U.S. patent number 3,603,006 [Application Number 05/053,759] was granted by the patent office on 1971-09-07 for footwear article.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The General Tire & Rubber Company. Invention is credited to Dallas N. Davenport, Sidney Z. Smith.
United States Patent |
3,603,006 |
Davenport , et al. |
September 7, 1971 |
FOOTWEAR ARTICLE
Abstract
The conventional step-in or slide-on slipper tends to loosen and
slide off the front of the foot during normal walking motion.
Binding or otherwise tightly clasping the slipper to the foot
defeats the general purpose of the slipper as an easily attired
article of footwear. This invention is an article adapted to be
rapidly assembled into a slipper of the step-in or slide-on type
that remains comfortably loose during wearing and is adapted to
remain secured to the foot during walking or other foot
movement.
Inventors: |
Davenport; Dallas N. (Seabrook,
NH), Smith; Sidney Z. (Worcester, MA) |
Assignee: |
The General Tire & Rubber
Company (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
21986347 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/053,759 |
Filed: |
July 10, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
36/11.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B
3/106 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A43B
3/10 (20060101); A43b 003/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;36/11.5,9R,9A |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lawson; Patrick D.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A flat, flexible article adapted for assembly into a
self-retaining slipper comprising:
a. an elongated sole portion having front and rear ends forming the
sole of the slipper;
b. a first pair of straps extending outward from the front end of
said sole portion, one on either side thereof and adapted to be
folded and joined into a loop to enclose the toes and other frontal
portions of the foot;
c. means in combination with said first pair of straps for joining
the ends of said straps together;
d. a second pair of straps located rearward of said first pair of
straps extending outward from said sole portion, one on either side
thereof, and adapted to be folded and joined into a loop that
encircles the foot rearward of the foot ball mass; and,
e. means in combination with said second pair of straps for joining
the ends of said straps together;
f. wherein said second pair of straps are characterized by forming
rearwardly extending notches at the frontmost junction with said
sole portion having the closed ends thereof extending toward the
rear end of said sole portion.
2. The article of claim 1, wherein said means in combination with
said first and second pairs of straps are adapted to be joined
together at multiple locations along said straps to form a variety
of slipper sizes.
3. The article of claim 1 wherein said means in combination with
said first and second pairs of straps comprise "T-shaped" tabs at
the end of one strap and slits near the end of said other strap for
complemental reception thereof.
4. The article of claim 1 wherein said means in combination with
said first and second pairs of straps comprise buttons at the ends
of one strap and button holes near the end of the other strap for
complemental reception thereof.
5. The flat article of claim 1 wherein said means in combination
with said first and second pairs of straps comprise male snaps at
the end of one strap and female snaps near the end of the other
strap for complemental reception thereof.
6. The article of claim wherein said article comprises a fabric
supported vinyl sheet.
7. The article of claim 1 wherein the major axis of said notch is
substantially parallel to the major axis of said sole portion.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention pertains to the field of footwear. More
particularly, this invention relates to slippers of the step-in or
slide-on type.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Step-in or slide-on type slippers are those that generally comprise
a sole portion and a frontal foot (including toe) encircling
portion and noticeably lacks a heel clasping portion so that they
may be attired by merely sliding one's foot along the sole portion
and into the frontal foot encircling portion. Certain forms of this
slipper are known in the vernacular as "clackers" because of the
noise emitted by the rearward portion of the sole flapping against
the heel of the foot during walking. These slippers are worn by
persons of both sexes and all ages generally indoors but frequently
out of doors and in the home and other areas such as in
hospitals.
The major function of this type of slipper is to protect the foot
during walking. Specifically with regard to use of them in
hospitals, this type of slipper provides the patient with an easily
accessible piece of footwear and for insulation from cold hospital
floors, etc. In addition to these objectives, an additional aspect
in regard to hospital environments that encourages the use of this
type of slipper is that it may be put on and taken off by using the
foot alone, i.e. it generally need not be put on by a third party
(such as a nurse) and does not require the patient to bend over to
tie or otherwise affix the slipper.
A common problem with this type of slipper is that it tends to
slide off the foot. During walking, the weight of the body is
shifted from a rather equal distribution over the entire length of
the foot to the front of the foot that comprises the toes and the
foot ball mass--the latter being the area under the joints of the
toes in the foot--it extends from the ball behind the great or
large toe laterally across the width of the foot and ends at the
ball behind the small toe; reference Human Figure John H.
Vanderpoel, Bridgman Publishers, Inc. New York, 1948. This shift in
weight causes the foot ball mass to temporarily spread thereby
straining the foot-encircling loop of the slipper. Repeated
straining of this loop in combination with the natural perspiration
of the foot soon causes permanent stretching of the slipper loop
and loosening of the slipper; during the forward step when the foot
leaves the ground and the foot ball mass relaxes or narrows, the
forward momentum imposed on the slipper sends it flying off the
foot.
There have been many attempts made at retaining the slipper on the
foot such as by application of bindings to the foot in the form of
thongs, laces, and elastic bands. Many of these cure the tendency
for the slipper to slide off, however, because they are bindings,
they present an uncomfortable aspect and defeat the general purpose
of the slipper as an easily attired article of footwear. Other
methods such as passing a thong or narrow string from the sole up
between the junction of the first and second toes of the foot and
thence splitting it in two bindings that rejoint the sole on either
side of the foot toward the heel has been partially successful,
however, these too are uncomfortable.
In respect of hospital utilization of slide-on type slippers, one
of the most perplexing aspects is that they must be packaged and
boxed in different sizes to fit the different size feet of the
patients. Packaging and boxing are necessary storing methods and
utilize a great amount of storage space. Other disadvantages are
the high initial cost of the slipper and the cost involved in
washing them for reuse.
This invention is a flat article adapted for rapid assembly into a
slipper to conform to a variety of foot sizes that has the unique
aspect being capable of remaining on the foot during all stages of
wearing, e.g. during sitting, walking, and running. The invention
is based upon the discovery of a unique notch design in the foot
encircling loop that permits the slipper to remain loose on the
foot during periods when the foot has no weight upon it and then
acts to gently clasp the slipper to the foot during walking or
running. The slippers of this invention, moreover, are capable of
being worn on either foot without discomfort.
Therefore, the main object of this invention is an article adapted
for assembly into a slipper to fit a wide range of foot sizes.
Other objects include a slipper that will remain securely attached
to the foot during all aspects of walking and running; an article
that may be stored flat and as such require an extremely small
amount of storage space; an article that may be easily fabricated
into the pattern necessary to assemble it into a slipper; an
article that may be made from a wide range of inexpensive
materials; an article that may be assembled into a slipper for
either the left or right foot; and, an article that is disposable
after use by a patient in a hospital without incurring the high
cost of rewashing for reuse.
These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent
to one skilled in the art when reading the subsequent description
of the preferred embodiment in light of the drawings attached
hereto.
SUMMARY
This invention is a flat article adapted for rapid assembly into a
self-retaining slipper comprising an elongated sole portion having
front and rear ends forming the sole of the slipper; a first pair
of straps extending outward from the sole portion, one on either
side thereof and, adapted to be folded and joined into a loop to
enclose the toes and other frontal portions of the foot, means in
combination with the first pair of straps for joining the ends of
the straps together, a second pair of straps located rearward of
the first pair of straps extending outward from the sole portion
one on either side thereof and adapted to be folded and joined into
a loop that encircles the foot rearward of the foot ball mass,
means in combination with the second pair of straps for joining the
ends of the straps together, wherein the second pair of straps are
characterized by forming a rearwardly extending notch at the
frontmost junction with the sole portion, the notch acting to cause
the second pair of straps to retain the slipper on the foot during
flexation thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the preferred embodiment of the article of
this invention.
FIGS. 2 and 3 show the preferred embodiment of the article of this
invention in the form of a slipper positioned on a foot as the foot
is at rest and in motion respectively.
FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are isometric views of different embodiments of
the article of this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
This invention is directed towards step-in or slip-on type slippers
that may find use in both homes and hospitals and that may be made
from a wide variety of materials. The preferred embodiment of this
invention will be directed toward an article easily adapted for use
in hospitals, which it is felt, will derive the most benefit from
this invention. This should not be taken as a limitation to the
utilization of this invention however but merely as the preferred
embodiment thereof.
Referring particularly to the drawings wherein like parts are
designated with like numerals throughout the six figures, FIG. 1
shows a plan view of the preferred embodiment of the article of
this invention. The article in FIG. 1 is comprised of an elongated
sole portion 1 having front end 3 and rear end 5, a first pair of
straps 7 and 9 extending outward from sole portion 1, one on either
side of front end 3, means 11 and 13 in combination with straps 7
and 9 for joining the ends of the straps together, a second pair of
straps 15 and 17 located rearward of first pair of straps 7 and 9,
extending from sole portion 1, one on either side thereof, means 19
and 21 in combination with straps 15 and 17 for joining the ends of
the straps together, and notches 23 and 25 at the frontmost
junction of straps 15 and 17 with sole portion 1 whose specific
function will be herein explained. The symmetrical design of the
article permits the slipper assembled therefrom to be worn on
either foot.
The article depicted in FIG. 1 should be made of flexible sheetlike
material that is able to withstand the rigors of tension and
abrasion placed upon it during utilization as a slipper. Materials
having these specifications are readily available; examples include
plastics, rubbers, certain fabrics, papers, and supported films. As
a specific example of a material that generally meets all the
qualifications for this article is that known as supported vinyl
films. These are laminations of fabrics with a thin film or sheet
of a fused, plasticized, vinyl polymer. These supported vinyl films
are extremely flexible, are highly tear and abrasion resistant and
are waterproof and insulating.
Fabrics for use in supported films may be knit, woven, or unwoven,
however, the knit and the woven type are preferred. These fabrics
may be made from natural fibers such as wool, cotton, and silk,
manmade fibers such as polyester, acrylic, etc., and mixtures
thereof.
The vinyl polymer used to make the film is generally a
thermoplastic vinyl or vinyl-containing polymer or copolymer,
polymerized to a high molecular weight and admixed with a
compatible liquid plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate to form a
pliable mass that is thereafter sheeted out in a calender and fused
to form a film having a thickness varying from 1 to 100 mils. The
vinyl film may in addition contain pigments, fungicides,
bacteriacides, colorants, fillers, and blowing agents. Generally
speaking, the vinyl sheet is either coated with an adhesive and
laminated in a calender with the fabric or the sheet and the fabric
are simultaneously introduced into the nip of a calender roll at a
temperature sufficient to soften the vinyl film and bond the two
together. A host of other materials are as equally adaptable to
this article as is the aforedescribed supported vinyl film.
A unique aspect of the article shown in FIG. 1 is that it may be
made from scrap materials or materials that otherwise would have
litter or no utilitarian value. In the production of supported
films it is widely known that yardage containing printing and other
defects and other spoiled yardage may not be chopped up and reused
as would be the case of nonsupported vinyl films because the
presence of the chopped fabric would interfere with other
subsequent film forming processes. As this material is virtually
useless, it may be stamped or otherwise cutout to form the article
shown in FIG. 1 and used as a disposable slipper for a very low
material cost; the printing and other defects would not generally
destroy its utilization as a slipper. In addition, the flatness of
the material used to make these articles permits them to be stacked
by the hundreds in areas where one or two conventional premolded
slippers are presently stored.
A further unique aspect of the article shown in FIG. 1 is that it
may be assembled into a slipper that will fit either foot. Thus,
all efforts at keeping and storing left-footed and right-footed
slippers are effectively eliminated.
Front end 3 of sole portion 1 in FIG. 1 forms the front or toe end
of the slipper. It is generally a smooth end terminating in a curve
of sufficient radius that, when formed into a loop via straps 7 and
9, the sole-forming portion of front end 3 will be flush with the
ends of the toes and will not drag on the floor to catch or
otherwise cause injury. Similarly, rear end 5 of sole portion 1 has
a straight laterally cut end with rounded corners to be placed
under the heel of the foot.
First pair of straps 7 and 9 extend outward from sole portion 1,
one on either side of front end 3 and are adapted to be folded up
over the sides of the foot and joined together into loop to enclose
the toes and other frontal portions of the foot (reference FIGS. 2
and 3).
Means 11 and 13 are positioned in combination with the ends of
straps 7 and 9 respectively and function to join the ends of the
folded straps together. As shown in this particular embodiment,
means 11 consists of a plurality of slits through straps 7 near the
end thereof wherein the slits are centrally positioned therein
whereas means 13 comprises a T-shaped tab on the end of strap 9.
Joining of straps 7 and 9 is accomplished by folding the outer ends
of T-shaped tab 13 inward in passing the tab through one of the
slits until tab 13 protrudes through the slit and then springs
opened to form the T-shaped tab that is locked in the slit. Means
11 is shown as a plurality of slits so that the wearer may assemble
strips 7 and 9 to fit his particular size foot.
The second pair of straps 15 and 17 also extend one on either side
of elongated sole portion 1 at a slightly acute angle with the
central axis thereof. They are positioned rearward of first pair of
straps 7 and 9 and are adapted to be folded and joined into a
loops, similar to straps 7 and 9, that encircles the foot rearward
of the foot ball mass as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. At or near the
ends of straps 15 and 17 are located means 19 and 21 respectively
for joining the ends of the straps together. In this particular
embodiment, means 19 and 21 comprise slits and a T-shaped tab
combination similar to means 11 and 13, however, other means of
joining the ends of the straps may be used. Examples include
buttons on one strap and corresponding button holes on the other
strap; male snaps on one strap and female snaps on the other strap,
a fibrous pad on the outer side of one strap and a corresponding
fiber-snagging pad affixed to the outer end of the other strap.
These and other means of joining the strap ends may be used and are
fully contemplated herein.
Located at the frontmost junction of straps 15 and 17 with sole
portion 1 are notches 23 and 25 that perform the foot-retaining
function of this invention, i.e. that of retaining the slipper on
the foot during flexation of the foot and slipper during walking.
Notches 23 and 25 are elongated openings having their closed ends
extending toward rear end 5 and preferably are parallel to the
central axis of sole portion 1. The major axis of the notches may
vary from being parallel to the central axis of sole portion 1 up
to nearly 90.degree. therefrom, i.e. more or less perpendicular to
the central axis of the sole portion 1, however it has been found
that the best operation of the slipper is obtained when the major
axis of notches 23 and 25 are parallel or substantially parallel to
the central axis of sole portion 1.
The operation of notches 23 and 25 are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
Notches 23 and 25 permit straps 15 and 17 to join sole portion 1
behind the foot ball mass whereas straps 7 and 9 enclose the toes
and frontal portions of the foot in front of the foot ball mass.
Thus, at total foot relaxation, i.e., in a sitting or standing
position, the slipper is relatively loose on the foot and may
easily be slipped on and off. During flexation of the foot, as in
walking or running, the aforedescribed lateral spreading of the
foot ball mass is permitted to occur unrestrained by either set of
straps and, as the ball mass spreads, the instep of the foot flexes
forward, the front portion of the loop, made by straps 15 and 17,
is pulled to conform to the expansion of the weight-supporting
section of the foot. This tension is transmitted to sole portion 1
and notches 23 and 25. Because of the offset condition created by
notches 23 and 25, the tension at this point tends to bend the sole
portion 1 inward. This mechanical action does not subject the
encircling loop to undue strain by repeated stretching.
Although straps 7, 9, 15, and 17 may be made of elastic or other
stretchable material, there is no requirement whatsoever for such a
construction. Actually, fabric supported vinyl films are not
stretchable and have been found to function exceedingly well in
this article. This all stems from the unique location of notches 23
and 25 in permitting the foot to change shape without straining the
straps.
FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 show other embodiments of this invention. They
all have a sole portion 1 similar in functionality of sole portion
1 shown in FIG. 1 and a toe-retaining loop 27 similar in
functionality to the combination of straps 7 and 9. Each of these
embodiments also incorporates a rearwardly located foot-encircling
strap 29 similar in functionality to the combination of straps 15
and 17 and incorporates a "dogleg" or "reverse bend" configuration
31 having the same function as notches 23 and 25, i.e., it permits
expansion of the foot ball mass during walking motion and gently
retains the slipper on the foot during all motions. These slipper
configurations may be molded in one piece or assembled from a
plurality of parts. In addition, they may be made from relatively
stiffer materials than that of the article shown in FIG. 1.
Examples of these materials include leather, rubber, vinyl and
other plastics, and combinations thereof.
Although this description has been limited to a slipper for
particular use in hospitals, it should be remembered that the
article and slipper of this invention may find use in many other
areas indeed all areas that utilize or deal with footwear.
* * * * *