U.S. patent number 3,580,457 [Application Number 04/824,946] was granted by the patent office on 1971-05-25 for fastener inserting machines.
This patent grant is currently assigned to USM Corporation. Invention is credited to James N. Henshaw.
United States Patent |
3,580,457 |
Henshaw |
May 25, 1971 |
FASTENER INSERTING MACHINES
Abstract
A machine for successively installing fasteners, especially the
pull-to-set-type blind rivet-mandrel assemblies, wherein the
fasteners are fed uniformly oriented in a vertical plane from a
source of supply to a pickoff locality. An installing head is
reciprocable in a parallel plane between a fastener inserting
locality and a retracted fastener receiving position, and a
transfer device is operative between the pickoff locality and the
receiving position successively to reorient and present the
fasteners for insertion by the head in a work piece or work
pieces.
Inventors: |
Henshaw; James N. (Birmingham,
MI) |
Assignee: |
USM Corporation (Flemington,
NJ)
|
Family
ID: |
10306392 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/824,946 |
Filed: |
May 15, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jun 26, 1968 [GB] |
|
|
30358/68 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
29/818; 29/812.5;
29/243.523 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21J
15/32 (20130101); Y10T 29/53522 (20150115); Y10T
29/53496 (20150115); Y10T 29/53739 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B21J
15/34 (20060101); B21J 15/00 (20060101); B21j
015/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;72/391,467,367,377,424
;227/114,116,117,118,119,140,148 ;29/243.53,243.54 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lanham; Charles W.
Assistant Examiner: Crosby; Gene P.
Claims
I claim:
1. A machine for installing mandrel rivets in a workpiece
comprising a raceway inclined in a vertical plane for feeding
successive mandrel rivets from a supply and in rivet-up condition
to a pickoff position, a riveting head reciprocable to and from the
workpiece and operative in a plane spaced from and parallel to that
of the raceway, said head being adapted to receive and set mandrel
rivets when in rivet-down condition, and transfer means operative
in time relation to the head to receive successive mandrel rivets
at the pickoff position, and reorient them for presentation
adjacent to the workpiece and in alignment with the head when the
head is retracted.
2. A machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein said transfer means is
operatively connected to means for reciprocating said head.
3. A machine as set forth in claim 2 wherein said transfer means is
reciprocable along and about an axis, and means is provided for
angularly adjusting the operating path of the head about said
axis.
4. A machine for installing mandrel-rivets in a workpiece piece
comprising an inserting head reciprocable toward and from the work
piece, said head including a tubular end for abutting a flange of
each rivet to be set and for receiving its mandrel, and means
relatively retractable along an axis extending through said tubular
end to tension the mandrel therein, power means for controlling
reciprocation of the head and said retractable means, and feed
means operable by said power means for transferring successive
mandrel rivets cyclically from a random mass thereof and into
alignment with said axis for reception in said end, said feed means
comprising mechanism disposing successive mandrel rivets at an
angle to and offset from said axis, and transfer means movable to
carry a mandrel rivet between the offset position and a presenting
position on said axis, said transfer means being rotatable to
invert successive mandrel rivets during transfer by substantially
said angle.
5. A machine as set forth in claim 4 wherein the transfer means is
movable along a horizontal axis in time relation to the
reciprocation of said head, and the operating path of the head is
angularly adjustable about said horizontal axis.
6. A machine as set forth in claim 4 wherein the feed means
includes an inclined raceway, and the transfer means includes a
fastener-carrying shaft movable axially and about its axis, and
fastener holding means including aligned mandrel engaging shoulders
offset from the shaft axis and arranged to pick off successive
fasteners from the raceway, a surface of the shaft serving during
transfer to retain other fasteners in the raceway.
7. A machine as set forth in claim 6 wherein the holding means is
in the form of a permanent horseshoe-shaped magnet.
8. A machine as set forth in claim 6 wherein the shaft is formed
with a cam groove curved along its circumference to determine the
angular movement of the shaft during fastener transfer and
orientation.
9. A machine as set fort in claim 8 wherein the transferring means
is operatively connected to the head by linkage including a
lost-motion means, and said curved groove in the fastener carrying
shaft has terminal portions substantially parallel to the axis of
said shaft.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fasteners of the rivet-mandrel-type commonly comprise a hollow
rivet having a preformed flange at one end and a naillike mandrel
extending axially through the rivet. The mandrel has a head larger
then the rivet bore whereby, upon insertion of the rivet barrel in
a hole in a workpiece from one side thereof, a relative retraction
of the mandrel stem causes the head radially to expand the blind or
inaccessible nonflanged end of the rivet as its flanged end is held
against movement relative to the workpiece.
A variety of tools have been provided, usually of portable or hand
held construction, with which to set pull type mandrel rivets. Such
tools are manually loaded with the individual rivet assembly to be
installed. Also, for industrial production purposes, there is as
disclosed, for instance, in U.S. Letters Patent No. 3,367,166,
issued Feb. 6, 1968 on an application filed in the name of Albert
E. Newton a mandrel rivet inserter having means for axially feeding
successive fasteners automatically. No mandrel rivet inserting
machine is known to be available, however, which is adapted to be
automatically fed from a raceway, or for automatic use as a part of
an assembly line wherein workpieces progress subsequently from one
operating station to the next.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the foregoing it is a primary object of this invention
to provide an improved cyclically fed machine for installing
fasteners, for instance pull-type mandrel-rivets, at a station of
an automatic assembly line or independently at a bench where
workpieces are to be presented thereto at a rapid rate.
To the ends stated, the present invention contemplates a machine
for inserting blind mandrel rivets comprising a riveting head
mounted on a guideway for reciprocation in a vertical plane to and
from a workpiece, a raceway inclined in a vertical plane spaced
from the head and adapted to feed successive mandrel rivets with
the mandrels uniformly depending from their rivets, and a transfer
device for receiving successive endmost mandrel-rivets in the
raceway and operative to invert and present them individually to
the retracted head for insertion. An operative stroke of the head
desirably is initiated in response to arrival of a workpiece in
proper registry therewith. As herein shown, the transfer device is
operatively connected to the inserting head.
The illustrative riveting head includes a work engageable abutment
and a bore extending therethrough adapted to receive each mandrel
stem of the fasteners as presented by the transfer device. A
further feature of the invention resides in the arrangement whereby
there is an adjustable angle of operation of the head in its plane
relative to the inclination of the raceway, and the transfer device
includes a fastener carrier mounted for reciprocation along and
predetermined rotation about a horizontal axis, an operating
linkage permitting lost motion of the carrier. A further feature
relates to the provision of means for angularly adjusting the
operating path of the head about the axis of rotation of the
carrier to facilitate versatility in setting up the machine in an
assembly line.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The foregoing and other features of the invention, including
various novel details and combinations of parts, will now be more
particularly described in connection with a preferred embodiment
and with reference to the accompanying drawings thereof, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a view in right-hand side elevation of a machine for
installing blind mandrel-rivets;
FIG. 2 is a view in front elevation of the machine shown in FIG. 1
and looking in the direction of the arrow A there indicated;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view, partly in section, of a portion of the
machine shown in FIG. 2, a fastener transfer device being in its
advanced position;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view taken on the section IV-IV of FIG.
2;
FIG. 5 is a detail view taken on the section V-V of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a view, partly in section, of the lower end of a raceway
and the transfer device in retracted or pickoff relation, the parts
being viewed in the direction of the arrow A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a left-hand side elevation, and partly in section, of
parts shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the transfer device and a
mandrel rivet therein;
FIG. 9 is a section taken on the line IX-IX of FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is a view in enlarged elevation, with portions broken away,
of a riveting head shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the rivet, shown unset in FIG. 10,
when secured in workpieces; and
FIG. 12 is a diagram of the fluid pressure control means of the
illustrative machine.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The illustrative machine will be described as applied to setting a
fastener 14 (FIGS. 1, 7, 10 and 11) comprising a rivet 16 and a
mandrel 18 for the purpose of assembling workpieces, for example a
tag 20 and sheet metal 22. It may be assumed that automatic means
(not shown) is provided for successively registering pieces 20, 22
beneath the machine, and with rivet receiving holes aligned, on a
work support or carrier W. The machine has a base 30 (FIG. 1)
including opposed spaced side plates 32, 34 secured by cross bars
36. Mounted on the base 30 as will next be described are a rivet
inserting head 38, a mandrel-rivet feeding means including a
vibratory supply hopper 40 with cooperative raceway 42, and a
transfer means generally designated 44 for picking off successive
mandrel rivets 14 from the raceway and presenting them in uniformly
reoriented position to the head 38 for insertion.
The head 38 (FIGS. 1--3 and 10) has a body portion 46 slidable
heightwise in a guideway 48 having straight opposed channels for
respectively receiving guides 50 secured to the body portion 46.
Preferably the guideway 48 is angularly adjustable in a vertical
plane, and in the FIG. 1 is shown as upwardly and rearwardly
inclined at about 10.degree. from vertical. For thus supporting the
guideway, a block 52 (FIG. 2) is rotatable about a horizontal axis
as permitted by a bolt 54 extending through the side 32 and
threaded into a bore of the block 52, the guideway 48 lying in a
groove of the block and being engaged endwise by the bolt 54.
The tool head 38 may be of any suitable type, preferably fluid
pressure operated, a conventional commercial head being shown by
way of illustration in FIG. 10. Its internal construction is
briefly described hereinafter, it sufficing for the moment to note
that a rivet-abutting nosepiece 55 is provided. The tool body
portion 46 is reciprocated during operation of the machine along
the guideway 48 by a double acting cylinder 56 (FIGS. 1--3 and 12)
secured parallel thereto by a bracket 58. A piston rod 60 (FIGS. 1
and 12) projects from the cylinder 56 and is coupled by a yoke 62
and a pin 64 to one of the guides 50. Accordingly the arrangement
is such that in inoperative position the tool body 46 is held in a
raised or retracted position by pressure in the cylinder 56 beneath
its piston. An operative stroke is effected downwardly in the
course of a cycle of the machine upon fluid pressure being admitted
above the piston, the limit of downward movement of the body 46
being simultaneously determined by the workpiece 22 and an
adjustable stop screw 66 fixed in a bracket 68 secured on a lug 70
of the body portion 46. As more clearly shown in FIG. 4 this
connection is effected by a bolt 72. At the lower end of the stroke
the stop screw 66 shifts a spring return control valve 74 (FIGS. 1,
2 and 12) later referred to and supported by a bracket 76 secured
to the guideway 48. It is to be noted that the bolt 72, for a
fastener-feeding purpose later mentioned, also pivotally supports
an actuating lost-motion link 78 one end of which is coupled to the
body portion 46.
For supplying and presenting successive mandrel rivets in properly
oriented position (as indicated in FIG. 2) and coaxially aligned
for reception in the nosepiece 55 of the inserting head 38, feed
means comprising the hopper 40, the raceway 42, and the transfer
means 44 are provided as next explained. The rivets 16 assembled on
their mandrels 18 are individually conducted out of a random mass
in the hopper by its vibratory action and introduced singly into
the mouth of the inclined raceway 42. The fasteners slide
downwardly with their preformed rivet flanges supported on spaces
parallel raceway bars 80, 82, the mandrel shanks depending between
the bars. The raceway is rigidly supported on the base 30 by
brackets 84, 86. As the fasteners thus descend under the influence
of gravity, and being restrained in the raceway by a cover strip 88
(FIGS. 2, 6 and 7) secured to the bar 80, they reach an endmost
position wherein a pickoff locality is defined by brass inserts 90,
92 (FIGS. 6 and 7), which may be of other nonmagnetic material when
desired, respectively secured to the bars 80, 82 by bolts 94. The
lower end of the insert 92 angularly projects to form upper and
lower fastener arresting or positioning surfaces 96, 98,
respectively. For this purpose the upper surface 96 is spaced from
the lower extremity of the cover strip 88 by a distance permitting
passage of the tubular portion of a single lowermost rivet 16, and
the lower surface 98 is spaced from the lower extremity of the bar
80 only sufficiently to allow passage therebetween of a single
mandrel stem. The inclination of the raceway being on the order of
45.degree., the axis of each lowermost mandrel is also inclined
forwardly and in a vertical plane at a corresponding angle of
45.degree.. The flange of the rivet in this pickoff locality rests
on a flat upper surface 100 of the insert 92, and accordingly the
to next to be transferred to the head 38 may be separated from the
raceway 42 as next explained.
The transfer means 44 comprises, in coaxial alignment with the bolt
54, a reciprocable outer sleeve 102 (FIGS. 3, 5, 6) slidable on a
horizontal inner sleeve 104, and a fastener-carrying shaft 106. For
insuring correct angular orientation of each fastener when
presented to the head 38, means is provided as will now be
described of rotationally adjusting the inner sleeve 104 about its
axis in accordance with corresponding adjustment of the head
guideway 48. Thus a flange 108 (FIGS. 3 and 6) of the sleeve 104 is
mounted in a bore 110 in a split clamp portion of the side plate
34, and a line 112 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 6) secured by a bolt 114 to the
block 52 is secured in adjusted angular relation to the sleeve 104
by a stud 116. The stud 116 is threaded through a tapped hole in
the link 112, and an inner end of the stud projects into a cam
groove 118 formed in the carrying shaft 106 to control inversion of
the fasteners during their transfer from the raceway. For
maintaining constant angular relation between the block 52 and the
line 112, a hollow, square sectioned spacing bar 120 (FIGS. l, 2
and 3) receiving the bolt 114 has its ends fitted in square
recesses in the block 52 and the link 112.
In order to operate the transfer means 44 in cyclical time relation
to the operating strokes of the head 38 the outer sleeve 102 is
horizontally actuated by means of the link 78 the lower end of
which is formed with an elongated lost-motion slot 122 (FIG. 3) for
receiving a bolt 124 threaded into a boss 126 on the sleeve 102. It
will be understood that another boss such as that designated 128
(FIG. 3) may be provided for coupling to a boss 130 of the head 38
when other angularity of the head guideway 48 requires. In the
event assembly operations necessitate that the head guideway be
disposed horizontally between the side plates 32, 34, the link 78
may be replaced by one of offset or crank shape to avoid
interference with the raceway.
Referring to FIGS. 3, 6 and 9, the left end of the retracted
carrier shaft 106 has a channeled face 132 lying in a plane
parallel to the axis of the lowermost mandrel fastener. A
complemental spacing plate 134, a brass shroud 136, and permanent
horseshoe-shaped magnet 138 are secured against the face 132 by a
bolt 140. The arrangement is such that the shroud 136 embraces a
central portion of the magnet leaving its upper and lower right
angled recesses 142, 142 exposed to engage and pick off the
lowermost mandrel 18 upon feeding movement of the transfer means 44
toward the left and away from the raceway.
The groove 118 curves along the circumference of the shaft 106 to
cause it to turn through a predetermined angle (about 55.degree. as
shown) corresponding to the difference in inclination between a
mandrel in the raceway and what its inclination must be to be
correctly reoriented and presented for reception in the bore of the
nosepiece 55. Opposite end portions of the groove 118 are parallel
to the axis of the shaft 106 but offset angularly about the axis to
compensate for the difference in inclination of a mandrel in the
raceway pickoff position and in the reoriented presenting position
required by the angularly adjusted guideway 48. (Since the raceway
42 generally remains fixed, a change in the inclination of the
guideway 48 usually requires substitution for the shaft 106 of
another having its groove 118 angularly extending an appropriate
distance about its axis. These changes are of course dictated by
the needs of the particular work on which the machine is to
operate.)
To enable the shaft 106 and hence its fastener carrying magnet 138
to be horizontally shifted between pickoff and delivery positions
in response to reciprocable movement of the outer sleeve 102 over
the inner sleeve 104, a longitudinal slot 144 (FIG. 3) in the
sleeve 104 slidably accommodates a block 146 (FIGS. 3 and 5), the
block threadedly receiving a grub screw 148 radially extending into
the outer driving sleeve 102. As best shown in FIG. 3, the right
end of the shaft 106 is reduced to extend axially through a bearing
150, a washer 152, and lock nuts 154, 154 threaded thereon. The
nuts 154 adjustably determine relative axial position of the shaft
106 and the other sleeve 102, a compression spring 156 yieldably
bearing endwise on a shoulder of the shaft and contained by the
bearing 150 to urge the shaft toward the inserting hear 38.
The position of the magnet 138 is such that it holds the
mandrel-rivet being picked off the raceway by the shoulders of the
recesses 142 a distance about equal to the shaft radius from the
axis of the shaft 106. Accordingly as the magnet moves to the left,
i.e., toward the angularly reoriented rivet-down presenting
position beneath the head 38, the shaft 106 itself serves to retain
the next endmost fastener in the raceway until the shaft is again
retracted to enable the magnet recesses 142, 142 to align with the
surfaces 96, 98.
A cycle of operations is preferably initiated by the workpieces 20,
22, being registered with the head 38 and thereby shifting a
control valve 180 from its rest position shown in FIG. 12. The
reciprocable riveting head 38 will be briefly described in
connection with an operating cycle of the machine, reference being
had mainly to FIGS. 10 and 12. It will be recalled that the head 38
had initially been held retracted by means of the cylinder 56, the
transfer means 44 then being in advanced position to hold a
mandrel-rivet reoriented for reception axially in the nosepiece 55.
The tubular nosepiece 55 is secured to the lower end of an
extension 160 of the tool body 46. Mandrel pulling means includes a
conventional chuck 162 operated axially by a spring-return piston
(not shown) preferably hydraulically actuated in a cylinder in the
body 46. Following descent of the head 38 from its position (shown
in (FIGS. 1--3) to cause the nosepiece 55 to actually receive the
presented mandrel in the now stationary shaft 106, the transfer
means 44 retracts without yet commencing rotation of the shaft. The
descending nosepiece removes the fastener from the magnet 138, the
rivet bearing on an ear 164 of the shroud 136 until the rivet
flange is engaged by the nosepiece 55. Then, as the nosepiece
descends further to press the rivet flange against the sheet 22 the
shaft 106 rotates about its axis as it retracts to remove the ear
164 and enable the fastener to be thrust into the workpiece holes.
A spring detent 166 in the nosepiece lightly engages the mandrel
stem to prevent its falling out. Pressure fluid from an intensifier
168 (FIGS. 1 and 12) is admitted via a hose 170 to the cylinder and
beneath the piston therein to effect a rivet setting stroke of the
chuck, mandrel pulling being initiated by cooperative gripping jaws
172 of the chuck upon actuation of the valve 74 (FIGS. 1 and 12) as
above mentioned to open an exhaust line 174.
The head 38 is normally held in its upwardly retracted position by
virtue of fluid pressure (preferably air) in a main line 176 (FIG.
12) being communicated via a hose 178 to the under side of the
piston in the cylinder 56. A branch from the line 176 passes
through the valve 180 to a reservoir 182, a valve alternatively
closing a path from the line 176 to the reservoir and opening one
from the reservoir 182 through a hose 186 to the upper end of the
cylinder 56 effecting descent of its piston rod 60. As above
indicated the consequent lowering of the head 38 also causes the
link 78 to retract the transfer means 44. During retraction of the
chuck jaws 172 while gripping the mandrel, nosepiece 55 holds the
rivet against retraction. The mandrel is tensioned to upset the
blind end of the rivet and thereafter is usually broken off at a
reduced stem portion within the rivet. The broken mandrel stem
within the head 38 may be pushed rearwardly by subsequently
inserted mandrels until it drops out of a tube 188.
When in the course of each cycle the head 38 is in its retracted
position, mandrel pulling is initiated by actuation of the valve 74
as mentioned above. In order to insure that the gripping jaws 172
will close on the mandrel prior to exerting tension, a rotary valve
190 (FIGS. 1 and 12) provides for decreasing fluid pressure in the
cylinder 56 above its piston very shortly after the valve 74 opens
the exhaust line 174. The chuck 162 has a detachable front end
having an internal frustoconical face 192 (FIG. 10) against which
the jaws are urged by an axially bored pusher 194. The pusher and
the nosepiece 55 are inclined to the axis of the head 38 so that a
spring 196 normally urges the jaws apart to open condition, but the
retraction of the chuck 162 as aforesaid causes mandrel gripping
followed by mandrel pulling. The slightly delayed operation of the
valve 190 is effected by its operating mechanism now to be
described. Pivoted to a lug 200 (FIG. 1) on the body 46 is a link
202 for actuating the valve 190. The link 202 has a slot 204
slidably carrying a pin 206 secured in a lever 208 of the valve
190, which itself is bracketed to the cylinder 56. As shown in FIG.
1 the lever 208 is urged clockwise by a spring 210 having one end
connected to an arm 212 of the valve 190. After lost motion between
the link 202 and the pin 206 as the head reached its advanced
position, the lever 208 rocks a spool of the valve 190 to open the
line between the reservoir 182 and the valve 180 to exhaust,
whereupon rivet setting progresses as the mandrel is tensioned and
is broken. Then fluid pressure below the piston of the cylinder 56
causes retraction of the head 38, the spool of the valve now being
rocked back to close that valve.
Meanwhile, with advance and retraction of the head 38, the transfer
means 44 has retracted to pick off another mandrel rivet 14 and
returns to reorient and present it for setting in the next cycle.
Departure of the workpiece with its installed fastener from the
valve 180 connects the latter again to the main pressure line 176
to recharge the reservoir 182.
It will be apparent that if fasteners having other than steel
mandrels are to be installed by the machine, other holding means
(for instance suction) can be employed in lieu of the magnetic
means herein proposed.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire
to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
* * * * *