U.S. patent number 3,602,303 [Application Number 04/687,245] was granted by the patent office on 1971-08-31 for subsea wellhead completion systems.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Amoco Production Company. Invention is credited to Kenneth A. Blenkarn, Riley F. Farris.
United States Patent |
3,602,303 |
Blenkarn , et al. |
August 31, 1971 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
SUBSEA WELLHEAD COMPLETION SYSTEMS
Abstract
This describes a system for use in performing workover
operations on oil and gas wells drilled at marine locations. When
wells are drilled in deep water, e.g., 300 or more feet, it is
usually desirable to have what is known as a bottom or sea floor
well completion. In such completions, the production flow line is
connected into the wellhead. In this invention the wellhead is
provided with a removable cap. When it is desired to work over the
well, the cap is removed and a riser pipe, supported from a vessel
or buoy on the surface, is lowered into sealing engagement with the
wellhead; the riser pipe being vertically aligned with the well.
Operations are then conducted through the riser pipe and the
wellhead. Various configurations or modifications of the interior
of the wellhead are made, including modifications useful for TFL
(through the flow line) tools.
Inventors: |
Blenkarn; Kenneth A. (Tulsa,
OK), Farris; Riley F. (Tulsa, OK) |
Assignee: |
Amoco Production Company
(Tulsa, OK)
|
Family
ID: |
24759651 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/687,245 |
Filed: |
December 1, 1967 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
166/360; 166/363;
166/368 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21B
33/076 (20130101); E21B 33/035 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E21B
33/035 (20060101); E21B 33/076 (20060101); E21B
33/03 (20060101); E21b 033/035 (); E21b
043/01 () |
Field of
Search: |
;166/.5,685,88
;175/7 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Brown; David H.
Claims
We claim:
1. A subsea wellhead completion assembly for mounting on a casing
set in a well which comprises:
a tubing hanger means anchored with respect to said casing;
a tubing string suspended in the well from said tubing hanger
means;
a wellhead control assembly extending above said tubing hanger and
forming a vertical bore therein;
a tubing extension member extending upwardly from said tubing
hanger and in fluid communication with said string of tubing;
means sealing the annular space between the upper end of said
tubing extension and the inner wall of said bore;
lateral outlet means on said wellhead control assembly;
valve means in said tubing extension for establishing fluid
communication between the interior thereof and said outlet
means;
closure means for the top of said wellhead assembly, said closure
means includes:
a utility stub placed on the top of said wellhead assembly;
a cap means sealingly fitted within said utility stub, said cap
having an internal bore with internal latching grooves therein;
latching means for releasably latching said cap to said utility
stub; the top of said tubing extension being provided with means
for connecting into a tubing string.
2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which said tubing
extension includes a removable valve in the upper end thereof.
3. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 including a removable
wire-line operable valve in the upper end of said tubing extension
member.
4. A subsea wellhead completion apparatus in which casing has been
set in the earth beneath a body of water which comprises:
a first blowout preventer means connected to the upper end of said
casing;
an outlet spool having a lateral outlet and connected to the top of
said first blowout preventer;
a second blowout preventer means connected to the upper side of
said outlet spool;
a utility stub connected above said second blowout preventer means,
there being formed a vertical bore through said first blowout
preventer means, said outlet spool, said second blowout preventer
means, and said utility stub;
a tubing hanger in said casing and having a string of tubing
extending downwardly therefrom;
a tubing extension means extending from said tubing hanger upwardly
in said bore, said tubing extension having a valve therein which
can be opened from the surface, the upper end of said tubing
extension having a receptacle for tubing connection, said
receptacle being below said second blowout preventer means;
sealing means just below said receptacle of said tubing extension
means and sealing the annular space between the tubing extension
and the wall of said bore;
removable cap means in the upper end of said utility stub;
and means on the upper end of said utility stub for aiding in
guiding a member into said stub.
5. A subsea wellhead completion assembly for mounting on casing set
in a well which comprises:
a vertical housing means having a vertical bore therethrough and
aligned with said casing;
upper remotely operated valve means for closing the said vertical
bore;
a tubing hanger means anchored with respect to said casing;
a tubing string suspended in the well from said tubing hanger
means;
a tubing extension mandrel means extending upwardly from said
tubing hanger into said vertical bore, said mandrel means including
means sealing the mandrel means with the wall of said bore below
said upper closure means;
lateral outlet means on said housing means and including means
establishing fluid communication with the interior of said tubular
extension mandrel means;
removable means closing the upper end of said tubing extension
mandrel means;
cap means closing the upper end of said vertical bore above said
upper remotely operated valve means.
6. An assembly as defined in claim 5 in which said tubing extension
mandrel has two vertical bores therethrough said lateral outlet
means includes two outlets communicating independently with said
vertical conduits of said tubing extension mandrel, said outlets
being curved to accommodate through-the-flowline tools.
7. A subsea wellhead assembly as defined in claim 5 including a
riser pipe in sealed fluid communication with the bore of said
housing, said riser pipe extending to a nonwater environment so
that well operations can be conducted through said riser pipe.
8. A method of working over a subsea well having a vertical housing
closed at the top and having a lateral outlet therein and tubing
suspended within the well bore and connected to said lateral
outlet, the method which comprises:
opening the top of said housing;
directing one end of a riser pipe to the top of said housing;
connecting said riser pipe to the top of said housing;
connecting said tubing to a nonwater environment through a conduit
in said riser pipe;
closing said lateral outlet;
thereafter removing said tubing from said well through said riser
pipe.
9. A method as defined in claim 8 including the step of killing the
said well by pumping a killing fluid from said nonwater environment
through said tubing to said well.
10. A subsea wellhead completion assembly for mounting on casing
set in a well which comprises:
a vertical housing means having a vertical bore therethrough and
aligned with said casing;
upper closure means for closing the said vertical bore;
a tubing hanger means anchored with respect to said casing;
a tubing string suspended in the well from said tubing hanger
means;
a tubing extension mandrel means extending upwardly from said
tubing hanger into said vertical bore, said mandrel means including
means sealing the mandrel means with the wall of said bore below
said upper closure means;
lateral outlet means on said housing means and including means
establishing fluid communication with the interior of said tubular
extension mandrel means;
removable means closing the upper end of said tubing extension
mandrel means;
a first blowout preventer positioned just above the tubing hanger
and a second blowout preventer means positioned above said tubing
extension mandrel.
11. An assembly as defined in claim 10 in which said housing means
includes at its upper end
a utility stub;
a cap means having an internal bore with an internal groove therein
releasably latched to the upper end of said utility stub;
said assembly further including;
fluid control conduits in the wall of said stub which include
extensions from such conduits to said first and second blowout
control means;
a riser pipe extending from said utility stub to a nonwater
environment, the wall of said riser pipe having control conduits
for mating with the control conduits of said utility stub;
orienting means on said riser pipe and said utility stub for
securing proper alignment between the control fluid conduits of
said riser pipe and those of said utility stub.
12. A method of working over a subsea well having a vertical
housing closed at the top and having a lateral outlet therein and
tubing suspended within the well bore and connected to said lateral
outlet, the method which comprises:
opening the top of said housing;
directing one end of a riser pipe to the top of said housing;
connecting the upper end of said riser pipe to a spar buoy and
adjusting the ballast in said buoy to place said riser pipe in
tension; and
performing workover operations from a nonwater environment through
said riser pipe and said tubing.
Description
This invention relates to completion and workover systems of wells
completed on the floor of a body of water.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
In recent years the search for oil and gas has extended into
water-covered areas. At first this search was in relatively shallow
waters, e.g., 50-100 feet. In water of this depth, either an island
or a platform was built over the proposed well site and the well
was drilled from the island using dry land techniques. The islands
were formed, for example, by dredging up large amounts of gravel
until the islands extended above the surface of the water.
Platforms were ordinarily formed by driving piling or long columns
of steel into the ocean floor and attaching a deck to the ends of
the pilings which extended above the surface of the body of water.
If a commercial well was obtained, the wellhead was on the platform
or the top of the island similarly as on dry land wells. More
recently, the search for oil and gas has extended into deeper
water, for example, up to depths of 400-600 feet or more and in a
few instances even in excess of 1,000 feet. At these depths it is
seldom feasible to build up an island or platform. Consequently,
wells from this depth are drilled from floating vessels. This
drilling technique has advanced quite rapidly, and although there
are still many problems associated therewith, this practice has
been fairly successful. If production of oil is found in paying
quantities, there must be some satisfactory way of completing the
well. This way of completion of the well must provide means for
satisfactory workover operations. Workover operations ordinarily
means any major work performed on a completed well, such as
shooting, acidizing, plugging back, squeeze cementing, repairing
casing or tubing, Hydrafrac treating etc.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Broadly speaking, this invention concerns a novel subsea wellhead
and means associated therewith for performing workover operations.
The well includes the usual tubing hung below a tubing hanger in
the wellhead. A removable mandrel is connected to the tubing and
extends upwardly through a packer set in the bore of the wellhead
assembly which includes blowout preventers. The upper end of the
mandrel is closed. The wellhead assembly includes an outlet spool
having a lateral outlet for connection to a production line. Means
are provided to provide communication between the interior of the
mandrel and such outlet. The wellhead contains a cover and plug
combination which is removed and then a riser pipe is connected to
the wellhead and communicates the wellhead to the surface. Workover
operations are then conducted from the surface through the riser
pipe. The tubing mandrel extension can be removed and the tubing
string pulled if needed.
Various objects and a better understanding of the invention can be
had with the following description taken in conjunction with the
drawings in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a subsea well head
completion;
FIG. 2 illustrates a tool useful for finding the well head of FIG.
1 and in removing the cap therefrom;
FIG. 3 illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1 after the cop has been
removed and a riser pipe connected to the wellhead;
FIG. 4 is a section taken along the line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a section taken along the line 5-5 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is another embodiment of the wellhead completion;
FIG. 7 is another embodiment of the wellhead completion useful for
through the flow line-type completions;
FIG. 8 illustrates downhole equipment for use with the embodiment
of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 illustrates the riser pipe supported by a spar buoy;
FIG. 10 illustrates downhole equipment for use with the embodiment
of FIG. 1.
Attention is first directed to FIG. 1 which shows one embodiment of
a subsea wellhead completion. Shown thereon is a casing 10. Casing
10 is set in the well in a usual manner and is connected to an
ocean floor anchor base, not shown, in any conventional manner.
Rigidly connected to and immediately above casing 10 is a lower
blowout preventer 12, then an outlet spool 14, an upper blowout
preventer 16 and blind rams 18. Above blind rams 18 is a utility
stub 20. A bore 22 extends vertically through elements 12, 14, 16,
18 and 20. This bore has a diameter at least as large as that of
casing 10. In utility stub 20, bore 22 is stepped to accommodate
cap 26.
A wellhead tubing hanger assembly 28 is provided in casing 10 and
tubing 30 is suspended therefrom. Tubing hanger assembly 28 rests
on shoulder 27 in casing 10. A tubing extension mandrel 32 is
connected to tubing 30 at the surface and run as a unit with tubing
30 and tubing hanger 28. The upper end of tubing extension mandrel
32 extends through packer 34 which is latched to the wall of the
bore 22 to prevent upward movement. Suitable packers are
commercially available. Brown Oil Tools, Inc., Houston, Texas,
offers a Model H--1SP mechanical set packer which illustrates a
principle of retrievable packers. Retractable latch projections of
packers 28 and 32 are indicated by reference numerals 28C and 32C,
respectively. A splined leakproof slip joint 39 is provided in
tubing extension 32. This can be similar to that utilized in the
fishing bumper sub sold by Bowen Tool, Inc., Houston, Texas. This
slip joint is used when retrieving packers 28 and 32. The upper end
of tubing extension mandrel 32 is connected to coupling 36 above an
"S" nipple 35 which contains a blanking plug which can be removed
by wire line in a known manner.
Attention will now be directed toward that portion of the
completion system for producing the oil under operating conditions.
Outlet spool 14 has an outlet connection 37 which is connected to a
conduit having remote operated control valve 38. The outlet of 38
goes to connecting conduit 40 which goes to some gathering system.
Tubing extension mandrel 32 is provided with a wire-line operated
valve 42 having ports 44. In an ordinary operations, oil flows
upwardly through tubing 30 out ports 44 and into bore 22 and out
outlet 37 of outlet spool 14. Valve 44 can be a type "S" remote
controlled subsurface valve manufactured by Otis Engineering
Corporation, Dallas, Texas.
Attention will next be directed toward that part of the embodiment
which closes the upper end of bore 22. Plug 26 is latched to
utility stub 20 by latching means 48. Latching means 48 can be
spring biased outwardly into latching slot 49. Levers 48B extend
into bore 56 and when forced downward, unlatch latching means 48. A
seal 50 is provided between plug 26 and upwardly facing internal
shoulder of stub 20. Orienting key 52 is provided on cap 26 to mate
with an orienting slot 51 in an enlarged portion 54 of utility stub
20. As will be seen, this slot is useful in orienting the riser
pipe when it is lowered. Cover 26 is provided with an internal bore
56 having internal latching groove 58. This groove 58 is used for
latching onto the plug when removing it.
A guide cone 60 is permanently attached to the top of utility stub
20. A semicylindrical member 62 is formed at the top of cone 60.
Part of cone 60 is cut away at 64. This forms an open area or
target that is useful for stabbing in the riser pipe or other
equipment. Element 62 is thus used as a "stopper" or fence.
Blowout preventers 12, 16 and rams 18 have control lines 66,68 and
70, respectively. These terminate and engage corresponding conduits
in the utility stub 20 which in turn mate with conduits in the wall
of the riser pipe. (As shown in FIG. 4 and discussed more
completely later.) Slot 51 assures proper alignment of the control
conduits.
Attention is next directed to FIG. 2 which illustrates an apparatus
to be connected to the lower end of a drill string for finding and
removing the cover or cap 26. The upper end of the device contains
threads 74 which can be connected directly into the box end of a
drill pipe or tubing tool joint. The device includes an upper
housing 76, a lower housing section 78 and a jar section 80 between
the two sections. External expandable latches 82 are provided near
the lower end of lower section 78. These are the type which can be
remotely actuated from the surface. Latches 82 can be merely
spring-loaded outwardly extending dogs with a sloping underside.
Jar section 80 is of the type which is commercially available and
is modified to include a flow passage 84 therethrough. Jar section
80 can be "set" in a conventional manner. A bullnose plug 86 having
outlets 88 is provided at the lower end of housing 78.
The walls of upper housing section 76 are provided with upper
single port 94 and a plurality of radially spaced lower ports 96,
an internal sleeve 98 having lower ports 96A which when sleeve 98
is in its lower position register with ports 96. When sleeve 98 is
in its lower position, jet port 94 is open. Sleeve 98 is biased
upwardly by springs 100 and in its upper position sleeve 98 closes
both ports 94 and 96. Shoulders 93 on the inside of upper section
76, limits the upward movement of sleeve 98.
The purpose of port 94 is to provide directing jet for moving the
lower end of the tool in a selected reference to the water. The
direction of the port 94 is obtained by rotating the drill pipe at
the surface in the opposite direction from which it is desired to
move the pipe. A plug 102, having extension 104, is provided for
use in the tool. Plug 102 has a lower shoulder which can seal with
the upper end of sleeve 98. Plug 102 can be dropped into the drill
pipe. Then when it is desired to have a jet from ports 94, fluid
under pressure is pumped down the drill pipe. This contacts the
upper side of plug 102 which forces it downwardly as shoulder 106
of plug 102 contacts the upper end of sleeve valve 98. This forces
the plug and the sleeve valve 98 downwardly collapsing springs 100.
Port 94 is thus opened. This permits the circulating fluid to jet
out ports 94 driving the lower end of the drill pipe in the desired
lateral direction. At the same time that the jet is in operation
scanning ports 96 and 96A are open. This permits sonar unit 108 to
operate. Sonar unit 108 is in or a part of the lower end of the
plug extension 104 and suitable lines 110 extend to the surface.
Sonar unit 108 can be a Model 274 High Resolution Scanning Sonar
System, offered by Edo Western Corporation. This sonar unit has
sufficient resolution to locate the wellhead of the apparatus of
FIG. 1 so that the device of FIG. 2 can be directed toward it.
By using the sonar unit as described above and the jet 94, the
bullnose plug 86 is rapidly directed into guide cone 60 and into
cavity 56 of plug 26 of the wellhead shown in FIG. 1. Quite
frequently cavity 56 will be filled with sand, mud or other debris.
When this occurs, fluid is circulated down through the tool and out
ports 88 of the bullnose plug. This is accomplished by removing
plug 102 so that sleeve 98 is pushed to its upper position. Thus
jets 94 and 96 are closed and all the drilling fluid is circulated
out ports 88. This cleans out the sand, etc., of cavity 56 until
expandable latches 82 can engage groove 58 of plug 26. Latches 48
of plug 26 of FIG. 1 are released by the downward force of plug 86
on latch releasing lever 48B. Then an upward pull is made on the
drill pipe which is transmitted through the device of FIG. 2 to the
cap 26. If a reasonable pull does not remove the plug, jar section
80 is set to aid in removing the plug from its stuck position. Once
the plug is unstuck and unlatched, it is removed to the
surface.
After the plug has been removed to the surface by the operation of
the drill pipe, a riser pipe is lowered into position. This can
conveniently be accomplished by using the device of FIG. 2 to again
locate the wellhead. Then the riser pipe such as 112 shown in FIG.
3 is stripped down over the drill string in a known manner.
Attention is now directed to FIG. 3 which shows the riser pipe 112
in place so that subsequent workover operations can be performed.
As shown in FIG. 3, riser pipe 112 is locked with latch 48A into
slot 49 similarly as was latch 48 in FIG. 1. Means of actuating and
retracting latches 48A are well known. For example, latches 48A can
be hydraulically operated from conduits, not specifically shown, in
the walls of the riser itself. Seals 50A seal similarly as seals 50
in FIG. 1. The wall of riser 112 contains conduits 70A, 68A and 66A
as shown in FIG. 4. These have outward extensions or ports 70B,
68B, and 66B which mate with control conduits 70, 68 and 66,
respectively. This mating is assured by key 52 and orienting slot
51. Then at the surface it is readily seen which conduit controls
which blowout preventer or ram. By proper designation, one can also
determine which conduit at the surface opens and which one closes a
particular blowout preventer, for example. Greater details of this
are not given here as it would be obvious to one skilled in the
art.
FIG. 5 illustrates one means of establishing fluidtight
communication between the conduits 70A, for example, in the riser
and conduits 70B. This includes a stepped piston 200 having seals
202 and 204. An axial conduit 210 extends through the piston. A
spring 206 urges the piston 200 toward stops 208. In operation,
hydraulic control fluid is injected down conduit 70A. The pressure
on the larger head of the piston forces it toward the opening of
conduit 70B, and compresses spring 206 in the process. Thus a
fluidtight connection is made between conduits 70A and 70B. Then
control operations of the valves, etc., can be effected. When
pressure of the control fluid is released, the spring 206 forces
the piston completely back into conduit 70A toward stops 208.
FIG. 10 illustrates a downhole completion embodiment useful with
the device shown in FIG. 1. Tubing 30 extends below annular packer
140 which is set between the tubing and the casing above
perforations 142 in the wall of casing 10. A wire-line operated
valve 144 is placed in tubing 30 just above packer 140. A suitable
valve 144 is an Otis sliding side door, page 3820 in Composite
Catalogue of 1966-67 and published by World Oil, Houston,
Texas.
FIG. 9 illustrates a spar buoy arrangement for use in supporting a
riser pipe to conduct the workover operations described elsewhere.
This includes a large diameter main buoy section 170 having a neck
172 which extends above the surface of the water 174. A work deck
176 having crane 178 is supported by neck 172. Main ballast tank
170 has a series of internal compartments, now shown, and each is
provided with an inlet means 180 and an outlet pump means 182.
These are used to change or control the ballast as desired. If
desired, when pulling tubing, the pulled joints can be hung in neck
172 on racks, not shown, similarly as in a derrick on land
operations. Riser pipe 112 extends downwardly from ballast tank 170
to the wellhead such as shown, for example, in FIG. 3.
Before discussing other embodiments, it is well to discuss how
workover operations take place with the device of FIG. 3 which is
really FIG. 1 with the plug 26 removed and replaced by riser 112
which extends to a ship or floating structure at the surface. We
will next consider the operational procedures of FIG. 1 for
procedure for wire-line workover. The following steps are normally
taken in the sequence given.
PROCEDURE 1
1. A floating support or platform is positioned over the
approximate location of the subsea wellhead.
2. Remove the wellhead protective cap 26 using the tool of FIG. 2
as described above.
3. Lower the riser pipe 112 by stripping it over the drill string
having the sonar system of FIG. 2. Latch the riser pipe onto
utility stub 20. (Remove the drill string and device of FIG. 2 if
the riser pipe were stripped over the drill string.)
4. Tension riser pipe 112 by modifying the ballast in the spar buoy
of FIG. 9. If a floating vessel or a large ship is used, tensioning
can be obtained by the same means as tensioning riser pipe during
drilling operations.
5. Using control line 70, open blind rams 18.
6. Check the pressure in bore 22 above packer 34 to insure that
leaks do not exist.
7. Run tubing string 49 and connect to fitting 36.
8. Remove blanking plug from "S" nipple 35.
9. Close ports 44 of valve 42.
10. The well is now ready for the performance of wire-line work in
conventional manner.
Attention is next directed to FIG. 6 which shows a modification of
the tubing extension mandrel section of FIG. 1. In FIG. 6, tubing
extension mandrel 32A having valve 42A with ports 44A and a slip
joint 39A (similar to slip joint 39 of FIG. 1) is provided between
packers 34A and tubing hanger 28A similarly as in FIG. 1. However,
a second tubing extension 114 having a slip joint 39B extends from
above packer 34A to tubing hanger 28A. This extension 114 has no
valve or port in it but rather is simply a piece of tubing with "S"
nipple 117A and receptacle 36B at the upper end above packer
34A.
The embodiment of FIG. 6 is used in a slightly different manner
from that of FIG. 1. When one wishes to use or perform wire-line
workover in the apparatus of FIG. 5, first perform steps 1 through
6 described above under procedure I, then we continue with the
following Procedure II.
PROCEDURE II
7. Run dual tubing strings and latch onto tubing string receptacles
36A and 36B. The well is now connected for performance or wire-line
work.
We shall now consider operational procedures for performing tubing
pulling operations of the arrangement of FIG. 6.
PROCEDURE III
First perform operations 1 through 6 described in Procedure I.
7 Run dual tubing strings and connect into tubing strings below
blind ram 18.
8. Through the tubing string connected through tubing extension 114
to the annulus, run wire-line tools to open this string to the
annulus 115 as by removing the blanking plug from "S" nipple
117A.
9. Through the well tubing string, run tools to close off flow
ports 44A in valve 42A and then run suitable tools to open the
tubing annulus valve 144 above downhole packer 140.
10. Pump heavy drilling fluid or mud down the tubing string and out
through ports 145 with the returns up annulus 115 and up annulus
tubing string 117. This will kill the well.
11. Retrieve annulus tubing string 117.
12. With wire-line tools unlatch tubing hanger 28A and release
packer 34A and begin pulling the tubing string. Means for pulling
the tubing string are located in a nonwater environment connected
to the upper end of the riser pipe. Such location is preferably the
work deck 176 supported above the body of water.
Attention is next directed to FIG. 7. One way of performing some
downhole operations is to pump certain tools down various flow
lines to the well and then return them with a back pressure. This
requires a minimum of two lines and also requires certain
limitations on the bending radius. Various through-the-flowline
tools, commonly called TFL tools, are commercially available. The
embodiment of FIG. 7 is suitable for use with such TFL tools and
also provides means whereby the tubing strings can be pulled or
wire line equipment used in the event the TFL tools do not succeed.
The primary modification of FIG. 7 from FIG. 1 is between blind ram
18 and tubing hanger 28B. Bore 22A extends between ram 18 and
tubing hanger 28B. Mandrel 126 has a first opening 120 and a second
opening or port 122. These two ports are closely spaced apart
vertically. Port 120 is aligned with conduit 124, likewise port 122
is aligned with conduit 125.
A mandrel 126 having a first vertical conduit 128 and a second
vertical conduit 130 is locked into position in bore 22A. This is
accomplished by sealing and connecting the lower end of mandrel 126
to tubing hanger 28B. Conduit 130 of mandrel 126 is in fluid
communication with production tubing string 132 and conduit 128 is
in fluid communication with tubing string 134. One of the bores 128
or 130 is preferably made of sufficient size so that tubing strings
132 or 134, or both, can be run through their respective bore after
packer assembly 28B is set. This facilitates running of the
equipment into the assembly.
Ports 120 and 122 are aligned respectively with openings of
conduits 124 and 125, respectively. This is insured by orienting
keys 136. Vertically spaced seals 138, 140, 142 are provided to
prevent communication between ports 122 and 120.
FIG. 8 illustrates a downhole tubing arrangement useful for use
with the embodiments of FIG. 7. This includes the lower portions of
tubing strings 132 and 134; a "Y" joint 146 with its upwardly
facing members connecting into tubing 132 and 134. Lower section
148 extends downwardly through downhole annulus packer 150. A
landing nipple 147 is provided in section 148 for receiving and
positioning a TFL tool. "Y" extension 148 extends down to about the
level of perforations 152 in the casing. Tubing string leg 132 has
a lower wire-line operated valve 154 which is placed just above "Y"
146 and an upper wire-ine operated valve 156 which is positioned
near the surface just below wellhead tubing hanger 28B.
Sometimes it is desirable to perform wire-line workover on wells
completed with the system of FIG. 7. This is accomplished by the
following operational procedure.
PROCEDURE IV
Perform steps 1 through 6 of Procedure I.
7. Run dual tubing strings and latch onto tubing receptacles 160
and 160A.
8. Remove the blanking plugs from "S"nipples 162 and 162A.
Deflector means 164 and 164A are attached to the blanking plugs 163
and 163A and thus are removed when the blanking plugs are removed.
As the tubing strings are then free to the surface, conventional
wireline operations can be connected therethrough.
Sometimes it is required to work over the tubing which necessitates
pulling the strings of tubing. When the well is completed as
illustrated in FIG. 7, this can be accomplished by following the
following procedure.
PROCEDURE V
Perform steps 1 through 7 described in Procedure IV.
8. Remove the blanking plugs from "S" nipples 162 and 162A.
Deflector means 164 and 164A are attached to the blanking plugs 163
and 163A and thus are removed when the blanking plugs are
removed.
9. Referring now to FIG. 8, open valve 154 which is just above
packer 150 and open valve 156 which is just below the tubing hanger
to the annulus. This can be accomplished with either (a) the
pumping down of TFL tools in a known manner or (b) first removing
blanking plugs and deflectors 164 and 164A.
10. Pump drilling fluid down one string 134. This permits killing
the well in a known manner.
11. Unlatch the wellhead mandrel 126 and tubing hanger 28B and
begin pulling tubing.
After the workover operations are completed, the riser pipe 112 is
removed and cap 26 replaced.
While the above embodiments have been shown with a considerable
detail, it is possible to produce other embodiments and
modifications thereof without departing from the spirit and scope
of the invention.
* * * * *