U.S. patent number 3,593,444 [Application Number 04/778,502] was granted by the patent office on 1971-07-20 for visual displays.
Invention is credited to Harold S. Akrongold, Rochelle Akrongold.
United States Patent |
3,593,444 |
Akrongold , et al. |
July 20, 1971 |
VISUAL DISPLAYS
Abstract
A liquid in a transparent container has a relatively small
quantity of pearl essence crystalline powder pigment mixed
therewith. When quiescent, the mixture appears substantially opaque
and lacking a mist pattern. When agitated, as by stirring by a
motor-driven bar or propeller or the like, the mixture while
remaining substantially opaque takes on a constantly changing mist
pattern containing, for example, randomly moving veins of gold,
streaks, lines, and/or areas, all more or less darkened, which
constantly alter their shape, texture, direction and dimensions. It
may be said to simulate marble wherein the veins are in constant
change and flux. When a lamp is lit within or without the enclosure
of the container, the mixture is made to appear translucent.
Inventors: |
Akrongold; Harold S. (East
Rockaway, NY), Akrongold; Rochelle (East Rockaway, NY) |
Family
ID: |
25113559 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/778,502 |
Filed: |
November 25, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
40/407; 366/274;
40/426; 40/406 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G09F
13/24 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G09F
13/00 (20060101); G09F 13/24 (20060101); G09f
013/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;40/106.21,106.45
;106/291 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Charles; Lawrence
Assistant Examiner: Carter; Richard
Claims
We claim:
1. In combination, a substantially transparent container containing
a normally quiescent and substantially opaque mixture composed of a
liquid vehicle and a pearlescent pigment, and means for effecting
in said mixture a constantly changing visual pattern of mist and
pearlescent veins, said means comprising means for stirring said
mixture, a support of nonmagnetizeable material upon which said
container rests, said last-named means comprising a motor mounted
under said support and having a vertical drive shaft directed
toward the bottom of said container, said shaft having a magnet
rigid on the upper end thereof and spaced from but close to the
underside of said support, the container having a magnetizeable
member resting loosely on the bottom thereof and positioned
vertically above said magnet whereby upon energization of the motor
said magnetizeable member moves in synchronism with said magnet on
said shaft.
2. A combination according to claim 1, said magnet on said shaft
and said magnetizeable member having the centers thereof positioned
in vertical alignment with each other and substantially with the
center of said bottom of the container.
3. A combination according to claim 4, said magnet having the form
of a bar magnet, said magnetizeable member comprising a bar magnet,
both of said magnets having substantially the same length.
4. A combination according to claim 2, said magnetizeable member
having a coating of plastic material covering the surface
thereof.
5. A combination according to claim 1, said container having an
inwardly directed tubular passage closed at its inner end extending
into the body thereof, and an electric lamp mounted in said
passage.
6. A combination according to claim 1, said magnetizeable member
having a coating of plastic material thereon.
7. In combination, a substantially transparent container containing
a normally quiescent and substantially opaque mixture composed of a
liquid vehicle and a pearlescent pigment, and means for effecting
in said mixture a constantly changing visual pattern of mist and
pearlescent veins, said means comprising means for stirring said
mixture, a support of nonmagnetizeable material upon which said
container rests, said last-named means comprising a motor mounted
under said support and having a vertical drive shaft directed
substantially toward the center of the bottom of the container,
said shaft having a disc of nonmagnetizeable material mounted on
the upper end thereof and coaxial therewith, said disc being
positioned closely adjacent the underside of said support and
having a magnet mounted eccentrically thereon, the container having
a magnetizeable member resting loosely on the bottom thereof and
positioned at the same degree of eccentricity with respect to the
center of said bottom of the container as the eccentricity of said
magnet with respect to said shaft.
8. A combination according to claim 7, said magnet having the form
of a bar magnet, said magnetizeable member comprising a bar magnet,
both of said magnets having substantially the same length.
9. A combination according to claim 7, said magnetizeable member
having a coating of plastic material thereon.
10. A combination according to claim 7, said magnetizeable member
having a coating of plastic material covering the surface
thereof.
11. A combination according to claim 7, said container having an
inwardly directed tubular passage closed at its inner end extending
into the body thereof, and an electric lamp mounted in said
passage.
Description
The present invention consists essentially in the provision of (1)
a container which is preferably transparent although it may be
translucent, that is, only partially transparent, in which is
contained (2) any suitable liquid vehicle (for example, water or
oil), (3) pearlescent pigment mixed with the liquid, and (4) means
for stirring the mixture. Additionally, the container may be
provided with means (5) for illuminating the mixture from within or
without the container.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side view of one form of container, seated upon a
platform or box in which the actuating motor is mounted; the motor
is assumed to be deenergized whence the mixture, represented by
broken horizontal lines, is quiescent and appears opaque.
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing marblelike, or
"marbled" veins at an instant during their motion consequent to
stirring of the mixture upon energization of the motor; the mixture
still appears opaque.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 2 but showing another
position or arrangement of the mist pattern at a later instant and
with the lamp energized whence the mixture appears translucent.
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but showing still another mist
pattern at another later instant; the pattern changes constantly
while the mixture is being stirred.
FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view through the entire device of
FIG. 1 on a plane through the tubular recess formed in the
container for insertion of a light bulb.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of the free magnet shown at
the bottom of the container in FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7-7 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a top plan view of a modified form of free magnet in the
configuration of a propeller.
FIG. 9 is an end view of FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged top plan view of a modified form of driving
motor.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken on the line 11-11 of FIG. 10.
FIG. 12 is an elevational view, partly in phantom, of a table or
floor lamp provided with a further modified motor driven
agitator.
Numerous forms of the substance or pigment known as "pearl essense"
or "pearlescent pigment" are available on the market under various
trade names; they are in the form of crystalline platelets that
reflect light. Among such are the following:
1. Titanium dioxide coated on to mica, marketed under the
trademarks TIMICA and MERLIN and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
3,123,490.
2. Ground mica per se.
3. Lead carbonate, marketed under the trademarks MURANO and
NACROMER-Y and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,950,981.
4. Natural fish scale pearlescent pigments, chemically crystals of
"guanine," marketed under the trademark MEARLMAID-MO.
5. Bismuth oxychloride in stabilized and unstabilized forms,
marketed under the trademark MEARLITE and disclosed in U.S. Pat.
No. 2,974,053.
6. Ground silver crystals, marketed under the trademark
LUNAPEARL.
7. Laminated kaolin, marketed under the trademark KA-OPAQUE.
In carrying out the instant invention, the pigments are dispersed
in vehicles among which are water, oil, solvents such as hexylene
glycol, ethyl alcohol, and CARBITOL, or combinations of such
substances. The amount of any pigment in any vehicle ranges, by
weight, between 0.0001 and 25 percent of the mixture; in general,
the greater the proportion of pigment to vehicle, the heavier
appear the veins in the marblelike appearance of the agitated
mixture. Color may be accented by adding a color dye to the
mixture; for example, for blue the dye FD and C Blue No. 1, and for
red the dye D and C RED 19.
Examples of mixtures which can be used are, by weight:
1. TIMICA, one-half percent; water, 99.5 percent; brilliant gold,
one-half percent.
2. MEARLMAID-MO, 3 percent; light mineral oil, 97 percent.
3. Bismuth oxychloride (MEARLITE-GBZ), 10 percent; hexylene glycol,
90 percent.
4. MERLIN pale gold, 1 percent, water, 45 percent; glycol, 54
percent.
Referring now in detail to the accompanying drawings, the numeral
10 designates a transparent container shown, merely by way of
example, n the form of a narrow-necked bottle or the like having a
substantially bulbous or substantially spherical body 11 provided
with a flat bottom 12. In order to provide a passage for insertion
of an electric lamp 13 into the body 11, a sealed tubular
deformation 14 is blown into the body 11 along approximately a
radius of the body. Hence, the lamp may be positioned as shown in
FIG. 5, sealed from but surrounded by the liquid mixture 15
contained in the bottle.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1--5, a member 16 made of
magnetizeable material, preferably a bar magnet, is shown resting
loosely, that is, free, on the container bottom 12. The container
10 is mounted on the top surface 17 of a nonmagnetizeable support,
platform, or the like, which, as shown, may be the top of a box 18.
Within the box an electric motor 23 is shown mounted with its shaft
19 vertical and coaxial with the container body. Rigid on or
secured to the upper end of the shaft 19 is a magnet 20, preferably
a bar magnet at right angles to the shaft and preferably of
substantially the same length as the bar magnet 16. The magnet 20
is positioned closely adjacent the top wall of the box.
The liquid mixture 15 normally appears substantially opaque, that
is, wholly opaque or partly so for only a relatively short distance
thereinto as observed by a viewer. With the liquid 15 comprising a
mixture of a vehicle and a pigment, examples of which were given
above, upon energization of the motor 19 its magnet 20, in
rotating, causes synchronous rotation of the magnet 16 about it
midpoint. Hence the liquid 15 is agitated or stirred. This stirring
of the liquid sets the pigment contained therein in motion to
generate a constantly changing pattern of moving veins throughout
the liquid which, although it appears substantially opaque, is
visible through the transparent wall of the container. The slower
the r.p.m. of the motor, the slower are the movements of the
pattern, and vice versa. The resultant effect is a pleasing,
attractive and even charming display.
When a container, of which that shown at 10 is an example, has
provision for insertion of an electric lamp into the body thereof,
and the lamp is energized, the entire liquid mixture appears
translucent throughout its depth in all directions. The visual
effects are changed by inserting the lamp only part way into the
tube 14.
Referring to FIGS. 6--7, although the bar magnet 16 may be a naked
piece of magnetizeable or magnetized material, shown at 16a, the
latter has its entire surface coated with a thin layer 21 of smooth
plastic, which layer is then coated with a spongelike plastic cover
22 except for the extremities of the magnet.
FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate a modified arrangement of the device
whereby the free magnet 16, not shown, is positioned at a distance
outward from the midpoint of the container bottom 17, that is,
eccentrically. Here the shaft 19 of the motor 23 has a disc 24 of
insulating material, for example, plastic, fixed concentrically on
the upper end of the shaft. The magnet 20, instead of being fixed
to the shaft 19, is now mounted eccentrically on but preferably
imbedded in the disc 24 on a radius of the disc and at the same
distance from the shaft as the radial distance of the magnet 16
from the center of the container bottom. Thus, during rotation of
the motor the magnet 16 will sweep through an annular path on the
container bottom.
FIG. 12 illustrates a modified application of the invention to a
table or floor lamp. The bulbous body 26 of the container 27 is
presumed to contain a mixture of liquid vehicle and pigment, as
described above. At 25 is shown, in phantom, the s shade of the
lamp.
Mounted on the neck 28 of the container 27 is a motor 29 and
surmounted on the motor is a lamp socket 30. The motor shaft 31
extends downward toward the bottom of the container and has a
propeller 32 on its lower end, preferably positioned close to the
bottom of the container. Energization of the motor will obviously
cause stirring of the liquid mixture, to obtain the constantly
changing mist patterns previously described.
* * * * *