U.S. patent number 3,575,070 [Application Number 04/767,440] was granted by the patent office on 1971-04-13 for pincer-type tool.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Osborn Manufacturing Corporation. Invention is credited to Frank L. Nichols.
United States Patent |
3,575,070 |
Nichols |
April 13, 1971 |
PINCER-TYPE TOOL
Abstract
Disclosed is a pincer-type tool having elongated members
pivotally mounted in overlying relation one to the other
intermediate their ends with the jaw and handle portion of each
member lying on respective opposite sides of the other member. The
overlying portions of the members have recesses facing one another
and a block of elastomeric material is disposed within the recesses
with the members being pivotally secured one to the other by a
rivet extending through the overlying portions and the elastomeric
element. The recesses and element are complementarily polygonally
shaped such that the elastomeric block biases the members into a
predetermined position relative to one another. The recesses are
arranged to normally locate the jaws of the members in butting or
spaced relation one to the other in the respective embodiments
hereof.
Inventors: |
Nichols; Frank L. (Warsaw,
IN) |
Assignee: |
Osborn Manufacturing
Corporation (Warsaw, IN)
|
Family
ID: |
25079492 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/767,440 |
Filed: |
October 14, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
81/416; 81/417;
30/261; 267/153 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25B
7/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25B
7/00 (20060101); B25B 7/08 (20060101); B25b
007/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;81/302,321--2,416,417,427 ;30/244,253,261,57.1 ;267/153,154 ;64/27
(R)/ ;16/74,75,180 ;287/101 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Riordon; Robert C.
Claims
I claim:
1. A tool comprising a pair of elongated tool members pivotally
mounted one to the other intermediate their ends for movement
between first and second positions with said members lying
generally in a common plane substantially normal to the pivotable
axis of said members, said members carrying jaws adjacent
oppositely facing like end portions thereof on one side of said
pivotable axis and laterally overlying one another with the jaw and
opposite end portion of each member lying on respective opposite
sides of the other member, the overlying portions of said members
having polygonally shaped recesses opening inwardly toward one
another, and an elastic element disposed between said members about
the pivotable axis thereof, opposite end portions of said element
being receivable in said recesses with each end portion having a
like polygonal configuration as the associated recess to preclude
relative rotation between said member and the associated end
portion of said element, said element being operable to bias said
members for pivotable movement into said first position in response
to pivotal movement of said members toward said second
position.
2. A tool according to claim 1 wherein said first position locates
said jaws in spaced relation one to the other.
3. A tool according to claim 1 wherein said first position locates
said jaws in butting relation one with the other.
4. A tool according to claim 1 wherein said elastic element is
formed of rubber.
5. A tool according to claim 1 wherein said elastic element is
formed of a plastic material.
6. A tool according to claim 1 including a pin securing said
members one to the other and extending through said element and the
overlying portions of said members.
7. A tool according to claim 1 wherein said element normally
retains said members in said first position.
Description
The present invention relates to an improved tool of the pincer
type and particularly relates to improved pliers wherein the
members of the pliers are uniquely biased into a predetermined
position.
Pincer-type tools, for example pliers, wire cutters and the like,
generally comprise a pair of members pivotally secured one to the
other intermediate their ends with each member overlapping and
crossing the other member. The oppositely-facing like ends of the
members on one side of the pivotal axis are comprised of jaws or
work surfaces having serrations, knurled surfaces or the like,
while the opposite like ends on the other side of the pivotal axis
are comprised of handles by which the tool may be manipulated. Most
often, the pivotal mounting comprises a pin or bolt-type connection
loosely holding the members of the tool together for free pivotal
movement. When applying the tool to the work, it will be
appreciated that the members must first be manipulated to space the
working surfaces one from the other as to enclose the work and then
manipulated to move toward one another to clamp the work between
the jaws. Manipulation of the tool in this manner is awkward and
cumbersome, particularly when manipulated by one hand as in the
usual case.
Certain pincer-type tools have been provided with springs for
maintaining the jaws of the tool in a predetermined position. For
example, wire cutters, pruning shears and the like are often
provided with springs to accomplish this purpose. This type of
pincer tool often has a helical spring disposed between the handles
of the tool normally holding the tool jaws in a fully opened
position. Thus, the work can be readily disposed between the jaws
of the tool, and the handles moved toward one another to perform
the intended function of the tool, for example, cutting. The
helical spring, however, often interferes with the manipulation of
the tool and injury is sometimes caused to fingers caught within
the coils of the spring when the handles are squeezed toward one
another. Additionally, these tools require a substantial number of
parts, time consuming assembly of such parts, and, as a result, are
costly to manufacture. In short, there has remained many problems
in the manufacture and use of a pincer-type tool, particularly of
those tools wherein its members are biased into a predetermined
position.
The present invention overcomes or minimizes the above-discussed
disadvantages and difficulties associated with prior pincer tools
of this type and provides an improved pincer-type tool or pliers
providing significant advantages in construction and mode of use
over prior tools of this type. Particularly, the present invention
provides a pincer-type tool having a pair of tool members pivotally
mounted one to the other intermediate their ends and in overlying
relation one to the other. The oppositely facing like ends on one
side of the pivotal axis are comprised of jaws while the opposite
ends of the members on the other side of the pivotal axis are
comprised of a pair of handles by which the tool may be manipulated
and the jaws disposed in selected positions relative to one
another.
It is a significant feature hereof that the members are biased to a
predetermined position relative to one another by an elastic block
disposed at the pivotal juncture of the two members. Specifically,
the overlapping portions of the members are provided with recesses
which open toward one another and receive opposite end portions of
the elastic block. The block has a polygonally configured
periphery, and the recesses are correspondingly polygonally
configured such that the opposite end portions of the elastic block
engaging within the recesses are precluded from relative rotation
while simultaneously the members are rotatable relative to one
another by distorting the elastic block. The members are pivotally
secured one to the other with the elastic block disposed
therebetween by a rivet pin extending through the overlapping
portions of the members and the elastic block.
In one form hereof, the recesses are oriented on the members such
that they lie in exact lateral registry one with the other (that
is, the sides of the polygonally shaped recesses lie in lateral
alignment each with the other) when the jaws of the pincer tool
butt one another. In this manner, the elastic block normally
maintains the jaws of the tool in butting relation one with the
other. To open the tool jaws, the members are pivoted relative to
one another against the natural bias of the elastic block and,
after use, the jaws will return to their normal closed position
under the bias of the elastic block.
In another form hereof, the recesses are oriented relative to the
members of the tool such that they lie in exact lateral registry
one with the other when the tool jaws are spaced at a predetermined
angular relation one from the other, i.e., in the fully open
position. This is particularly useful where the tool is used for
clamping about small objects as the jaws are thus normally
maintained in spaced relation one to the other to readily receive
the object. By squeezing the handles of the members against the
bias of the elastic block, the object may be readily clamped. By
releasing the handles, the members return to the predetermined
position under the natural bias of the elastic block.
With the foregoing construction, it will be seen that the tool is
comprised of a minimum number of parts which greatly facilitates
assembly of the tool. Moreover, the members of the tool can be
readily formed, for example of cast aluminum, with the recesses
being formed simultaneously therewith and in accurate location
relative to one another and to the pivotal axis of the assembled
tool. Thus it will be appreciated that the present pincer-type tool
can be readily and easily fabricated and assembled and at minimum
expense.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to
provide an improved pincer-type tool.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an
improved pincer-type tool which is normally biased into a
predetermined position.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an
improved pincer-type tool having a pair of members biased into a
predetermined position by an element located about the pivotal axis
of the members.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
pincer-type tool having a pair of members biased into predetermined
position with the jaws thereof normally spaced one from the other
and a tool having the members biased into a predetermined position
with the jaws thereof normally disposed in butting relation one to
the other.
It is a still further object of the invention to provide an
improved pincer-type tool which is readily and easily manufactured
and assembled and at minimum cost.
These and further objects and advantages of the present invention
will become more apparent upon reference to the following
specification, appended claims and drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a pincer-type tool constructed
in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged elevational view of the pivotal
mounting of the members forming the tool hereof;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view thereof taken about line 3-3 in
FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary exploded perspective view of the tool
hereof illustrating the pivotal connection between the members of
the tool; and
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary enlarged side elevational view of another
form of the tool hereof.
Referring to the drawings, particularly to FIG. 1, there is
illustrated a pincer-type tool, generally indicated at 10, having a
pair of elongated members 12 and 14 pivotally mounted one to the
other intermediate their ends as at 15. Members 12 and 14 have
respective working surfaces or jaws and 18 formed along oppositely
facing like end portions thereof on one side of axis 15. The
opposite ends of the respective members 12 and 14 on the other side
of axis 15 form handles for the tool with member 12 having an
elongated lower curved handle portion 17 and member 14 having a
closed loop portion 19 adapted to receive one or more fingers when
the tool is manipulated.
Each of the members 12 and 14 has a circular hub portion 20, the
inner face 22 of which is inset from the inside face of the
associated member leaving arcuate wall portions 24 and 26 about hub
20 and from which respectively extend jaws 16 and handle portions
of the members. The hub portions 20 are inset such that, when the
members are pivotally secured one to the other, the wall portions
24 and 26 of each member receive and arcuately overlie the
periphery of the hub portion 20 of the opposite member between the
wall portions 24 and 26 thereof whereby jaws 16 and 18 and handles
17 and 19 lie substantially in a common plane.
A recess 28 is formed in the hub portion 20 of each of the members
12 and 14, the recesses opening inwardly toward one another. The
recesses are formed to provide a plurality of discrete sides with
the illustrated and preferred form of recess 28 being square in
shape. A block 30 formed of an elastic material such as rubber or
plastic, and having a width substantially equal to the width of the
combined recesses 28, is provided and is similarly configured as
the recesses 28. That is to say, block 30 has a like number of
discrete sides as recesses 28 and is complementary to and
receivable within the recesses 28. It will be appreciated that,
with the foregoing configuration, relative rotation between the end
portion of block 30 and its associated recess in each of the
members 12 and 14 is precluded while permitting rotation of members
12 and 14 relative to one another about axis 16. While the
preferred and illustrated form of pincer tool provides a four-sided
or square recess and a corresponding shaped block 30, it will be
appreciated that any number of discrete sides can be provided
recess 28 and the block 30. Moreover, it is not necessary that the
recess in each member have a like number of sides as the recess in
the other member since opposite end portions of block 30 can be
formed to have a different number of sides corresponding to the
number of sides of the recess in which that end portion of element
30 will be received. Additionally, it will be appreciated that the
block 30 and recesses could be cylindrical in shape provided the
end portions of the block receivable in the recesses are
respectively fixed therein as by bonding with an adhesive.
Boreholes 32 and 34 are respectively provided through the hub
portions 20 and element 30 and receive a rivet pin 36 which also
engages through a washer 38 provided on the side of the pincers
opposite a rivet head 40.
In the form hereof illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the recesses 28
are formed in the hub portions 20 of the members 12 and 14 such
that the recesses 28 lie in exact lateral registry one with the
other when the jaws 16 and 18 are angularly spaced one from the
other, preferably in a maximum open position. In other words, the
angular orientation of the recesses 28 with respect to hub portions
20 is such that the discrete sides thereof are laterally aligned
only when the working surfaces 16 and 18 are spaced one from the
other as seen in FIG. 1. It will be appreciated that when the
recesses lie in such lateral registry, the elastic block or element
30 is undistorted and lies in its natural configuration. When the
handle portions of the member 12 and 14 are squeezed, for example
when an object is to be gripped between jaws 16 and 18, it will be
seen that element 30 is distorted and tends to bias or urge the
members 12 and 14 back to the original position with the recesses
lying in exact lateral registry one with the other. Specifically,
portions of the element 30 lying within the respective recesses
rotate with the respective members resiliently distorting the
element 30 from its natural shape. The element 30 thus biases the
members 12 and 14 toward the original predetermined position.
In the form hereof illustrated in FIG. 5, the recesses 28 are
oriented such that they lie in exact lateral alignment one with the
other only when jaws 16 and 18 butt one another. It will thus be
seen that pivotal movement of members 12 and 14 away from one
another to open jaws 16 and 18 resiliently distorts elastic element
30. When distorted, element 30 tends to return to its natural shape
and thereby biases members 12 and 14 into their normal position
seen in FIG. 5.
In a preferred form hereof, the members 12 and 14 are readily die
cast of aluminum and the elastic block 30 is comprised of rubber.
It will thus be seen that the parts hereof may be readily and
easily fabricated and assembled by merely locating the block 30 in
the recesses and riveting the members 12 and 14 one to the other.
The tool may thus be manufactured at low cost.
It will thus be appreciated that the objects of the present
invention are fully accomplished in that there has been provided an
improved pincer-type tool which is biased into a predetermined
position. Moreover, the element providing the bias to the tool is
located in the hub portions of the members forming the tool about
the pivotal axis thereof, and thus does not interfere with or
otherwise obstruct manipulation of the tool by its handles.
Additionally, the foregoing construction provides a readily and
easily manufactured pincer tool at low cost.
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without
departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The
present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects
as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention
being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing
description, and all changes which come within the meaning and
range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be
embraced therein.
* * * * *