U.S. patent number 3,574,264 [Application Number 04/841,396] was granted by the patent office on 1971-04-13 for magazine assembly for automatic rifles.
Invention is credited to Ernest P. Simmons, Sr..
United States Patent |
3,574,264 |
Simmons, Sr. |
April 13, 1971 |
MAGAZINE ASSEMBLY FOR AUTOMATIC RIFLES
Abstract
In an automatic rifle having an ammunition magazine insertable
in a recess provided therefore in the receiver portion of the gun,
a projection on said magazine preventing its insertion into said
recess in any but its correct position, and means preventing
interference by said projection with the latch means for securing
said magazine in said recess.
Inventors: |
Simmons, Sr.; Ernest P.
(Olathe, KS) |
Family
ID: |
25284769 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/841,396 |
Filed: |
July 14, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
42/6; 42/50 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A
17/38 (20130101); F41A 9/65 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41A
9/65 (20060101); F41A 17/00 (20060101); F41A
17/38 (20060101); F41A 9/00 (20060101); F41c
025/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;42/6,7,50,1 (A)/ ;42/1
(B)/ |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Borchelt; Benjamin A.
Assistant Examiner: Jordan; C. T.
Claims
I claim:
1. In an automatic rifle having an outwardly opening rectangular
recess defined by side and end walls, and a correspondingly
rectangular ammunition magazine adapted to be inserted slidably
into said recess:
a. a projection affixed to and extending outwardly from one end
wall of said magazine, whereby the length of said magazine,
including said projection, is greater than the length of said
recess, the width of said projection being less than the width of
said magazine, and one end wall of said recess having a notch of
restricted width formed therein and opening through the face of
said recess for receiving said projection, whereby said magazine
cannot be inserted in said recess in any end-to-end reversed
position, and
b. means for releasably securing said magazine in said recess.
2. The combination as recited in claim 1 wherein said securing
means comprises:
a. a pair of tooth members mounted in the respective end walls of
said recess and projecting into said recess to engage a pair of
shoulders formed in the respective end walls of said magazine, said
shoulders facing toward the open end of said recess, at least one
of said tooth members being mounted for movement from a position
projecting into said recess to a position retracted from said
recess, and
b. means yieldably biasing said movable tooth member toward its
projecting position.
3. The combination as recited in claim 2 wherein one of said tooth
members is fixed relative to said recess and the other of said
tooth members constitutes the inner end portion of a lever pivoted
in said notch on an axis transverse to the direction of insertion
of said magazine into said recess, said lever being inclined so
that its inner end normally projects into said recess to engage the
associated magazine shoulder, with its opposite end projecting
outwardly from said notch for manual operation of said lever.
4. The combination as recited in claim 3 wherein said projection is
disposed farther from the outer end of said magazine than the
shoulder of the magazine end wall to which said projection is
affixed, and is disposed intermediate the sides of the
corresponding tooth member, said tooth member having a notch formed
therein to permit the passage of said projection therethrough.
Description
This invention relates to new and useful improvements in automatic
rifles, and has particular reference to automatic rifles in which
the shells are carried in a separable container or magazine
insertable into a recess provided therefor in the gun
mechanism.
Difficulties have arisen in certain guns of this type, particularly
when used for hunting purposes, in that good safety practice
requires that the gun be carried with the magazine removed
therefrom, and that the shooter must often, as the opportunity for
a shot presents itself, insert the magazine with considerable speed
and haste, and without opportunity for careful inspection and
alignment thereof. As a result the magazines are sometimes inserted
in an end-for-end reversed position, with the bases rather than the
points of the shells directed toward the shell chamber of the gun,
the structure of the magazine and magazine recess permitting this
error. No danger results from this error, since the gun is
completely inoperable with the magazine reversed, but it does
result in the loss of valuable time, and the opportunity for a shot
is lost.
Accordingly, the primary object of the present invention is the
provision of means positively preventing the insertion of the
magazine in any but its correct position relative to the gun.
Generally, the object is accomplished by the provision of an
outward projection on the magazine which strikes the walls of the
magazine recess of the gun to prevent insertion of the magazine in
a reversed position, said recess walls being provided with a notch
or recess for admitting said projection when the magazine is
correctly positioned.
Another object is the provision of a novel arrangement of the
projection relative to the latch means for securing the magazine in
its recess, in which neither interferes with the operation of the
other.
Other objects are simplicity and economy of construction,
efficiency and dependability of operation, and adaptability of the
projection to be applied in many preexisting guns with a minimum of
adaptation or alteration of parts.
With these objects in view, as well as other objects which will
appear in the course of the specification, reference will be had to
the accompanying drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of an automatic rifle
including a magazine assembly embodying the present invention,
FIG. 2 is an inverted plan view of the parts as shown in FIG.
1,
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on line
III-III of FIG. 2, with parts left in elevation and partially
broken away, and
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on line IV-IV of FIG. 3 with parts
omitted .
Like reference numerals apply to similar parts throughout the
several views, and the numeral 2 applies generally to an automatic
rifle including a barrel 4 affixed at its rearward end in a
receiver mechanism indicated generally by the numeral 6, said
receiver being supported in a forearm 8 which extends forwardly
beneath barrel 4, and which extends rearwardly from the receiver
mechanism to form a stock 10. The receiver mechanism includes a
trigger 12 and trigger guard 14 disposed beneath the forearm.
Just forwardly from the trigger guard, receiver 6 has formed
therein a magazine recess 16 for receiving therein an ammunition
magazine indicated generally by the numeral 18. Recess 16 is
horizontally rectangular, opens through the bottom of the receiver
and is defined by vertical sidewalls 20, a vertical front wall 22,
and a vertical backwall formed by the forward edge of the lower
tang 24 of the receiver, and by post 26 affixed to and rising from
said tang. The upper end of said post is inclined forwardly into
recess 16 to form an upwardly directed tooth 28. All of said recess
walls form portions of receiver 6, and are essentially rigid.
Formed in the vertical face of front wall 22 confronting recess 16
is a notch 30, said notch opening both into recess 16 and through
the lower edge of wall 22. Mounted in notch 30 is a latch lever 32,
said lever being pivoted on a horizontal transverse pivot pin 34,
fixed in wall 22. The lower end of said lever projects through the
bottom opening of notch 30, and the lever is inclined upwardly and
inwardly so that its upper end normally projects into recess 16,
said upper end constituting a movable latch tooth 36. Said lever is
resiliently biased to a position in which tooth 36 projects into
recess 16 by means of a spring 38, but tooth 36 can be retracted
from recess 16 by manually pressing the lower end of the lever
rearwardly.
Magazine 18 has the form of an open-topped rectilinear sheet metal
box, having a vertical front wall 40, rear wall 42, sidewalls 44,
and a generally horizontal bottom wall 46. It is insertable
upwardly into recess 16, being provided around its lower end with a
projecting lip 48 for preventing over-insertion. Front wall 40 has
a downwardly facing shoulder 50 formed in the external side thereof
for engagement by tooth 36 of lever 32, and rear wall 42 has a
downwardly facing shoulder 52 formed in the exterior side thereof
for engagement by tooth 28 of post 26. Then as the magazine is
pushed upwardly into place in recess 16, tooth 28 first engages
shoulder 52, and tooth 36 then snaps into place beneath shoulder 50
to secure the magazine in place. The magazine can of course be
freed whenever desired by pressing the lower end of lever 32
rearwardly to disengage tooth 36 from shoulder 50. The magazine
carries a number of rifle shells 54 which are dispensed therefrom
sequentially by the gun action and fed into the barrel chamber in
the usual manner, well known in the art. The actual interior
operation of the magazine, however, is relation to the gun action,
forms no part of the present invention and is not shown or
detailed.
The structure thus far described is common and well known in the
prior art. It will be readily appreciated, however, that although
the magazine is provided with an indication, such as arrow 56
imprinted on bottom wall 46 thereof (FIG. 2), which should be
directed forwardly when inserting the magazine, the shooter may in
conditions requiring haste disregard said arrow and accidentally
insert the magazine in an end-for-end reversed position, that is
with its rearward end at the forward end of recess 16. The
structure thus far described does permit such a reversed insertion.
No danger results from such reversed insertion of the magazine
since the gun is then inoperative, but it does result in the loss
of the time required to correct the error, and in the possible loss
of a shot the opportunity for which a hunter may have spent much
time and effort.
To eliminate the possibility of such a reversed insertion of the
magazine, the present invention involves the fixing of a small
projection 58 to the exterior of front wall 40 of the magazine, the
degree of projection being such that the total length of the
magazine from the exterior side of rear wall 42, to the outer end
of projection 58, is greater than the length of recess 16. Then if
any attempt is made to insert the magazine in a reversed position,
rear magazine wall 42 will abut the front recess wall, and
projection 58 will engage tang 24 of the gun receiver to prevent
the insertion. If the magazine is not reversed, but is inserted
correctly, projection 58 enters notch 30 of the front recess wall,
and in no way interferes with the insertion.
It is desirable that projection 58 be disposed as close as possible
to the open upper end of the magazine in order to prevent even
partial insertion of the magazine in a reversed position. When so
positioned as shown it may in many guns be disposed higher than the
latch shoulder 50 of front magazine wall 40, so that projection 58
must pass over latch lever 32 during insertion of the magazine.
There thus arises the possibility of interference between the
projection and the latch lever. The lever is, at the elevation of
its pivot pin 34, recessed into notch 30, and projection 58 can be
made short enough to pass this portion of the lever without
interference. However, in some guns, the pivotal movement of the
lever is sufficient only to permit the extreme upper end of tooth
36 thereof to be retracted flush with the front wall of recess 16,
even possibly to a still smaller degree, but not into said recess
or sufficiently to permit projection 58 to pass thereby. In such
guns, tooth 36 may have a notch 60 formed midway between its
lateral sides, through which projection 58 may pass as the magazine
is inserted, but not interfering with the latch functions of said
tooth.
The operation of my invention is considered to have been fully
described in connection with the foregoing structural description.
In most guns of the type described, the simple addition of
projection 58 and the notching of latch tooth 36 at 60 are the only
additions or alterations necessary to provide the desired positive
prevention of reverse insertion of the magazine.
While I have shown and described a specific embodiment of my
invention, it will be readily apparent that many minor changes of
structure and operation could be made without departing from the
spirit of the invention .
* * * * *