U.S. patent number 3,583,638 [Application Number 04/800,843] was granted by the patent office on 1971-06-08 for irrigation sprinkler.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ashley F. Ward d.b.a. The Skinner Irrigation Company. Invention is credited to Ralph H. Eby, James T. Robinson.
United States Patent |
3,583,638 |
Eby , et al. |
June 8, 1971 |
IRRIGATION SPRINKLER
Abstract
A part-circle sprinkler incorporates a generally cylindrical
housing and a popup nozzle head which rotates on a vertical axis in
a step-by-step manner in response to successive impacts produced by
weight members carried by an impeller. A stream of water is
directed against the impeller by a deflector mechanism which is
actuated by adjustable fingers rotatable with the nozzle head to
reverse the direction of rotation of the impeller and the nozzle
head. A sheet metal cover is mounted on the nozzle head and engages
the housing when the head is retracted.
Inventors: |
Eby; Ralph H. (Cincinnati,
OH), Robinson; James T. (Cincinnati, OH) |
Assignee: |
Ashley F. Ward d.b.a. The Skinner
Irrigation Company (Cincinnati, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
25179517 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/800,843 |
Filed: |
February 20, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/206; 239/230;
239/241 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B05B
15/74 (20180201); B05B 3/0436 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B05B
15/10 (20060101); B05B 3/02 (20060101); B05B
15/00 (20060101); B05B 3/04 (20060101); B05b
003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/206,230,241,240,242 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: King; Lloyd L.
Claims
What we claim is:
1. A popup irrigation sprinkler comprising a housing, means
defining a water inlet for said housing, a nozzle head, means
supporting said nozzle head for rotation on a generally vertical
axis and for vertical movement between a retracted position within
said housing and an elevated position located above said housing,
an impeller having an axis of rotation substantially the same as
that of said nozzle head, impact means carried by said impeller,
means connected to said nozzle head and responsive to engagement by
said impact means for effecting step-by-step rotation of said
nozzle, means defining a passageway for directing water from said
inlet to said nozzle head, means for directing a stream of water
from said passageway against said impeller, a sheet metal cover
having a uniform wall thickness and including a recessed center
portion, and means for securing said center portion of said cover
to said nozzle head.
2. A part-circle irrigation sprinkler comprising a housing, means
defining a water inlet within the bottom portion of said housing, a
nozzle head, means supporting said nozzle head for rotation on a
generally vertical axis, an impeller having an axis of rotation
substantially the same as that of said nozzle head, impact means
carried by said impeller, means connected to said nozzle head and
responsive to engagement by said impact means for effecting
step-by-step rotation of said nozzle, said housing including means
defining a passageway for directing water from said inlet upwardly
past said impeller, a control member positioned above said impeller
for rotation on an axis generally perpendicular to the axis of said
impeller and adapted to direct the water from said passageway
downwardly toward said impeller, a deflector vane positioned
between said control member and said impeller, means supporting
said deflector vane for pivotable movement on an axis generally
parallel to the axis of said control member, and means for rotating
said control member in response to rotation of said nozzle head
through a predetermined arc to effect pivoting of said vane and
reversing of the direction of rotation of said impeller and said
nozzle head.
3. A sprinkler as defined in claim 2, including an actuator member
projecting upwardly from said control member, and adjustable finger
means rotatable with said nozzle head and positioned to engage said
actuator member to effect rotation of said control member.
4. An irrigation sprinkler comprising a housing, means defining a
water inlet for said housing, a nozzle head, means supporting said
nozzle head for rotation on a generally vertical axis, an impeller
having an axis of rotation substantially the same as that of said
nozzle head, at least one cylindrical spoollike impact member
having a circumferential groove within its outer surface, a
wirelike retaining member mounted on said impeller for rotation
therewith and including a radially outwardly projecting U-shaped
portion extending within said groove and supporting said impact
member for both radial movement and rotation on a generally
vertical axis, means connected to said nozzle head and responsive
to engagement by said impact member for effecting step-by-step
rotation of said nozzle, means defining a passageway for directing
water from said inlet to said nozzle head, and means for directing
a stream of water from said passageway toward said impeller.
5. A sprinkler as defined in claim 4, including a pair of said
impact members, and said retaining member including a pair of
diametrically positioned said U-shaped portions.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In a part-circle popup sprinkler such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
3,263,930 issued to the assignee of the present invention, a nozzle
member is rotatable within a nonrotating popup sleeve which has an
arcuate slot corresponding to the desired angular coverage of the
sprinkler. The sleeve limits the flow rate of water through the
sprinkler so that the sprinkler is primarily suited for use in the
irrigation of small areas such as home lawns. When a part-circle
sprinkler having a high flow rate is required, for example, to
irrigate a large area such as the fairway of a golf course, it has
usually been necessary to employ a sprinkler of the type disclosed
in U.S. Pat. No. 3,408,009 which employs an oscillating impact arm
and a toggle-actuated reversing mechanism.
When the latter type of sprinkler is installed as a popup unit, the
sprinkler is mounted within an inverted bell-shaped housing having
an upper portion which is sufficiently large to enclose the entire
sprinkler head including the impact arm when the head is retracted.
It is desirable to minimize the size of the housing which encloses
a popup sprinkler head to facilitate installation of the housing
within the ground and also to minimize the cost of the housing. In
addition, a small diameter housing and its correspondingly small
diameter cover are desirable from the standpoint of reducing the
chances of damaging the housing and cover when they are subjected
to a substantial load such as the weight of a vehicle traveling
over the ground.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to an improved popup sprinkler of
the general type disclosed in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No.
3,263,930 and which provides an improved mechanism for reversing
the popup sprinkler head so that the sprinkler can be used to
provide a high flow rate of water over a part-circular area. In
addition, the reversing mechanism is adapted to be installed within
a compact housing which simplifies installation of the housing
within the ground. The reversing mechanism of the invention also
provides the feature of quick actuation for producing a uniform
distribution of water over the part-circular area.
In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a sprinkler
incorporates a housing having a generally cylindrical configuration
and which defines a chamber separated into upper and lower portions
by an annular fitting. A nozzle head is positioned within the upper
portion of the housing chamber and is supported for both vertical
and rotary movement by a nozzle stem which is axially slidable
within a sleeve rotatably supported by the fitting. An impeller is
positioned within the lower portion of the housing and is supported
by the sleeve for rotation on the rotatable axis of the nozzle
head. The impeller carries a pair of diametrically arranged
spoollike weight members which produce successive impacts on an arm
secured to the sleeve to effect step-by-step rotation of the nozzle
head.
A passageway is defined within the lower portion of the housing and
directs a flow of water from the water inlet to a control member
rotatably supported by the fitting. The control member directs a
stream of water downwardly adjacent a pivotable deflector vane
which is positioned directly above the impeller. The control member
is rotated by a pair of fingers adjustably mounted on the sleeve
and is effective to pivot the deflector vane quickly thereby
changing the angle of impingement of the water stream against the
impeller for reversing the direction of rotation of the impeller
and thereby reverse the direction of rotation of the nozzle
head.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an axial section of a popup, part-circle sprinkler
constructed in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a section taken generally on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary elevational view of the sprinkler housing
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view of the annular fitting taken generally on the line
4-4 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the fitting shown in
FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a section of the sprinkler housing taken generally on the
line 6-6 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a section taken generally on the line 7-7 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a section taken generally on the line 8-8 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary section showing a modification of the
sprinkler assembly; and
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary section showing another modification of
the sprinkler assembly.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The sprinkler shown in FIG. 1 includes a generally cylindrical
housing 15 defining a chamber 16 having a top opening formed by an
annular frustoconical seat 18. The lower end portion of the housing
15 includes an eccentric boss 19 defining a threaded inlet 20 which
receives a conelike filter 21 and is adapted to be connected to a
water supply conduit 22. A generally vertically extending
projection 23 (FIG. 3) is formed as an integral part of the housing
15 and defines a passage 24 which connects the inlet 20 to the
chamber 16 through a circular port 25. The inlet 20 and the chamber
16 are also connected by a small diameter port 26 located
concentric with the boss 19. A flow-speed control screw 28 is
threaded into the housing 15 on a slightly inclined axis, and the
lower end portion of the screw 28 is adapted to extend into the
passage 24 to control the flow rate of water through the
passage.
An annular fitting 30 is positioned within the chamber 16 and forms
a partition separating the chamber 16 into an upper portion 16a and
a lower portion 16b. An O-ring forms a seal between the fitting 30
and the surrounding inner surface of the housing 15, and a slot 33
is formed within a depending skirt portion 34 of the fitting 30 for
receiving a pin 36 projecting inwardly from the housing 15 for
orienting the fitting 30 within the housing. A "C" retainer 37
secures the fitting in place.
The fitting 30 also includes a hub portion which defines a
cylindrical bore 38, and a tubular sleeve 40 is rotatable within
the bore 38. An annular external radial shoulder 42 is formed on
the sleeve 40 and engages a bearing washer 44 located adjacent the
lower hub surface of the fitting 30. A vertical slot 46 is formed
within the lower portion of the tubular sleeve 40, and the lower
end of the sleeve is received within a counterbore formed within a
plurality of lugs 47 projecting upwardly from the bottom wall of
the housing 15.
A nozzle head 50 (FIG. 1) includes a removable nozzle fitting 52
and is threadably mounted on the upper end portion of a tubular
nozzle stem 55 supported for vertical telescopic movement within
the sleeve 40. A rectifier vane 56 is positioned within the nozzle
stem 55, and a pin 58 projects outwardly from the lower end portion
of the stem 55 into the slot 46 to provide common rotation of the
nozzle head 50 and the nozzle stem 55 with the sleeve 40.
A circular sheet metal cover 60 includes a downwardly projecting
center portion 61 which is mounted on the nozzle head 50 and is
secured to a retaining ring 62. The nozzle head 50 is movable
between a retracted position within the upper chamber portion 16a
where the periphery of the cover 60 engages the seat 16 and a popup
or extended position (FIG. 1) where the nozzle member 52 is spaced
above the upper end of the housing 15 which is preferably located
flush with the ground G. A tension spring 64 surrounds the nozzle
stem 55 and has a lower end secured to the sleeve 40. The upper end
of the spring 64 is secured to the nozzle head 50 for normally
urging the nozzle head 50 and nozzle stem 55 downwardly toward
their retracted positions.
An impeller 70 has a cylindrical hub portion 72 which is rotatably
mounted on the lower end portion of the sleeve 40 and includes a
circular base portion 73 and a plurality of upwardly projecting
vanes 74. Four flat surfaces 76 (FIG. 8) are formed on the hub 72
of the impeller 70, and a spring wire retainer 77 is mounted on the
flat surfaces 76. The wire retainer 77 includes diametrically
extending U-shaped portions 78, and a spoollike weight member 80 is
retained by each U-shaped portion 78 of the retainer 77 for free
radial movement between the base portion 73 of the impeller 70 and
a washer 81 rigidly secured to the lower end portion of the
impeller 70. An L-shaped impact arm 85 is rigidly secured to the
lower end portion of the sleeve 40 and includes a tip portion 86
which projects upwardly into the path of the weight members 80 as
illustrated in FIG. 1.
The fitting 30 includes a second depending skirt portion 88 (FIG.
4) which is located diametrically opposite the skirt portion 34. A
radially extending bore 89 is formed within the skirt portion 88
and receives a rotatable cylindrical control member 90 defining a
chamber 92 which is aligned with the port 25 within the housing 15.
The control member 90 includes a cylindrical hub portion 94 which
is received within a bore 96 formed within the fitting 30
concentric with the bore 89. A pin 98 projects upwardly from the
control member 90 through a slot 99 within the fitting 30, and the
upper end portion of the pin 98 is adapted to be alternately
engaged by a pair of wire fingers 100 which are mounted on the
upper end portion of the sleeve 40 for circumferential adjustment
according to the desired arcuate travel of the nozzle head 50.
The control member 90 also has an axially extending slot 103 which
connects the chamber 92 with a passage 104 formed within the skirt
portion 88 of the fitting 30. The passage 104 connects with an
invested V-shaped cavity 105 defined by a pair of downwardly
sloping flat surfaces 106 formed on the lower end of the skirt
portion 88 of the fitting 30. A resilient washer 107 forms a
watertight seal between the control member 90 and the fitting 30. A
generally triangular-shaped deflector vane 110 is pivotally
supported within the cavity 105 by a radially extending pin 112 and
includes an upper wedge-shaped portion 114 which projects into the
passage 104. The deflector vane 110 also has angularly disposed and
downwardly sloping flat surfaces 115.
In operation, when water is supplied to the sprinkler through the
conduit 20, the primary portion of the water flows upwardly through
the passageway 24 and is directed downwardly through the slot 89
into the passage 104 and against the upper portion 114 of the
deflector vane 110. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the left flat surface
115 of the deflector vane 110 directs the water stream downwardly
at an inclined angle against the vanes 74 of the impeller 70
causing the impeller to rotate in a clockwise direction. The water
continues to flow downwardly around the periphery of the impeller,
and between the lugs 47 and upwardly within the sleeve 40 and stem
55 for discharge from the nozzle member 52.
As the impeller 70 rotates, the weight members 80 strike the impact
arm 85 twice during each revolution and thereby produce rapid
step-by-step rotation of the sleeve 40, stem 55 and nozzle head 50.
After the nozzle head 50 has advanced clockwise through a
predetermined arc as determined by the setting of the fingers 100,
one of the fingers engages the pin 98 and rotates the control
member 90 several degrees causing the stream of water discharged
from the slot 89 to engage the other side of the upper end portion
114 of the deflector vane 110. This causes the deflector vane 110
to pivot quickly to the left side of the passage 104 (FIG. 5) so
that the stream of water is directed by the right flat surface 115
against the impeller 70 at an inclined angle thereby producing
counterclockwise rotation (FIG. 7) of the impeller and
counterclockwise step-by-step rotation of the nozzle head 50. This
direction of rotation continues until the other finger 100 engages
the pin 98 causing the control member to rotate and the cycle to be
repeated.
When the water flow through the inlet 20 is shut off, the nozzle
head 50 retracts into the upper chamber portion 16 a in response to
the weight of the head and the downward force exerted by the
tension spring 64. A hole 120 is provided within the housing 15 for
draining the upper chamber portion 16 a and an inverted cup-shaped
shield 122 is mounted on the upper end of fitting 30 to avoid water
flow or drainage into the slot 99. Thus if foreign particles such
as sand are contained within the water, the particles will not
enter the slot 99 and interfere with the movement of the pin 98
within the slot 99.
Referring to FIG. 9 which shows a modification of the sprinkler
shown in FIG. 1, instead of using the O-ring 32 to form a seal
between the fitting 30 and the housing 15, a fitting 30' includes a
peripheral flange 125 which seats on an annular flat shoulder 126
formed within the housing 15' The flange 125 is secured by a series
of peripherally spaced screws 127. FIG. 10 shows another
modification wherein a fitting 30" has an annular sloping cavity
130 which provides for drainage through an opening 132 within the
fitting 30" and an aligned opening 133 within the housing 15". In
effect, the cavity 130 eliminates the slot 99 and thereby
eliminates the problem of foreign particles being trapped within
the slot and interfering with the movement of the pin 98.
From the drawings and the above description, it is apparent that a
popup sprinkler constructed in accordance with the present
invention provides desirable features and advantages. For example,
by changing the direction of rotation of the impeller 70 to produce
oscillation of the sprinkler head 50 through a predetermined arc,
the weight members 78 are used to produce rapid step-by-step
rotation of the sprinkler nozzle head 50 and the conventional
oscillating impact arm is eliminated. As a result, the upper
portion of the sprinkler housing is substantially smaller in
diameter thereby facilitating the installation of the housing
within the ground and a significant reduction in the housing
cost.
Furthermore, the mechanism for reversing the rotational direction
of the impeller provides for step-by-step rotation of the nozzle
head 50 at a uniform rate in either direction and assures that the
nozzle head 50 quickly reverses. That is, the two weight members 80
produce two impacts on the arm 85 during each revolution of the
impeller, and the cooperation between the control member 90 and the
deflector vane 110 assures that the impeller will quickly reverse
and not stall. Moreover, the sheet metal cover 60 provides a rigid
and economical cover for the housing 15, and the use of the spring
wire 77 for retaining the spoollike weight members 80 between the
impeller 70 and the washer 81 is effective to minimize wear on the
arm 85 and weight members.
While the forms of apparatus herein described constitute preferred
embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the
invention is not limited to these precise forms of apparatus, and
that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope
of the invention.
* * * * *