U.S. patent number 3,596,484 [Application Number 04/846,539] was granted by the patent office on 1971-08-03 for closure latch.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Motors Corporation. Invention is credited to Theodore F. Peters.
United States Patent |
3,596,484 |
Peters |
August 3, 1971 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
CLOSURE LATCH
Abstract
A closure latch for a vehicle deck lid or the like includes a
striker secured to the deck lid in cooperative relation to a latch
pivotally connected to the vehicle body for movement from a first
or unlatched position out from engagement with the striker to a
second or latched position engaging the striker to pull it, thereby
pulling the deck lid firmly against the vehicle body with a weather
seal compressed between the deck lid and the vehicle body. A latch
hook is pivotally connected adjacent to the latch and is normally
biased to engage the latch and retain it in the first position but
is adapted to be contacted by the striker for disengagement from
the latch to permit movement of the latch by a differential fluid
pressure operated piston or by rotation of the latch hook as
effected by contact with the striker.
Inventors: |
Peters; Theodore F. (Utica,
MI) |
Assignee: |
General Motors Corporation
(Detroit, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
25298219 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/846,539 |
Filed: |
July 31, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/150; 292/304;
70/240; 70/275; 292/DIG.43; 292/198; 292/201; 292/240; 292/336 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
81/20 (20130101); E05B 83/16 (20130101); E05B
81/10 (20130101); Y10T 292/564 (20150401); Y10T
292/1078 (20150401); Y10T 292/1039 (20150401); Y10T
70/55 (20150401); Y10T 292/1082 (20150401); Y10T
70/5903 (20150401); E05B 47/00 (20130101); Y10T
292/444 (20150401); Y10S 292/43 (20130101); Y10T
70/7051 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
65/12 (20060101); E05B 65/19 (20060101); E05B
47/00 (20060101); E05B 51/02 (20060101); E05B
51/00 (20060101); E05b 051/02 (); E05b
065/19 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/142,157,240,275
;292/201,198,240,304,336,341.13,341.16,341.17,229,333,334,341.11 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A closure latch for latching a closure member to a support
member, the closure member being swingably mounted for movement
between open and closed positions relative to the support member,
the closure latch including
striker means secured to one of said members,
latch mean swingably mounted on said other member for movement from
an unlatched position to a latched position relative to said
striker means, said latch means including a pull down flange
operable to engage and move said striker means relative to said
other member when said latch means is rotated from said unlatched
position to said latched position,
latch hook means movably positioned to normally engage and hold
said latch means in said unlatched position and to be engaged by
said striker means for movement to release said latch means,
actuating means operatively connected to said latch mans for
rotating said latch means between said unlatched position and said
latched position, said actuating means including
a differential fluid pressure operated motor connected to said
latch means,
valve mean connecting said differential fluid pressure operated
motor to a source of fluid at a first pressure and to a source of
fluid at a second pressure, and
valve actuator means operatively connected to said valve means to
selectively control said valve means.
2. A closure latch according to claim 1 wherein said valve means
includes
first valve means connecting said differential fluid pressure
operated motor to said source of fluid at a first pressure, and
second valve means connecting said differential fluid pressure
operated motor to said source of fluid at a second pressure,
and
wherein said valve actuator means is operatively connected to said
second valve means for selectively operating said second valve
means.
3. A closure latch for latching a closure member to a support
member, the closure member being swingably mounted for movement
between open and closed positions relative to the support member,
the closure latch including
striker means secured to one of said member,
latch means mounted on said other member for pivotal movement about
an axis from an unlatched position to be a latched position, said
latch means including flange means having a leasing edge portion
and a trailing edge portion, relative to movement from said
unlatched position to said latched position, with said leading edge
portion spaced a greater distance from said axis than said trailing
edge portion, a stop means adjacent said trailing edge portion
positioned to be in interference relation to said striker means,
and a latching pin, said flange means being operable to engage and
move said striker means relative to said other member when said
latch means is rotated from said unlatched position to said latched
position,
latch hook means swingably positioned adjacent said latch means to
normally engage said stop means to hold said latch means in said
unlatched position and to be engaged by said striker means for
movement to release said latch means and to engage said latching
pin to pivot said latch means from said unlatched position toward
said latched position,
power means operatively connected to said latch means for rotating
said latch means from said unlatched position to said latched
position, and back to said unlatched position and,
control means connnected to said power means to operate said power
means to selectively move said latch means between said unlatched
position and said latched position and to permit movement of said
latch means by said latch hook means.
4. A closure latch according to claim 3 wherein said power means
includes
a differential fluid pressure operated motor connectable to a
source of fluid at a first pressure and to a source of fluid at a
second pressure, said differential fluid pressure operated motor
being connected to said latch means to move said latch means to
said latched position, and
bias means connected to said latch means to normally bias said
latch mean to said unlatched position.
5. A closure latch according to claim 4 wherein said control means
includes
a one-way valve means connecting said differential fluid pressure
operated motor to said source of fluid at a first pressure,
valve means connecting said differential fluid pressure operated
motor to said source of fluid at a second pressure, and
key cylinder lock means operatively connected to said valve means
to selectively actuate said valve means.
6. A closure latch according to claim 4 wherein said control means
includes
a one-way valve means connecting said differential fluid pressure
operated motor to said source of fluid at a first pressure,
valve means connecting said differential fluid pressure operated
motor to said source to fluid at a second pressure, and
electrically operated means operatively connected to said valve
means to selectively actuate said valve means.
Description
This invention relates to closure latches and more particularly to
a closure latch which is adapted to be closed manually or by a
power-actuated device and which is adapted to be latched either
manually or by a power-actuated device and which is adapted to be
unlatched either manually or by a power actuated valve control
mechanism.
In various applications of closure latches, for example, in a motor
vehicle deck lid, it is desirable that the final closure be power
assisted so as to draw the deck lid tightly shut assuring adequate
compression of a weather seal, but is also desirable under certain
circumstances to be able to effect this closure manually. It is
also desirable in order to minimize alignment requirements to have
the closure latch operable in more than one latching bold down
position.
Accordingly, the primary object of this invention is to improve a
closure latch mechanism for use on a vehicle deck lid whereby the
deck lid is pulled to a fully closed position either by a power
assist mechanism or manually. Another object of this invention is
to improve closure latch mechanisms so that the closure latch
mechanism is operable in an infinite number of latching hold down
positions. A still further object of this invention is to improve
closure latch mechanisms whereby unlatching can be effected either
manually or by a power actuated control element.
In accordance with the present invention, the closure latch
mechanism includes a striker member mounted on the deck lid of a
vehicle which is adapted to be moved to a partially closed position
at which position the striker can be engaged by a latch which is
pivoted to the body of the vehicle. The latch is pivotable from a
spring-biased unlatched position, maintained by a biased hook
having a detent engageable with a stop on the latch, to a latched
position either by a fluid operated power mechanism or manually.
For power operation, the latch is connected to a valve-controlled
differential fluid pressure operated motor. Manual pivotal movement
of the latch is done by means of the hook engaging a latching pin
on the latch as the deck lid is forced down by an operator.
Unlatching is effected by either power or manual actuation of the
valve system controlling the operation of the differential fluid
pressure operated motor.
For a better understanding for the invention as well as other
objects and further features thereof, reference is had to the
following detailed description of the invention to be read in
connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a partial elevational view of the rear of a motor vehicle
body embodying a closure latch according to this invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 with parts broken
away for the sake of clarity showing the closure latch of the
invention in a closed position; and,
FIG. 3 is a view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
Referring now particularly to FIG. 1 of the drawings, a vehicle
body 10 includes a rear window 12 and a deck lid 14 which is
swingably mounted at its forward edge, not shown, on the body 10
for movement between a closed position, as shown, and an open
position, not shown, to open and close the rear deck compartment of
the vehicle. Preferably, the deck lid is swingably mounted by
spaced counterbalanced hinges, as is well known in the art.
Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the deck lid 14 includes an outer
panel 20 and an inner panel 21 suitably secured to each other to
provide a housing 22 at the rear portion of the deck lid.
Positioned within the housing 22 and suitably secured to the inner
panel is a backplate 23 for supporting the striker assembly 30 of
the closure latch, while another backplate 24 is secured in a
suitable manner to the vehicle body 10 for supporting the latch
assembly 40 of this closure latch.
The striker assembly 30 which could be made as a single unitary
structure, is preferably constructed as shown, to include a striker
base 32 having flanged portions 32 secured as by bolts 34 to inner
panel 21 and backplate 23 and having a depending striker portion 33
to which a striker roller 35 is rotatably secured as by headed stud
36. The depending striker portion 33 carrying the striker roller 35
extends through suitable apertures 25 and 26 in the backup plate 23
and inner panel 21, respectively, to pass through the aperture 11
in the vehicle body 10 as the deck lid is lowered so that the
striker roller 35 is in operative relation to the latch assembly
40.
The latch assembly 40 includes a baseplate 41 secured by stud bolts
42 to backplate 24. The baseplate includes a central mounting
portion 43 with raised boss-bearing portions 44 and includes a
depending support portion 45 terminating in an apertured cylinder
support portion 46.
A latch 50 is pivotally mounted intermediate its ends by a pivot
stud 47 to a centrally located boss-bearing portion 44 of the
baseplate 41. The latch 50 is provided with an eccentric pull down
flange portion 51 adapted to cooperate with striker roller 35 and a
stop flange 52 spaced from the pull down flange 51, all positioned
at one end of the latch. As shown, the leading edge portion of the
pull down flange, that is, the portion which first engages the
striker roller, is spaced a greater distance from the axis about
which latch 50 is pivoted than the trailing edge portion so that as
the pull down flange engages the striker roller, it is pulled
toward the pivotal axis, the term pull down being used relative to
the arrangement shown. At its opposite end, the latch is pivotally
secured by pin 53 to one end of link 54, the opposite end of this
link being pivotally connected by pin 55 to piston rod 75 of a
differential fluid pressure operated motor 70 whereby the latch can
be rotated in a counterclockwise direction, as seen in FIG. 3, from
an unlatched position as shown by the broken lines in this figure
to a latched position, as shown.
The latch 50 is normally biased clockwise to the unlatched
position, the position of the latch as shown by the broken lines in
FIG. 3, by spring 56 and is normally held in this position by hook
60. Spring 56 has one leg engaging a suitable apertured portion of
baseplate 41 and has its other leg engaging a pin 57 secured to the
latch 50.
A latch hook 60 is pivotally secured at one end to a lower
boss-bearing portion 44 of baseplate 41 by headed pivot stud 61 and
is normally biased in a clockwise direction as seen in FIG. 3, by
spring 62 having one end engaging an apertured portion of baseplate
41 and its other end extending through a suitable aperture in hook
60. The free end of the latch hook is provided with a curved
follower portion 63 adapted to be engaged by striker roller 35 to
effect rotation of the latch hook in a counterclockwise direction
against the biasing action of spring 62. Intermediate its ends, the
latch hook is provided with a detent 64 adapted to engage stop
flange 52 of latch 50 to normally retain the latch in the unlatched
position shown by the broken lines in FIG. 3.
On the opposite side from the curved follower portion 63, latch
hook 60 is provided with a latch-operating portion 65 adapted to
engage a latching pin 58 secured to latch 50 for a purpose to be
described.
Latch 50 can be rotated in a counterclockwise direction, from an
unlatched position to the latched position, as previously described
in relation to FIG. 3, either by a differential fluid pressure
operated motor 70 or manually by means of latch hook 60 contacting
the latching pin 58 on latch 50.
In the preferred embodiment, the differential fluid pressure
operated motor 70 includes a cylinder 71 enclosed at one end by
apertured cover plate 72 secured thereto as by welding and by means
of which this assembly is secured by bolts 73 to the apertured
cylinder support portion 46 of baseplate 41 and is suitably
enclosed at its opposite end as, for example, by a valve assembly
74 which may be a separate element secured to the cylinder, or as
shown, formed as an integral part thereof. A piston rod 75
connected at one end by link 54 to the latch 50 extends through the
apertured cylinder support 46 and apertured cover plate 72 and is
provided at the opposite end with a piston in the form of opposed
piston cups 76 and 77 secured between the shoulder 78 on the piston
rod and nut 79 engaging the threaded end of this rod. The size of
the apertures in the cylinder support portion 46 and cover plate 72
are large enough to provide sufficient clearance around the piston
rod to permit the easy ingress and egress of aeriform fluid.
The piston is moved to the right, as shown in FIG. 3, by connecting
this end of the cylinder to a vacuum source by means of the valve
assembly 74 which is provided with a chamber 81 connected to
passage 82 in communication with a spring 83 biased ball check
valve 84 connected by conduit 85 to the vehicle engine intake
manifold or to a vacuum storage tank, not shown, as is well known
in the art. Thus, under normal circumstances, either when the
vacuum storage tank has been evacuated or when the engine is in
operation the right-hand end of the cylinder 71 will be evacuated,
and then atmospheric pressure acting on the opposite side of the
piston will force it to the right overcoming the biasing action of
spring 56, unless, of course, the latch 50 is being retained in the
unlatched position by latch hook 60 as previously described. To
permit movement of the piston to the left as seen in FIG. 3 by the
biasing action of spring 56, pressure is equalized on opposite
sides of the piston by having the right-hand end of the cylinder 71
placed in communication with atmospheric pressure via solenoid
valve SOL-V. The armature 86 of the solenoid valve SOL-V terminates
in a valve stem 87 having at its lower end valve element 88 which
normally is biased by spring 90 against the valve seat formed on a
wall portion of chamber 81, the spring 90 having one end resting
upon a shoulder 91 of the armature 86 and the other end resting
against a shoulder formed in valve chamber 92. The solenoid valve
SOL-V is connectable to a suitable source of electrical power such
as a vehicle battery B-1 by means of normally open switch SW-1
which could be, for example, the ignition switch for the vehicle,
and normally open switch SW-3 or by the parallel circuit containing
normally open switch SW-2. Switch SW-2, for example, can be
suitably mounted for access from the exterior of the vehicle either
at the rear of the vehicle or on the curb side of the vehicle,
while switch SW-3 can be mounted on the instrument panel of the
vehicle for operation from the interior of the vehicle. Upon
closure of either switches SW-1 and SW-3 or switch SW-2, the
solenoid valve SOL-V is energized causing retraction of the
armature 86 depressing valve element 88 thereby, in effect,
connecting chamber 81 via valve chamber 92 to the atmosphere.
In addition to venting of the cylinder 71 to atmospheric pressure
by energizing the solenoid valve SOL-V as previously described,
provision is also made whereby this can be done mechanically by
means of rotatable cam 94 suitably journaled adjacent to the free
end of the armature 86. The cam 94 is provided with a square-shaped
bore which receives the complementary-shaped end of shaft 95. Shaft
95 is part of a key cylinder lock assembly 96 mounted to the
vehicle body. The key cylinder lock assembly 96 is of a known type
and upon insertion of a key therein, the shaft 96 can be turned to
in turn rotate cam 94.
In the embodiment shown, the key cylinder assembly 96 is located on
the vehicle body in position to mechanically actuate the solenoid
valve SOL-V via shaft 95 and cam 94 but it is apparent that, if
desired, the cylinder 71 could be connected by a suitable conduit
to a separate but similar mechanically actuated valve located at
any convenient location on the vehicle body whereby the cylinder 71
can be placed in communication with aeriform fluid at atmospheric
pressure.
When the valve element 88 is depressed connecting valved end of the
cylinder to atmospheric pressure and closing off passage 82, the
pressure on opposite sides of the piston is substantially equalized
enabling the spring 56 to effect rotation of latch 50 clockwise as
seen in FIG. 3 to bring the latch to the unlatched position and to
move the piston to its normal position, to the left as seen by the
broken lines. Thus, spring 56 acts as a piston return spring in
much the same manner as if it were placed within the cylinder 71,
as is well known in the art.
Referring again to FIGS. 2 and 3 of the drawings, the operation of
the closure latch will be described with particular reference being
made to the relationship of the various elements with respect to
each other. It is assumed that the deck lid is in a fully open
position, that a vacuum is being maintained in the vacuum storage
tank and that the solenoid valve SOL-V is in the normally closed
position with switches SW-2 and SW-3 in their normally open
position and that the key cylinder assembly 96 is in a locked
position. At this time as a result of the previous unlatching of
the closure latch, the latch 50 is in the unlatched position as
shown by the broken lines in FIG. 3 and is retained in this
position by biased latch hook 60 having the detent 64 thereon
engaging the stop flange 52 of latch 50. With the latch 50 thus
restrained against rotational movement in a counterclockwise
direction, the differential fluid pressure operated motor 70,
although connectable via the ball check valve 84 to a vacuum
source, cannot cause pivotal movement of latch 50.
As the deck lid is lowered by an operator to a partially closed
position, the striker roller 35 engages the curved follower portion
63 of latch hook 60 so that as the deck lid is moved further toward
the fully closed position, striker roller 35 will move down beneath
the leading edge of the pull down flange 51 while at the same time
forcibly rotating latch hook 60 in a counterclockwise direction to
disengage detent 64 from stop flange 52, thereby releasing the
latch 50. As soon as the latch 50 is released by latch hook 60, the
piston of the differential fluid pressure operated motor 70 will be
forced to the right as seen in FIG. 3, thus, via the piston rod 75
and link 54, rotating the latch 50 in a counterclockwise direction
whereby the striker roller 35 is engaged by the pull down flange 51
pulling the deck lid down to a fully closed position while
compressing a conventional sealing gasket 16 between the deck lid
14 and the vehicle body 10. Striker roller 35 can ride down under
pull down flange 51 until it engages the stop flange 52 which
defines the lower pull down limit of the closure latch
assembly.
However, depending on the compressibility of the sealing gasket or
the alignment of the striker assembly on the deck lid and the latch
assembly on the vehicle body, the latch may be effectively rotated
part of the way so that the striker roller 35 may come to rest at
any position under the pull down flange intermediate its ends with
the deck lid tightly secured and latched in position. Regardless of
where the striker roller 35 comes to rest under the pull down
flange 51, the construction of the closure latch of the invention
still permits unlatching when desired. The differential fluid
pressure operated motor 70 is, of course, of a size sufficient to
overcome the force of spring 56 while at the same time being able
to effect the desired sealing of the deck lid by compression of the
sealing gasket 16 between the deck lid and the vehicle body.
As previously described, unlatching of the closure latch can be
accomplished either from the interior of the vehicle or from the
exterior of the vehicle and it can be done either power assisted or
manually. For a power assisted opening, the operator can either
close the externally located switch SW-2 or from the interior of
the vehicle he can close switches SW-1 and SW-3 to energize
solenoid valve SOL-V, thereby causing armature 86 to retract thus
depressing the valve element 88 and placing the right-hand end of
cylinder 71 in communication with aeriform fluid at atmospheric
pressure allowing spring 56 to return the latch 50 to the unlatched
position and the piston to which it is attached to the left as seen
in FIG. 3. As this occurs, the pull down flange 51 as pulled away
from the striker roller 35 releasing it for upward movement thus
allowing the deck lid to move upward under the influence of the
conventional counterbalanced spring hinges. When the deck lid is
moved upward, the latch hook 60 is then free to rotate in a
clockwise direction, as seen in FIG. 3, by the biasing action of
spring 62 until the detent 64 on this hook again engages the stop
flange 52 to retain the latch 50 in the unlatched position.
In a similar manner, opening of the closure latch can be
accomplished manually by turning the key of the key cylinder lock
assembly 96 to rotate cam 94 to mechanically depress the armature
86 of solenoid valve SOL-V thereby connecting the right-hand end of
cylinder 71 to aeriform fluid at atmospheric pressure.
If no power is available, for example if no vacuum is available
because of lengthy storage of the vehicle, it is not necessary to
establish a source of vacuum power before the deck lid can be
closed. Instead, the deck lid can be physically latched by the
operator manually depressing the lid to a fully closed position
causing the striker roller 35 to engage the curved follower portion
63 of latch hook 60 thereby rotating this hook in a
counterclockwise direction, as seen in FIG. 3. As the latch hook
rotates in this direction, the latch operating portion 65 contacts
the latching pin 58 on latch 50, now released for movement by
disengagement of detent 64 from stop flange 52, to effect
rotational movement of the latch 50 whereby the striker roller 35
is pulled down under pull down flange 51 to effect latching. During
this manual latching, as the piston is moved to the right, as seen
in FIG. 3, an excessive build up of fluid pressure on that side of
the piston will be prevented by the discharge of fluid through the
ball check valve. Full pull down for a tightly sealed deck lid then
results automatically when the vehicle engine is started again and
a vacuum is established in the vacuum storage tank.
This invention thus provides a deck lid closure latch which is
either power operated to move the deck lid to a fully closed
position or manually operated and then power assisted for a fully
sealed closure. The closure latch is also operable from either the
interior of the vehicle or from the exterior of the vehicle, either
power assisted or manually operated, to effect the unlatching of
the deck lid. Although the closure latch of this invention has been
shown and described in conjunction with a vehicle deck lid, it is
obvious that it can also be used in conjunction with other vehicle
closures or closures in other devices.
While the invention has been described with reference to the
structures disclosed herein, it is not confined to the details set
forth, and this application is intended to cover such modifications
or changes as may come within the purposes of the improvements or
the scope of the following claims.
* * * * *