U.S. patent number 3,600,027 [Application Number 04/779,527] was granted by the patent office on 1971-08-17 for tamper proof seal.
Invention is credited to Glenn W. Layman, William P. Noland.
United States Patent |
3,600,027 |
Noland , et al. |
August 17, 1971 |
TAMPER PROOF SEAL
Abstract
A tamper proof seal for the doors of box cars or like
applications comprised of a single elongate plastic strip the ends
of which interlock.
Inventors: |
Noland; William P. (Vandalia,
OH), Layman; Glenn W. (New Carlisle, OH) |
Family
ID: |
25116730 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/779,527 |
Filed: |
November 27, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
292/322;
24/16PB |
Current CPC
Class: |
G09F
3/0352 (20130101); B65D 63/1027 (20130101); B65D
2563/102 (20130101); Y10T 24/1498 (20150115); Y10T
292/50 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
63/10 (20060101); G09F 3/03 (20060101); B65d
055/06 (); B65d 063/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;292/322,317,318,319,320,321,323,324,307 ;24/16PB,3.5PB |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Champion; Marvin A.
Assistant Examiner: McCarthy; Edward J.
Claims
We claim:
1. A tamper proof seal comprising a single elongate strip formed
element having integral therewith to each of its respective ends a
portion of lock, one of said portions being connected to said
element by a weakened section defining a point of severance, said
portions interengaging by a relative approaching motion to form a
lock, a separating motion attempting to disengage said portions
stressing said weakened section and resulting in rupture thereof
before disengagement can take place, the body of said strip element
substantially the length thereof having threadlike form and said
lock portions respectively comprising a knob-shaped projection and
means defining a restricted opening accommodating the entrance of
said knob and formed to restrictively retain the same against
withdrawal, at least one of said lock portions being deformable to
allow entrance of said knob shaped projection through said opening
and being self restoring after entrance of said projection for
retention purposes.
2. A seal as in claim 1 characterized by said means defining said
restricted opening forming a chamber entrance into which is
provided by flange means defining said opening and said projection
is adapted to be permanently received in said chamber in a manner
to relatively seal said single opening.
3. A tamper proof seal comprising a single elongate strip formed
element having integral therewith to each of its respective ends a
portion of a lock, one of said portions being connected to said
element by a weakened section defining a point of severance, said
portions interengaging by a relative approaching motion to form a
lock, a separating motion attempting to disengage said portions
stressing said weakened section and resulting in rupture thereof
before disengagement can take place, said strip element having a
threadlike form throughout its major extent and per se integrating
means to lock one end relative the other and to form a seal of said
one end so as to prevent access thereto for its release from the
other, one of said ends having a knob form and the other end having
means defining a pocket the opening to which is overlapped by means
defining an overhanging restrictive relatively rigid lip, the
relationship of the lip and the knob being such that once the knob
has passed the lip, it cannot be withdrawn.
4. A tamper proof seal comprising a single elongate strip formed
element having integral therewith to each of its respective ends a
portion of a lock, one said portions being connected to said
element by a weakened section defining a point of severance, said
portions interengaging by a relative approaching motion to form a
lock, a separating motion attempting to disengage said portions
stressing said weakened section and resulting in rupture thereof
before disengagement can take place, said strip element having a
threadlike form throughout is major extent and per se integrating
means to lock one end relative the other and to form a seal of said
one end so as to prevent access thereto for its release from the
other, said other end having an integral portion forming a chamber
into which there is a single opening and said one end being adapted
to e permanently received in said chamber in a manner to relatively
seal said opening, said chamber being defined by a projection
formed integral with said strip element, there being tablike means
integral with said projection, a grasp of which will cause a
stabilization of said projection so said one end of said strip
element may be easily and firmly thrust through said single opening
and into said chamber.
5. A tamper proof seal comprising a single elongate strip formed
element having integral therewith to each of its respective ends a
portion of a lock, one of said portions being connected to said
element by a weakened section defining a point of severance, said
portions interengaging by a relative approaching motion to form a
lock, a separating motion attempting to disengage said portions
stressing said weakened section and resulting in rupture thereof
before disengagement can take place, characterized in that
intermediate its end portions said strip element has a threadlike
form, one of said end portions has a knoblike form and the other a
radially oriented projection defining a chamber to which there is a
single opening through which said knob may be thrust to permanently
interlock within said projection, there being a relatively enlarged
extremity on said strip element formed integral with said
projection serving as a stabilizing medium for said projection
during insertion of said knob.
6. A tamper proof seal comprising a single elongate strip formed
element having integral therewith to each of its respective ends a
portion of a lock, one of said portions being connected to said
element by a weakened section defining a point of severance, said
portions interengaging by a relative approaching motion to form a
lock, a separating motion attempting to disengage said portions
stressing said weakened section and resulting in rupture thereof
before disengagement can take place, characterized in that one of
said portions is a socket formed by a cylinder defining a cavity
having a relatively small diameter entrance opening, the other
portion being a knoblike projection formed with a tapered leading
end to penetrate the entrance opening of said cavity and a trailing
end indented to define a shoulder large in diameter as compared to
said small diameter entrance opening and which after penetrating
said entrance opening to enter said cavity is denied withdrawal,
said element being formed of a plastic deformable material.
7. A tamper proof seal according to claim 6, wherein the weakened
section defining the point of severance is a section connecting
said shoulder to said element.
Description
This invention relates to seals and more particularly to
improvements in seals of the type used for railroad freight cars
and similar applications. The purpose of such seals is to show
immediate and obvious visual evidence of tampering. Once tampering
is indicated, the contents of the sealed chamber can be immediately
checked. If theft has occurred, then the matter can be pursued
without delay.
Seals of the type described have appeared in many forms, each
evidencing a common objectionable feature. A universal problem in
their use is that their construction generally lends itself to
disengagement and reengagement by adept persons of criminal intent.
In most cases of this nature, the tampering which has occurred is
not readily apparent on a quick glance. The obvious result is that
by the time the contents of an enclosure are physically checked,
the thief is long gone. Many of the prior art seals are also
difficult and expensive to fabricate and sometimes difficult to
manipulate and use.
For example, one prior art seal most widely used is comprised of a
wire and lead disc having parallel bores. In application, the ends
of the wire are threaded through the bores, whereupon a tool is
applied to compress the lead disc whereby to frictionally engage
the ends of the wire and hopefully form a fixed loop. While
generally adequate, many times an end of the wire can be withdrawn
and the seal removed and then replaced without it being obvious, on
a casual inspection, that this has occurred. Any one of criminal
intent can obtain a tool to compress the lead disc once the wire is
reinserted. There is no uniformity in applying such a seal. It is
of course obvious that not only is such a seal of two parts but it
requires a tool for its application.
Other seals have been of a more or less singular form but their
composition and configuration quite involved. In substantially each
case where the seal is closed upon itself there is left access to
the interlocked parts enabling their disengagement without obvious
damage. This enables removal and replacement which is again
inobvious on casual inspection.
The present invention obviates the above problems. It provides a
seal of unitary threadlike form having integral integral therewith
portions which interlock to provide a loop which is permanent until
a part thereof is physically and obviously severed. Any such
occurrence is obvious at a glance.
It is therefore a primary object of the invention to provide an
improved seal used on box cars and for like applications which is
economical to fabricate, more efficient and satisfactory in use,
adaptable to wide variety of applications and unlikely to
malfunction.
A further object of the invention is to provide a unique tamper
proof seal for enclosures, such as box cars for example.
Another object of the invention is to provide a tamper proof seal
having a threadlike body and integrated minute portions which will
interlock to form a closed loop which cannot be opened except by an
obvious severing.
An additional object of the invention is to provide a tamper proof
seal possessing the advantageous structural features, the inherent
meritorious characteristics and the means and mode of operation
herein described.
With the above and other incidental objects in view as will more
fully appear in the specification, the invention intended to be
protected by Letters Patent consists of the features of
construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of
operation as hereinafter described or illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, or their equivalents.
Referring to the accompanying drawing wherein is shown one but
obviously not necessarily the only form of embodiment of the
invention,
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the tamper proof seal of the
invention in its naturally extended form;
FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in its operative condition;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the seal of FIGS. 1 and 2 as
applied to the doors of a box car or other enclosure;
FIG. 4 is a detailed illustration of the simple but effective
manner the device of FIG. 1 may be closed on itself; and
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate the only manner in which the invention
seal may be opened.
Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference
throughout the several views.
As seen in the drawings, the invention embodiment there illustrated
comprises an elongate flexible strip of plastic. Its body 10 has an
integrally molded threadlike form. At its one end the body 10 has a
small knoblike extremity 11 which is the case illustrated has a
conical form. Immediately preceding the knob 11 the body 10 is
necked at 12. The reduced cross section produced by the neck 12
dictates a point of severance, as will be further described.
Formed integral with the opposite end of the body 10 is a radially
oriented projection 13 which has a cylindrical form. At its one end
the cylinder 13 has a planar surface 14 approximately coplanar with
an adjacent surface portion of the uniform thread strip
constituting the major extent of body 10. Formed inwardly of the
surface 14 is cavity 15 to which there is a single opening 16. The
latter is defined by a recessed annular flange 17 formed internally
of and transverse to said cavity 15 adjacent the end surface 14 of
the cylinder 13. The cross-sectional area of the opening 16 is
sufficiently less than the greatest cross-sectional dimension of
the knob 11 that on insertion of the knob in the cavity 15 it
cannot be extracted without breaking off. The flange 17 has
sufficient give only to pass the knob 11 on physical thrust thereof
into the cavity but not sufficient to permit its withdrawal once
inserted.
Formed integral therewith at its surface 14 the cylindrical
projection 13 has a coplanar relatively rigid tab 19. The latter
has a relatively enlarged disc shape as compared to the size of the
cylinder to facilitate grasp thereof between the thumb and
forefinger in a manner to stabilize the position of the cylinder 13
when required for insertion of the knob 11.
Thus, the body 10 is continuously integrated form and its
configuration is extremely simple. As may be seen in FIG. 1, its
molding presents no particular technical problems. FIG. 3
schematically illustrates its application to seal an enclosure such
as a box car, for example. Here the seal is schematically shown as
threaded through staplelike devices 20 fixed to project
perpendicularly to a door or lid closure element and an adjacent
wall surface of the primary structure, across an opening of which
the door closes to form a seal. As may be readily seen, the one end
including the knob 11 is passed through and about the staples 20 by
the fingers on one hand while the thumb and forefinger of the other
hand may securely grasp and hold the tab 19. Viewing FIG. 4, with
the cylinder 13 firmly supported thereby, the knob 11 is thrust
past the flange 17 and into the cavity 15. As this occurs, the head
or knob 11 is somewhat compressed on moving through the opening 16
and when fully in the cavity it expands and is permanently
interlocked by engagement under the flange 17 in an obvious manner.
The neck 12 fills the opening 16 as this occurs.
Since there is no access to cavity 15 at this point, the only way
the seal may be removed from is position about staples 20 is by
attempting to pull knob 11 from the cavity 15. The structure,
nature and relative firmness and dimensioning of the interrelated
segments of body 10 is such that before the knob 11 can be
extracted it will break away from the neck 12. It will therefore be
seen that one cannot tamper with the seal so provided; the
tampering being immediately apparent at a glance since it will
result in a complete breakage of the seal with no means remaining
for reasonably interconnecting the severed parts.
Accordingly, the importance and benefits of the invention seal are
readily apparent as contrasted to similarly used seals of the prior
art. It provides not only a tamper-proof seal but one which is
exceedingly economical to make, very easy to manipulate and of
unitary simple form. It will be obvious, moreover that the knob 11
and neck 12 may have shape other than that here shown without
departing from the invention concepts. Such and other obvious
modifications are considered part and parcel of the teachings here
disclosed.
From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus
provided a device of the character described possessing the
particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable,
but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its form,
proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts without
departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its
advantages.
While in order to comply with the statute the invention has been
described in language more or less specific as to structural
features, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited
to the specific features shown, but that the means and construction
herein disclosed comprise but one of several modes of putting the
invention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimed in
any of its forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid
scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *