U.S. patent number 3,595,480 [Application Number 04/780,001] was granted by the patent office on 1971-07-27 for oxygen-fuel-blowing multihole nozzle.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Kazuo Kunioka, Takeshi Tada.
United States Patent |
3,595,480 |
Kunioka , et al. |
July 27, 1971 |
OXYGEN-FUEL-BLOWING MULTIHOLE NOZZLE
Abstract
A multinozzle lance in which a central fuel pipe is surrounded
by an outer pipe through which an oxygen containing gas is fed
under pressure. A plurality of angularly displaced nozzles extend
downwardly and outwardly inclined from the lower end of the outer
pipe and the lower end of the central pipe communicates with the
nozzle through fuel passages having axes extending transverse to
the respective nozzle axis. Each of the nozzles has intermediate
its ends a throat portion and flares outwardly to opposite sides of
the throat portion, and each of the fuel passages communicates with
the respective nozzle downstream of the throat portion thereof.
Inventors: |
Kunioka; Kazuo (Yokohama-shi,
Kanagawa-ken, JA), Tada; Takeshi (Yokohama-shi,
Kanagawa-ken, JA) |
Assignee: |
Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha
(N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
25118258 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/780,001 |
Filed: |
November 29, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/132.3;
239/422; 239/424.5; 239/433 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C21C
5/4606 (20130101); B01J 4/002 (20130101); B01J
2204/007 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C21C
5/46 (20060101); B05b 015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/422--425.5,132.3,433 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: King; Lloyd L.
Claims
We claim:
1. A multinozzle lance comprising a first pipe having an axis, a
lower closed end and an upper end adapted to be connected to a
supply of an oxygen-containing gas under pressure; a plurality of
nozzles communicating with said closed end of said first pipe, said
nozzles being angularly displaced from each other about the axis of
said first pipe and each having an axis extending downwardly and
outwardly inclined to said axis of said first pipe from the closed
end of the latter, each of said nozzles having a cylindrical throat
portion intermediate opposite ends thereof and flares from said
throat portion outwardly toward said opposite ends; a second pipe
extending through said first pipe and having a closed end in the
region of said closed end of said first pipe and an opposite end
adapted to be connected to a supply of fuel fluid; and a plurality
of fluid passages communicating with said second pipe in the region
of the closed end thereof and with said nozzles, respectively,
downstream of the respective throat portions, but upstream of the
outer ends thereof, each of said passages having an axis extending
transverse to the axis of the respective nozzle.
2. A multinozzle lance as defined in claim 1, and including water
jacket means surrounding said nozzles and at least part of said
first pipe.
3. A multinozzle lance as defined in claim 2, wherein said water
jacket comprises an inner jacket substantially concentrically
arranged about and extending from said closed end of said first
pipe over a major portion of the latter and forming between the
inner surface of said inner jacket and the outer surface of said
first pipe a first elongated cooling chamber of annular cross
section, an outer jacket surrounding said inner jacket and forming
therewith a second cooling chamber of annular cross section
communicating with said interior of said first cooling chamber in
the region of said closed end of said first pipe, cooling fluid
inlet means communicating with the interior of said first cooling
chamber in the region of the latter opposite from said closed end
of said first pipe, and cooling fluid outlet means communicating
with the interior of said second cooling chamber in the region of
said fluid inlet means.
Description
This invention relates to an improvement of a multinozzle lance for
blowing-in of oxygen and fuel. In an open-hearth furnace or a
converter in iron or steel industry, it is desired to melt cold
charge, such as solid pig iron and scrap, of high load in a short
time. To this end, various kinds of oxygen-fuel-blowing nozzles
have recently been studied and developed by engineers of this
field. However such nozzles mainly depend on blowing-in of fuel
with a single-hole nozzle. This method of blowing-in requires a
high temperature and a large heating surface flame while the
expansion of flame is limited single-hole nozzle. The present
invention which adopts an appropriately formed multihole nozzle is
intended to enlarge the expansion of the flame and thereby its
heating area, for improving its thermal efficiency.
The basic object of the present invention is to provide a
multinozzle lance for blowing-in of oxygen and fuel, which is
capable of melting cold charge of high load in a vessel in a short
time, thereby increasing productive efficiency. A multinozzle lance
of the present invention is provided with a plurality of nozzles
around the axis of the lance at approximately equal angles thereby
enlarging the expansion of the flame so as to increase the heating
surface. Further when such a multinozzle lance is used, flames
coming from respective parts show an indentical distribution of
blowing speed so that flames run at a high speed even at position
away from the axis of the lance. This increases the amount of heat
transmitted to a cold charge to permit the melting thereof in a
short time.
Another object of the present invention is to blow oxygen or air
and fuel with a single lance at the same time, In operating a
converter or an open hearth, it is used to charge said cold
material such as solid pig iron and scrap appropriately in
correspondence to the process of refining. Accordingly in refining
it is generally required to blow oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, or
argon-oxygen mixture or the like accompanied by fuel blown when
said material is charged. Such blowing oxygen or the like and fuel
with separate nozzles has disadvantages that not only separate
nozzles must be prepared but also the operations for handling these
nozzle becomes troublesome, eventually requiring the discontinuity
of refining work. According to the present invention which carries
out these blows with a single lance, a fuel pipe, an oxygen pipe
and a cooling jacket are concentrically arranged. The oxygen pipe
is provided in its lower end portion with a plurality of
outward-expanding Laval-type nozzles extending radially and
obliquely downward. The fuel pipe is provided in its lower end
portion with an appropriate number of fuel passages, which
respectively open downstream of the portions of the nozzle's
throat, obliquely and downwardly inclined in the injection
position. Such construction of the present invention permits to
blow fuel, as oil, through a fuel pipe. When the feed of fuel is
stopped, a nozzle of the present invention can be used for blowing
only oxygen or the like without difficulties. This curtails
equipment expenses, simplifies handling operation and smoothens
refining works.
Many other concrete features and construction details of the
present invention will be clear from the following descriptions of
the embodiments of the invention, made in connection with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a partially sectioned side view of a multihole nozzle
lance of the present invention:
FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the lower part of said
nozzle;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the same nozzle;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the distribution of flow rate of a
nozzle (A) of a multihole nozzle of the present invention. (B)
shows the distribution of flow rate of a well-known single-hole
nozzle.
The lance of the present invention comprises an oxygen-blowing pipe
1. In the illustrated embodiment, the oxygen-blowing pipe 1 is
curved in inversed L-shape in the upper portion to form an oxygen
inlet 1'. A fuel blowing pipe 2 extends through the center of the
main portion of said inlet to the end of the oxygen-blowing pipe 1.
3 is a cooling jacket concentrically enclosing the main portion of
said oxygen-blowing pipe 1, and a cooling water supply socket 4 is
provided in a portion near the upper end of the cooling jacket in
FIG. 1. 5 is a mantle jacket further provided concentrically so as
to surround most part of said cooling jacket 3, and an inlet
chamber 5a thereof communicates with a water chamber 3a of said
cooling jacket 3 in the lower end portion of lance. A cooling water
exhaust socket 6 is connected to a portion near the upper end
portion of said mantle jacket. A stuffing box comprising a pair of
members 16 and 17 clamped together by a screw 9 to compress a
packing 10 sandwiched between these members is provided about a
portion of pipe 2, where the latter enters into the curved portion
of pipe 1.
As clearly illustrated in the enlarged vertical section view of
FIG. 2, the lower end of the fuel-blowing pipe 2 reaches a
distribution chamber 12 provided centrally in the lower portion of
the lance. Several fuel passages 7 are provided extending obliquely
downwardly from this distribution chamber 12 and communicate with
Lavallike nozzles 8 in radial direction 6. (Refer to FIG. 3.) The
number of said fuel passage 7 and Lavallike nozzle 8 is optionally
selected. In the illustrated embodiment, they are three
respectively.
The fill passages 7 communicate with the nozzles downstream of
throat portions 18 thereof. To explain more concretely, each nozzle
8 expands at one end upwardly in a trumpetlike manner toward the
interior of the oxygen pipe 1, and also expands at the other end
downwardly toward the end of the lance. Between both ends of each
nozzle is formed a throat portion 18 constituting parallel straight
sidewalls of appropriate length, whereby oxygen jets are given
desirable flow rate and appropriate direction or rectilinear
propagation. Above stated fuel passages 7 open downstream of the
throat portion 18.
When a lance with multinozzle of the present invention is
manufactured, a body portion and lower end member are manufactured
separately and then jointed for example by welding. So despite
multilaminate construction, said nozzles and oxygen-blowing pipe 1
can be manufactured relatively easily and simply. Moreover the
lower end member can be easily mounted to a multinozzle lance body
after long use, requiring at best an exchange of said member if
necessary.
Now an explanation will be given on the function of the blowing
nozzle according to the present invention. When high-pressure
oxygen or the like is blown from the oxygen pipe 1, it is jetted
from several nozzle 8 with supersonic velocities. On the other
hand, fuel is conveyed through the fuel-blowing pipe 2
concentrically with the oxygen-blowing pipe 1 to the end of the
lance and then fed into the distribution chamber 12 formed between
nozzles, and through the distribution chamber 12 the fuel is blown
through the fuel passages 7 opening in the respective nozzles where
it is atomized and simultaneously well mixed with oxygen.
Thus gas consisting of fuel and oxygen shows a distribution of flow
rates as shown in FIG. 4 (A). By using a multinozzle as lance the
present invention, distributions of flow rates jetted from each
Lavallike nozzle 8 are not only identical respectively but also
shows a flow rate distribution similar to a single-hole nozzle as
shown in FIG. 4 (B). This permits to obtain a sufficiently high
flow rate even at a position away from axis of a nozzle. Moreover
the whole expansion of blowing fluid obtained by this multinozzle
lance is evidently larger than that obtained by a single nozzle
lance. Accordingly when burning in the same condition, a
multinozzle lance of the present invention not only improves
combustion efficiency but also increases thermal conductivity to
high-load cold charge as comparing with conventional single-hole
nozzle. Further when the heating is stopped for performing ordinary
oxygen blow refining, this multinozzle lance of the present
invention can also be used as an ordinary oxygen-blowing lance by
stopping the feed of heavy oil as fuel, and if necessary, by
feeding some stream into a fuel-blowing pipe to prevent counterflow
of heavy oil. In consequence, a multinozzle lance of the present
invention can serve in an open hearth or a converter very
effectively as a high-load cold charge melting nozzle as well as an
ordinary oxygen-blowing lance.
* * * * *