U.S. patent number 3,598,941 [Application Number 05/045,844] was granted by the patent office on 1971-08-10 for waterproof electrical switch controlled by plug insertion into and removal from receptacle.
Invention is credited to Gunnar I. Nelson.
United States Patent |
3,598,941 |
Nelson |
August 10, 1971 |
WATERPROOF ELECTRICAL SWITCH CONTROLLED BY PLUG INSERTION INTO AND
REMOVAL FROM RECEPTACLE
Abstract
A waterproof electrical switch or trip-free, circuit breaker
controlled by the presence or absence of an electrical plug in a
mating receptacle. During insertion of the plug into the
receptacle, one of the plug pins engages and operates mechanism to
turn the switch or circuit breaker on. Conversely, withdrawal of
the plug from the receptacle turns the switch off or prepares the
trip-free, circuit breaker for resetting. The switch preferably
control energization of the receptacle. Thus, the receptacle is
energized only when the plug has been inserted, and is deenergized
in response to removal of the plug or tripping of the circuit
breaker.
Inventors: |
Nelson; Gunnar I. (Fort Lee,
NJ) |
Family
ID: |
21940178 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/045,844 |
Filed: |
June 12, 1970 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
800863 |
Feb 20, 1969 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/51.09;
439/278 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01R
13/7036 (20130101); H01R 13/713 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01R
13/70 (20060101); H01R 13/703 (20060101); H01R
13/713 (20060101); H01h 033/54 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/51.09,51.07,51.08,82D ;339/6R,6C,6M,94R,94A,94C,94L,94M |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schaefer; Robert K.
Assistant Examiner: Ginsburg; M.
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending
application serial no. 800,863, filed Feb. 20, 1969, and now
abandoned.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege I claim are defined as follows:
1. In a waterproof device having an electrical switch with an
operating handle and an electrical receptacle for receiving a
multipin electrical plug wherein one pin of the plug engages an
open sleeve having a solid wall portion and a slotted wall portion
so as to actuate a movable rod upon insertion into the receptacle
to move the electrical switch operating handle from its OFF
position to its ON position, the improvement which comprises:
a waterproof O-ring around the rod located such that the O-ring
remains within the solid wall portion of the sleeve regardless of
the position of the rod
at least one sleeve of the receptacle having a longitudinal opening
at each end thereof separated by a solid portion and a waterproof
O-ring surrounding the solid portion to preclude passage of water
from one side of the solid portion to the other;
one of the longitudinal openings being shaped to receive a pin of
the plug;
the other of the longitudinal openings being shaped to receive and
connect to a bared end of an electrical lead; and
additional waterproof means to preclude passage of water from one
end of the receptacle to the other.
2. The invention of claim 1 including:
a box for mounting the electrical switch therein;
means for mounting the electrical receptacle to the box so as to
prevent passage of water therebetween;
the electrical receptacle having a shell and an insert and
including a waterproof O-ring between the shell and the insert to
prevent passage of water therebetween.
3. The invention of claim 2 including:
a longitudinal hollow casing mounted at one end thereof to the
operating handle of the electrical switch and at the other end
thereof to the rod; and
restoring means connected between the operating handle and the box
so that when the plug is removed from the receptacle, the
electrical switch is moved from its ON to its OFF position.
4. The invention of claim 3 wherein:
the hollow casing is provided with a slot therein and the rod is
provided with a pin adjacent the end mounted to the hollow
casing;
the pin being engaged within the slot so as to be movable with
respect thereto; and including:
a lost motion means mounted in the hollow casing to compensate for
any overtravel of the rod.
5. The invention of claim 4 wherein the lost motion means is a
spring.
6. The invention of claim 5 wherein the restoring means is a
spring.
7. The invention of claim 4 wherein the restoring means is a
spring.
8. The invention of claim 3 wherein the restoring means is a
spring.
Description
The invention relates to electrical switches or trip-free circuit
breakers which are controlled by plug insertion into and removal
from a mating receptacle. More particularly, the invention is
directed toward providing such systems wherein the receptacle is
waterproof when the plug is inserted therein or removed therefrom.
Thus, the system may be used on shipboard without damage or injury
even when the receptacle cap is open or no plug is inserted
therein.
The prior art discloses various arrangements in which the operating
handle of an electrical switch or a trip-free, circuit breaker is
actuated by external mechanism. Furthermore, some prior art devices
are waterproof when the plug is inserted in the receptacle but are
susceptible to the introduction of water therein when the plug is
removed therefrom.
Some of the prior art devices relate to the control of a switch by
the insertion of a plug into and its removal from its mating
receptacle. There is also some indication in the prior art that
such a combination may be used with the so-called trip-free circuit
breakers. By "trip-free circuit breakers" is meant those devices
which trip internally on overload without moving the external,
operating handle from its ON to its OFF position. However, such
prior art devices do not provide a waterproof receptacle when the
plug is removed and the receptacle is open. Moreover, these prior
art devices are not waterproof when the plug is inserted in the
receptacle.
In accordance with the present invention, mechanism is provided to
operate the handle of a switch or circuit breaker to turn the
switch on and off. This mechanism is operated and controlled by
insertion of an electrical plug into a mating receptacle. Since
such plug-receptacle combinations are often used on ships in
various locations which are often awash with water, it is very
important that they be waterproof.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention disclosed herein, the
switch-operating mechanism includes a member extending into the
receptacle and adapted to be engaged and moved by one of the pins
of the plug when the plug is inserted into the receptacle. This
movement of the member, through suitable linkage connecting it to
the switch-operating handle, turns the switch on. Removal of the
plug from the receptacle controls turning off of the switch or the
return of the handle of a trip-free breaker to its OFF position,
the power for the turning-off or return to OFF operation being
provided by a return spring. Since a "trip-free" circuit breaker is
one in which the toggle handle remains stationary during overload
or short-circuit tripping and opening of the internal circuit
breaker pole contacts, this permits overload or short-circuit
tripping with the plug engaged. Resetting a "tripped" circuit is
accomplished by withdrawing and reinserting the plug.
Such an arrangement makes it possible to control energization of
the receptacle in response to whether or not the plug is in the
receptacle. Thus, by suitably electrically connecting the switch to
the receptacle so that the receptacle is energized only when the
switch is on, it will be seen that the receptacle will be normally
deenergized, and become energized only when the plug is placed in
the receptacle. Hence, the receptacle when open, i.e., without the
plug in, presents no shock or other hazards, particularly since the
receptacle, even when open, is waterproof.
Furthermore, the usual sparking on insertion or removal of the plug
can be avoided by providing that during plug insertion, the
receptacle energization occurs after the plug first makes
electrical contact with the receptacle; and that during plug
removal, the receptacle is deenergized before the plug breaks
electrical contact with the receptacle.
It is therefore an important object of the present invention to
provide a waterproof plug and receptacle of the type permitting
control of the operation of a switch by the plug being inserted
into and withdrawn from the receptacle.
It is a further object of the invention to provide such a
combination wherein it is possible to control energization of a
receptacle by insertion of a plug into the receptacle and removal
of the plug therefrom.
It is a still further object of the invention to provide such a
system which prevents sparking when a plug is inserted into and
removed from a receptacle.
These and other objects, advantages, features and uses of the
invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the
following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the
invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a vertical, sectional view partly in elevation of a
preferred embodiment of the invention, showing the plug out of the
receptacle and the switch in the OFF condition;
FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the receptacle of FIG. 1 with
the cover plate of the box removed;
FIG. 3 is a plan view taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 2 viewed in the
direction of the arrows;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 showing the plug
inserted in the receptacle;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view, taken on the lines 5-5 of
FIG. 2, viewed in the direction of the arrows; and
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the linkage between the rod and the
operating handle of the switch.
In the drawings, wherein, for the purpose of illustration, is shown
a preferred embodiment of the invention, reference numeral 2
designates an electrical switching means. Switching means 2 can be
any conventional type of switch, combined switch and circuit
breaker, or trip-free circuit breaker. It includes the usual
externally projecting setting adjusting or operating handle member
2a, preferably of the toggle type, settable to its respective lower
and upper OFF and ON positions (FIGS. 1 and 4).
Switching means 2 may be housed in an enclosure or box 4. The
latter can conveniently comprise an integral sheet or cast metal
member formed to provide an open-sided enclosure adapted to be
closed by a cover plate 6 removably secured by screws 8 to an
outwardly turned peripheral flange 10 of box 4. A gasket 12 between
cover plate 6 and flange 10 provides a watertight and dustproof
seal.
Switching means 2 is mounted in box 4 in any suitable fashion. For
example, as shown in the drawings it can be held in a standard
clip-type mounting base 14 which is welded or fastened by rivets or
screws to box 4. Box 4 may be provided with one or more cable
clamps or watertight stuffing tubes 21 (FIG. 2) through which the
power input cable or wiring may be passed for connection to the
line side of switch 2.
Box 4 can be secured to any suitable support by bolts or screws
(not shown) adapted to be passed through apertured ears 22 or other
types of mounting brackets on the box.
A plug receptacle assembly 24 of any suitable form is mounted to
the bottom wall 26 of box 4. The plug receptacle assembly as shown
in the drawing is of the three wire, four pole sleeve type, adapted
to receive a corresponding four prong plug 28. The wire connections
from plug receptacle 24 extend through openings in the bottom wall
26. Receptacle 24 is secured to the box 4 in any suitable manner,
for example in the same way that cover plate 6 is secured to the
box. The four pins of plug 28 are adapted to be received
respectively in the four sleeves of the receptacle 24. As will be
described in detail shortly, one of the plug pins 30 in addition to
providing an electrical grounding connection with its sleeve 32,
mechanically controls closure of switch 2 when the plug is
inserted, and opening of the switch or release of the operating
handle when the plug is withdrawn. One or more of the other three
plug pins 34 cooperates in usual fashion with their respective
associated sleeves 36 to establish electrical contact therewith.
While it is preferred that the ground connection be used for the
purpose described, other pins either hot or dead, may also be
used.
It will be understood that the particular circuitry established by
plug inserted into receptacle is of no significance to the present
invention, other than that switching means 2 is part of that
circuitry and energizes receptacle 24 when the switch is closed. In
fact, in certain applications there may not be any electrical
connection between the switch and the receptacle, as for example,
if it is merely desired to control the switch by plug insertion.
For illustrative purposes, switch 2 is shown electrically connected
by lead 38 to one of the sleeves 36 of receptacle 24. It should be
noted that the particular specific details of the receptacle and
plug, including the number of cooperating pin-sleeve pairs, is
immaterial so far as the present invention is concerned.
After insertion of plug 28 into receptacle 24, an internally
threaded sleeve 40 of the former is screwed onto an externally
threaded boss portion 42 of the latter to hold the two securely
together.
The means whereby insertion of plug 28 into receptacle 24 will
cause switching means 2 to close, and removal of the plug will
cause the switching means to open, will now be described.
Loosely and slidably disposed in sleeve 32 of the receptacle is a
rod 44, which functions as an actuating member to operate the
handle of 2a of switch 2. The upper end of rod 44 is loosely
received in a short casing 46 whose upper end is closed as shown at
48. A pin 50 secured to the upper end of rod 44 extends through
aligned elongated slots 52 in casing 46. A yoke 54 embraces the
upper end of casing 46, and is pivotally connected thereto by pin
56 extending through closed end 48. Yoke 54 is rigidly secured to
switch handle 2a by a pin 58. A compression spring 60 is disposed
in casing 46 between rod 44 and closed end 48. Rod 44 is biased
downwardly by a tension spring 62 connected between end 48 and
flange 63. Tension spring 62 must be of sufficient strength to
cause handle 2a to return to the OFF position when the plug 28 is
removed from the receptacle 24.
The positions of the above-described parts when plug 28 is out of
receptacle 24 is as shown in FIG. 1. Under the tension of spring
62, rod 44 is held in its lowered position. Through pin 50 bearing
on the lower ends of slot 52, casing 46 is likewise in lowered
position, whereby switch handle 2a is in its OFF position.
When plug 28 is inserted into receptacle 24, plug pin 30 engages
rod 44 and pushes it upwardly. Through compression spring 60, this
movement of the rod is transmitted to casing 46, which through pin
56 and yoke 54 will shift switch handle 2a upwardly to its ON
position. The use of compression spring 60 to transmit upward,
switch-closing movement of rod 44 to casing 46 enables any excess
travel of the rod to be taken up in compression spring 60, thereby
avoiding damage to the switch handle 2a and the associated switch
mechanism. Slot 52 permits any additional overtravel of rod 44 to
be taken up by movement of the rod pin 50 in slot 52. The
plug-inserted, switch-on final condition of the parts is shown in
FIG. 4.
Of course, as the above switch-closing (or turning on) operation is
being effected by plug pin 30, it is also sliding into and making
electrical contact with its related sleeve 32. Simultaneously, the
other plug pins 34 slide into their related receptacle sleeves 36
to establish electrical connection therewith. Preferably, the parts
are so arranged that pin 30 and pins 34 make electrical contact
with their related receptacle sleeves 32 and 36 before rod 44 has
been moved far enough to turn switch 2 on and thereby energize the
receptacle. This will prevent sparking at the plug pins.
Withdrawal of plug 28 from receptacle 24 will cause operating
handle 2a to be automatically moved down to turn switch 2 OFF. As
the plug is being removed, tension spring 62 acting on yoke 54 will
cause rod 44 to follow plug pin 30 downwardly. The rod pin will
engage the lower ends of casing slots 52, moving the casing 46
downwardly. This will cause yoke 54 pivoted to the sleeve to swing
switch handle 2a down to the OFF position. The final, switch-open
position of the parts is as shown in FIG. 1.
If switch 2 includes a circuit breaker of the trip-free-type
requiring additional travel of switch handle 2a to reset the
breaker after it has tripped, the parts are arranged and
constructed so that the amount of downward (i.e., switch-opening)
movement of rod 44 is sufficient to provide this extra
movement.
The parts are so proportioned that in the above-described plug
withdrawal operation, preferably the switch 2 is opened by
sufficient movement of its handle 2a to deenergize the receptacle
before the plug pins 30 and 34 have been moved out of electrical
contact with their related receptacle sleeves 32 and 36. Thus, plug
withdrawal sparking will be avoided.
To permit the receptacle of the invention to be waterproof when
open even with the decks of the vessel, on which it is installed,
awash, suitable O-rings and other barrier constructions are
provided in the receptacle. The details are shown in FIG. 5.
Sleeve 32 is drilled through so that there is an opening through
the receptacle into the interior of the box and is slotted as shown
at 29. Rod 44 is inserted in sleeve 32, which is enlarged at 33,
and moves in the directions of arrows 35 on insertion and removal
of the plug. O-ring 37 of elastomeric or similar material is
provided around enlarged portion 33 and O-ring 39 is provided
around rod 44. Movement of rod 44 is such that O-ring 39 does not
move beyond the solid wall portion of sleeve 32. This effectively
maintains the end of sleeve 32 nearest box 4 waterproof. The
slotted portions of the sleeves provide a more positive electrical
connection due to their spring action.
Sleeve 36 is drilled and slotted at 41 to receive a pin 34. It is
solid as shown at 43 and an O-ring 45 is placed around the solid
portion 43. The end opposite sleeve 36, beyond the solid barrier
43, is drilled as shown at 47 to receive and connect to bared,
uninsulated portion 49 of electrical lead 38. The entire receptacle
body is surrounded by O-ring 51 which prevents entry of water into
box 4 through the space between the shell and insert of the
receptacle.
Gasket 53 is provided to seal the junction between box 4 and
receptacle 24 and ground strap 55 is connected to sleeve 32 by
means of nut 57 which engages the threads 59 on sleeve 32. Thus, it
can readily be seen that receptacle 24 is waterproof even when the
plug is removed and there is no cover over the open receptacle.
It will be understood that the foregoing disclosure of a specific
preferred embodiment of the invention is exemplary only, since the
invention can be practiced in many variants and forms. Accordingly,
it is intended that the foregoing disclosure be illustrative only
and not in any way limiting the spirit and scope of the
invention.
* * * * *