U.S. patent number 3,596,708 [Application Number 04/879,121] was granted by the patent office on 1971-08-03 for locking mechanism for diecasting.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Motors Corporation. Invention is credited to John Lapin.
United States Patent |
3,596,708 |
Lapin |
August 3, 1971 |
LOCKING MECHANISM FOR DIECASTING
Abstract
A diecasting machine of the horizontal type including a
stationary cover die and an ejector die movable along a
longitudinal axis between a mold open and mold closed position. The
ejector die comprises a plurality of die elements including die
elements movable obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the die
assembly and other die elements movable transversely of the
longitudinal axis of the die assembly. In accordance with the
invention the transversely movable die elements interlock with and
hold the obliquely movable die elements in a closed position and
the cover die interlocks with and holds the transverse die elements
in a closed position when the cover die and ejector die assembly
are in a closed position.
Inventors: |
Lapin; John (Saginaw, MI) |
Assignee: |
General Motors Corporation
(Detroit, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
25373469 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/879,121 |
Filed: |
November 24, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
164/347;
164/312 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B22D
17/26 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B22D
17/26 (20060101); B22d 017/26 () |
Field of
Search: |
;164/303,341,342,343,344,137,323,333,339,340,345
;18/DIG.5,DIG.10,DIG.58,3LA,3LM,34R,2RM,2RP,42P,3WM,3WC
;249/63--68 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Overholser; J. Spencer
Assistant Examiner: Brown; John S.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. In a die-casting machine the combination comprising
a stationary cover die and an ejector die assembly movable along
the longitudinal axis of said machine between a die-open and a
die-closed position defining a die cavity therebetween in said
closed position,
said ejector die assembly comprising a plurality of die portions
movable independently of said cover die between an ejector die
open-and-closed position including a first main die portion movable
between said die-open and die-closed positions along said
longitudinal axis, a second die portion carried by said first die
portion at less than a right angle to said longitudinal axis and
movable between said ejector die open-and-closed positions and a
third die portion carried by said first die and movable
transversely of said longitudinal axis between said ejector die
open-and-closed positions,
said second die portion including depression means and said third
die portion including projection means and said depression means
being adapted to receive said projection means when said second and
third die portions are each in said ejector die-closed position
whereby said third die portions lock said second die in said
ejector die-closed position,
said third die portion including projection means and said cover
die including depression means and said third die portion
projection means being adapted to be received in said cover die
depression means when said cover die and said ejector die assembly
are in said die-closed position whereby said third die portion is
locked in said die-closed position and
means for holding said cover die and ejector die assembly in said
die-closed position.
2. In a die-casting machine the combination comprising
a stationary cover die and an ejector die assembly movable along
the longitudinal axis of said machine between a die-open and a
die-closed position defining a die cavity therebetween in said
closed position,
said ejector die assembly comprising a plurality of die portions
movable independently of said cover die between an ejector die
open-and-closed position including a first main die portion movable
between said die-open and die-closed positions along said
longitudinal axis, a pair of opposed second die portions carried by
said first die portion at less than a right angle to said
longitudinal axis comprising movable between said ejector die
open-and-closed positions and a pair of opposed third die portions
carried by said first die and movable transversely of said
longitudinal axis between said ejector die open-and-closed
positions,
each of said second die portions including depression means and
each of said third die portions including projection means and each
of said depression means being adapted to receive one of said
projection means when said second and third die portions are each
in said ejector die-closed position whereby said third die portions
lock said second die portions in said ejector die-closed
position,
said third die portions including projection means and said cover
die including depression means and said third die portions
projection means being adapted to be received in said cover die
depression means when said cover die and said ejector die assembly
are in said die-closed position whereby said third die portions are
locked in said die-closed position and
means for holding said cover die and said ejector die assembly in
said die-closed position.
3. The die-casting machine of claim 1 wherein said second die
portion depression means includes a first surface perpendicular to
the longitudinal axis of said second die portion and said third die
portion projection means includes a second surface perpendicular to
the longitudinal axis of second die portions, said first and second
surface being adapted to engage one another in said ejector die
assembly closed position.
4. In a die-casting machine for casting a V-type engine block
including a crankcase cavity, sidewalls, a top side and a plurality
of cylinders the combination comprising
a stationary cover die and an ejector die assembly movable along
the longitudinal axis of said machine between a die-open and a
die-closed position defining a die cavity therebetween in said
closed position, said cover die defining the crankcase cavity and
said ejector die assembly defining the said cylinders, sidewalls
and top surfaces of said block,
said ejector die assembly comprising a plurality of die portions
movable independently of said cover die between an ejector die
open-and-closed position including a first main die portion movable
between said die-open and die-closed positions along said
longitudinal axis, said first die portion defining the top surface
of said block, a pair of opposed second die portions carried by
said first die portion at less than a right angle to said
longitudinal axis and movable between said ejector die
open-and-closed positions for defining the said cylinders of said
block and a pair of opposed third die portions carried by said
first die and movable transversely of said longitudinal axis
between said ejector die open-and-closed positions for defining the
said sidewalls of said block,
each of said second die portions including depression means and
each of said third die portions including projection means and each
of said depression means being adapted to receive one of said
projection means when said second and third die portions are each
in said ejector die-closed position whereby said third die portions
lock said second die portions in said ejector die-closed
position,
said third die portions including projection means and said cover
die including depression means and said third die portion
projection means being adapted to be received in said cover die
depression means when said cover die and said ejector die assembly
are in said die-closed position whereby said third die portions are
locked in said die-closed position and
means for holding said cover die and said ejector die assembly in
said die-closed position.
Description
This invention relates to die-casting machines having a plurality
of relatively movable die members forming the movable ejector die
assembly and more particularly to a means of interlocking the die
members in a die-closed position during the molten metal injection
step of the die-casting process.
In die-casting articles of complex shape such as an engine block, a
plurality of movable die members are used which are registered in a
die-closed position to form the die cavity and which are
subsequently retracted to permit removal of the casting from the
die. These die sections must be held in a die-closed position
against high molten metal injection pressures in the vicinity of
10,000 pounds per square inch. In die casting an engine block, the
die apparatus may consist of a cover die which defines the crank
case portion of the block and an ejector die assembly which defined
the top, the sidewalls and the cylinders of the block. The ejector
die assembly may consist of a main portion which defines the top of
the block, a pair of obliquely movable die portions or slides which
form the barrel cores for forming the cylinders and a pair of
opposed die portions or slides movable relative to the ejector die
assembly transversely thereof which forms the sidewalls of the
engine block.
It is an object of this invention to provide means for utilizing
the locking force of the normal die-casting machine, i.e. the
mechanical advantage obtained in the opening and closing mechanism
to secure or lock all of the die members against movement when the
dies are moved to a die-closed position.
It is a more specific object of this invention to provide recesses
in the oblique dies or slides which are engaged by projections in
the transverse dies in the die-closed position and further to
provide projections on the transverse dies which engage a recess in
the cover die whereby the transverse dies lock the oblique dies and
the cover die locks the transverse dies in a die-closed position
and whereby all the dies are maintained in the die-closed position
by the normal locking force of the machine.
Other objectives and advantages of my invention will appear more
clear from the following detailed description wherein reference is
made to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a die-casting machine embodying the
invention with the dies of the machine being a closed and locked
position;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of FIG. 1 except
that the dies are shown in an open position;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 except that the dies are shown
in a closed position.
Referring to the drawings and particularly to FIG. 1, a die-casting
machine generally indicated at 10 includes a platform 12 which
supports the stationary platen 14 and the vertical support 16.
The movable platen 18 is slidably supported on the tie rods 20
which in turn are supported by the stationary platen 14 and the
support 16 in a well known manner. The movable platen is also
supported by a pillar 22 attached to the movable platen and
supported by the rollers 24 disposed in rolling engagement with the
rails 21. The stationary support 16 and the movable platen 18 are
interconnected by the toggle mechanism 24 whereby the movable
platen 18 is movable reciprocably between a die-open position and a
die-closed position by the hydraulic cylinder 26 in a well known
manner.
The stationary platen 14 also supports a shot sleeve 44, a shot
plunger 46 reciprocable therein and a hydraulic cylinder 48
connected to the shot plunger 46 and supported by the platen 50
attached to the stationary platen 14 by the rods 52 fixed to the
platen 50 and the stationary platen 14.
The above described mechanism is of standard construction common to
toggle-operated horizontal die-casting machines and the details
thereof will be obvious to those familiar with the art.
Referring to FIG. 2, the stationary platen 14 carries the cover die
28 and the movable platen 18 carries the ejector die 30. In the
preferred embodiment of this invention, the cover and ejector dies
cooperate in a die-closed position to form a die cavity in the form
of a V-type engine block. A typical casting 32 is shown in FIG. 2
including the crankcase cavity 34, the top surfaces 36, the
sidewalls 38 and the cylinder bores 40.
The cover die 28 includes the die member 42 which defines the
crankcase cavity 34 of the engine block. The stationary platen 14
and the cover die 28 contain and support the shot sleeve 44 and the
shot plunger 46 as previously described.
The ejector die includes a main portion 54 mounted rigidly on the
movable platen 18, a die portion 56 which defines the top portion
36 of the casting, the obliquely opposed barrel core members or die
members 58 and 60 positioned at oblique angles to the longitudinal
axis of the apparatus and movable relative to the main die member
54 between a die-open and a die-closed position. These oblique die
members 58 and 60 are usually positioned at an angle of about
45.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the ejector die and define
the cylinder barrels 40 and the cooling passage 41 when in a
die-closed position. The ejector die assembly also includes a pair
of opposed die members 62 and 64 movable transversely of or
perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the die-casting
apparatus. The die members 62 and 64 define the sidewalls or
bulkheads 38 of the engine block 32 when they are in a die-closed
position.
The die portions 58 and 60 are reciprocably movable with respect to
the main die member 54 by means of the hydraulic cylinders 59 and
61, respectively, supported on the main die portion 54 by means of
the brackets 63 and 65 and guided and supported by the tie rods 63A
and 65A respectively. The transverse die portions 62 and 64 are
movable relative to the main die member 54 by means of hydraulic
cylinders 66 and 68, respectively, and are supported on the main
die member 54 by means of the brackets 67 and 69, respectively, and
are guided and supported by the tie rods 67A and 69A.
In accordance with the principal features of this invention the
barrel core or oblique die portion 58 includes a depression 70
therein including a sidewall 72 parallel to the longitudinal axis
of the barrel core 58 and a sidewall 74 perpendicular thereto. The
transverse die portion 62 includes a projection 76 having a
sidewall 78 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel core 58
and a sidewall 80 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
barrel core 58. As may be readily seen the side wall 80 of the
projection 76 is adapted to engage the sidewall 74 of the recess 70
when the core member 58 and the transverse die portion 62 are in a
die-closed position as shown in FIG. 3.
The barrel core 60 similarly has a recess 82 having a sidewall 83
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel core 60 and a
sidewall 84 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the barrel
core 60. The transverse die portion 64 similarly has a projection
86 having a sidewall 87 parallel to the sidewall 83 and a sidewall
88 parallel to the sidewall 84.
The ejector die assembly 30 also includes the conventional ejector
pins 90 attached to the ejector plate 92 operated by the hydraulic
mechanism 94 in a well known manner.
The face 96 of the ejector die 54 portion facing the cover die is
provided with a central protruding portion 98 bounded by the
transversely extending angular surface 100. The transverse die
portions 62 and 64 are shaped so that the protruding portion 102
thereof bounded by the transverse surface 104 coincide with the
surface 108 of the cover die member 28 when the transverse die
members are in a die-closed position. The cover die 28 is provided
with a recessed surface 106 bounded by the transversely extending
surface 108 which form a lock with surfaces 104 of the ejector die
assembly when the cover and ejector dies are in a die-closed
position.
FIG. 2 shows the apparatus after the engine block has been cast and
ejected. In returning the apparatus to a casting position the
ejector pins 90 are retracted by the hydraulic cylinder 94 so that
the ends thereof are flush with the surface of the die element 56.
Next, barrel cores 58 and 60 are moved to a die-closed position as
shown in FIG. 3 by means of the hydraulic cylinders 59 and 61,
respectively. Then the transverse die portions 62 and 64 are moved
toward each other to a die-closed position as shown in FIG. 3 by
means of the hydraulic cylinders 66 and 68, respectively, with the
surface 80 of the projection 76 engaging the surface 74 of the
recess 70; and with the surface 88 of the projection 86 engaging
the surface 84 of the recess 82 whereby the transverse die members
62 and 64 securely lock the barrel cores 58 and 60, respectively,
in a die-closed position.
The tip of the plunger 46 is then retracted and the movable platen
is moved toward the cover die 28 by means of the hydraulic cylinder
26 and the toggle linkage 24 to a die-closed position whereby the
protruding die face 98 of the ejector die engages the recess die
face 106 of the cover die and whereby the angular surfaces 108 of
the cover die engage the angular surfaces 100 of the ejector die
and the angular surfaces 104 of the transverse dies 62 and 64 and
whereby the cover die 28 locks the transverse dies 62 and 64 in a
die-closed position. The toggle linkage 24 is operative to maintain
the cover and ejector dies in a die-closed position against the
load of casting pressures, and is operative also to hold the
transverse dies 62 and 64 and the barrel cores 58 and 60 in a
die-closed position by reason of the interlocking die arrangement
described.
The molten metal is then injected into the cavity formed between
the die members and permitted to cool. During this time the plunger
46 continues to exert pressure on the solidifying metal bun 110 and
on the casting through the runner 112. After the casting has
solidified the hydraulic mechanism 26 is operated to move the
ejector die to an open position. The pressure of the plunger 46
forces the bun 110 from the shot sleeve and the casting 32 is freed
from the cover die and carried by the ejector die. The transverse
die portions 62 and 64 are then retracted freeing the barrel cores
58 and 60 which are then retracted. The casting is then readily
ejected by means of the ejector pins 90 operated by the hydraulic
cylinder 94.
The apparatus and method of operation described herein has
substantial advantages of space conservation and simplicity of
operation and ease of adjustment in comparison to mechanisms of the
prior art. Although the invention has been described in terms of
apparatus for making engine blocks it is obvious that the
principles involved may be applied to casting other articles within
the scope of the invention.
* * * * *