U.S. patent number 3,595,433 [Application Number 04/819,312] was granted by the patent office on 1971-07-27 for card files with a drop front.
This patent grant is currently assigned to G. J. Aigner Company. Invention is credited to Joseph H. Gruenhut, Charles E. Jones.
United States Patent |
3,595,433 |
Jones , et al. |
July 27, 1971 |
CARD FILES WITH A DROP FRONT
Abstract
A filing case is formed as a unitary resilient, or flexible,
plastic structure. A forward-swinging or dropfront panel is
released when the filing case is opened, thereby making the
contents readily accessible. All components of the case, including
cover, panel, and hinges, are molded as an assembled structure from
one mass of resilient plastic material. The cover and front panel
are each formed in an open position so as to bias these elements in
that position.
Inventors: |
Jones; Charles E. (Lincolnwood,
IL), Gruenhut; Joseph H. (Chicago, IL) |
Assignee: |
G. J. Aigner Company (Chicago,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
25227798 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/819,312 |
Filed: |
April 25, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/737; 220/558;
220/826; 220/835; 220/839; D9/423 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
25/00 (20130101); B65D 45/16 (20130101); B42F
17/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B42F
17/00 (20060101); B42F 17/08 (20060101); B65D
45/00 (20060101); B65D 45/16 (20060101); B65D
25/00 (20060101); B65d 051/04 (); B65d
043/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/29,31SR,31S
;206/44B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lowrance; George E.
Claims
We claim as our invention:
1. In a one-piece dropfront container for use as a filing case or
the like, and including
A. body having contiguous bottom, rear, and a pair of side
panels,
B. a cover integrally hinged to the top of said rear panel, and
having contiguous top, front, rear, and a pair of side panels,
C. a forward swinging front panel integrally hinged to the front of
said bottom panel, with a pair of guide tabs contiguous with said
first panel and extending into said body adjacent said side panels,
and
D. means cooperating with said guide tabs for permitting limited
forward movement of said front panel, said body, cover, hinges,
guide tabs, and limited movement means being integrally formed as a
unitary structure of resilient plastic material,
the improvement comprising:
1. a first, inwardly extending, latch integral with said cover,
said latch being manually liftable when said front panel and said
cover are in closed position, and
2. a second, outwardly extending, latch integral with said front
panel and matable with said first latch when said cover and said
front panel are both in closed position,
so that either outward lifting of said first latch or inward
pressure on said front panel disengages said latches and permits
said cover to be opened and said front panel to be swung
outward.
2. Container of claim 1 wherein said structure is formed with said
cover and said front panel in open positions so that said hinges
bias said cover and said front panel in open positions.
3. Container of claim 1 wherein said resilient plastic comprises
isotactic polypropylene.
4. Container of claim 1 wherein said limited movement means
comprises a pair of channel elements near the tops of said side
panels and inwardly of said body, said channel elements being
contiguous with said side panels and with said rear panel, said
channel elements providing a movement-limiting abutment for said
guide tabs.
5. Container of claim 1 wherein said limited movement means
comprises a pair of projections on the inwardly facing sides of
said side panels near the top thereof to provide a
movement-limiting abutment for said guide tabs.
6. Container of claim 1 wherein said limited movement means
comprises a pair of outwardly extending projections on said side
panels, and a pair of inwardly extending flanges along the front
edges of said side panels to provide movement-limiting abutments
for said projections.
7. Container of claim 1 wherein said hinge connecting said cover
and said body comprises a pair of tapered flanges extending
outwardly of the rear panels of said cover and said body, the
intersection of said flanges being of relatively thin material.
8. A one-piece dropfront container for use as a filing case or the
like comprising:
A. a body having contiguous bottom, rear, and a pair of side
panels,
B. a cover integrally hinged to the top of said rear panel,
with
1. contiguous top, front, rear, and a pair of side panels and,
2. a first, inwardly extending, latch integral with said cover,
C. a front panel integrally hinged to the front of said bottom
panel, with
1. a pair of guide tabs contiguous with said front panel and
extending into said body adjacent said side panels, and
2. a second outwardly extending latch integral with said front
panel mating with said first latch when said cover and said front
panel are both in closed positions, and
D. a pair of flaps cooperating with said guided tabs integrally
hinged to the tops of said side panels and foldable inwardly of
said body, and a pair of inwardly facing projections on said flaps
to provide a movement limiting abutment for said guide tabs,
said body, cover front panel, hinges, guide tabs, latches, and
limited movement means being integrally formed as a unitary
structure of resilient plastic material, so that lifting of said
first latch or pressure on said front panel disengages said latches
and permits the cover to be opened and said front panel to be swung
outward.
Description
FIELD
This invention relates to containers for use as filing cases or the
like, and more particularly concerns the provision of a dropfront
filing case formed as an assembled unitary structure from a single
mass of resilient, or flexible, plastic material.
OBJECTS
The primary object of the invention is to provide a dropfront
filing case fabricated of one piece of plastic material, utilizing
the cost and ease of fabrication characteristic of plastic, in a
structure having the attractiveness, security, and ease of
operation generally associated only with metal cases.
Another object is to provide a filing case that is easily made,
requiring only one step in its fabrication, and yet which has
features heretofore available only in more complicated and
expensive structures.
A further object is to provide a unitary plastic filing case having
a forward-swinging front panel permitting easy accessibility of
file cards or the like, and which is molded of one mass of
resilient or flexible plastic material.
A further object is to provide such a filing case in which the
forward-swinging panel and the case cover are readily opened and,
indeed, tend to remain in an open position unless latched.
More specific objects are to provide such cases and similar
containers adaptable for a variety of uses and in different sizes,
together with improvements therein to facilitate such
adaptations.
While the invention will be described in connection with preferred
embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit
the invention thereto, but it is intended to cover all
modifications, and alternative constructions falling within the
spirit and scope of the invention as
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention will become further evident in conjunction with the
following drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective of one form of the inventive container,
showing the dropfront and the cover in an open position and
depicting file cards in phantom;
FIG. 2 is a front elevation, in partial section, of the embodiment
of FIG. 1, with the container in the closed position;
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the containers of FIGS. 1 and 2,
showing the container in closed position in solid lines and in open
position in phantom. The view is taken along 3-3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a perspective of an alternative form of the invention
utilizing a particularly advantageous integral latch and catch
mechanism;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along 5-5 of FIG. 4,
depicting the operation of the novel latch and catch;
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of yet another alternative form of
the inventive container, showing the dropfront in closed position
in solid lines, and in open position in phantom;
FIG. 7 is a perspective of still another embodiment of the
invention, showing the dropfront disengaged from movement-limiting
projections in solid lines and engaged in phantom view;
FIG. 8 is a construction view of the embodiment of FIG. 3,
depicting the container of FIG. 3 as it is formed in an injection
casting mold with the cover and dropfront in open positions;
FIG. 9 is yet another embodiment of the invention, showing an open
container in perspective;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view, in partial section, of the hinge
interconnecting the cover and rear panel of the container of FIG.
9; and
FIG. 11 is a construction view, similar to that of FIG. 8, but
relating to the embodiment of FIG. 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As indicated, a primary feature of the invention is to provide a
filing case wherein filing cards and filing card indices are
protectively housed while the case is in a closed position but are
readily exposed when the case is opened. To this end, and directing
attention to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the invention is depicted
where the case, in open position, is shown exposing the index card
guides, shown in phantom, to view and accessibility.
The case itself comprises essentially a body 10, a hinged cover 11,
and a swinging or dropfront panel 12. The cover 11 is integrally
hinged to the body 10, as will be described in more detail
hereinafter, and the front panel 12 is similarly hinged to the body
10. The body portion has a contiguous bottom panel 16, ribbed or
stepped (as best shown in FIG. 3) to assist in aligning the index
cards. Also contiguous is the rear panel 18, and the pair of side
panels 19, 20.
The term "contiguous" as used throughout is intended to mean
integrally joined at their mating surfaces or edges. Thus, with
respect to the body 10, the bottom panel 16, the rear panel 18, and
the pair of side panels 19, 20 are joined together in the molding
or casting operation so as to form an integral unit, in this case a
four-sided open troughlike structure.
The container cover 11 is similarly composed of contiguously joined
panel sections, namely the top panel 21, a front panel 22, a rear
panel 23, and a pair of side panels 24, 25. These constitute, in
effect, an inverted open tray. Again, the several panels are
contiguously joined in the casting operation.
In the above description, and throughout the remaining description
of this and similar containers, the direction of view is from the
position shown in FIG. 2, that is, looking toward the dropfront of
the container while the container is in an erect position. This
convention is adopted to facilitate the description, as it is the
normal position of containers of this general type. Also, the
adjectives "inwardly" or "outwardly" refer to directions with
respect to the center of the container.
As shown further in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the front panel 12 has a
pair of side panels 28, 29, generally triangular in shape and
extending approximately perpendicularly of the front panel 12 and
inwardly of the container. These guide tabs 28, 29 thus are
adjacent to the respective side panels 19, 20 of the container, and
serve to confine the indices when the front panel 12 is in an open
position. Although not shown in the drawings, it is preferred that
the guide tabs 28, 29 be bowed slightly outward so as to rest
snugly against the sides of side panels 19, 20, respectively.
In keeping with the invention, to permit only limited forward
movement of the front panel 12 about its integral hinge 31 (as best
shown in FIG. 3), cooperation is effected between the guide tabs
28, 29 and abutments on the container side panels 19, 20. In the
embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, and as best shown in FIG. 2, the
abutments comprise a pair of channel elements 36, 38 near the tops
of the side panels 19, 20, respectively, and extending inwardly and
downwardly of the body side panels. The channel elements 36, 38 are
contiguous with the side panels and with the rear panel 18. These
channel elements 36, 38 serve both as confining channels for the
guide tabs 28, 29 while the inner sections of the channel elements
36, 38 act as stops or abutments for corresponding projections 33
(FIG. 3) on each of the guide tabs.
Directing attention particularly to FIG. 3, this figure shows in
solid lines the container in a closed position and, in dotted lines
or phantom, the container when 11a The swinging front panel 12 is
hinged about an integral hinge 31, moving from a closed position
illustrated by panel 12 to an open position of panel 12a.
By the same token, the cover 11 swings about an integral hinge 32
from its closed position shown as cover 11 to an open position
shown as cover 11.sup.a in dotted or phantom view.
FIG. 3 further illustrates the action of an integral latch 26 on
the cover 11 in its engaged and in its disengaged position with a
mating integral latch 15 on the front panel 12. When the container
or box of FIG. 3 is closed, the two latches 26, 15 are in the
engaged position, being held in that position by reason of the
resilient nature of the plastic material of the container.
As better shown in FIG. 1, the latch 26 integral with the cover 11
advantageously extends longitudinally along substantially the
entire length of the cover front panel 22, while the latch 15
integral with the dropfront panel 12 preferably extends only over a
small proportion of the top of the front panel 12. Thus, manual
lifting of the outer latch or catch 26 anywhere along its length
serves to disengage the two latches and permit the cover 11 to be
opened, while, conversely, pressure at about the center of the
front panel 12 will accomplish the same purpose.
When the cover 11 is closed, a pair of flanges 34, 35 along the
tops of the side panels 19, 20 and positioned in an inwardly offset
relation contact the inwardly facing surfaces of cover side panels
24, 25 to insure that the cover is positioned securely in place.
This insures protection for the contents of the container.
If desired, a pair of feet 14 (FIGS. 2, 3) may be provided to
secure the container in an upright position.
Also, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cover top panel 21 is
advantageously slightly recessed below the edges of the cover
front, rear, and side panels, and is dished slightly inwardly as
viewed from the side (FIG. 3). Not only does this concavity provide
a more pleasing appearance, but it further insures structural
rigidity of the cover.
Containers of the invention are integrally formed as a unitary
structure of a resilient plastic material, advantageously a
flexible organic thermoplastic such as isotactic polypropylene.
Isotactic polypropylene is sufficiently rigid to provide a
protective container, yet flexible enough to permit the employment
of an integral latch mechanism (latches 15, 26 of FIG. 3) and
integral hinges (hinges 31 and 32 of FIG. 3) to enable the
components of the container to be opened.
A somewhat more complicated but in many respects more advantageous
latch mechanism is depicted in the embodiment of FIG. 4, showing an
alternative latch, and of FIG. 5, which is an enlarged sectional
view taken along 5-5 of FIG. 4. This latch mechanism permits
pressure on the cover 11 of the container to disengage the latch
and release the dropfront panel 12.
The latch of FIGS. 4 and 5 is likewise integral with the front
panel 12 of container cover 11. The latch comprises a first
generally thick portion 101 of the cover top panel 102, located
near the edge or intersection 104 of the cover top panel 102 with
the cover front panel 105. A resilient, generally thinner boundary
portion 106 surrounds at least a major part of the first generally
thick portion 101, and is contiguous with this generally thick
portion and with the remainder of the cover top panel 102. This
boundary portion 106 is generally U-shaped, as seen in FIG. 5,
forming an upward facing trough.
A second generally thick portion 108 is provided on the cover front
panel 105, near the intersection 104 of the top panel 102 and the
front panel 105 and adjacent the first generally thick portion 101.
This second generally thick portion similarly has a resilient
generally thinner boundary portion 109 defining at least a part of
this thick portion 108, and contiguous with the portion 108 and
with the remainder of the front panel 105. Consequently, both thick
portions 101 and 108 are somewhat free to move relative to the
cover top panel 102 and front panel 105.
As best shown in FIG. 5, a gusset 110 is provided to connect the
two thick portions 101, 108. Thus, finger pressure applied to the
first generally thick portion 101 causes both of the thick portions
101, 108 to swing as a unit about the intersection 104.
As the thick portions 101, 108 swing or pivot about intersection
104, a latch 111 on the second thick portion 108 swings outwardly
and disengages from a mating latch 112 on the front panel 12. This
permits the front panel 12 to swing forward, whereupon the cover
102 of the container may be lifted upward to fully expose the
contents of the container.
Alternative constructions for all or some of the components
described previously may be provided, and FIG. 6 illustrates one
such construction. Turning to this Figure, it is seen that the
front panel is divided into a lower section 210 which is rigidly
connected to the container body 10, and an upper portion 212
hingedly connected through integral hinge 213 to the lower portion
210. FIG. 6 also shows an alternative construction to permit
limited forward movement of the upper portion 212 to its open
position shown in phantom at 212a; in contrast to the channel
elements 36, 38 of FIG. 2, a pair of projections 215 are located on
the inwardly facing sides of body side panels 19, 20. As shown in
FIG. 6, these engage similar projections 216 on guide tabs 28, 29.
Thus, when the dropfront panel is in position shown in phantom at
212a, the respective projections 215, 216 abut each other and
prevent further forward movement.
FIG. 7 shows yet another alternative embodiment of the container.
This embodiment features flat inner surfaces of the body side
panels 19, 20 to prevent smooth inward facing surfaces to the
interior of the container and thus avoid impeding tilting of the
index cards. The smooth surfaces are provided by a pair of flaps
301, 302, integrally hinged to the tops of side panels 19, 20
respectively, and foldable inwardly of the side panels and body. A
pair of projections 304, 305, disposed respectively on the flaps
301, 302, are positioned as shown in phantom 306 when the flaps
301, 302, are folded inwardly of the container. To secure the flaps
in this position, projecting snaps 307, 308, engaging holes 309,
are provided. As a result, when the flaps 301, 302 are in a closed
position (as partially shown in phantom 306), the projections or
bosses 304, 305 abut against projections 310, 311 on the front
panel guide tabs 28, 29 and prohibit further forward movement.
An advantageous feature of the invention is the provision whereby
all of the components are cast or molded as a unitary structure in
a single molding operation. Thus, no assembly operations are
required beyond merely closing the container. To this end, and as
shown in FIG. 8, a mold cavity is provided which forms the entire
container in one piece. The body 10, to cover 11, and the front
panel 12, together with all their several constituents and the
integral hinges 31, 32, are cast in a mold cavity as a single
unitary mass of plastic.
The mold cavity, formed by cope 318 and drag 319, is shaped such
that the cover 11 is open 90.degree. with respect to the body 10,
and such that the front panel 12 is open 180.degree. with respect
to the body 10. When the integral hinges are cast with the cover 11
and the front portion 12 in these open positions, there is
sufficient rigidity in the hinges to bias these members in normally
open positions. In other words, the container tends to remain
open.
It has been found that an even more advantageous structure is
provided when the container is of the form depicted in FIG. 9. The
hinge 432 of the structure of FIG. 9 (as best shown in FIG. 10) is
formed by a constricted intersection of a pair of tapered flanges
433, 434, which extend transversely, preferably at about right
angles, from the cover rear panel 23, and the body rear panel 18,
respectively. Smooth U-shaped cuts 435, 436, at the ends of the
hinge 432, protect against notch sensitivity of the hinge. In the
structure of FIG. 9, as in the other structures, hinge thicknesses
of about 0.005 inch are convenient. Slitting a center portion of
the hinge 432 reduces the opening and closing effort.
The front panel 12 structure of FIG. 9 also differs from that of
the previous embodiments. A flange 438 is provided on the
peripheral edges of the front panel guide tabs 28; a similar flange
on the opposing other guide tab is omitted in this sectioned
drawing. These flanges 438 extend outwardly and downwardly so as to
engage mating guides 437 to provide tracks for the guide tabs 28
during the entire arcuate movement of the front panel 12.
The flange 438, and a corresponding flange on the other front panel
guide tab, not shown, swing along a projecting shouldered portion
439, 440 formed by inwardly extending flanges 441, 442 along the
front edges of the side panels 19, 20. These flanges 441, 442 serve
as abutments for outwardly directed bosslike projections 443 on
front panel guide tab 28, and on a similar projection on the other
guide tab, not shown, to limit forward movement of the front panel
12.
In manufacturing the structure of FIG. 9 it is preferred that the
cover 21 be open 180.degree. during the casting operation. This is
best indicated in FIG. 10 showing the cover rear panel 23, and the
body rear panel 18 parallel to each other in the as-cast
unassembled position. The front panel 12 in this case is
advantageously molded in the 90.degree. open position.
Certain additional features of the structure of FIG. 9 bears
attention. An upright projection 445, integral with body side panel
20, and a corresponding projection on the inside of body side panel
19, prevent the front panel 12 from closing too far, particularly
when the front panel 12 is compressed to open the container. (In
the embodiment of FIG. 9 these projections 445 are shown as being
generally rodlike in shape, with their top ends undercut so as to
engage the tapered inner edges of the guide tabs 28; it is
preferable from a manufacturing standpoint that the projections be
generally rectangular as viewed from the container interior, and
continue perpendicularly down to the bottom panel 16.)
An inwardly extending gusseted flange 447 is desirably provided
along the top edge of the front panel 12 to compress index cards
away from the cover 21 when the cover 21 is being closed. This
prevents damage to the cards by inadvertent contact with the cover,
while the gussets prevent the cards from being caught under the
flange 447.
In the embodiment of FIG. 9, and as more clearly shown in FIG. 11
portraying a construction view, the bottom panel 16 is curved or
arched upward and is also provided with a series of parallel ridges
448. These in cooperation serve to align the index cards and to
allow the cards to separate easily when the container is open.
Manufacture of the FIG. 9 embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 10, a
construction view of the embodiment in a casting mold comprising
cope 418 and drag 419. Here the front panel 12 is 90.degree. open
and the cover 11 is 180.degree. open. As a result, the draw depth
and consequently the mold height are reduced (in comparison with
the FIG. 8 construction), and mold heating and cooling are
consequently improved.
Thus it is apparent that there has been provided according to the
invention a structure that fully meets the objectives, aims, and
advantages asserted.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific
embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives,
modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in
the art in light of the foregoing description.
* * * * *