U.S. patent number 3,590,202 [Application Number 05/013,321] was granted by the patent office on 1971-06-29 for construction for tuning microwave heating applicator.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Bechtel Corporation. Invention is credited to John D. A. Day, Edward J. Hunt.
United States Patent |
3,590,202 |
Day , et al. |
June 29, 1971 |
CONSTRUCTION FOR TUNING MICROWAVE HEATING APPLICATOR
Abstract
A microwave heating applicator that operates in the TM modes
having a substantially cylindrical resonant cavity in which
elongate material is heated while being processed therethrough. A
microwave heating applicator having a perforated end cap on one
end, said end cap having perforations for admitting heated air into
the cavity, the size of each perforation being sufficiently small
relative to its length to attenuate the transmission of microwave
energy, a manifold for receiving heated air and guiding the air
toward the perforations in the end cap; and a cylindrical metal
sleeve mounted in openings through the end cap and manifold, one
end of said sleeve projecting into the resonant cavity and the
other end being accessible for adjusting its axial position as to
tune the cavity.
Inventors: |
Day; John D. A. (Berkeley,
CA), Hunt; Edward J. (San Francisco, CA) |
Assignee: |
Bechtel Corporation
(N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
21759363 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/013,321 |
Filed: |
February 24, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
219/696; 219/681;
219/750 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H05B
6/705 (20130101); H05B 6/80 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H05B
6/78 (20060101); H05b 009/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;5B/500 ;219/10.55,10.61
;333/83 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Truhe; J. V.
Assistant Examiner: Bender; L. H.
Claims
What we claim is:
1. In a microwave heating applicator having a substantially
cylindrical resonant cavity, a perforated end cap mounted to one
end of said applicator, said end cap having perforations for
admitting heated air into the cavity, the size of each perforation
being sufficiently small relative to its length to inhibit the
transmission of microwave energy therethrough, means defining a
central opening through said end cap and coaxial relative to said
cavity; means defining a plenum at the one end of said applicator
for receiving heated air and guiding the air through the
perforations in said end cap, said plenum means having an opening
coaxial with the opening of said end cap; and a cylindrical tuning
sleeve mounted in the openings through said end cap and plenum
means, one end of said cylindrical sleeve extending into said
cavity, the other end of said sleeve projecting out from said
plenum means.
2. The microwave heating applicator of claim 1, the opening through
said end cap being defined by a substantially cylindrical mounting
sleeve having a segmented end that extends into said cavity and
terminates at a distance approximately one-fourth wavelength from
the near end of the cavity.
3. The microwave heating applicator of claim 2, said segmented end
comprising a plurality of fingers that taper axially inward and
provide resiliency for griping said tuning sleeve.
4. The microwave heating applicator of claim 1, said end cap
comprising a cylindrical wall section that defines a portion of the
resonant cavity and having a connecting flange for attachment to
the applicator, the axial length of said wall portion being
approximately one-fourth wavelength.
5. A microwave heating applicator having a resonant cavity adapted
to operate in the TM modes and comprising: a cylindrical waveguide;
an end cap mounted at one end of said waveguide, said end cap being
perforated and having a central opening coaxial of said waveguide
the size of each perforation being sufficiently small relative to
its length to inhibit the transmission of microwave energy
therethrough; a plenum in communication with said perforations and
having an opening therethrough and a cylindrical metal tuning
sleeve extending through the opening of said end cap and axially
adjustable therein, one end of said sleeve projecting into the
resonant cavity and the other end being accessible to adjust the
axial position of the sleeve and tune the cavity.
6. The microwave heating applicator of claim 5, said end cap
comprising a substantially cylindrical mounting sleeve for
supporting said metal tuning sleeve, and further comprising a
mainfold mounted to said end cap for receiving heated air and
guiding the air through the perforated end cap into the resonant
cavity, said manifold having an opening therethrough coaxial with
the mounting sleeve and the central opening of said end cap, said
mounting sleeve extending through the opening of said manifold.
Description
This invention generally relates to microwave heating applicators
and more particularly to applicators for continuously processing
and heating a threadlike substance. The invention particularly
relates to applicators which operate in the TM modes and which may
be tuned while in use.
Various microwave heating applicators are known which provide means
for continuously processing a threadlike substance and which also
have the capacity for being tuned while in operation. An exemplary
teaching of this type is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,461,261 in
which tuning is accomplished by partially loading the cavity using
a quartz sleeve mounted in one end of the applicator. However, none
of the previously known microwave applicators are capable of being
operated in the TM modes and tuned while simultaneously passing an
airstream through a resonant cavity. In brief, the present
invention comprises a microwave heating applicator having a
cylindrical resonant cavity which is tuned with a metallic sleeve,
the axial position and portion of the sleeve within the resonant
cavity determining the effective electrical length of the
applicator as a whole as determined by the formula
.theta.=2.pi.l.sub.1 /.lambda.g.sub.1 + 2.pi.l.sub.2
/.lambda.g.sub.2
Where
.theta. = effective electrical length of applicator
1.sub.1 = physical length of that portion of resonant cavity which
is occupied by the metallic sleeve.
1.sub.2 = physical length of the remaining portion of resonant
cavity not occupied by the metallic sleeve.
.LAMBDA.g.sub.1 = wavelength in coaxial section of resonant cavity
occupied by the metallic sleeve.
.LAMBDA.g.sub.2 = wavelength in remaining portion of resonant
cavity not occupied by metallic sleeve.
In addition, a further feature of the present invention is in
providing an applicator construction which allows a stream of
heated air to be passed through the resonant cavity while also
allowing the cavity to be tuned.
It is to be understood, therefore, that one object of the present
invention is to provide a microwave heating applicator with means
for tuning a cylindrical resonant cavity by changing its effective
electrical length and while simultaneously processing a threadlike
substance through the applicator in a heated airstream.
Another object is to provide a microwave heating applicator of the
kind described which may be disassembled for cleaning and then
reassembled with a minimum of down time and labor.
Other objects of this invention will become apparent in view of the
following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings forming a part of this application and in which
like parts are identified by like reference numerals throughout the
same.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of this
invention in a microwave heating applicator, a portion of the
applicator being broken away;
FIG. 2 is a vertical section of a portion of the applicator shown
in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical section of the lower end of the
applicator;
FIG. 4 is a section taken on lines 4-4 of FIG. 3; and
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the tuning sleeve mounted in the
perforated end cap forming part of the applicator.
Referring to FIG. 1 in particular, there is shown a preferred
embodiment in a microwave applicator 10 connected to a source of
microwave energy 11 through a three-port circulator 12. One port of
the circulator connects with a water load 13 which absorbs
reflected energy, the other two ports connecting the applicator
with the source of microwave energy, all in a manner well known in
this art.
The present invention is directed more especially to those
structural details of applicator 10 which allow tuning while
elongated, threadlike material T is being processed. In general,
applicator 10 comprises a cylindrical waveguide 20 that operates in
the TM modes for heating the material T as it is drawn through the
waveguide. Heated air is introduced into the waveguide through a
bottom manifold 21 secured by set screw 22 to an axially segmented
sleeve 23, said sleeve forming an integral part of a perforated end
cap 24 having a plurality of openings 24a for admitting heated air
into the resonant cavity. The cross section or size of each opening
24a is restricted by design so that microwave energy is not lost
through the openings. This involves a selection and design of
opening size and length as required to attenuate microwave energy
of predetermined wavelength. In effect, the perforated end cap
serves as a conducting screen in which openings 24a are too small
to permit radiation leakage but offer only slight restriction to
the flow of heated air.
End cap 24 provides a cylindrical wall section 25 that defines a
portion of the resonant cavity, a relatively large flange 26 being
provided at the end of the wall section for attaching the end cap
to the bottom flange 27 of wave guide 20. The two flanges are
joined together by a rapid disconnect coupling 28 of conventional
design.
It will be especially noted that the end cap is designed as a
component part of the applicator so that the interface between
flanges 26 and 27 is a quarter wavelength from the end of the
resonant cavity. This construction creates a condition such that
the E field between flanges is at a minimum. Also, the relatively
large and flat surfaces of contact between flanges makes the joint
relatively insensitive to frequency variations.
End cap 24 further comprises an inner segmented sleeve 29 that
extends into the resonant cavity a distance of approximately one
quarter wavelength, and the ends of the sleeve are preferably
tapered to avoid arcing. The tapered ends also aid in preventing
dust or other materials introduced into the waveguide from
collecting in a region of high E field intensity.
Inner segmented sleeve 29, as well as exterior sleeve 23, define an
inner opening and mounting for a metallic tuning sleeve 30. The
segments of sleeve 29 are particularly formed so that their tapered
ends contact the tuning sleeve with a resilient gripping force.
This force is sufficient to support the sleeve itself but allows
the sleeve to be moved coaxially of the resonant cavity into
various positions of adjustment. Once the resonant cavity has been
properly tuned, sleeve 30 is clamped in a fixed axial position by
means of an expansible band 31 mounted around a segmented portion
of sleeve 23.
Applicator 10 further comprises an upper end cap 40 having a
lateral connection 41 that communicates with a vacuum source, not
shown. In addition, a choke device 42 having a pair of quarter wave
recesses 43 and 44 spaced approximately one-half wavelength apart
is employed to attenuate microwaves and prevent energy losses
through the upper end of the waveguide.
In operation, applicator 10 provides a cylindrical resonant cavity
that operates in essentially the TM modes for drying a threadlike
material. The moisture and other gases which is expelled from the
threadlike material is removed by a stream of heated air. This air
is introduced through bottom manifold 21, passed into the resonant
through openings 24a of end cap 24 and then removed from the cavity
through the upper end cap 40. Unlike conventional microwave heating
applicators, the resonant cavity of applicator 10 may be tuned
during normal processing of the threadlike material by simply
adjusting the axial position of tuning sleeve 30.
Although a preferred embodiment of this invention is illustrated
and described, various modifications and changes may be made in the
applicator construction without departing from the spirit of the
invention or the scope of the attached claims, and each of such
modifications and changes is contemplated.
* * * * *