U.S. patent number 3,566,168 [Application Number 04/837,678] was granted by the patent office on 1971-02-23 for eddy current rotary machine having torque transmission arrangement.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Seisakusha, Fukuoka-ken. Invention is credited to Toshiya Matsubara, Yoshibumi Taniwaki.
United States Patent |
3,566,168 |
|
February 23, 1971 |
EDDY CURRENT ROTARY MACHINE HAVING TORQUE TRANSMISSION
ARRANGEMENT
Abstract
The eddy-current element in a torque transmitting device is
formed from two concentric radially spaced apart drums. An annular
array of inductor members is inserted in the space between the
drums from one end and a magnetic field generating yoke is inserted
between the drums from the other end. The drums, consisting of
magnetic material, are supported in spaced relation by nonmagnetic
means interposed between the drums intermediate the ends between
the inductor members on the one hand and the yoke on the other
hand. Efficient cooling is afforded by a series of holes in the
drums and the provision of fan blades for impelling air through the
holes.
Inventors: |
Toshiya Matsubara (Kitakyushu,
JP), Yoshibumi Taniwaki (Kitakyushu, JP) |
Assignee: |
Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki
Seisakusha, Fukuoka-ken, (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
12745492 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/837,678 |
Filed: |
June 30, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jul 1, 1968 [JP] |
|
|
43/46379 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
310/105;
310/62 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02K
49/043 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H02K
49/00 (20060101); H02K 49/04 (20060101); H02k
049/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;310/163,92,93,102,103--105,266,58,62,63,108 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Milton O. Hirshfield
Assistant Examiner: R. Skudy
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Ward, McElhannon, Brooks and
Fitzpatrick
Claims
1. An eddy-current rotary machine comprising in combination: a
first structure having at least two concentric eddy-current drums
of magnetic material supported with a radial gap therebetween by
nonmagnetic means interposed between said drums intermediate the
ends thereof, said first structure being rotatably mounted for
rotation about an axis concentric with said drums; a plurality of
inductor members disposed in a circular array concentric with said
axis and forming an inductor disposed in said gap between said
drums on one side of said nonmagnetic means; said inductor
constituting a second structure and being rotatably mounted for
rotation about an axis coaxially with said first structure; a yoke
member disposed in said gap between said drums on the other side of
said nonmagnetic means from said inductor; exciting means for
generating a magnetic flux passing through and linking said
inductor, said yoke member, and both of said drums; and driving
means coupled to one of said structures for causing it to rotate
relative to the other structure for producing eddy-currents in both
of said drums to transmit a torque from
2. An eddy-current rotary machine as claimed in claim 1, in which
ventilating holes are provided in the drums for ventilation of the
space
3. An eddy-current rotary machine as claimed in claim 2, in which
ventilating fins are provided bridging the ventilating holes of the
drums.
4. An eddy-current rotary machine as claimed in claim 1, in which
the inductor members of the inductor are each divided into several
concentric layers, and an additional eddy-current generating drum
is mounted on said first structure and disposed between adjacent
layers of said divided
5. An eddy-current rotary machine as claimed in claim 2, in which
shields are supported adjacent the ends of said drums to provide an
air baffle between the drums and the yoke member on one side and
between the drums and the inductor on the other side, and the
ventilating holes in one of said drums are in registration with
corresponding holes of the other of said drums with plates spanning
the space between the drums around
6. An eddy-current rotary machine as claimed in claim 1, in which
the driving means is coupled to said second structure and is in the
form of a shaft, and wherein a partition plate is mounted on said
shaft for rotation, fan elements are provided on both sides of said
partition plate radially spaced from said shaft, and said inductor
members are joined to
7. An eddy-current rotary machine which comprises a driven shaft
supported by a machine frame having ventilating holes; an electric
motor enclosed in said machine frame and consisting of a stator and
a rotator, the rotator being supported by a hollow shaft through
which said driven shaft passes; an eddy-current generator
consisting of mutually opposed concentric radially spaced apart
magnetic drums supported by said driven shaft adjacent one end of
said hollow shaft; a plurality of inductor members inserted in the
space between said drums and supported by said hollow shaft; an
exciting winding supported in the space between said drums by the
machine frame; and a double fan type ventilating fan supported by
said hollow shaft positioned between said electric motor and said
eddy-current generator, whereby said motor and generator portions
in the frame are effectively cooled.
Description
The present invention relates to improved eddy current rotary
machines, in which torque transmission between a driving part and a
driven part is carried out by eddy-currents as in the case of an
eddy-current-type coupling or an eddy-current-type brake
device.
In the conventional machines as described above, for example in the
conventional eddy-current-type coupling, an exciting winding is
provided on an iron yoke member supported by the machine frame, a
magnetic drum supported by a driving shaft and an inductor
supported by a driven shaft are arranged between legs of said yoke
member with a suitable air gap therebetween, and a magnetic path is
formed through the above-mentioned members, whereby torque
transmission between the driving and driven parts is attained by
utilizing the eddy-currents generated between said magnetic drum
and inductor.
According to the construction as described above, when the torque
to be transmitted is very large or slip is large, a large loss
energy is generated by the eddy-currents at the torque transmitting
surface of the magnetic drum, but the magnetic drum is surrounded
by the yoke member and the air gap surrounding said drum is
relatively narrow, so that removal of heat from the magnetic drum,
e.g., by ventilation, is very poor. To overcome this, enlargement
of the machine body or provision of a water cooling device for
passing cooling water through the magnetic drum becomes necessary,
thus necessitating an expensive and complicated structure of the
machine.
Therefore, an essential object of the present invention is to
provide improved eddy-current rotary machines in which radiation or
dissipation of the loss heat generated by the eddy-currents can be
effectively attained without causing enlargement, expensiveness and
complication of the machine.
According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object has
been effectively attained by the machine comprising in combination:
a first structure having at least two concentric eddy-current drums
of magnetic material supported with a radial gap therebetween by
nonmagnetic means interposed between the drums intermediate the
ends thereof, the first structure being rotatably mounted for
rotation about an axis concentric with the drums; a plurality of
inductor members disposed in a circular array concentric with the
axis and forming an inductor disposed in the gap between the drums
on one side of the nonmagnetic means, the inductor constituting a
second structure and being rotatably mounted for rotation about an
axis coaxially with the first structure; a yoke member disposed in
the gap between the drums on the other side of the nonmagnetic
means from the inductor; exciting means for generating a magnetic
flux passing through and linking the inductor, the yoke member, and
both of the drums; and driving means coupled to one of the
structures for causing it to rotate relative to the other structure
for producing eddy-currents in both of the drums to transmit a
torque from the driven structure to the other structure.
The foregoing essential object and other objects as well as
detailed features of the invention will become more apparent and
more readily understandable from the following description when
read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the
same or equivalent members are designated by the same reference
characters and numerals.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side view, in section of one part, of a first example
of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertically sectioned front view along line (II-II) in
FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one part of the magnetic drum in
the example of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a vertically sectioned side view of only the upper half
portion of a second example of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view, in vertical section, of only the upper half
portion of a third example of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view, partially sectioned, of a fourth example of
the invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view, partially sectioned, of a fifth example of
the invention; and
FIG. 8 is a sectional view along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention will be described in detail in connection with
various examples thereof.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the machine comprises a machine
frame 1; a driving shaft 2 supported by the frame 1 through a
bearing 3 and connected to the shaft of a driving motor (not
shown); a driven shaft 4 supported by the frame 1 through a bearing
5; a magnetic structural body 6 supported by the driving shaft 2 by
means of a hub 24, this body consisting of inner and outer
eddy-current generating drums A and B which are separated through a
suitable distance, but connected to each other at their central
portions by means of nonmagnetic members 23; and an inductor 7
supported by the driven shaft 4 through a supporting plate 25, this
inductor comprising a plurality of inductor pieces 27 which are
magnetically separated from one another by means of nonmagnetic
pieces 26 disposed between the plate 25 and inductor pieces 27 and
arranged in a circumferential array.
The inductor pieces 27 are inserted into a space formed between the
opposing inner and outer magnetic drums A and B from one side of
the drums, and an iron yoke 8 is inserted into the space from other
side of the drums, said yoke being fixed to the machine frame 1 and
being provided with an exciting winding 9. The magnetic drums A and
B are provided with ventilating holes 10 and 11, respectively. The
ventilating hole 11 is provided with cooling fins 12 acting as
centrifugal fans due to rotation thereof. Of course, both
ventilating holes 10 and 11 may be provided with the fins 12 and
these fins may be attached on the inside or outside of the
ventilating hole or holes. The supporting plate 25 is provided with
a ventilating hole 13, and the machine frame 1 is provided with a
suction inlet 14, air exhausting holes 15 and an air guide plate
16.
In the machine illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 when the driving
shaft 2 is rotated, the magnetic structural body 6 supported by the
shaft 2 is rotated together with the shaft. On the other hand, when
the exciting winding 9 is excited from an electric power source
(not shown), a magnetic flux .phi. is established through the
magnetic drums A, B and inductor pieces 27 of the inductor 7.
Accordingly, if the driving shaft 2 is rotated during excitation of
the exciting winding 9, the magnetic flux .phi. is made to
fluctuate by relative difference between the rotary speed of the
magnetic structural body 6 and that of the inductor 7, whereby an
eddy-current is generated in the surfaces of each of the magnetic
drums A and B, these surfaces being opposite to the inductor pieces
27, thus causing generation of a torque due to the eddy-current,
thereby to rotate the driven shaft 4.
In the above operating condition, cooling air for removing the loss
heat generated by the eddy-currents enters into the suction inlet
14 and passes through the ventilating hole 13 of the supporting
plate 25. The cooling air passed through the hole 13 is forcibly
exhausted outward from the magnetic structural body 6 through the
ventilating holes 10 and 11, while cooling the heat generating
parts of the magnetic drums A and B, and then is exhausted from the
exhaust outlets 15 of the machine frame 1.
FIG. 4 illustrates another example of the present invention, in
which the eddy-current generating surface of the magnetic
structural body 6 is increased, and the inductor pieces 17 are
formed as multilayer pieces. In this example, an auxiliary
eddy-current generating drum C is arranged between opposed layers
of the inductor pieces and rotated together with the eddy-current
generating drums A and B. The same or equivalent members in FIG. 4
are indicated by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1, 2
and 3, and since their functions are substantially equal to those
of the example of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, further explanation of the
operation of the example of FIG. 4 is omitted herein.
The example illustrated in FIG. 5 corresponds to a further
improvement of the example of FIG. 1. The example of FIG. 5 is
substantially equal to that of FIG. 1 except that shielding plates
17 facing inner and outer surfaces of the magnetic drums A and B
with narrow air therebetween are provided on the yoke member 8 and
supporting plate 25, respectively, and partition plates 18 for
shielding the ventilating holes 10 and 11 of the magnetic drums A
and B are provided, whereby the inductor pieces 27 and exciting
winding 9 are protected from entering of dust thereinto.
For the purposes of effectuating dust protection of the machine, a
suitable filter may be provided at the suction inlet 14 of each of
the examples as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5.
In the illustrated examples, the eddy-current generating members
are constructed as cylindrical magnetic drums, but may be formed as
circular rings and disposed in opposition to each other in the
axial direction, so as to form a magnetic path through the axial
air gap, or one of the shafts 2 and 4 may be fixed thereby to use
the machine as an eddy-current brake device, or the shafts 2 and 4
may be, respectively, used as the driven shaft and driving
shaft.
According to the construction of the present invention, as
illustrated in the examples the eddy-current generating drums are
arranged at the outside position and extended toward the outside of
the iron yoke member, so that contacting of the drums by the
ventilating cooling air and accordingly their heat exchange becomes
very effective, whereby highly effective dissipation of the loss
heat due to the eddy-currents can be attained by the cooling effect
of the broad area of the drums. Of course, the above-mentioned
cooling effect can be further improved by provision of ventilating
holes in the drums. Furthermore, in the present invention, both the
inductor and yoke member are arranged in the space formed between
opposite drums, so that any thrust force due to magnetic attraction
force between various parts cannot be applied to the shafts, thus
causing simplification of the bearings. This advantage can cause
minimization of the machine structure together with the effective
cooling effect, thereby to simplify the construction, manufacturing
and inspection of the machine.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned
examples and can be modified within the range which is obvious to
the persons skilled in the art. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 in
which the same or equivalent members as those of the example of
FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, there
are provided a partition plate 19 supported by the driving shaft 2
so as to separate the outside and inside space of the eddy-current
generating structure, cooling fans 20, 21 being provided,
respectively, on front and rear surfaces of said partition plate
19, and a ventilating guide plate 22 to protect effectively the
machine from overheating due to the eddy-current loss.
Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a driving motor may be
enclosed within the machine frame including therein the
eddy-current generating structure. The machine of FIGS. 7 and 8
comprises, in a machine frame 1 which is provided with air suction
inlets 42, 43 and an air exhaust outlet 36 and which supports a
driven shaft 4 through bearings 32, an electric motor comprising a
stator 28 having a stator winding 29 and a rotor 30 having an end
ring 31; a hollow shaft 35 supporting said rotor 30 therearound and
supported by means of bearings 33, 34 on the driven shaft 4 which
passes through the hollow space of the shaft 35; a fan plate 37
provided with double fans 38, 39 and supported by the hollow shaft
35; an eddy-current generator consisting of magnetic drums A and B
which are connected by a nonmagnetic member 41 so as to form a
space therebetween, this eddy-current generator being attached to
the driven shaft 4 by means of a hub 44 formed integrally with the
inner magnetic drum A and having a ventilating hole 45; inductor
pieces 27 inserted into the gap between the drums A and B and
supported by the fan 38 by way of a nonmagnetic piece 40; yoke
member 46 supported by the machine frame and extended into the gap
between the drums A and B; and an exciting winding 47.
In the machine as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, if the stationary
winding 29 is excited, the rotor 30 is rotated, whereby the hollow
shaft 35 is also rotated thereby to rotate the fans 38 and 39, so
that the inductor pieces 27 are rotated while passing through the
gap between the drums A and B. In this state, if the exciting
winding 47 is excited, a magnetic flux .phi. is established.
Accordingly, eddy-currents are generated in the magnetic drums A
and B and a torque is produced between the inductor pieces 27 and
the magnetic drums, whereby the driven shaft 4 is driven as in the
case of the example of FIG. 1.
In this example, cooling air is sucked in through the inlets 42 and
43 and discharged out from the outlet 36 by action of the double
fans 38 and 39, whereby the cooling of the eddy-current device and
driving motor is effectively attained. As seen from the
construction of the example of FIGS. 7 and 8, an extremely
miniaturized eddy-current coupling machine can be realized by
skillful combination of an electric motor and an eddy-current
device.
* * * * *