U.S. patent number 3,584,193 [Application Number 04/818,730] was granted by the patent office on 1971-06-08 for water vaporizers.
Invention is credited to Hans Badertscher.
United States Patent |
3,584,193 |
Badertscher |
June 8, 1971 |
WATER VAPORIZERS
Abstract
An air humidifier is provided with an enclosed evaporator
wherein electrodes extend into water within the evaporator and
electrical conduction between the electrodes occurs through the
water. The heat so generated converts the water to steam and the
evaporator has a steam chamber connected, by a nozzle equipped
steam line, to the air which is to be humidified. The water sump of
the evaporator is connected to a water supply by means of a feed
line through which a constant quantity of water is supplied in an
amount exceeding the amount of water evaporated. The sump is also
connected to an overflow discharge line. A discharge orifice,
communicating with the feed line and the overflow discharge line,
is arranged in the bottom of the evaporator and the overflow is
vertically adjustable to control the water level in the
evaporator.
Inventors: |
Badertscher; Hans (Basel,
CH) |
Family
ID: |
4305689 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/818,730 |
Filed: |
April 23, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Mar 28, 1969 [CH] |
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6191/68 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
392/328; 392/331;
261/142; 392/338 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24F
6/12 (20130101); F24F 6/02 (20130101); F22B
1/30 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F24F
6/02 (20060101); F24F 6/12 (20060101); F22B
1/30 (20060101); F22B 1/00 (20060101); H05b
003/60 () |
Field of
Search: |
;219/284--295,271--276,362 ;261/141,142 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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|
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516,087 |
|
Dec 1939 |
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GB |
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87,650 |
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Jan 1921 |
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CH |
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Other References
Baudasse; German German Application 1,271,282 published 6/27/68,
219/286.
|
Primary Examiner: Bartis; A.
Claims
I claim:
1. A water evaporator comprising, in combination, an evaporator
vessel,
spaced electrodes each having a length exposed in the interior of
said vessel,
water supply means opening into said evaporator vessel in the
lowermost portion of said evaporator vessel for admitting water
into said vessel to immerse said electrodes so that the electrical
circuit between said electrodes is made through water in said
vessel,
current in said water heating said water to convert said water to
steam and said water supply means further operative to provide
water in excess of the evaporation capability of said
evaporator,
means communicating with the interior of said vessel above the
level of said water for conveying steam to air to be
humidified,
means defining a water overflow line communicating, through a water
discharge from said evaporator vessel located in the lowermost
portion of said evaporator vessel and through which excess water
supplied to said evaporator vessel is discharged, with the interior
of said vessel and having a vertically adjustable overflow point so
that the level of water in said vessel, and accordingly the amount
of electrode immersion in water, can be controlled by varying the
vertical position of said overflow point,
a distribution plate arranged above the level of the opening of
said water supply means into said evaporator vessel extending
between the walls of said evaporator vessel and having means
defining a plurality of apertures therein so that said distributor
plate distributes water uniformly over the cross section of said
evaporator vessel,
said water discharge comprising at least one opening above the
level of said distribution plate in the lowermost area of said
evaporator vessel and said water discharge opening communicating
with said water overflow,
a top on said evaporator vessel,
and a hollow generally cylindrical wall extending from said top
into said evaporator vessel and terminating at the level of said
water discharge opening, said cylindrical wall spaced from said
evaporator vessel and defining therewith a generally closed space
open only at the bottom.
2. The water evaporator of claim 1 including an outer wall
surrounding said evaporator vessel and defining therewith an
overflow space communicating with the interior of said evaporator
vessel through said discharge opening and providing a part of said
water overflow,
and wherein said overflow includes a generally cylindrical member
extending through the bottom of the space between said outer wall
and evaporator vessel wall into said overflow space with the upper
end of said cylindrical member providing the overflow point for
said overflow.
3. The water evaporator of claim 2 including means defining a
nozzle in said means for conveying steam from said evaporator
vessel and operative to retard the flow of steam from said
evaporator vessel and thereby produce a back pressure on the water
in said evaporator vessel.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
This invention relates to humidifiers and, more specifically, to
the evaporator portion of a humidifier.
Generally, humidifiers incorporating evaporators of the type
described above are well known, that is evaporators wherein water
is converted into steam by electrical conduction through the water
between electrodes extending into the water. For example, such
evaporators are described in Swiss Pat. No. 389,208 and U.S. Pat.
No 3,219,796.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Among the objects of this invention are to provide for control of
the power input to the evaporator and thereby control steam
generation, and also to hold the electrical conductivity of the
water relatively constant.
For the achievement of these and other objects, this invention
proposes an arrangement wherein the water level within the
evaporator is responsive to the position of an overflow discharge
line which communicates with the evaporator sump. The overflow
discharge line is adjustable vertically to control the sump water
level and in so doing controls the area of the electrodes immersed
in the water and correspondingly the power input to the evaporator.
Furthermore, a discharge orifice through which water circulates
from the evaporator is located in the bottom of the evaporator.
Salt concentrations and dirt collecting in the bottom of the
evaporator are conducted away through the discharge orifice to
thereby maintain the electrical conductivity of the water
relatively constant.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through an embodiment of this
invention;
FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through an alternative embodiment;
and
FIG. 3 represents a section generally along line III-III of FIG.
2.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an enclosed evaporator vessel 1 of a
humidifier is illustrated in connection with a part of the
humidifier water supply and an overflow discharge line. The
remainder of the humidifier has not been illustrated as it is not
essential to an understanding of this invention but reference may
be had to the aforementioned U.S. patent should a more complete
description thereof become necessary. The evaporator vessel
contains two generally cylindrical, concentrically arranged
electrodes 2 and 3, which may be made of metal wire mesh for
example. Leads 4 and 5 are conductively connected to an electrical
source. The cover of the vessel 1 carries steam line 6, which
includes a replaceable or adjustable nozzle 7 through which steam
is directed into the air being humidified. Opening 6a forms the
inlet to steam line 6 from the interior of the vessel. Water feed
line 8 opens into vessel 1 through inlet 8a located at the bottom
of vessel 1. In a conventional manner line 8 (not shown) may be
provided with a filter (not shown), if desired, a pressure-reducing
valve (not shown) and an input valve 10. The entire line 8 and all
its components are constructed and adapted in such a way that the
input of water to evaporator vessel 1 per unit time is greater than
the amount of water which can be evaporated in the vessel during
that same time interval. An overflow discharge line communicates
with the evaporator vessel through an opening in the bottom of the
vessel. Vertical section 9 of the overflow line opens into the
bottom of vessel 1 and is closed at its free lower end by an outlet
valve 11 which allows selective discharge of the contents of
evaporator vessel 1 into funnel 12 and a drain line attached to the
funnel. A further section 13 of the overflow discharge line extends
from section 9 and an overflow discharge part 14 slides over the
free upper end of section 13. The overflow discharge part 14 has a
watertight connection with section 13 but is vertically adjustable
on that section. Overflow part 14 consists of overflow 14a having
an overflow orifice 14b positioned above funnel 15, and vent
14c.
As the water feed line 8 is opened, water will rise in vessel 1 to
the level of overflow 14a and, thereafter, run off through the
overflow orifice 14b. As electric voltage is applied across the
electrodes 2 and 3 the water is heated between them and converted
to steam. The generated steam rises into the upper part of vessel 1
which provides a steam chamber. Instant escape of the steam through
line 6 is restricted by nozzle 7 and a back pressure is built up in
the steam chamber by the accumulation of steam to thereby depress
water level 16. In this way the amount of electrode surface
immersed in water is reduced and the electrodes no longer
contribute with all their surface to the generation of steam. This
will thus reduce the amount of steam being generated. It will be
seen that by raising or lowering the overflow 14a one can raise or
lower the water level 16 in the evaporator vessel 1 and, thereby,
increase or decrease the generation of steam.
Due to the fact that electrodes 2 and 3 do not extend to the bottom
of vessel 1, the water in the area of the vessel bottom remains
essentially unheated. As a result, the overflowing water passing
through vertical section 9 of the overflow line (which results from
supplying water to vessel 1 in excess of that which the electrodes
can evaporate) carries out dirt particles, salt concentrations, and
other deposits which collect at the bottom of the vessel, but does
not carry off a significant amount of heat energy.
In alternate embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the evaporator
vessel has a wall 21. The two electrodes 29 and 30 are attached to
the lid 19 of the evaporator vessel and are planar in shape,
although, other electrode forms could be used. Steam line 32
communicates with the interior of the evaporator vessel and carries
a nozzle 33 similar in construction and operation to nozzle 7.
Water feed line 22 opens into the vessel through inlet port 22a in
the vessel bottom 20. Slightly above bottom 20 a distributor plate
23, having a plurality of spaced openings 23a therein, serves to
distribute the incoming fresh water uniformly over the entire cross
section of the vessel. Above the distributor plate 23 the wall 21
of the vessel has two or more openings 24 through which the
incoming water may enter a second vessel defined by walls 21 and
25. Both walls 21 and 25 create a hollow-cylindrical or annular
space 35 therebetween into which an overflow tube 26 is inserted
from the bottom. Tube 26 has a watertight connection at the vessel
bottom but is vertically adjustable. Hollow cylindrical space 35
has a vent opening 27 in lid 19 and, if desired, a connecting line
28 can be provided to return condensate from the nozzle exit.
As can be seen from the drawing, there is also a hollow cylinder 31
fastened to the lid 19 and protruding into the evaporator vessel
down approximately to the level of the openings 24 to the overflow
line created by the annular space 35 and the tube 26. The hollow
cylinder may be an integral part of the lid 19.
As water flows into the empty vessel from the fresh water line 22,
it rises inside cylinder 31 and rises as well in space 35 up to the
upper rim of the overflow tube 26. The space between walls 31 and
21 is generally closed except at its bottom end and air in the
space will be compressed slightly while the space stays essentially
waterfree. This air space provides good thermal insulation between
the water inside the evaporator vessel and the water in space
35.
Steam is generated when the electrodes are connected to an
electrical source and that steam is delivered through the steam
line 32 to the air which is to be humidified. The nozzle 33 within
steam line 32, however, retards the flow of steam and causes a
slight overpressure within the steam generator (above water level
34 in the evaporator) which lowers water level 34 and, thereby,
reduces the effective area of electrodes 29 and 30. By adjusting
the vertical position of overflow tube 26, the operating level 34
of the water can be varied and thereby control the output of the
device. It should be noted that, here too, the water overflow (due
to delivering water in excess of that which can be evaporated)
maintains the electrical conductivity of the water inside the
evaporator relatively constant, because the constant through-flow
at the bottom of the vessel carries off whatever particles or
impurities which might tend to collect there.
* * * * *