
step of overclosure. From the cocked position, strike 23 and arm 39
will once again rotate in the direction of arrow 36 toward the
unlatched position as member 18 is moved toward member 20.
Rotation in the direction of arrow 36 is limited at this time not
by first stop 45 but by second stop 46. It will be seen in FIGS.
13-15 that immediately before strike 23 reaches the unlatched
position, follower end 44 is lifted off first cam 40 by an inclined
portion 55 of second cam 41. Rotation is then limited by contact
between follower 42, second stop 46 and end surface 48. At this
point, strike 23 has assumed the unlatched position of FIG. 7, and
as previously explained, door 13 may be moved to the open position.
Thereafter weight 51 once again causes counterrotation of arm 39 in
the direction opposite arrow 36.
During such counterrotation, end surface 47 contacts follower 42
and causes it to move along second cam 41 as shown in FIG. 16.
Follower 42 then drops off second cam 41 and onto first cam 40
adjacent end surface 47. In returning to the latched position of
FIGS. 3-5, follower end 44 contacts the rear curved face of stop 45
causing stop 45 to deflect downwardly permitting passage of the
follower end 44. Once again the first latch element 21 assumes the
position of FIGS. 3-5. Subsequent movement of door 13 to the closed
position will either result in strike 23 engaging catch spring 24,
as shown in FIG. 2, and the first latch element 21 assuming either
the position of FIG. 3 or of FIG. 12, depending on whether or not
overclosure occurs as explained above.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various minor
modifications of structural design and arrangement may be made to
facilitate production and to reduce stresses on the components of
my latch. For instance arm 39 may be recessed into door panel or
first member 18 such that the function of stop 52 is performed by
the recess. Likewise the alignment of restricted opening 27,
projecting portion 29, and stop 46 may be adjusted such that
follower 42 will not contact end surface 48 in the unlatched
position, thereby reducing stress on the latch components.
As was previously mentioned, my latch is particularly adapted for
use in connection with appliance cabinets and the like wherein it
is desirable to provide a latch mechanism of the push-to-release
type which is of simple construction and which will releasably
retain the closure in a latched configuration despite any
overclosure action which may occur in latching. From the foregoing
description it should now be apparent that the present invention,
comprising only a few moving parts adapted to interact to overcome
the problem of overclosure, provides such a latch which is well
suited for service on appliance and other cabinets.
As will be evident from the foregoing description, certain aspects
of the invention are not limited to the particular details of the
construction of the example illustrated, and it is contemplated
that various other modifications or applications will occur to
those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended to cover such
modifications and applications as do not depart from the true
spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *